from the Prophet ﷺ that he used to say, "allāhumma innī as'aluka al-hudá wa-al-tuqá wa-al-ʿafāfa wa-al-ghiná (O Allah, I ask You for guidance, tuqá (piety), chastity, and sufficiency."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ الْهُدَى وَالتُّقَى وَالْعَفَافَ وَالْغِنَى۔»  

I was behind the Prophet ﷺ one day when he said: 'O boy! I will teach you a statement: Be mindful of Allah and He will protect you. Be mindful of Allah and you will find Him before you. When you ask, ask Allah, and when you seek aid, seek Allah's aid. Know that if the entire creation were to gather together to do something to benefit you- you would never get any benefit except that Allah had written for you. And if they were to gather to do something to harm you- you would never be harmed except that Allah had written for you. The pens are lifted and the pages are dried.'"  

كُنْتُ خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ: «يَا غُلاَمُ، إِنِّي أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ: احْفَظِ اللَّهَ يَحْفَظْكَ، احْفَظِ اللَّهَ تَجِدْهُ تُجَاهَكَ، إِذَا سَأَلْتَ فَاسْأَلِ اللَّهَ، وَإِذَا اسْتَعَنْتَ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ۔ وَاعْلَمْ، أَنَّ الأُمَّةَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعَتْ عَلَى أَنْ يَنْفَعُوكَ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكَ إِلاَّ بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ لَكَ، وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَضُرُّوكَ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يَضُرُّوكَ إِلاَّ بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكَ: رُفِعَتِ الأَقْلاَمُ وَجَفَّتِ الصُّحُفُ۔»  

Anas said, "You all do ˹bad˺ deeds which seem insignificant in your eyes, like hair, while we used to consider those ˹deeds˺ as destructive during the life-time of the Prophet ﷺ."  

قَالَ: إِنَّكُمْ لَتَعْمَلُونَ أَعْمَالاً هِيَ أَدَقُّ فِي أَعْيُنِكُمْ مِنَ الشَّعَرِ إِنْ كُنَّا نَعُدُّهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْمُوبِقَاتِ۔  

the first man who discussed Qadar (Divine Decree) in Baṣrah was Maʿbad al-Juhanī. I along with Ḥumayd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Ḥimyarī set out for pilgrimage or for ʿUmrah and said: Should it so happen that we come into contact with one of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, we shall ask him about what is talked about Qadar. Accidentally we came across ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, while he was entering the mosque. My companion and I surrounded him. One of us ˹stood˺ on his right and the other stood on his left. I expected that my companion would authorize me to speak. I, therefore, said: Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, there have appeared some people in our land who recite the Quran and pursue knowledge. And then after talking about their affairs, added: They claim that there is no such thing as Qadar and events are not predestined. He said: When you happen to meet such people tell them that I have nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with me. And verily they are in no way responsible for my ˹belief˺. ʿAbdullāh b ʿUmar swore by Allah: If any one of them had with him gold equal to the bulk of ˹the mountain˺ Uḥud and spent it ˹for the sake of Allah˺, Allah would not accept it unless he affirmed his faith in the Qadar.

He further said: My father, ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb, told me: One day we were sitting in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when there appeared before us a man dressed in pure white clothes. His hair was extraordinarily black. There were no signs of travel on him. None amongst us recognized him. At last, he sat with the Prophet ﷺ. He knelt before him placed his palms on his thighs,

then said: Muhammad, inform me about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Islam implies that: (1) you testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and (2) you establish prayer, (3) pay Zakat, (4) observe the fast of Ramadan, and (5) perform pilgrimage to the (House) if you are solvent enough ˹to bear the expense of˺ the journey. ˹The inquirer˺ said: You have told the truth. ˹ʿUmar˺ said: It amazed us that he would put the question and then he would himself verify the truth.

˹The inquirer˺ said: Inform me about Iman (faith). He replied: That (1) you affirm your faith in Allah, (2) in His angels, (3) in His Books, (4) in His Apostles, (5) in the Day of Judgment, and (6) you affirm your faith in the Divine Decree about good and evil. ˹The inquirer˺ said: You have told the truth.

˹The inquirer˺ again said: Inform me about Iḥsān (excellence in deeds). He said: That (1) you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, (2) for though you don't see Him, He, verily, sees you.

˹The inquirer˺ again said: Inform me about the Hour (of the Last Day). He remarked: One who is asked knows no more than the one who is inquiring. ˹The inquirer˺ said: Tell me some of its indications. He said: That (1) the slave-girl will give birth to her mistress and master, that (2) you will find barefooted, destitute goat herders vying with one another in the construction of magnificent buildings.

˹ʿUmar˺ said: Then ˹the inquirer˺ went on his way but I stayed with (the Prophet) for a long while. He then, said to me: "ʿUmar, do you know who this inquirer was?" I replied: Allah and His Messenger know best. He remarked: "He was Jibrīl (Angel Gabriel). He came to you in order to teach you in your religion."  

كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ قَالَ فِي الْقَدَرِ بِالْبَصْرَةِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ۔ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْحِمْيَرِيُّ حَاجَّيْنِ أَوْ مُعْتَمِرَيْنِ، فَقُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ هَؤُلاَءِ فِي الْقَدَرِ۔ فَوُفِّقَ لَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ دَاخِلاً الْمَسْجِدَ فَاكْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي أَحَدُنَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَالآخَرُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ۔ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي سَيَكِلُ الْكَلاَمَ إِلَىَّ۔ فَقُلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: إِنَّهُ قَدْ ظَهَرَ قِبَلَنَا نَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَتَقَفَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ وَذَكَرَ مِنْ شَأْنِهِمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لاَ قَدَرَ، وَأَنَّ الأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ۔ قَالَ: فَإِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْهُمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ بُرَآءُ مِنِّي، وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ لأَحَدِهِمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ، مَا قَبِلَ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ۔

ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ: بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ، شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ۔ لاَ يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلاَ يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ۔ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ، وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ۔

وَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِسْلاَمِ۔ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «الإِسْلاَمُ (١) أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، (٢) وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ، (٣) وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ، (٤) وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ، (٥) وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً۔» قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ۔ قَالَ: فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ!

قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِيمَانِ۔ قَالَ: «أَنْ (١) تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ، (٢) وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ، (٣) وَكُتُبِهِ، (٤) وَرُسُلِهِ، (٥) وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ، (٦) وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ۔» قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ۔

قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِحْسَانِ۔ قَالَ: «أَنْ (١) تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، (٢) فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ۔»

قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ۔ قَالَ: «مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ۔» قَالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَتِهَا۔ قَالَ: «أَنْ تَلِدَ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا، وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ۔»

قَالَ: ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي: «يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ؟» قُلْتُ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ۔ قَالَ: «فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ۔»  

that Heraclius had sent a messenger to him while he had been accompanying a caravan from Quraish. They were merchants doing business in Shām (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, and Jordan), at the time when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had a truce with Abū Sufyān and the Quraysh. So Abū Sufyān and his companions went to Heraclius at Ilyāʾ (Jerusalem).

Heraclius called them in the court and he had all the senior Roman dignitaries around him. He called for his translator who, translating Heraclius's question said to them, "Who amongst you is closely related to that man who claims to be a Prophet?" Abū Sufyān replied, "I am the nearest relative to him (amongst the group)." Heraclius said, "Bring him (Abū Sufyān) close to me and make his companions stand behind him." Abu Sufyan added, Heraclius told his translator to tell my companions that he wanted to put some questions to me regarding that man (the Prophet ﷺ) and that if I told a lie they (my companions) should contradict me." Abu Sufyan added, "By Allah! Had I not been afraid of my companions labeling me a liar, I would not have spoken the truth about the Prophet.

(1) The first question he asked me about him was: 'What is his family status among you?' I replied, 'He belongs to a good (noble) family amongst us.'

(2) Heraclius further asked, 'Has anybody amongst you ever claimed the same (i.e. to be a Prophet) before him?' I replied, 'No.'

(3) He said, 'Was anybody amongst his ancestors a king?' I replied, 'No.'

(4) Heraclius asked, 'Do the nobles or the poor follow him?' I replied, 'It is the poor who follow him.'

(5) He said, 'Are his followers increasing or decreasing (day by day)?' I replied, 'They are increasing.'

(6) He then asked, 'Does anybody amongst those who embrace his religion become displeased and renounce the religion afterward?' I replied, 'No.'

