Abdullah ibn Dinar said: The sun set when I was with Abdullah ibn Umar. We proceeded, and when we saw that the evening came, we said prayer. He went on travelling until the twilight disappeared and the stars became thick. He then slighted and combined the two prayers. Then he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ; when he hastened his travelling, he would pray like this prayer of mine. He said: He would combine the two prayers after the passing of a part of night. AbuDawud said: This has been transmitted by Asim ibn Muhammad from his brother on the authority of Salim and this has also been narrated by Ibn AbuNajih from Isma'il ibn AbdurRahman ibn Dhuwayb saying that Ibn Umar would combine the two prayers after the disappearance of twilight. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1217)

رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ صَلَّى صَلَاتِي هَذِهِ يَقُولُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا بَعْدَ لَيْلٍ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ

[Machine] "To tell him, 'Get up and pray.' So when the whiteness of dawn appeared and the darkness of night faded away, he descended and prayed three Rakʿahs and two Rakʿahs, then turned to us and said, 'This is how I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performing the words of the hadith of Fadl ibn Dukayn and the hadith of Shafi'i.' He continued, 'We went with Ibn Umar to Al-Hayy. When the sun set, we thought of telling him to descend and pray. So when the whiteness of dawn appeared and the darkness of night faded away, he descended and prayed three Rakʿahs, then said the salutations, and then prayed two Rakʿahs and again said the salutations. Then he turned to us and said, 'This is how I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ doing,' and he narrated from Ismail ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Asadi."

أَنْ نَقُولَ لَهُ قُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ بَيَاضُ الْأُفُقِ وَفَحْمَةُ الْعِشَاءِ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَرَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ هَكَذَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَفْعَلُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ دُكَيْنٍ وَحَدِيثُ الشَّافِعِيِّ أَتَمُّ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ إِلَى الْحِيِّ فَغَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَهِبْنَا أَنْ نَقُولَ لَهُ انْزِلْ فَصَلِّ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ بَيَاضُ الْأُفُقِ وَفَحْمَةُ الْعِشَاءِ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ ثُمَّ التَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَالَ هَكَذَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَعَلَ وَقَالَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْأَسَدِيِّ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to delay the Dhuhr prayer until the time of Asr (mid-afternoon) when he would be traveling. Then he would combine them (Dhuhr and Asr). If the sun set before he could start the Dhuhr prayer, he would pray it first and then continue his journey. And in a narration from Ibn Abdullah, it is stated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would combine the remaining prayers together.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَزِيغَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ إِلَى وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَإِنْ زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ وَالْبَاقِي سَوَاءٌ

"If the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wanted to travel quickly, he would delay Zuhr until the time of 'Asr and combine them, and he would delay Maghrib until he combined it with 'Isha' when the twilight had disappeared." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 594)

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِ السَّيْرُ يُؤَخِّرُ الظُّهْرَ إِلَى أَوَّلِ وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ فَيَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَيُؤَخِّرُ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْعِشَاءِ حِينَ يَغِيبُ الشَّفَقُ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to delay the Dhuhr prayer when he wanted to combine it with the Asr prayer while traveling, until the beginning of the Asr prayer time.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فِي السَّفَرِ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى يَدْخُلَ أَوَّلُ وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ

[Machine] About Anas ibn Malik, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , when he was traveling, he would combine the Dhuhr and Asr prayers together, then he would begin his journey.

عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ فَزَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلَ

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ combined Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha prayers during the year of Tabuk. Uthman ibn Umar was the only one who did this, and others narrated it from Thawri from Abu Zubair from Abu Tufail.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ عَامَ تَبُوكَ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ هَكَذَا وَرَوَاهُ غَيْرُهُ عَنِ الثَّوْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gathered the companions in the expedition of Tabuk between the times of midday and afternoon, and between the times of sunset and nightfall.

جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَبَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] "That Muadh ibn Jabal informed them that they went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for the Battle of Tabuk. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would combine Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha prayers, then delay one prayer and go out and offer Zuhr and Asr prayers, then enter (his house), then go out and offer Maghrib and Isha prayers together. They are both reported in the same wording of the narration."

أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ ؓ أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ غَزْوَةَ تَبُوكَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ وَأَخَّرَ الصَّلَاةَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ جَمِيعًا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِمَا سَوَاءٌ

On the expedition to Tabuk if the sun had passed the meridian before the apostle of Allah ﷺ moved off, he combined the noon and the afternoon prayers; but if he moved off before the sun had passed the meridian, he delayed the noon prayer till he halted for the afternoon prayer. He acted similarly for the sunset prayer; if the sun set before he moved off, he combined the sunset and the night prayers, but if he moved off before sunset, he delayed the sunset prayer till he halted for the night prayer and then combined them. Abu Dawud said: Hisham b. 'Urwah narrated this tradition from Husain b. 'Abd Allah, from Kuraib on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas from the Prophet ﷺ like the tradition narrated by Mufaddal and al-Laith. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1208)

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ إِذَا زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَإِنْ يَرْتَحِلْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَزِيغَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ لِلْعَصْرِ وَفِي الْمَغْرِبِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ إِنْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ وَإِنِ ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ لِلْعِشَاءِ ثُمَّ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا

[Machine] It is narrated that the Prophet ﷺ, during the Battle of Tabuk, would delay Dhuhr prayer until just before Asr prayer, so that he could combine them and pray them together. And when he traveled after the declining of the sun, he would pray Dhuhr and Asr prayers together, then he would continue on. And if he traveled before Maghrib, he would delay Maghrib prayer until he could pray it with Isha prayer. But if he traveled after Maghrib, he would hasten to pray Isha with Maghrib prayer. Qutaybah ibn Sa'id, from Laith, from Yazid 5529, reported that Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Hafiz said: I heard Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Imran al-Faqih al-Saydalani saying: I heard Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Khuzaymah saying: I heard Salih ibn Hafsawayh, the man of the hadith from Naysabur, saying: I heard Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari saying: I said to Qutaybah ibn Sa'id, "With whom did you record the hadith of Yazid ibn Abu Habib, from Abu al-Tufail?" He replied, "I recorded it with Khalid al-Mada'ini." Muhammad ibn Isma'il said, "And Khalid al-Mada'ini is the one who includes these hadith in his book on elderly narrators." The Sheikh said, "And it is only the narration of Yazid ibn Abu Habib from Abu al-Tufail that they criticized, but as for the narration of Abu al-Zubayr from Abu al-Tufail, it is preserved and authentic."

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ زَيْغِ الشَّمْسِ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَهَا إِلَى الْعَصْرِ فَيُصَلِّيَهُمَا جَمِيعًا وَإِذَا ارْتَحَلَ بَعْدَ زَيْغِ الشَّمْسِ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَارَ وَكَانَ إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَهَا مَعَ الْعِشَاءِ وَإِذَا ارْتَحَلَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ عَجَّلَ الْعِشَاءَ فَصَلَّاهَا مَعَ الْمَغْرِبِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ لَيْثٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ 5529 أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ الْفَقِيهَ الصَّيْدَلَانِيَّ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ صَالِحَ بْنَ حَفْصَوَيْهِ نَيْسَابُورِيٌّ صَاحِبُ حَدِيثٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيَّ يَقُولُ قُلْتُ لِقُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ مَعَ مَنْ كَتَبْتَ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ حَدِيثَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ؟ فَقَالَ كَتَبْتُهُ مَعَ خَالِدٍ الْمَدَائِنِيِّ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ وَكَانَ خَالِدٌ الْمَدَائِنِيُّ هَذَا يُدْخِلُ الْأَحَادِيثَ عَلَى الشُّيُوخِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَإِنَّمَا أَنْكَرُوا مِنْ هَذَا رِوَايَةَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ فَأَمَّا رِوَايَةُ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ فَهِيَ مَحْفُوظَةٌ صَحِيحَةٌ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to combine the Dhuhr and Asr prayers when the sun had set and he was still in his house, and he would combine the Maghrib and Isha prayers when the sun had disappeared and he was still in his house. And if he did not leave his house until it was time for Asr, he would combine the Dhuhr and Asr prayers, and if he did not leave his house until it was dark, he would combine the Maghrib and Isha prayers. This narration was reported by Hajjaj ibn Muhammad from Ibn Jurayj, who said: Husayn informed me, and Husayn heard it from both of them.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَهُوَ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَإِذَا لَمْ تَزَلْ حَتَّى يَرْتَحِلَ سَارَ حَتَّى إِذَا دَخَلَ وَقْتُ الْعَصْرِ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ وَإِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَهُوَ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ وَإِذَا لَمْ تَغِبْ حَتَّى يَرْتَحِلَ سَارَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَى الْعَتَمَةَ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ وَرَوَاهُ حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي حُسَيْنٌ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَكَانَ حُسَيْنٌ سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعًا فَقَدْ

[Machine] Regarding the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during travel? We said yes. He said, "When the sun declined in his dwelling place, he would combine Dhuhr and Asr before boarding. And if it did not decline in his dwelling place, he would travel until Asr time and then combine Dhuhr and Asr. And when the Maghrib time came in his dwelling place, he would combine it with Isha. And if it did not come in his dwelling place, he would continue his journey until Isha time and then combine them. Ali reported this, as did Abd al-Majid bin Abd al-Aziz from Ibn Jurayj from Hisham bin Urwah from Husayn from Kurayb from Ibn Abbas. It is possible that Ibn Jurayj heard it first from Hisham, as reported by Abd al-Razzaq and Hajjaj from Ibn Jurayj. The Shaykh reported that Muhammad bin Ajlan, Yazid bin al-Had, and Abu Uwais al-Madani also reported it from Husayn bin Abdullah. And Allah's help is sought.

عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السَّفَرِ؟ قُلْنَا بَلَى قَالَ كَانَ إِذَا زَاغَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ وَإِذَا لَمْ تَزِغْ لَهُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ سَارَ حَتَّى إِذَا حَانَتِ الْعَصْرُ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَإِذَا حَانَتْ لَهُ الْمَغْرِبُ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنِ الْعِشَاءِ وَإِذَا لَمْ تَحِنْ فِي مَنْزِلِهِ رَكِبَ حَتَّى إِذَا حَانَتِ الْعِشَاءُ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَاحْتَمَلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ سَمِعَهُ أَوَّلًا مِنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ كَقَوْلِ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ لَقِيَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ حُسَيْنًا فَسَمِعَهُ مِنْهُ كَقَوْلِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ وَحَجَّاجٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلَانَ وَيَزِيدَ بْنِ الْهَادِ وَأَبِي أُوَيْسٍ الْمَدَنِيِّ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ بِمَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ شَوَاهِدِهِ يَقْوَى وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would combine Dhuhr and Asr prayers while traveling, when he was on the back of his mount. And he would also combine Maghrib and Isha prayers.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فِي السَّفَرِ إِذَا كَانَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ سَيْرِهِ وَيَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] He used to, when he would descend to a dwelling during travel and the dwelling pleased him, stay in it until he gathered between noon and afternoon prayer. Then he would depart. If a dwelling did not present itself to him on the journey, he would delay the afternoon prayer until he reached the dwelling in which he desired to gather between the noon and afternoon prayers. Isma'il reported on 'Arim who reported from Hammad bin Zaid who reported from Ayyub who reported from Abu Qilabah who reported from Ibn Abbas, "I do not know this except as a narration that is elevated." 'Arim said, "Hammad narrated it to me in this manner." He said, "If he would travel and then descend to a dwelling that pleased him, he would stay in it until he gathered between noon and afternoon prayer."

أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا نَزَلَ مَنْزِلًا فِي السَّفَرِ فَأَعْجَبَهُ الْمَنْزِلُ أَقَامَ فِيهِ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ يَرْتَحِلَ فَإِذَا لَمْ يَتَهَيَّأْ لَهُ الْمَنْزِلُ مَدَّ فِي السَّفَرِ فَسَارَ فَأَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ الْمَنْزِلَ الَّذِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَجْمَعَ فِيهِ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ قَالَ وَثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَنْ عَارِمٍ ثنا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا مَرْفُوعًا قَالَ عَارِمٌ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَ بِهِ حَمَّادٌ قَالَ كَانَ إِذَا سَافَرَ فَنَزَلَ مَنْزِلًا فَأَعْجَبَهُ الْمَنْزِلُ أَقَامَ فِيهِ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ

[Machine] "If you are traveling, and a house is nearby, continue until you reach a place where you can stay overnight. But if you are descending, and there is an urgent matter, gather between the two houses and then depart."

إِذَا كُنْتُمْ سَائِرِينَ فَنَابَكُمُ الْمَنْزِلُ فَسِيرُوا حَتَّى تُصِيبُوا مَنْزِلًا تَجْمَعُونَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ نُزُولًا فَعَجِلَ بِكُمْ أَمْرٌ فَاجْمَعُوا بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ ارْتَحِلُوا

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ's sun disappeared in Makkah, and he gathered them together secretly, and we were informed of that from the narration of Al-Himmani from Abdul Aziz, and it was also narrated by Al-Ajlah from Abu Zubair, like that.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ غَابَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ بِمَكَّةَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِسَرِفَ وَرُوِّينَاهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْحِمَّانِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَرَوَاهُ الْأَجْلَحُ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ كَذَلِكَ

[Machine] Ten miles means the distance between Makkah and Sarif, and combining the prayers with the excuse of traveling is one of the well-known and commonly used practices among the companions and their followers, all agreed upon and confirmed by the Prophet ﷺ , then by his companions, and then by what the Muslims agreed upon in terms of combining the people at Arafah, then at Muzdalifah.