(7) Heraclius said, 'Have you ever accused him of telling lies before his claim (to be a Prophet)?' I replied, 'No. '

(8) Heraclius said, 'Does he break his promises?' I replied, 'No. We are at truce with him but we do not know what he will do in it.' I could not find an opportunity to say anything against him except that.

(9) Heraclius asked, 'Have you ever had a war with him?' I replied, 'Yes.'

(10) Then he said, 'What was the outcome of the battles?' I replied, 'Sometimes he was victorious, and sometimes we.'

(11) Heraclius said, 'What does he order you to do?' I said, 'He tells us to worship Allah and Allah alone and not to worship anything along with Him, and to renounce all that our ancestors had said. He orders us to pray, to speak the truth, to be chaste, and to keep good relations with our kith and kin.'

Heraclius asked the translator to convey to me the following:

(1) I asked you about his family and your reply was that he belonged to a very noble family. In fact, all the Apostles come from noble families amongst their respective peoples.

(2) I questioned you whether anybody else amongst you claimed such a thing, your reply was in the negative. If the answer had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man was following the previous man's statement.

(3) Then I asked you whether anyone of his ancestors was a king. Your reply was in the negative, and if it had been in the affirmative, I would have thought that this man wanted to take back his ancestral kingdom.

(7) I further asked whether he was ever accused of telling lies before he said what he said, and your reply was in the negative. So I wondered how a person who does not tell a lie about others could ever tell a lie about Allah.

(4) I, then asked you whether the rich people followed him or the poor. You replied that it was the poor who followed him. And in fact, all the Apostles have been followed by this very class of people.

(5) Then I asked you whether his followers were increasing or decreasing. You replied that they were increasing, and in fact, this is the way of true faith, till it is complete in all respects.

(6) I further asked you whether there was anybody, who, after embracing his religion, became displeased and discarded his religion. Your reply was in the negative, and in fact, this is (the sign of) true faith, when its delight enters the hearts and mixes with them completely.

(8) I asked you whether he had ever betrayed. You replied in the negative and likewise, the Apostles never betray.

(11) Then I asked you what he ordered you to do. You replied that he ordered you to worship Allah and Allah alone and not to worship anything along with Him and forbade you to worship idols and ordered you to pray, to speak the truth, and to be chaste. If what you have said is true, he will very soon occupy this place underneath my feet and I knew it (from the scriptures) that he was going to appear but I did not know that he would be from you, and if I could reach him definitely, I would go immediately to meet him and if I were with him, I would certainly wash his feet.'

Heraclius then asked for the letter addressed by Allah's Apostle which was delivered by Diḥyah to the Governor of Busra, who forwarded it to Heraclius to read. The contents of the letter were as follows: "In the name of Allah the Beneficent, the Merciful. (This letter is) from Muḥammad, the servant of Allah and His Apostle to Heraclius, the ruler of Byzantine. Peace be upon him, who follows the right path. Furthermore, I invite you to Islam, and if you become a Muslim you will be safe, and Allah will double your reward, and if you reject this invitation of Islam you will be committing a sin of Arisiyin (tillers, farmers i.e. your people). And (Allah's Statement:) 'O people of the scripture! Come to a word common to you and us that we worship none but Allah and that we associate nothing in worship with Him, and that none of us shall take others as Lords beside Allah. Then, if they turn away, say: Bear witness that we are Muslims (those who have surrendered to Allah).' (Āl ʿImrān 3:64).

Abū Sufyān then added, "When Heraclius had finished his speech and had read the letter, there was a great hue and cry in the Royal Court. So we were turned out of the court. I told my companions that the question of Ibn Abī Kabshah (the Prophet ﷺ Muhammad) has become so prominent that even the King of Banū al-Aṣfar (Byzantine) is afraid of him. Then I started to become sure that he (the Prophet) would be the conqueror in the near future till I embraced Islam (i.e. Allah guided me to it)."

The sub-narrator adds, "Ibn al-Natur was the Governor of llyāʾ (Jerusalem) and Heraclius was the head of the Christians of Sham. Ibn al-Natur narrates that once while Heraclius was visiting ilya' (Jerusalem), he got up in the morning in a sad mood. Some of his priests asked him why he was in that mood. Heraclius was a foreteller and an astrologer. He replied, 'At night when I looked at the stars, I saw that the leader of those who practice circumcision had appeared (become the conqueror). Who are they who practice circumcision?' The people replied, 'Except for the Jews nobody practices circumcision, so you should not be afraid of them (Jews). 'Just issue orders to kill every Jew present in the country.' While they were discussing it, a messenger sent by the king of Ghassān to convey the news of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to Heraclius was brought in. Having heard the news, he (Heraclius) ordered the people to go and see whether the messenger of Ghassān was circumcised. The people, after seeing him, told Heraclius that he was circumcised. Heraclius then asked him about the Arabs. The messenger replied, 'Arabs also practice circumcision.' (After hearing that) Heraclius remarked that the sovereignty of the 'Arabs had appeared. Heraclius then wrote a letter to his friend in Rome who was as good as Heraclius in knowledge. Heraclius then left for Homs (a town in Syria) and stayed there till he received the reply to his letter from his friend who agreed with him in his opinion about the emergence of the Prophet ﷺ and the fact that he was a Prophet. On that, Heraclius invited all the heads of the Byzantines to assemble in his palace in Homs. When they assembled, he ordered that all the doors of his palace be closed. Then he came out and said, 'O Byzantines! If success is your desire and if you seek the right guidance and want your empire to remain then give a pledge of allegiance to this Prophet.' (On hearing the views of Heraclius) the people ran towards the gates of the palace like onagers but found the doors closed. Heraclius realized their hatred towards Islam and when he lost hope of their embracing Islam, he ordered that they should be brought back in audience. (When they returned) he said, 'What was already said was just to test the strength of your conviction and I have seen it.' The people prostrated before him and became pleased with him, and this was the end of Heraclius's story.

أَنَّ هِرَقْلَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فِي رَكْبٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ۔ وَكَانُوا تُجَّارًا بِالشَّأْمِ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَادَّ فِيهَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَكُفَّارَ قُرَيْشٍ۔ فَأَتَوْهُ وَهُمْ بِإِيلِيَاءَ۔

فَدَعَاهُمْ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ وَحَوْلَهُ عُظَمَاءُ الرُّومِ ثُمَّ دَعَاهُمْ، وَدَعَا بِتَرْجُمَانِهِ۔ فَقَالَ: أَيُّكُمْ أَقْرَبُ نَسَبًا بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقُلْتُ: أَنَا أَقْرَبُهُمْ نَسَبًا۔ فَقَالَ: أَدْنُوهُ مِنِّي وَقَرِّبُوا أَصْحَابَهُ فَاجْعَلُوهُمْ عِنْدَ ظَهْرِهِ۔ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِتَرْجُمَانِهِ: قُلْ لَهُمْ إِنِّي سَائِلٌ هَذَا عَنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ، فَإِنْ كَذَبَنِي فَكَذِّبُوهُ، فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْلاَ الْحَيَاءُ مِنْ أَنْ يَأْثِرُوا عَلَىَّ كَذِبًا لَكَذَبْتُ عَنْهُ۔ ثُمَّ كَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا سَأَلَنِي عَنْهُ أَنْ

(١) قَالَ: كَيْفَ نَسَبُهُ فِيكُمْ؟ قُلْتُ: هُوَ فِينَا ذُو نَسَبٍ۔

(٢) قَالَ: فَهَلْ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ قَطُّ قَبْلَهُ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ۔

(٣) قَالَ: فَهَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ۔

(٤) قَالَ: فَأَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ يَتَّبِعُونَهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ؟ فَقُلْتُ: بَلْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ۔

(٥) قَالَ: أَيَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ؟ قُلْتُ: بَلْ يَزِيدُونَ۔

(٦) قَالَ: فَهَلْ يَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ۔

(٧) قَالَ: فَهَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ۔

(٨) قَالَ: فَهَلْ يَغْدِرُ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ، وَنَحْنُ مِنْهُ فِي مُدَّةٍ لاَ نَدْرِي مَا هُوَ فَاعِلٌ فِيهَا۔ قَالَ: وَلَمْ تُمْكِنِّي كَلِمَةٌ أُدْخِلُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا غَيْرُ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةِ۔

(٩) قَالَ: فَهَلْ قَاتَلْتُمُوهُ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ۔

(١٠) قَالَ: فَكَيْفَ كَانَ قِتَالُكُمْ إِيَّاهُ؟ قُلْتُ: الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ سِجَالٌ يَنَالُ مِنَّا وَنَنَالُ مِنْهُ۔

(١١) قَالَ: مَاذَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ؟ قُلْتُ: يَقُولُ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا، وَاتْرُكُوا مَا يَقُولُ آبَاؤُكُمْ وَيَأْمُرُنَا بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ وَالصِّلَةِ۔

فَقَالَ لِلتَّرْجُمَانِ قُلْ لَهُ:

(١) سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ نَسَبِهِ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنَّهُ فِيكُمْ ذُو نَسَبٍ، فَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ تُبْعَثُ فِي نَسَبِ قَوْمِهَا۔

(٢) وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ قَالَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَقُلْتُ لَوْ كَانَ أَحَدٌ قَالَ هَذَا الْقَوْلَ قَبْلَهُ لَقُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَأْتَسِي بِقَوْلٍ قِيلَ قَبْلَهُ۔

(٣) وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنْ لاَ، قُلْتُ فَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ آبَائِهِ مِنْ مَلِكٍ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ يَطْلُبُ مُلْكَ أَبِيهِ۔

(٧) وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ كُنْتُمْ تَتَّهِمُونَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقُولَ مَا قَالَ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنْ لاَ، فَقَدْ أَعْرِفُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيَذَرَ الْكَذِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ وَيَكْذِبَ عَلَى اللَّهِ۔

(٤) وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَشْرَافُ النَّاسِ اتَّبَعُوهُ أَمْ ضُعَفَاؤُهُمْ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنَّ ضُعَفَاءَهُمُ اتَّبَعُوهُ، وَهُمْ أَتْبَاعُ الرُّسُلِ۔

(٥) وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَيَزِيدُونَ أَمْ يَنْقُصُونَ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنَّهُمْ يَزِيدُونَ، وَكَذَلِكَ أَمْرُ الإِيمَانِ حَتَّى يَتِمَّ۔

(٦) وَسَأَلْتُكَ أَيَرْتَدُّ أَحَدٌ سَخْطَةً لِدِينِهِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنْ لاَ، وَكَذَلِكَ الإِيمَانُ حِينَ تُخَالِطُ بَشَاشَتُهُ الْقُلُوبَ۔

(٨) وَسَأَلْتُكَ هَلْ يَغْدِرُ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنْ لاَ، وَكَذَلِكَ الرُّسُلُ لاَ تَغْدِرُ۔

(١١) وَسَأَلْتُكَ بِمَا يَأْمُرُكُمْ فَذَكَرْتَ أَنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ عِبَادَةِ الأَوْثَانِ وَيَأْمُرُكُمْ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَالصِّدْقِ وَالْعَفَافِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ مَا تَقُولُ حَقًّا فَسَيَمْلِكُ مَوْضِعَ قَدَمَىَّ هَاتَيْنِ، وَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ خَارِجٌ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ مِنْكُمْ، فَلَوْ أَنِّي أَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أَخْلُصُ إِلَيْهِ لَتَجَشَّمْتُ لِقَاءَهُ، وَلَوْ كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ لَغَسَلْتُ عَنْ قَدَمِهِ۔

ثُمَّ دَعَا بِكِتَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّذِي بَعَثَ بِهِ دِحْيَةُ إِلَى عَظِيمِ بُصْرَى فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ فَقَرَأَهُ فَإِذَا فِيهِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إِلَى هِرَقْلَ عَظِيمِ الرُّومِ سَلاَمٌ عَلَى مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَى أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ بِدِعَايَةِ الإِسْلاَمِ أَسْلِمْ تَسْلَمْ يُؤْتِكَ اللَّهُ أَجْرَكَ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّيْتَ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ إِثْمَ الأَرِيسِيِّينَ وَ{يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ تَعَالَوْا إِلَى كَلِمَةٍ سَوَاءٍ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ لاَ نَعْبُدَ إِلاَّ اللَّهَ وَلاَ نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَلاَ يَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُنَا بَعْضًا أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُولُوا اشْهَدُوا بِأَنَّا مُسْلِمُونَ}

قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا قَالَ مَا قَالَ وَفَرَغَ مِنْ قِرَاءَةِ الْكِتَابِ كَثُرَ عِنْدَهُ الصَّخَبُ وَارْتَفَعَتِ الأَصْوَاتُ وَأُخْرِجْنَا فَقُلْتُ لأَصْحَابِي حِينَ أُخْرِجْنَا لَقَدْ أَمِرَ أَمْرُ ابْنِ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ إِنَّهُ يَخَافُهُ مَلِكُ بَنِي الأَصْفَرِ فَمَا زِلْتُ مُوقِنًا أَنَّهُ سَيَظْهَرُ حَتَّى أَدْخَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىَّ الإِسْلاَمَ۔وَكَانَ ابْنُ النَّاظُورِ صَاحِبُ إِيلِيَاءَ وَهِرَقْلَ سُقُفًّا عَلَى نَصَارَى الشَّأْمِ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ هِرَقْلَ حِينَ قَدِمَ إِيلِيَاءَ أَصْبَحَ يَوْمًا خَبِيثَ النَّفْسِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ بَطَارِقَتِهِ قَدِ اسْتَنْكَرْنَا هَيْئَتَكَ قَالَ ابْنُ النَّاظُورِ وَكَانَ هِرَقْلُ حَزَّاءً يَنْظُرُ فِي النُّجُومِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ حِينَ سَأَلُوهُ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ اللَّيْلَةَ حِينَ نَظَرْتُ فِي النُّجُومِ مَلِكَ الْخِتَانِ قَدْ ظَهَرَ فَمَنْ يَخْتَتِنُ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ قَالُوا لَيْسَ يَخْتَتِنُ إِلاَّ الْيَهُودُ فَلاَ يُهِمَّنَّكَ شَأْنُهُمْ وَاكْتُبْ إِلَى مَدَايِنِ مُلْكِكَ فَيَقْتُلُوا مَنْ فِيهِمْ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِهِمْ أُتِيَ هِرَقْلُ بِرَجُلٍ أَرْسَلَ بِهِ مَلِكُ غَسَّانَ يُخْبِرُ عَنْ خَبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا اسْتَخْبَرَهُ هِرَقْلُ قَالَ اذْهَبُوا فَانْظُرُوا أَمُخْتَتِنٌ هُوَ أَمْ لاَ فَنَظَرُوا إِلَيْهِ فَحَدَّثُوهُ أَنَّهُ مُخْتَتِنٌ وَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْعَرَبِ فَقَالَ هُمْ يَخْتَتِنُونَ فَقَالَ هِرَقْلُ هَذَا مَلِكُ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ قَدْ ظَهَرَ ثُمَّ كَتَبَ هِرَقْلُ إِلَى صَاحِبٍ لَهُ بِرُومِيَةَ وَكَانَ نَظِيرَهُ فِي الْعِلْمِ وَسَارَ هِرَقْلُ إِلَى حِمْصَ فَلَمْ يَرِمْ حِمْصَ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ كِتَابٌ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ يُوَافِقُ رَأْىَ هِرَقْلَ عَلَى خُرُوجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ فَأَذِنَ هِرَقْلُ لِعُظَمَاءِ الرُّومِ فِي دَسْكَرَةٍ لَهُ بِحِمْصَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِأَبْوَابِهَا فَغُلِّقَتْ ثُمَّ اطَّلَعَ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الرُّومِ هَلْ لَكُمْ فِي الْفَلاَحِ وَالرُّشْدِ وَأَنْ يَثْبُتَ مُلْكُكُمْ فَتُبَايِعُوا هَذَا النَّبِيَّ فَحَاصُوا حَيْصَةَ حُمُرِ الْوَحْشِ إِلَى الأَبْوَابِ فَوَجَدُوهَا قَدْ غُلِّقَتْ فَلَمَّا رَأَى هِرَقْلُ نَفْرَتَهُمْ وَأَيِسَ مِنَ الإِيمَانِ قَالَ رُدُّوهُمْ عَلَىَّ وَقَالَ إِنِّي قُلْتُ مَقَالَتِي آنِفًا أَخْتَبِرُ بِهَا شِدَّتَكُمْ عَلَى دِينِكُمْ فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ فَسَجَدُوا لَهُ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ آخِرَ شَأْنِ هِرَقْلَ  

that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Who sought martyrdom with sincerity will be ranked by Allah among the martyrs even if he died on his bed."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ سَأَلَ اللَّهَ الشَّهَادَةَ بِصِدْقٍ بَلَّغَهُ اللَّهُ مَنَازِلَ الشُّهَدَاءِ وَإِنْ مَاتَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ۔»  

The Prophet ﷺ never fasted in any month more than in the month of Sha'ban.

He used to say, "Do those deeds which you can do easily, as Allah will not get tired (of giving rewards) till you get bored and tired (of performing religious deeds)." The most beloved prayer to the Prophet ﷺ was the one that was done regularly (throughout the life) even if it were little. And whenever the Prophet ﷺ offered a prayer he used to offer it regularly.  

لَمْ يَكُنِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَصُومُ شَهْرًا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ كُلَّهُ

وَكَانَ يَقُولُ خُذُوا مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مَا تُطِيقُونَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَمَلُّ حَتَّى تَمَلُّوا وَأَحَبُّ الصَّلاَةِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَا دُووِمَ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ قَلَّتْ وَكَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى صَلاَةً دَاوَمَ عَلَيْهَا  

He (al-Bāhilī) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then went away and came back to him after a year, and his condition and appearance had changed. He said, “O Messenger of Allah, do you not recognize me?” He said, “Who are you?” He said, “I am the al-Bāhilī who came to you last year.” He said, “What has changed you, when you used to be of good appearance?” He said, “I have not eaten any food except at night since I left you.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, “Why have you tortured yourself?”

Then he said, “Fast the month of patience (i.e. Ramaḍān), and one day from every month.” He said, “Increase it for me, for I have strength.” He said, “Fast two days.” He said, “Increase it for me.” He said, “Fast three days.” He said, “Increase it for me.” He said, “Fast during the sacred months and leave off; fast during the sacred months and leave off; fast during the sacred months and leave off.” And he gestured with his three fingers, drawing them together and then releasing them.  

أَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَأَتَاهُ بَعْدَ سَنَةٍ وَقَدْ تَغَيَّرَتْ حَالَتُهُ وَهَيْئَتُهُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَا تَعْرِفُنِي؟ قَالَ: «وَمَنْ أَنْتَ؟» قَالَ: أَنَا الْبَاهِلِيُّ الَّذِي جِئْتُكَ عَامَ الأَوَّلِ۔ قَالَ: «فَمَا غَيَّرَكَ وَقَدْ كُنْتَ حَسَنَ الْهَيْئَةِ؟» قَالَ: مَا أَكَلْتُ طَعَامًا إِلاَّ بِلَيْلٍ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتُكَ۔ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «لِمَ عَذَّبْتَ نَفْسَكَ؟»

ثُمَّ قَالَ: «صُمْ شَهْرَ الصَّبْرِ، وَيَوْمًا مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ۔» قَالَ: زِدْنِي فَإِنَّ بِي قُوَّةً۔ قَالَ: «صُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ۔» قَالَ: زِدْنِي۔ قَالَ: «صُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ۔» قَالَ: زِدْنِي۔ قَالَ: «صُمْ مِنَ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُكْ، صُمْ مِنَ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُكْ، صُمْ مِنَ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُكْ۔» وَقَالَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ الثَّلاَثَةِ فَضَمَّهَا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَهَا  

A man from among the Muslims came from the land of Yemen and said to ʿUmar: “In Yemen I have seen something they call ‘dating’ (the calendar): they write ‘from such-and-such a year and such-and-such a month.’” ʿUmar said: “This is good—so date your documents.”

When he had resolved to establish a dating system, he consulted them. Some said: “From the Prophet’s ﷺ birth.” Others said: “From the beginning of his mission.” Others said: “From the time he set out as an emigrant from Makkah.” And one said: “From the time of his death, when he passed away.” Some said: “Date it from his departure from Makkah to Medinah.”

Then he said: “With what shall we begin, so that we make it the first of the year?” They said: “Rajab, for the people of the pre-Islamic period used to venerate it.” Others said: “The month of Ramadan.” Some said: “Dhu al-Hijjah.” Others said: “The month in which he departed from Makkah.” Others said: “The month in which he arrived.” Then ʿUthmān said: “Date it from Muharram as the first of the year. It is a sacred month; it is the first of the months in the reckoning; and it is when people return from the Hajj. So make Muharram the first of the year.” That was in the year 17 AH, and it is also said: 16 AH, in Rabiʿ al-Awwal.  

"أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَدِمَ "مِنْ" أَرْضِ اليَمَنِ فَقَالَ لِعُمَرَ: رَأَيْتُ باليَمَنِ شَيْئًا يُسَمُّونَهُ التَّارِيخَ، يَكْتُبُونَ مِنْ عَامِ كَذَا، وَشَهْرِ كَذَا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: إِنَّ هَذَا لَحَسَنٌ فَأرِّخُوا،

فَلَمَّا أجْمَعَ "عَلَى" أَنْ يُؤَرِّخَ شَاوَرَهُمْ، فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: بِمَوْلِدِ النَّبِىِّ ﷺ ، وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: بِالمَبْعَثِ، وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: حِينَ خَرَجَ مُهَاجِرًا مِنْ مَكَّةَ، وَقَالَ قَائِلٌ لوفاته حِينَ تُوفِّى، فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: أَرِّخُوا خُرُوجَهُ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ،

ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِأىِّ شَىْءٍ نَبْدَأُ فَنُصَيِّرُهُ أَوَّلَ السَّنَةِ؟ فَقَالُوا: رَجَبٌ فَإنَّ أَهلَ الجَاهِلِيَّة كَانُوا يعظمونه، وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: ذُو الحِجَّةِ، وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: الشَّهْرُ الَّذِى خَرَجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ، وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: الشَّهْرُ الَّذِى قَدِمَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ: أرِّخوا مِنَ المُحَرَّم أَوَّلَ السَّنَةِ، وَهُوَ شَهرٌ حَرَامٌ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ الشُّهُورِ في العِدَّةِ، وَهُوَ مُنْصَرَفُ النَّاسِ مِنَ الحَجِّ، فَصَيِّرُوا أَوَّلَ السَّنَةِ المُحَرَّمَ، وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ سَنَةَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ، وَيُقَالُ: سِتَّ عَشْرَةَ في رَبِيعٍ الأَوَّلِ".  

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, as ˹the month of˺ Rajab entered, used to say, "O Allah, bless us in ˹the months of˺ Rajab and Shaʿbān, and let us reach ˹the month of˺ Ramaḍān."  

كَانَ رَسُولُ الله ﷺ إِذَا دَخَلَ رَجَب قَالَ: «اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا في رَجَبٍ وَشَعْبَانَ وَبَلِّغْنَا رَمَضَانَ۔»  

They used to travel frequently toward this House. They said: We came upon a man from the desert-dwellers, and the Bedouin said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took my hand and began teaching me from what Allah had taught him, and he said: “You will not give up anything out of fear of Allah except that Allah will give you something better than it.”  

كَانَا يُكْثِرَانِ السَّفَرَ نَحْوَ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ قَالَا أَتَيْنَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ فَقَالَ الْبَدَوِيُّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَعَلَ يُعَلِّمُنِي مِمَّا عَلَّمَهُ اللهُ وَقَالَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَدَعَ شَيْئًا اتِّقَاءَ اللهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَاكَ اللهُ خَيْرًا مِنْهُ  

We came upon a man from among the desert-dwellers and said, “Have you heard anything from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?” He said, “Yes, I heard him say: ‘You will not give up anything for Allah except that Allah will replace it for you with something better for you than it.’”  

أَتَيْنَا عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ فَقُلْنَا هَلْ سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ «إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَدَعَ شَيْئًا لِلَّهِ إِلَّا بَدَّلَكَ اللهُ بِهِ مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْهُ»  

A black man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am a black man with a foul odor and an ugly face, and I have no wealth. If I fight these people ˹in the path of Allah˺ until I am killed, where will I be?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "In Paradise." So he fought until he was killed.

Then the Prophet ﷺ came to him and said, "Allah has enlightened your face, sweetened your fragrance, and increased your wealth." And he said to him or to someone else, "I have seen his wife from the beautiful black-eyed maidens stripping off her garment of silk to cover him.  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَسْوَدَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ مُنْتِنُ الرِّيحِ قَبِيحُ الْوَجْهِ لَا مَالَ لِي فَإِنْ أَنَا قَاتَلْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ حَتَّى أُقْتَلَ فَأَيْنَ أَنَا؟ قَالَ «فِي الْجَنَّةِ» فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ فَأَتَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «قَدْ بَيَّضَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَكَ وَطَيَّبَ رِيحَكَ وَأَكْثَرَ مَالَكَ» وَقَالَ لِهَذَا أَوْ لِغَيْرِهِ «لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ زَوْجَتَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ نَازَعَتْهُ جُبَّةً لَهُ مِنْ صُوفٍ تَدْخُلُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ جُبَّتِهِ»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The strong believer is better and more beloved to Allah than the weak believer, though there is good in both. Be keen on what benefits you, seek help from Allah, and do not give up.

If something befalls you, do not say, ‘If only I had done such-and-such, then such-and-such would have happened.’ Rather say, ‘Allah has decreed it, and whatever He wills, He does,’ for ‘if only’ opens the door to the work of Satan.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْقَوِيُّ خَيْرٌ وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ الضَّعِيفِ وَفِي كُلٍّ خَيْرٌ احْرِصْ عَلَى مَا يَنْفَعُكَ وَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللَّهِ وَلاَ تَعْجِزْ

وَإِنْ أَصَابَكَ شَىْءٌ فَلاَ تَقُلْ لَوْ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُ كَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَلَكِنْ قُلْ قَدَرُ اللَّهِ وَمَا شَاءَ فَعَلَ فَإِنَّ لَوْ تَفْتَحُ عَمَلَ الشَّيْطَانِ  

Three are the (persons) with whom Allah would neither speak on the Day of Resurrection, nor would look at them nor would absolve the and there is a painful chastisement for them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ repeated it three times. Abu Dharr remarked: They failed and they lost; who are these persons, Messenger of Allah? Upon this he (the Holy) Prophet) observed: They are: (2) the one who does isbal (drags the lower garment below the ankles), (2) the one who recounts favors, and (3) the seller of goods by false oath.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلاَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ وَلاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ قَالَ فَقَرَأَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَلاَثَ مِرَارٍ قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ خَابُوا وَخَسِرُوا مَنْ هُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ الْمُسْبِلُ وَالْمَنَّانُ وَالْمُنَفِّقُ سِلْعَتَهُ بِالْحَلِفِ الْكَاذِبِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ followed me and said, "So we set off until I reached a certain place, and he drew a line for me and told me to stay within it. He said, 'Do not leave this area, for if you do, you will perish.' So I stayed within it. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went away for a while, or seemingly went far away.

Then he returned and mentioned Haneen, as if they were locusts. (Affan said, or as Affan said if Allah wills), they had no clothes on, and I did not see their private parts at all. They had very little flesh. Then they came and started riding on the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Prophet of Allah ﷺ began reciting to them. They came to me and it seemed as if they were flooding around me and attempting to interpose themselves. Abdullah said, "I was terrified of them more severely than I was the first time." A'rif said in his narration, "Then he sat down or as he said." Then when the dawn broke, they left, or as he said. Then indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned very weary and exhausted, or almost exhausted due to what he had ridden. He said, "I feel heavy, or as he said." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ rested his head on me, or as he said. Then the Haneen came to them wearing long white clothes, or as he said. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell into a trance." Abdullah said, "I was terrified of them more severely than the first time." A'rim said in his narration, or as they said, "Some of them said to others, 'Indeed, this servant has received something good,' or as they said, 'His eyes are sleeping, or he said his eye, and his heart is awake.' Then A'rim said, "Some of them said to others, 'Come, let us strike a similitude for him,' or as they said, 'Let us strike a similitude for him and let us interpret it ourselves, or you interpret and we will interpret and you interpret, or as they said.' Then some of them said to others, 'His similitude is like the similitude of a master who built a strong edifice and then sent food to the people. So whoever did not come to his food, or he said whoever did not follow him, he would severely punish him, or as they said.' Others said, 'As for the master, he is the Lord of the Worlds, and as for the edifice, it is Islam, and the food is Paradise, and he is the inviter. So whoever follows him will be in Paradise,' A'rim said in his narration, or as they said. 'And whoever does not follow him will be punished severely,' or as they said.

Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ awoke and said, 'What have you seen, O son of Umm 'Abd?' 'Abdullah said, 'I saw such and such.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'There is nothing they said that is hidden from me.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'They are a group of angels, or he said they are from the angels, or as Allah wills.' "  

اسْتَتبْعَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْنَا حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ مَكَانَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَخَطَّ لِي خِطَّةً فَقَالَ لِي كُنْ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَيْ هَذِهِ لَا تَخْرُجْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ خَرَجْتَ هَلَكْتَ قَالَ فَكُنْتُ فِيهَا قَالَ فَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَذَفَةً أَوْ أَبْعَدَ شَيْئًا أَوْ كَمَا

قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ ذَكَرَ هَنِينًا كَأَنَّهُمْ الزُّطُّ (قَالَ عَفَّانُ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ عَفَّانُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ) لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثِيَابٌ وَلَا أَرَى سَوْآتِهِمْ طِوَالًا قَلِيلٌ لَحْمُهُمْ قَالَ فَأَتَوْا فَجَعَلُوا يَرْكَبُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَجَعَلَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ يَقْرَأُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ وَجَعَلُوا يَأْتُونِي فَيُخَيِّلُونَ أَوْ يَمِيلُونَ حَوْلِي وَيَعْتَرِضُونَ لِي قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَأُرْعِبْتُ مِنْهُمْ رُعْبًا شَدِيدًا قَالَ فَجَلَسْتُ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا انْشَقَّ عَمُودُ الصُّبْحِ جَعَلُوا يَذْهَبُونَ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ جَاءَ ثَقِيلًا وَجِعًا أَوْ يَكَادُ أَنْ يَكُونَ وَجِعًا مِمَّا رَكِبُوهُ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَجِدُنِي ثَقِيلًا أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ فَوَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ رَأْسَهُ فِي حِجْرِي أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ هَنِين أَتَوْا عَلَيْهِمْ ثِيَابٌ بِيضٌ طِوَالٌ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ وَقَدْ أَغْفَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَأُرْعِبْتُ مِنْهُمْ أَشَدَّ مِمَّا أُرْعِبْتُ الْمَرَّةَ الْأُولَى قَالَ عَارِمٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ لَقَدْ أُعْطِيَ هَذَا الْعَبْدُ خَيْرًا أَوْ كَمَا قَالُوا إِنَّ عَيْنَيْهِ نَائِمَتَانِ أَوْ قَالَ عَيْنَهُ أَوْ كَمَا قَالُوا وَقَلْبَهُ يَقْظَانُ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ عَارِمٌ وَعَفَّانُ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ هَلُمَّ فَلْنَضْرِبْ لَهُ مَثَلًا أَوْ كَمَا قَالُوا قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ اضْرِبُوا لَهُ مَثَلًا وَنُؤَوِّلُ نَحْنُ أَوْ نَضْرِبُ نَحْنُ وَتُؤَوِّلُونَ أَنْتُمْ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ مَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ سَيِّدٍ ابْتَنَى بُنْيَانًا حَصِينًا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى النَّاسِ بِطَعَامٍ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَأْتِ طَعَامَهُ أَوْ قَالَ لَمْ يَتْبَعْهُ عَذَّبَهُ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا أَوْ كَمَا قَالُوا قَالَ الْآخَرُونَ أَمَّا السَّيِّدُ فَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ وَأَمَّا الْبُنْيَانُ فَهُوَ الْإِسْلَامُ وَالطَّعَامُ الْجَنَّةُ وَهُوَ الدَّاعِي فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ كَانَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَالَ عَارِمٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَوْ كَمَا قَالُوا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَتَّبِعْهُ عُذِّبَ أَوْ كَمَا

قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَيْقَظَ فَقَالَ مَا رَأَيْتَ يَا ابْنَ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ؟ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ رَأَيْتُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا خَفِيَ عَلَيَّ مِمَّا قَالُوا شَيْءٌ قَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ هُمْ نَفَرٌ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ أَوْ قَالَ هُمْ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ أَوْ كَمَا شَاءَ اللهُ  

Fold your clothes so that their spirits may return to them “for when Satan finds a garment folded, he does not wear it; but when he finds it spread out, he wears it.”  

"اطْوُوا ثيابَكُمْ ترجعْ إليها أرْواحُها (فإِنَّ الشيطانَ إذا وجد ثوبًا مطويًا لم يَلْبَسْهُ، وإذا وَجدَه مَنْشُورًا لَبِسَهُ) " .  

The Prophet ﷺ said: He who is asked something he knows and conceals it will have a bridle of fire put on him on the Day of Resurrection.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ سُئِلَ عَنْ عِلْمٍ فَكَتَمَهُ أَلْجَمَهُ اللَّهُ بِلِجَامٍ مِنْ نَارٍ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would hardly ever address us without saying: “There is no faith for the one who has no trustworthiness, and there is no religion for the one who has no commitment (to his covenant).”  

قَلَّمَا خَطَبَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَّا قَالَ لَا إِيمَانَ لِمَنْ لَا أَمَانَةَ لَهُ وَلَا دِينَ لِمَنْ لَا عَهْدَ لَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed the briber, the one who takes the bribe, and the one who facilitates it, meaning the one who walks between them.  

لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الرَّاشِيَ وَالْمُرْتَشِيَ وَالرَّائِشَ يَعْنِي الَّذِي يَمْشِي بَيْنَهُمَا  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Truthfulness leads to righteousness, and righteousness leads to Paradise. And a man keeps on telling the truth until he becomes a truthful person. Falsehood leads to Al-Fajur (i.e. wickedness, evil-doing), and Al-Fajur (wickedness) leads to the (Hell) Fire, and a man may keep on telling lies till he is written before Allah, a liar."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِنَّ الصِّدْقَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْبِرِّ وَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَصْدُقُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ صِدِّيقًا۔ وَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْفُجُورِ وَإِنَّ الْفُجُورَ يَهْدِي إِلَى النَّارِ، وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَكْذِبُ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ كَذَّابًا۔»  

Ibn 'Abbas reported that a man said, "Messenger of Allah, my mother died without a will. Will it help her if I give sadaqa on her behalf?" "Yes," he replied.  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أُمِّي تُوُفِّيَتْ وَلَمْ تُوصِ أَفَيَنْفَعُهَا أَنْ أَتَصَدَّقَ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ  

"Once Muʿadh was along with Messenger of Allah ﷺ as a companion rider. Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Muʿadh bin Jabal." Muʿadh replied, "Labbaik and Saʿdaik. O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" Again the Prophet ﷺ said, "O Muʿadh!" Muʿadh said thrice, "Labbaik and Saʿdaik, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is none who testifies sincerely that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and Muhammad is his Apostle, except that Allah, will save him from the Hell-fire." Muʿadh said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ ! Should I not inform the people about it so that they may have glad tidings?" He replied, "When the people hear about it, they will solely depend on it." Then Muʿadh narrated the above-mentioned Hadith just before his death, being afraid of committing sin (by not telling the knowledge).  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَمُعَاذٌ رَدِيفُهُ عَلَى الرَّحْلِ قَالَ يَا مُعَاذُ بْنَ جَبَلٍ قَالَ لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَعْدَيْكَ قَالَ يَا مُعَاذُ قَالَ لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَعْدَيْكَ ثَلاَثًا قَالَ مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صِدْقًا مِنْ قَلْبِهِ إِلاَّ حَرَّمَهُ اللَّهُ عَلَى النَّارِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَفَلاَ أُخْبِرُ بِهِ النَّاسَ فَيَسْتَبْشِرُوا قَالَ إِذًا يَتَّكِلُوا وَأَخْبَرَ بِهَا مُعَاذٌ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ تَأَثُّمًا  

‘It is the case that you do not relate to the people a narration which their minds cannot grasp except that it becomes a Fitnah for some of them’.  

مَا أَنْتَ بِمُحَدِّثٍ قَوْمًا حَدِيثًا لاَ تَبْلُغُهُ عُقُولُهُمْ إِلاَّ كَانَ لِبَعْضِهِمْ فِتْنَةً  

that he said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to teach us tashahhud just as he used to teach us a Surah of the Quran, and he would say:

al-taḥiyyātu al-mubārakātu al-ṣalawātu al-ṭayyibātu li-llāhi al-salāmu ʿalayka ayyuhā al-nabiyyu wa-raḥmatu Allāhi wa-barakātuhu al-salāmu ʿalaynā wa-ʿalā ʿibādi Allāhi al-ṣāliḥīna ʾashhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾillā Allāhu wa-ʾashhadu ʾanna Muḥammadan rasūlu Allāhi

(All greetings, blessings, prayers, and pure deeds belong to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that there is no deity except Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.)  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُعَلِّمُنَا التَّشَهُّدَ كَمَا يُعَلِّمُنَا السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَكَانَ يَقُولُ:

(التَّحِيَّاتُ الْمُبَارَكَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ لِلَّهِ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ)  

I was informed that the Prophet ﷺ had said to Muʿadh, "Whosoever will meet Allah without associating anything in worship with Him will go to Paradise." Muʿadh asked the Prophet, "Should I not inform the people of this good news?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No, I am afraid, lest they should depend upon it (absolutely).  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِمُعَاذٍ مَنْ لَقِيَ اللَّهَ لاَ يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ أَلاَ أُبَشِّرُ النَّاسَ قَالَ لاَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يَتَّكِلُوا  

Abu Hurayra said, "The dead person can be raised a degree after his death. He said, 'My Lord, how is this?' He was told, 'Your child can ask for forgiveness for you.'"  

تُرْفَعُ لِلْمَيِّتِ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِ دَرَجَتُهُ فَيَقُولُ أَيْ رَبِّ أَيُّ شَيْءٍ هَذِهِ؟ فَيُقَالُ وَلَدُكَ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَكَ  

The above mentioned Statement of ʿAli ˹who said: "Speak to the people in a way that they understand. Do you like for Allah and His Messenger to be denied?"˺  

بِذَلِكَ: [حَدِّثُوا النَّاسَ، بِمَا يَعْرِفُونَ، أَتُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يُكَذَّبَ، اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ]  

Jarir bin ʿAbdullah said to me, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, 'Won't you relieve me from Dhu al-Khalasah?' Dhu al-Khalasah was a house where the tribe of Khatham used to stay, and it used to be called Kaʿbat al-Yamaniyah. So I proceeded with one hundred-and-fifty (men) from the tribe of Ahmas who were good cavalry. I informed the Prophet ﷺ that I could not sit firm on horses, so he stroke me on the chest with his hand and I noticed his finger marks on my chest. He invoked, 'O Allah! Make him firm and a guiding and rightly-guided man." Jarir set out towards that place, dismantled and burnt it, and then sent the good news to Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The messenger of Jarir said to Messenger of Allah ﷺ. "O Allah's Apostle! By Him Who has sent you with the Truth, I did not come to you till it (i.e. the house) had been turned (black) like a scabby camel (covered with tar)." So the Prophet ﷺ invokes Allah to Bless the horses of the men of Ahmas five times.  

قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَلاَ تُرِيحُنِي مِنْ ذِي الْخَلَصَةِ وَكَانَ بَيْتًا فِيهِ خَثْعَمُ يُسَمَّى كَعْبَةَ الْيَمَانِيَةَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ فِي خَمْسِينَ وَمِائَةٍ مِنْ أَحْمَسَ وَكَانُوا أَصْحَابَ خَيْلٍ فَأَخْبَرْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَنِّي لاَ أَثْبُتُ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ فَضَرَبَ فِي صَدْرِي حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ أَثَرَ أَصَابِعِهِ فِي صَدْرِي فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ ثَبِّتْهُ وَاجْعَلْهُ هَادِيًا مَهْدِيًّا فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَيْهَا فَكَسَرَهَا وَحَرَّقَهَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُبَشِّرُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ جَرِيرٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا جِئْتُكَ حَتَّى تَرَكْتُهَا كَأَنَّهَا جَمَلٌ أَجْرَبُ فَبَارَكَ عَلَى خَيْلِ أَحْمَسَ وَرِجَالِهَا خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ بَيْتٌ فِي خَثْعَمَ  

'Abdullah ibn Dinar said reported that Ibn 'Umar said, "But Abu Hafs 'Umar decided..."  

لَكِنْ أَبُو حَفْصٍ عُمَرُ قَضَى  

Abu Hurayra saw two men and said to one of them, "Who is this man in relation to you?" He is my father," he replied. He said, "Do not call him by his own name nor walk in front of him nor sit down before him."  

أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَبْصَرَ رَجُلَيْنِ فَقَالَ لأَحَدِهِمَا مَا هَذَا مِنْكَ؟ فَقَالَ أَبِي فَقَالَ لاَ تُسَمِّهِ بِاسْمِهِ وَلاَ تَمْشِ أَمَامَهُ وَلا تَجْلِسْ قَبْلَهُ  

Abu Bakr ibn Hazm reported that one of the Companions of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "It is enough that I tell you that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Love is inherited.'"  

كَفَيْتُكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الْوُدَّ يُتَوَارَثُ  

'Abdullah ibn Dinar reported that Ibn 'Umar passed by a bedouin during a journey. The bedouin's father had been a friend of 'Umar's. The bedouin said, "Am I not the son of so-and-so?" He said, "Yes, indeed." Ibn 'Umar ordered that he be given a donkey which was following him. He also took off his turban and gave it to him, One of the men with him said, "Wouldn't two dirhams be enough for him?" He replied, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Maintain what your father loved. Do not cut it off so that Allah puts out your light."  

مَرَّ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فِي سَفَرٍ فَكَانَ أَبُو الأعْرَابِيِّ صَدِيقًا لِعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ لِلأَعْرَابِيِّ أَلَسْتَ ابْنَ فُلاَنٍ؟ قَالَ بَلَى فَأَمَرَ لَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ بِحِمَارٍ كَانَ يَسْتَعْقِبُ وَنَزَعَ عِمَامَتَهُ عَنْ رَأْسِهِ فَأَعْطَاهُ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ مَنْ مَعَهُ أَمَا يَكْفِيهِ دِرْهَمَانِ؟ فَقَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ احْفَظْ وُدَّ أَبِيكَ لاَ تَقْطَعْهُ فَيُطْفِئَ اللَّهُ نُورَكَ  

Ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The strongest form of dutifulness is when a man maintains relations with the people his father loved."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ أَبَرَّ الْبِرِّ أَنْ يَصِلَ الرَّجُلُ أَهْلَ وُدِّ أَبِيهِ  

that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "When a person dies, all action is cut off for him with the exception of three things: sadaqa which continues, knowledge which benefits, or a righteous child who makes supplication for him."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا مَاتَ الْعَبْدُ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ عَمَلُهُ إِلاَّ مِنْ ثَلاَثٍ صَدَقَةٍ جَارِيَةٍ أَوْ عِلْمٍ يُنْتَفَعُ بِهِ أَوْ وَلَدٍ صَالِحٍ يَدْعُو لَهُ  

Abu Usayd said, "We were with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when a man asked, 'Messenger of Allah, is there any act of dutifulness which I can do for my parents after their death?' He replied, 'Yes. There are four things: Supplication for them, asking forgiveness for them, fulfilling their pledges, and being generous to friends of theirs. You only have ties of kinship through your parents."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا أُسَيْدٍ يُحَدِّثُ الْقَوْمَ قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَلْ بَقِيَ مِنْ بِرِّ أَبَوَيَّ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهِمَا أَبَرُّهُمَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ خِصَالٌ أَرْبَعٌ الدُّعَاءُ لَهُمَا وَالِاسْتِغْفَارُ لَهُمَا وَإِنْفَاذُ عَهْدِهِمَا وَإِكْرَامُ صَدِيقِهِمَا وَصِلَةُ الرَّحِمِ الَّتِي لاَ رَحِمَ لَكَ إِلاَّ مِنْ قِبَلِهِمَا  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "No newborn has spoken in the cradle except Jesus, the son of Mary ﷺ, and the companion of Jurayj." It was asked, "O Prophet of Allah, and who is the companion of Jurayj?" He said, "Jurayj was a monk who used to worship in his hermitage. A cattle shepherd would take refuge under his hermitage, and there was a woman from the village who frequently visited the shepherd. One day, Jurayj's mother came and called out, 'O Jurayj!' while he was praying. He thought to himself as he was praying: 'My mother or my prayer?' He decided to prefer his prayer. She called out to him a second time, and he thought to himself: 'My mother or my prayer?' He decided to prefer his prayer. She called out to him a third time, and he again thought: 'My mother or my prayer?' and he decided to prefer his prayer. When he did not respond to her, she said, 'May Allah not let you die, Jurayj, until you have looked in the faces of the wicked women.' Then she left.

Later, the king was presented with that woman who had given birth. He asked, 'Whose child is this?' She said, 'Jurayj’s.' The king asked, 'The companion of the hermitage?' She replied, 'Yes.' He said, 'Destroy his hermitage and bring him to me!' So they destroyed his hermitage with axes until it collapsed. They tied his hands to his neck with a rope and brought him. He was taken past the wicked women, and he saw them and smiled while they were looking at him among the people. The king asked him, 'What does she claim?' Jurayj asked, 'What does she claim?' The king answered, 'She claims that her child is yours.' Jurayj asked her, 'Do you claim this?' She replied, 'Yes.' He asked, 'Where is the child?' They said, 'He is in her arms.' Jurayj turned to him and asked, 'Who is your father?' The baby responded, 'The cattle shepherd.'

The king then asked, 'Shall we make your hermitage out of gold?' Jurayj replied, 'No.' The king asked, 'Out of silver?' Jurayj replied, 'No.' The king asked, 'Then what shall we make it from?' Jurayj replied, 'Return it as it was.' The king asked, 'Why did you smile?' Jurayj said, 'Something I understood: my mother's supplication reached me,' and then he explained to them."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا تَكَلَّمَ مَوْلُودٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فِي مَهْدٍ إِلاَّ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ ﷺ وَصَاحِبُ جُرَيْجٍ قِيلَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ وَمَا صَاحِبُ جُرَيْجٍ؟ قَالَ فَإِنَّ جُرَيْجًا كَانَ رَجُلاً رَاهِبًا فِي صَوْمَعَةٍ لَهُ وَكَانَ رَاعِيَ بَقَرٍ يَأْوِي إِلَى أَسْفَلِ صَوْمَعَتِهِ وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقَرْيَةِ تَخْتَلِفُ إِلَى الرَّاعِي فَأَتَتْ أُمُّهُ يَوْمًا فَقَالَتْ يَا جُرَيْجُ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَقَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي أُمِّي وَصَلاَتِي؟ فَرَأَى أَنْ يُؤْثِرَ صَلاَتَهُ ثُمَّ صَرَخَتْ بِهِ الثَّانِيَةَ فَقَالَ فِي نَفْسِهِ أُمِّي وَصَلاَتِي؟ فَرَأَى أَنْ يُؤْثِرَ صَلاَتَهُ ثُمَّ صَرَخَتْ بِهِ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقَالَ أُمِّي وَصَلاَتِي؟ فَرَأَى أَنْ يُؤْثِرَ صَلاَتَهُ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يُجِبْهَا قَالَتْ لاَ أَمَاتَكَ اللَّهُ يَا جُرَيْجُ حَتَّى تَنْظُرَ فِي وَجْهِ الْمُومِسَاتِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَتْ

فَأُتِيَ الْمَلِكُ بِتِلْكَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَلَدَتْ فَقَالَ مِمَّنْ؟ قَالَتْ مِنْ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ أَصَاحِبُ الصَّوْمَعَةِ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ اهْدِمُوا صَوْمَعَتَهُ وَأْتُونِي بِهِ فَضَرَبُوا صَوْمَعَتَهُ بِالْفُئُوسِ حَتَّى وَقَعَتْ فَجَعَلُوا يَدَهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ بِحَبْلٍ ثُمَّ انْطُلِقَ بِهِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ عَلَى الْمُومِسَاتِ فَرَآهُنَّ فَتَبَسَّمَ وَهُنَّ يَنْظُرْنَ إِلَيْهِ فِي النَّاسِ فَقَالَ الْمَلِكُ مَا تَزْعُمُ هَذِهِ؟ قَالَ مَا تَزْعُمُ؟ قَالَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ وَلَدَهَا مِنْكَ قَالَ أَنْتِ تَزْعُمِينَ؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قَالَ أَيْنَ هَذَا الصَّغِيرُ؟ قَالُوا هَذا هُوَ فِي حِجْرِهَا فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَبُوكَ؟ قَالَ رَاعِي الْبَقَرِ

قَالَ الْمَلِكُ أَنَجْعَلُ صَوْمَعَتَكَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ؟ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ؟ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَمَا نَجْعَلُهَا؟ قَالَ رُدُّوهَا كَمَا كَانَتْ قَالَ فَمَا الَّذِي تَبَسَّمْتَ؟ قَالَ أَمْرًا عَرَفْتُهُ أَدْرَكَتْنِي دَعْوَةُ أُمِّي ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَهُمْ  

that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Three supplications are answered without a doubt: the supplication of someone who is oppressed, the supplication of someone on a journey, and the supplication of parents against their child."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثَلاَثُ دَعَوَاتٍ مُسْتَجَابَاتٌ لَهُنَّ لاَ شَكَّ فِيهِنَّ دَعْوَةُ الْمَظْلُومِ وَدَعْوَةُ الْمُسَافِرِ وَدَعْوَةُ الْوَالِدِيْنِ عَلَى وَلَدِهِمَا  

Ibn 'Umar said, "Making parents weep is part of disobedience and one of the major wrong actions."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ بُكَاءُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ مِنَ الْعُقُوقِ وَالْكَبَائِرِ  

'Imran ibn Husayn said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'What do you say about fornication, drinking wine and theft?' 'Allah and His Messenger know best,' we replied. He stated, 'They are acts of outrage and there is punishment for them, but shall I tell you which is the greatest of the great wrong actions? Associating with Allah Almighty and disobeying parents.' He had been reclining, but then he sat up and said, 'and lying.'"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي الزِّنَا وَشُرْبِ الْخَمْرِ وَالسَّرِقَةِ؟ قُلْنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ هُنَّ الْفَوَاحِشُ وَفِيهِنَّ الْعُقُوبَةُ أَلاَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِأَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ؟ الشِّرْكُ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ وَكَانَ مُتَّكِئًا فَاحْتَفَزَ قَالَ وَالزُّورُ  

Abu Bakra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "There is no wrong action more likely to bring punishment in this world in addition to what is stored up in the Next World than oppression and severing ties of kinship."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَا مِنْ ذَنْبٍ أَجْدَرُ أَنْ يُعَجَّلَ لِصَاحِبِهِ الْعُقُوبَةُ مَعَ مَا يُدَّخَرُ لَهُ مِنَ الْبَغِيِّ وَقَطِيعَةِ الرَّحِمِ  

'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "A man causing his parent to be reviled is one of the major sins in the sight of Allah Almighty."  

مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ عِنْدَ اللهِ تَعَالَى أَنْ يَسْتَسِبَّ الرَّجُلُ لِوَالِدِهِ  

'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "Reviling one's parents is one of the great wrong actions." They asked, "How could he revile them?" He said, "He reviles a man who then in turn reviles his mother and father."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ أَنْ يَشْتِمَ الرَّجُلُ وَالِدَيْهِ فَقَالُوا كَيْفَ يَشْتِمُ؟ قَالَ يَشْتِمُ الرَّجُلَ فَيَشْتُمُ أَبَاهُ وَأُمَّهُ  

Ibn 'Umar said, "'Umar saw a silk robe for sale. He said, 'Messenger of Allah, would you buy this robe and wear it on Jumu'a and when delegations visit you?' He replied, 'Only a person who has no portion in the Next World could wear this.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was given some robes made of the same material. He sent one of the robes to 'Umar. 'Umar exclaimed, 'How can I wear it when you said what you said about it?' The Prophet replied, 'I did not give it to you so that you could wear it. You can sell it or give it to someone.' 'Umar sent it to a brother of his in Makka who had not yet become Muslim."  

رَأَى عُمَرُ ؓ حُلَّةً سِيَرَاءَ تُبَاعُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ابْتَعْ هَذِهِ فَالْبَسْهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَإِذَا جَاءَكَ الْوُفُودُ. قَالَ: «إِنَّمَا يَلْبَسُ هَذِهِ مَنْ لاَ خَلاَقَ لَهُ۔» فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْهَا بِحُلَلٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى عُمَرَ بِحُلَّةٍ فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ أَلْبَسُهَا وَقَدْ قُلْتَ فِيهَا مَا قُلْتَ؟ قَالَ: «إِنِّي لَمْ أُعْطِكَهَا لِتَلْبَسَهَا وَلَكِنْ تَبِيعَهَا أَوْ تَكْسُوَهَا» فَأَرْسَلَ بِهَا عُمَرُ إِلَى أَخٍ لَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ  

Ibn 'Abbas mentioned the words of the Almighty, "When one or both of them reach old age with you, do not say 'Ugh!' to them out of irritation and do not be harsh with them but speak to them with gentleness and generosity. Take them under your wing, out of mercy, with due humility and say: 'Lord, show mercy to them as they did in looking after me when I was small." (17:23-24) He said, "This was abrogated in Surat at-Tawba: 'It is not right for the Prophet and those who have iman to ask forgiveness for the mushrikun even if they are close relatives after it has become clear to them that they are the Companions of the Blazing Fire.' (9:113)"  

فِي قَوْلِهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ {إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِنْدَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلاَهُمَا فَلاَ تَقُلْ لَهُمَا أُفٍّ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا} فَنَسَخَتْهَا الْآيَةُ فِي بَرَاءَةَ {مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَى مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ}  

Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "May his nose be dusted (i.e. may he be disgraced), may his nose be dusted, may his nose be dusted." They said, "Messenger of Allah, who?" He said, "The one who lives to see his parents or one of them in old age, and (still) enters the Fire."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «رَغِمَ أَنْفُهُ! رَغِمَ أَنْفُهُ! رَغِمَ أَنْفُهُ!» قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «مَنْ أَدْرَكَ وَالِدَيْهِ عِنْدَ الْكِبْرِ أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا فَدَخَلَ النَّارَ»  

Mu'adh said, "Bliss belongs to someone who is dutiful towards his parents. Allah Almighty will prolong his life."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: «مَنْ بَرَّ وَالِدَيْهِ طُوبَى لَهُ زَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي عُمْرِهِ۔»  

'Abdullah ibn 'Amr said, "A man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, wanting to do jihad. The Prophet asked, 'Are your parents alive?' 'Yes,' he replied. he said, 'Then exert yourself on their behalf.'"  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُرِيدُ الْجِهَادَ فَقَالَ: «أَحَيٌّ وَالِدَاكَ؟» فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ «فَفِيهِمَا فَجَاهِدْ»  

Abu al-Darda said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recommended nine things to me: (1) Do not associate anything with Allah, even if you are cut to pieces or burned. (2) Do not abandon a prescribed prayer deliberately, for anyone who abandons it will forfeit Allah's protection. (3) Do not drink wine for it is the key to every evil. (4) Obey your parents. If they command you to abandon your worldly possessions, then leave those for them. (5) Do not contend with those in power, even if you think that you are in the right. (6) Do not run away from the army when it advances, even if you are killed while your companions run away. (7) Spend on your wife out of your means. (8) Do not lift ˹away˺ the stick against from your wife. (9) Cause your family to fear Allah, the Almighty and Exalted.'"  

أَوْصَانِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِتِسْعٍ: (١) لاَ تُشْرِكْ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَإِنْ قُطِّعْتَ أَوْ حُرِّقْتَ، (٢) وَلاَ تَتْرُكَنَّ الصَّلاَةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ مُتَعَمِّدًا وَمَنْ تَرَكَهَا مُتَعَمِّدًا بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُ الذِّمَّةُ، (٣) وَلاَ تَشْرَبَنَّ الْخَمْرَ فَإِنَّهَا مِفْتَاحُ كُلِّ شَرٍّ، (٤) وَأَطِعْ وَالِدَيْكَ وَإِنْ أَمَرَاكَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْ دُنْيَاكَ فَاخْرُجْ لَهُمَا، (٥) وَلاَ تُنَازِعَنَّ وُلاَةَ الأَمْرِ وَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنَّكَ أَنْتَ، (٦) وَلاَ تَفْرُرْ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ وَإِنْ هَلَكْتَ وَفَرَّ أَصْحَابُكَ، (٧) وَأَنْفِقْ مِنْ طَوْلِكَ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ، (٨) وَلاَ تَرْفَعْ عَصَاكَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ، (٩) وَأَخِفْهُمْ فِي اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ۔  

Abu't-Tufayl said, "'Ali was asked, 'Did the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, give you something special which he did not give to anyone else?' He replied, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did not give me anything special which he did not give to everyone else except for what I have in my sword scabbard.' He brought out a piece of paper. Written on that paper was: 'Allah curses anyone who sacrifices an animal to something other than Allah. Allah curses anyone who steals a milestone. Allah curses anyone who curses his parents. Allah curses anyone who gives shelter to an innovator.'"  

سُئِلَ عَلِيٌّ هَلْ خَصَّكُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يَخُصَّ بِهِ النَّاسَ كَافَّةً؟ قَالَ مَا خَصَّنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يَخُصَّ بِهِ النَّاسَ إِلاَّ مَا فِي قِرَابِ سَيْفِي ثُمَّ أَخْرَجَ صَحِيفَةً فَإِذَا فِيهَا مَكْتُوبٌ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ ذَبَحَ لِغَيْرِ اللهِ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ سَرَقَ مَنَارَ الأَرْضِ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ لَعَنَ وَالِدَيْهِ لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ آوَى مُحْدِثًا