عَشَرَةُ أَمْيَالٍ يَعْنِي بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَسَرِفَ وَالْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ بِعُذْرِ السَّفَرِ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ الْمُسْتَعْمَلَةِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ الصَّحَابَةِ وَالتَّابِعِينَ ؓ أَجْمَعِينَ مَعَ الثَّابِتِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ عَنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ثُمَّ مَا أَجْمَعَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ جَمْعِ النَّاسِ بِعَرَفَةَ ثُمَّ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ

Salim told me, "ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar said, 'I saw Messenger of Allah ﷺ delaying the Maghrib prayer till he offered it along with the ʿIsha prayer whenever he was in a hurry during the journey.' " Salim said, "Abdullah bin ʿUmar used to do the same whenever he was in a hurry during the journey. After making the call for Iqama, for the Maghrib prayer he used to offer three rakʿat and then perform Taslim. After waiting for a short while, he would pronounce the Iqama for the ʿIsha' prayer and offer two rakʿat and perform Taslim. He never prayed any Nawafil in between the two prayers or after the ʿIsha' prayers till he got up in the middle of the night (for Tahajjud prayer)." (Using translation from Bukhārī 1109)

رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَعْجَلَهُ السَّيْرُ فِي السَّفَرِ يُؤَخِّرُ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْعِشَاءِ قَالَ سَالِمٌ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا أَعْجَلَهُ السَّيْرُ يُقِيمُ صَلَاةَ الْمَغْرِبِ فَيُصَلِّيهَا ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ ثُمَّ قَلَّ مَا يَلْبَثُ حَتَّى يُقِيمَ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ وَيُصَلِّيهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ يُسَلِّمُ وَلَا يُسَبِّحُ بَيْنَهُمَا بِرَكْعَةٍ وَلَا يُسَبِّحُ بَعْدَ الْعِشَاءِ بِسَجْدَةٍ حَتَّى يَقُومَ مِنْ جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ

[Machine] The sun set on him while he was on a journey, so he prayed it at al-'Aqeeq. Ath-Thawri narrated it from Yahya bin Sa'id and he added eight miles to it. Ibn Jurayj also narrated it from Yahya bin Sa'id and he added, "I said, 'What time is that?' He said, 'A third of the night has passed, or maybe a quarter of it."' Yazid bin Harun also narrated it from Yahya bin Sa'id, from Nafi', who said, "He set out a number of miles, then he camped and prayed." Yahya said, "Nafi' mentioned this Hadith to me another time, and he said, 'He set out near a quarter of the night had passed, then he camped and prayed.'"

غَرَبَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ بِذَاتِ الْجَيْشِ فَصَلَّاهَا بِالْعَقِيقِ وَرَوَاهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَزَادَ فِيهِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَمْيَالٍ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَزَادَ فِيهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ أِيُّ سَاعَةٍ تِلْكَ؟ قَالَ قَدْ ذَهَبَ ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ أَوْ رُبْعُهُ وَرَوَاهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ قَالَ فَسَارَ أَمْيَالًا ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى قَالَ يَحْيَى وَذَكَرَ لِي نَافِعٌ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَقَالَ سَارَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ رُبْعِ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى

[Machine] He used to combine prayers while traveling and say it is a recommended practice.

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ فِي السَّفَرِ وَيَقُولُ هِيَ سُنَّةٌ

[Machine] Saeed bin Zaid and Osama bin Zaid used to combine (their travel) between Dhuhr and Asr, and between Maghrib and Isha, when they were in a hurry.

كَانَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَأُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِمُ السَّيْرُ جَمَعَا بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَبَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] Yes, there is no problem with that. Have you not seen the people's prayer in Arafat?

نَعَمْ لَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى صَلَاةِ النَّاسِ بِعَرَفَةَ

[Machine] "Zaid ibn Aslam, Rabi'ah ibn Abi Abdur Rahman, Muhammad ibn Munkadir, and Abu Zinad reported regarding their sayings. They went to Al-Walid, who had sent for them to seek their opinion on a matter. They would gather between noon and afternoon when the sun disappeared."

عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ وَرَبِيعَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ وَأَبِي الزِّنَادِ فِي أَمْثَالٍ لَهُمْ خَرَجُوا إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ كَانَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ لِيَسْتَفْتِيَهُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَكَانُوا يَجْمَعُونَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ إِذَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ

[Machine] He said, "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , prayed Dhuhr and Asr together, and Maghrib and Isha together, without fear or travel." Malik said, "I think that was during rain." 5544 Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Hafiz told us, Abu Ali Al-Husayn bin Ali Al-Hafiz informed me, Ali bin Al-Husayn As-Saffar reported to us, Yahya bin Yahya said, "I read to Malik and he mentioned it in the same way, except that he did not mention the statement of Malik."

أَنَّهُ قَالَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا وَالْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ جَمِيعًا فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلَا سَفَرٍ قَالَ مَالِكٌ أَرَى ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي مَطَرٍ 5544 أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَ مَالِكٍ

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ observed the noon and afternoon prayers together in Medina without being in a state of fear or in a state of journey. (Abu Zubair said: I asked Sa'id [one of the narrators] why he did that. He said: I asked Ibn 'Abbas as you have asked me, and he replied that he [the Holy Prophet] wanted that no one among his Ummah should be put to [unnecessary] hardship.) (Using translation from Muslim 705b)

صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلَا سَفَرٍ قَالَ أَبُو الزُّبَيْرِ فَسَأَلْتُ سَعِيدًا لِمَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ سَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي فَقَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لَا يُحْرِجَ أَحَدًا مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ combined the Dhuhr and Asr prayers in Madinah without fear or travel.

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلَا سَفَرٍ

[Machine] I heard Ibn Abbas saying, "I prayed eight raka'at with the Prophet ﷺ , and seven raka'at with Ali." Sufyan narrated to us from Abu Zubair, from Sa'id bin Jubair, from Ibn Abbas, who said the same. So I asked Ibn Abbas, "Why did he do that?" He said, "He wanted to lighten the burden on his Ummah." Sufyan added in another narration from Abu Zubair, without fear or travel.

سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ يَقُولُ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثَمَانِيَ جَمِيعًا وَسَبْعًا جَمِيعًا وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ وَحَدَّثَنَا بِهِ سُفْيَانُ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مِثْلَهُ فَقُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لِمَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لَا يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ وَزَادَ سُفْيَانُ مَرَّةً فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلَا سَفَرٍ

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ combined the noon and afternoon prayers, and the sunset and night prayers at Medina without any danger and rain. He was asked: What did he intend by it ? He replied: He intended that his community might not fall into hardship. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1211)

جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلَا سَفَرٍ قُلْتُ لِمَ تَرَى يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ؟ قَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لَا يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gathered in a journey he traveled in the Battle of Tabuk, and he combined the Zhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha prayers. So I said to Ibn Abbas, what prompted him to do that? He said, he wanted to not burden his Ummah.

جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي سَفْرَةٍ سَافَرَهَا فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ فَقُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَا حَمَلَهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لَا يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah collected the prayers of Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha in the city of Madinah without fear or rain. It was said to him, "What did he intend by that?" He said, "He intended not to burden his nation." Waki' said in his narration, "Saeed said, I said to Ibn 'Abbas, 'Why did the Messenger of Allah do that?' He said, 'So as not to burden his nation.'"

جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلَا مَطَرٍ قِيلَ لَهُ فَمَاذَا أَرَادَ بِذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لَا يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ قَالَ وَكِيعٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَالَ سَعِيدٌ قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ لِمَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ كَيْلَا يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed seven and eight prayers in Medina, including Zuhr, Asr, Maghrib, and Isha.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى بِالْمَدِينَةِ سَبْعًا وَثَمَانِيًا الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ وَالْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ

[Machine] Abu Amr al-Adibi informed us that Abu Bakr al-Isma'ili informed us that Ja'far al-Firyabi narrated from Abu Bakr and Uthman, who said that Sufyan bin 'Uyaynah narrated to them, and Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us and Abu Muhammad bin Ziyad al-Adl informed me that Ahmad bin Mukram al-Burti narrated to us, who narrated from Ali bin al-Madinah, who narrated from Sufyan, who narrated from Amr bin Dinar, who said: "I heard Jabir bin Zaid saying, 'I prayed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ eight Rak'ahs altogether, and seven Rak'ahs altogether.' I said, 'O Abu Ash-Sha'tha', did he delay Dhuhr and hasten 'Asr, and delay Maghrib and hasten 'Isha?' He said, 'I think so.'"

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ أنبأ جَعْفَرٌ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُثْمَانُ قَالَا ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْعَدْلُ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُكْرَمٍ الْبِرْتِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثَمَانِيًا جَمِيعًا وَسَبْعًا جَمِيعًا قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا الشَّعْثَاءِ أَرَاهُ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ وَعَجَّلَ الْعَصْرَ وَأَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ وَعَجَّلَ الْعِشَاءَ قَالَ وَأَنَا أَظُنُّ ذَلِكَ

Ibn 'Abbas one day addressed us in the afternoon (after the afternoon prayer) till the sun disappeared and the stars appeared, and the people began to say: Prayer, prayer. A person from Banu Tamim came there. He neither slackened nor turned away, but (continued crying): Prayer, prayer. Ibn 'Abbas said: May you be deprived of your mother, do you teach me Sunnah? And then he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ combining the noon and afternoon prayers and the sunset and 'Isha' prayers. 'Abdullah b. Shaqiq said: Some doubt was created in my mind about it. So I came to Abu Huraira and asked him (about it) and he testified his assertion. (Using translation from Muslim 705g)

فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ لَا يَفْتُرُ الصَّلَاةَ الصَّلَاةَ فَقَالَ أَتُعَلِّمُنِي السُّنَّةَ لَا أُمَّ لَكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ شَقِيقٍ فَحَاكَ فِي صَدْرِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ فَسَأَلْتُهُ فَصَدَّقَ مَقَالَتَهُ

[Machine] Is there no mother to teach you how to pray? We used to gather between the prayers during the time of the Messenger of Allah.

لَا أُمَّ لَكَ تُعَلِّمُنَا بِالصَّلَاةِ؟ كُنَّا نَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ

[Machine] Ibn Abbas gathered them together during the rain before sunset.

أَنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي الْمَطَرِ قَبْلَ الشَّفَقِ

[Machine] Before twilight

قَبْلَ الشَّفَقِ

[Machine] "And Sa'id ibn Musayyib, 'Urwah ibn Zubayr, Abu Bakr ibn 'Abdul Rahman, and the scholars of that time used to pray with them and did not disapprove of that."

وَأَنَّ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَعُرْوَةَ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَأَبَا بَكْرِ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمَشْيَخَةَ ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ كَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَا يُنْكِرُونَ ذَلِكَ

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i in his Sunan Haramlah argues that excuse can be granted due to travel or rain. However, this is not a fixed ruling confirmed by Umar. The Sheik states that it is as Al-Shafi'i said, and the famous chain of transmission for this narration is what we have mentioned, but it is also a mursal narration from Abu Al-Alaya. He did not hear this from Umar. In another chain of transmission, it has been narrated that Al-Shafi'i referred to his text in some of his books.

الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي سُنَنِ حَرْمَلَةَ الْعُذْرُ يَكُونُ بِالسَّفَرِ وَالْمَطَرِ وَلَيْسَ هَذَا بِثَابِتٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ هُوَ مُرْسَلٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَالْإِسْنَادُ الْمَشْهُورُ لِهَذَا الْأَثَرِ مَا ذَكَرْنَا وَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ أَبُو الْعَالِيَةِ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ عُمَرَ ؓ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ بِإِسْنَادٍ آخَرَ قَدْ أَشَارَ الشَّافِعِيُّ إِلَى مَتْنِهِ فِي بَعْضِ كُتُبِهِ

[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , in his chain of narrators, the one who is not referred to.

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَنْ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: The combination of the prayers without a valid excuse is considered a major sin. This statement is from the narration of Nuaim. And in the narration of Ya'qub, whoever combines the prayers without a valid excuse has committed one of the major sins. Husayn ibn Qais Abu Ali Al-Rahbi, known as Hanash, singled out this narration and used it, but he is weak according to the scholars of narration and his report cannot be relied upon.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ نُعَيْمٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يَعْقُوبَ مَنْ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ مِنْ غَيْرِ عُذْرٍ فَقَدْ أَتَى بَابًا مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْكَبَائِرِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ حُسَيْنُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرَّحَبِيُّ الْمَعْرُوفُ بِحَنَشٍ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ النَّقْلِ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِخَبَرِهِ