He asked the Prophet ﷺ: “In how many days should I ˹complete˺ the Quran?” He mentioned the hadith, saying: until he said: “In seven ˹days˺; he does not understand who recites it in less than three.” He said: “How should I fast?” He said: “Fast three days of every month, one day out of every ten days, and the reward of nine days will be recorded for you.” He said: “I am stronger than that.” He said: “Then fast two days out of every ten, and the reward of eight days will be recorded for you,” until it reached five days.

أَنَّهُ سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ: فِي كَمْ أَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ؟ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، قَالَ: حَتَّى قَالَ: «فِي سَبْعٍ، لَا يَفْقَهُ مَنْ قَرَأَهُ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ». وَقَالَ: كَيْفَ أَصُومُ؟ قَالَ: «صُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، مِنْ كُلِّ عَشَرَةِ أَيَّامٍ يَوْمًا، وَيُكْتَبُ لَكَ أَجْرُ تِسْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ». قَالَ: إِنِّي أَقْوَى مِنْ ذَلِكَ. قَالَ: «صُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ يَوْمَيْنِ، وَيُكْتَبُ لَكَ أَجْرُ ثَمَانِيَةِ أَيَّامٍ»، حَتَّى بَلَغَ خَمْسَةَ أَيَّامٍ.

Messenger of Allah ﷺ made it incumbent on all the slave or free Muslims, male or female, to pay one Sa' of dates or barley as Zakat-ul-Fitr.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَرَضَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ عَلَى كُلِّ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ

He witnessed Ibn Umar and a Yemeni man doing the Tawaf of the House (the Kābah). The man was carrying his mother on his back and saying, "I am her humble camel. If her ride is frightened, I will not be frightened." Then he said, "O Ibn Umar, do you think I have repaid her?" Ibn Umar replied, "No, not even for a single groan ˹of labor pain˺ of hers."

Ibn Umar then continued the Tawaf and came to the Maqam ˹Ibrahim˺, where he prayed two units of prayer. Then he said, "O son of Abu Musa, indeed, every two units of prayer expiate what comes before them."

أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ ابْنَ عُمَرَ وَرَجُلٌ يَمَانِيٌّ يَطُوفُ بِالْبَيْتِ حَمَلَ أُمَّهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ يَقُولُ: إِنِّي لَهَا بَعِيرُهَا الْمُذَلَّلُ إِنْ أُذْعِرَتْ رِكَابُهَا لَمْ أُذْعَرِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا ابْنَ عُمَرَ أَتُرَانِي جَزَيْتُهَا؟ قَالَ: لاَ وَلاَ بِزَفْرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ

ثُمَّ طَافَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ فَأَتَى الْمَقَامَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا ابْنَ أَبِي مُوسَى إِنَّ كُلَّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ تُكَفِّرَانِ مَا أَمَامَهُمَا

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Īmān (faith) wears out (deteriorates) within ˹the depths˺ of each one of you just as worn out clothing has been worn out. Therefore, ask Allah to renew Īmān in your hearts."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الْإِيمَانَ لَيَخْلَقُ فِي جَوْفِ أَحَدِكُمْ كَمَا يَخْلَقُ الثَّوْبُ الْخَلِقُ، فَاسْأَلُوا اللَّهَ أَنْ يُجَدِّدَ الْإِيمَانَ فِي قُلُوبِكُمْ».

I asked Jabir about the matter of Thaqif when they pledged allegiance ˹to the Prophet ﷺ˺. He said: They stipulated to the Prophet ﷺ that there would be no zakat due from them and no jihad. And he heard the Prophet ﷺ after that say: “They will give charity and wage jihad once they embrace Islam.”

سَأَلْتُ جَابِرًا عَنْ شَأْنِ ثَقِيفٍ إِذْ بَايَعَتْ قَالَ اشْتَرَطَتْ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنْ لاَ صَدَقَةَ عَلَيْهَا وَلاَ جِهَادَ، وَأَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ: «سَيَتَصَدَّقُونَ وَيُجَاهِدُونَ إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever says:

lā ilāha illā allāhu waḥdahū, lā sharīka lahū, lahū al-mulku wa-lahu al-ḥamdu, wa-huwa ʿalā kulli shayʾin qadīr

(There is no deity but Allah alone; He has no partner. His is the dominion and His is the praise, and He is over all things capable)*

... one hundred times in a day, it will be for him (1) the equivalent of freeing ten slaves, (2) one hundred good deeds will be recorded for him, (3) one hundred bad deeds will be erased from him, and (4) it will be a protection for him from Satan that day until evening. No one will come with something better than what he has brought, except someone who does more than that.”

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ:

لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ،

فِي يَوْمٍ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ، كَانَتْ لَهُ عَدْلَ عَشْرِ رِقَابٍ، وَكُتِبَتْ لَهُ مِائَةُ حَسَنَةٍ، وَمُحِيَتْ عَنْهُ مِائَةُ سَيِّئَةٍ، وَكَانَتْ لَهُ حِرْزًا مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ يَوْمَهُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى يُمْسِيَ، وَلَمْ يَأْتِ أَحَدٌ بِأَفْضَلَ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ إِلَّا أَحَدٌ عَمِلَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The best dinar a man spends is a dinar he spends on his family; and a dinar a man spends on his ˹riding˺ animal in the path of Allah; and a dinar he spends on his companions in the path of Allah.”

Abu Qilabah said: And he began with the family. Then Abu Qilabah said: And what man has a greater reward than a man who spends on young family ˹members˺, keeping them chaste, or through whom Allah benefits them and makes them self-sufficient?

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «أَفْضَلُ دِينَارٍ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ، دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ، وَدِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَدِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ».

قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ: وَبَدَأَ بِالْعِيَالِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ: وَأَيُّ رَجُلٍ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى عِيَالٍ صِغَارٍ، يُعِفُّهُمْ، أَوْ يَنْفَعُهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَيُغْنِيهِمْ؟

We were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque when his gaze fixed upon a man walking in the mosque. He said, “O so-and-so, do you bear witness that I am the Messenger of Allah?” He replied, “No.” He said, “Do you read the Torah?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “And the Gospel?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “And the Quran?” He replied, “By Him in whose hand is my soul, if I wished I could recite it.” 

He then called out to him and said, “Do you find me in the Torah and the Gospel?” He replied, “We find one like you, and the likeness of your community, and the likeness of the one who will bring you forth. We had hoped that you would be among us, but when you emerged we feared that it was you, so we looked, and it was not you.” He said, “And why is that?” He replied, “Because with him from his community are seventy thousand for whom there will be neither reckoning nor punishment, whereas with you there are only a few.” He said, “By Him in whose hand is my soul, I am indeed he, and it is indeed my community, and they are indeed more than seventy thousand, and seventy thousand, and seventy thousand.”

كُنَّا قُعُودًا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَشَخَصَ بَصَرُهُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ يَمْشِي فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، فَقَالَ: «يَا فُلَانُ، أَتَشْهَدُ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟» قَالَ: لَا. قَالَ: «أَتَقْرَأُ التَّوْرَاةَ؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «وَالْإِنْجِيلَ؟» قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: «وَالْقُرْآنَ؟» قَالَ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَوْ أَشَاءُ لَقَرَأْتُهُ. قَالَ: 

ثُمَّ أُنْشِدَهُ، فَقَالَ: «تَجِدُنِي فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَالْإِنْجِيلِ؟» قَالَ: نَجِدُ مِثْلَكَ، وَمَثَلَ أُمَّتِكَ، وَمَثَلَ مُخْرِجِكَ، وَكُنَّا نَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونَ فِينَا، فَلَمَّا خَرَجْتَ تَخَوَّفْنَا أَنْ تَكُونَ أَنْتَ، فَنَظَرْنَا فَإِذَا لَيْسَ أَنْتَ هُوَ. قَالَ: «وَلِمَ ذَاكَ؟» قَالَ: إِنَّ مَعَهُ مِنْ أُمَّتِهِ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا، لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ حِسَابٌ وَلَا عِقَابٌ، وَإِنَّمَا مَعَكَ نَفَرٌ يَسِيرٌ. فَقَالَ: «فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَأَنَا هُوَ، وَإِنَّهَا لَأُمَّتِي، وَإِنَّهُمْ لَأَكْثَرُ مِنْ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا، وَسَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا، وَسَبْعِينَ أَلْفًا».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Command your children to pray when they are seven years old, and discipline them for it when they are ten years old, and separate them in their beds.”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مُرُوا أَوْلاَدَكُمْ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ، وَاضْرِبُوهُمْ عَلَيْهَا وَهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ، وَفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ».

from the Prophet ﷺ who said, "A child cannot repay his parent unless he finds them as a slave and then buys them and ˹thereby˺ sets them free."

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «لاَ يَجْزِي وَلَدٌ وَالِدَهُ إِلاَّ أَنْ يَجِدَهُ مَمْلُوكًا فَيَشْتَرِيَهُ فَيُعْتِقَهُ».

[AI] I came to Kufa, and I had no concern there except Uways al-Qarani: I searched for him and asked about him until I happened upon him sitting alone on the bank of the Euphrates at midday, performing ablution and washing his garment. I recognized him by the description. There he was: a fleshy man, dark-complexioned, intensely so; hairy, with a shaved head—meaning he had no forelock—thick-bearded, wearing a woolen waist-wrapper and a woolen cloak, without shoes; large-faced, and very awe-inspiring in appearance. I greeted him, and he returned my greeting and looked at me and said, “May God give you life—who are you?” I extended my hand to him to shake his, but he refused to shake my hand and said, “And you—may God give you life.” I said, “May God have mercy on you, O Uways, and forgive you. How are you—may God have mercy on you?” Then jealousy choked me, from my love for him and my tenderness toward him because of what I saw of his condition, until I wept and he wept. Then he said, “And you—may God have mercy on you, O Harim ibn Hayyan. How are you, my brother? Who guided you to me?” I said, “God.” He said, “There is no god but God. Glory be to our Lord: surely the promise of our Lord is to be fulfilled,” when he named me. By God, he had never seen me, nor had I seen him. Then I said, “How did you recognize me, and know my name and my father’s name? For by God I had never seen you before this day.” He said, “The All-Knowing, the All-Aware informed me. My spirit recognized your spirit when my soul spoke to your soul: spirits have breaths like the breaths of the living. The believers recognize one another and converse by God’s Spirit even if they have not met, and even if they have not spoken; they come to know one another, even if lands are distant from them and homes separate them.”

He said: I said, “Tell me a hadith from the Messenger of God ﷺ that I may memorize from you.” He said, “I did not meet the Messenger of God ﷺ, nor did I have companionship with him. I have seen men who saw him, and what has reached me of his hadith is as what has reached you. I do not like to open this door upon myself—so that I become one who relates traditions, or a judge, or one who gives legal opinions; a person has enough to occupy him, O Harim ibn Hayyan.” He said: I said, “My brother, recite to me verses from the Book of God so I may hear them from you, for I love you for God with a strong love. And supplicate with prayers and give counsel with an admonition that I may preserve from you.” He said: he took my hand on the bank of the Euphrates and said, “I seek refuge in God, the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from Satan the accursed. In the name of God, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate.” He gasped once, then wept in his place, then said: “My Lord—exalted be His mention—has said, and most rightful of speech is His speech, most truthful of discourse is His discourse, and best of words is His word: {And We did not create the heavens and the earth and what is between them in play; We created them only in truth} [al-Dukhan 39],” until he reached, “{except whom God has mercy upon; indeed He is the Mighty, the Merciful} [al-Dukhan 42].” Then he gasped again and fell silent. I looked at him, thinking he had fainted. Then he said, “O Harim ibn Hayyan, your father has died, and you are soon to die; and Abu Hayyan has died—either to Paradise or to the Fire. Adam has died, and Eve has died, O son of Hayyan; and Noah has died, and Abraham, the intimate friend of the Most Merciful, O son of Hayyan; and Moses, the one spoken to by the Most Merciful, has died, O son of Hayyan; and David, the vicegerent of the Most Merciful, has died, O son of Hayyan; and Muhammad, the Messenger of the Most Merciful, has died, and Abu Bakr, the caliph of the Muslims, has died, O son of Hayyan; and my brother, my chosen one, and my friend, ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, has died.” Then he said, “Oh ‘Umar!” May God have mercy on ‘Umar—while ‘Umar at that time was still alive, and that was at the end of his caliphate. He said: I said to him, “May God have mercy on you—‘Umar ibn al-Khattab is still alive.” He said, “Yes, if you understand: you have already understood what I said— I and you are among the dead; it has already been.” Then he invoked blessings upon the Prophet ﷺ and made brief supplications. Then he said, “This is my counsel to you, O Harim ibn Hayyan: the Book of God; keeping company with the righteous among the Muslims; and prayer and peace upon the Prophet ﷺ. I have announced death to myself and announced it to you; so keep remembrance of death—do not let it leave you even for a moment. Warn your people when you return to them, and advise all the people of your religion. Strive for your own soul, and beware, beware of separating from the جماعت (the community), lest you separate from your religion without realizing and enter the Fire on the Day of Resurrection.”

Then he said, “O God, this man claims that he loves me for Your sake and has visited me for Your sake. O God, show me his face in Paradise, and admit him to me as a visitor in Your abode, the Abode of Peace. Preserve him so long as he remains in the world, wherever he may be; gather up for him what he has lost; make him content in this world with little; and whatever You give him of this world, make it easy for him; and make him, for what You give him of Your blessing, among the grateful; and reward him with the best reward. I entrust you to God, O Harim ibn Hayyan. Peace be upon you and the mercy of God.”

Then he said to me, “You will not see me after today—may God have mercy on you—for I dislike fame, and solitude is dearer to me, because I am deeply sorrowful and heavily burdened with care so long as I remain alive in this world among these people. Do not ask about me, and do not seek me. Know that you are in my mind even if I do not see you and you do not see me; remember me and pray for me, for I will remember you and pray for you, God willing, exalted is He. Go—here,” until he took this way. He said: I was eager to walk with him for an hour, but he refused, so I parted from him—he weeping and I weeping. He said: I kept looking at his back until he entered one of the alleys. How often I sought him after that and asked about him, yet I found no one who could tell me anything about him. May God have mercy on him and forgive him. No week passed over me except that I saw him in my sleep once or twice—or as he said.

قَدِمْتُ الْكُوفَةَ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِي بِهَا هَمٌّ إِلَّا أُوَيْسٌ الْقَرَنِيُّ أَطْلُبُهُ وَأَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى سَقَطْتُ عَلَيْهِ جَالِسًا وَحْدَهُ عَلَى شَاطِئِ الْفُرَاتِ نِصْفَ النَّهَارِ يَتَوَضَّأُ وَيَغْسِلُ ثَوْبَهُ فَعَرَفْتُهُ بِالنَّعْتِ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ لَحِمٌ أَدَمُ شَدِيدُ الْأَدَمَةِ أَشْعَرُ مَحْلُوقُ الرَّأْسِ يَعْنِي لَيْسَ لَهُ جُمَّةٌ كَثُّ اللِّحْيَةِ عَلَيْهِ إِزَارٌ مِنْ صُوفٍ وَرِدَاءٌ مِنْ صُوفٍ بِغَيْرِ حِذَاءٍ كَبِيرُ الْوَجْهِ مَهِيبُ الْمَنْظَرِ جِدًّا فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ وَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ حَيَّاكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ؟ فَمَدَدْتُ يَدِي إِلَيْهِ لِأُصَافِحَهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يُصَافِحَنِي وَقَالَ وَأَنْتَ فَحَيَّاكَ اللَّهُ فَقُلْتُ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ يَا أُوَيْسُ وَغَفَرَ لَكَ كَيْفَ أَنْتَ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ؟ ثُمَّ خَنَقَتْنِي الْغَيْرَةُ مِنْ حُبِّي إِيَّاهُ وَرِقَّتِي لَهُ لِمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ حَالِهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ حَتَّى بَكَيْتُ وَبَكَى ثُمَّ قَالَ وَأَنْتَ فَرَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ يَا هَرِمُ بْنَ حَيَّانَ كَيْفَ أَنْتَ يَا أَخِي؟ مَنْ دَلَّكَ عَلَيَّ؟ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَ رَبِّنَا إِنْ كَانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّنَا لَمَفْعُولًا حِينَ سَمَّانِي وَاللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ رَأَيْتُهُ قَطُّ وَلَا رَآنِي ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مِنْ أَيْنَ عَرَفْتَنِي وَعَرَفْتَ اسْمِي وَاسْمَ أَبِي فَوَاللَّهِ مَا كُنْتُ رَأَيْتُكَ قَطُّ قَبْلَ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ قَالَ نَبَّأَنِي الْعَلِيمُ الْخَبِيرُ عَرَفَتْ رُوحِي رُوحَكَ حَيْثُ كَلَّمَتْ نَفْسِي نَفْسَكَ أَنَّ الْأَرْوَاحَ لَهَا أَنْفَسٌ كَأَنْفُسِ الْأَحْيَاءِ إِنَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَعْرِفُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا وَيَتَحَدَّثُونَ بِرُوحِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَلْتَقُوا وَإِنْ لَمْ يَتَكَلَّمُوا وَيَتَعَارَفُوا وَإِنْ نَأْتِ بِهُمُ الدِّيَارُ وَتَفَرَّقَتْ بِهُمُ الْمَنَازِلُ قَالَ قُلْتُ حَدِّثْنِي عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِحَدِيثٍ أَحْفَظُهُ عَنْكَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أُدْرِكْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ لِي مَعَهُ صُحْبَةٌ وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رِجَالًا قَدْ رَأَوْهُ وَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي مِنْ حَدِيثِهِ كَمَا بَلَغَكُمْ وَلَسْتُ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَفْتَحَ هَذَا الْبَابَ عَلَى نَفْسِي أَنْ أَكُونَ مُحَدَّثًا أَوْ قَاضِيًا وَمُفْتِيًا فِي النَّفْسِ شُغْلٌ يَا هَرِمُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَخِي اقْرَأْ عَلَيَّ آيَاتٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ أَسْمَعْهُنَّ مِنْكَ فَإِنِّي أُحَبُّكَ فِي اللَّهِ حُبًّا شَدِيدًا وَادْعُ بِدَعَوَاتٍ وَأَوْصِ بِوَصِيَّةٍ أَحْفَظْهَا عَنْكَ قَالَ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِي عَلَى شَاطِئِ الْفُرَاتِ وَقَالَ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ السَّمِيعِ الْعَلِيمِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ قَالَ فَشَهِقَ شَهْقَةً ثُمَّ بَكَى مَكَانَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ رَبِّي تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ وَأَحَقُّ الْقَوْلِ قَوْلُهُ وَأَصْدَقُ الْحَدِيثِ حَدِيثُهُ وَأَحْسَنُ الْكَلَامِ كَلَامُهُ {وَمَا خَلَقْنَا السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا لَاعِبِينَ مَا خَلَقْنَاهُمَا إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ} [الدخان 39] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {إِلَّا مَنْ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الرَّحِيمُ} [الدخان 42] ثُمَّ شَهِقَ شَهْقَةً ثُمَّ سَكَتَ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَأَنَا أَحْسِبُهُ قَدْ غَشِيَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا هَرِمُ بْنَ حَيَّانَ مَاتَ أَبُوكَ وَأَوْشَكَ أَنْ تَمُوتَ وَمَاتَ أَبُو حَيَّانَ فَإِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ وَمَاتَ آدَمُ وَمَاتَتْ حَوَّاءُ يَا ابْنَ حَيَّانَ وَمَاتَ نُوحٌ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ خَلِيلُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَا ابْنَ حَيَّانَ وَمَاتَ مُوسَى نَجِيُّ الرَّحْمَنِ يَا ابْنَ حَيَّانَ وَمَاتَ دَاوُدُ خَلِيفَةُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَا ابْنَ حَيَّانَ وَمَاتَ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمَاتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ خَلِيفَةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَا ابْنَ حَيَّانَ وَمَاتَ أَخِي وَصَفِيِّي وَصَدِيقِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَاعُمَرَاهُ رَحِمَ اللَّهُ عُمَرَ وَعُمَرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ حَيٌّ وَذَلِكَ فِي آخِرِ خِلَافَتِهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ إِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ بَعْدُ حَيٌّ قَالَ بَلَى إِنْ تَفْهَمْ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا قُلْتُ أَنَا وَأَنْتَ فِي الْمَوْتَى وَكَانَ قَدْ كَانَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَدَعَا بِدَعَوَاتٍ خِفَافٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَذِهِ وَصِيَّتِي إِلَيْكَ يَا هَرِمُ بْنَ حَيَّانَ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ وَاللِّقَاءُ بِالصَّالِحِينَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَالصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَقَدْ نَعَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي وَنَعَيْتُكَ فَعَلَيْكَ بِذِكْرِ الْمَوْتِ فَلَا يُفَارِقَنَّ عَلَيْكَ طَرْفَةً وَأَنْذِرْ قَوْمَكَ إِذَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَيْهِمْ وَانْصَحْ أَهْلَ مِلَّتَكَ جَمِيعًا وَاكْدَحْ لِنَفْسِكَ وَإِيَّاكَ إِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُفَارِقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ فَتُفَارِقَ دِينَكَ وَأَنْتَ لَا تَعْلَمُ فَتَدْخُلُ النَّارَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ هَذَا يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ يُحِبُّنِي فِيكَ وَزَارَنِي مِنْ أَجَلِكَ اللَّهُمَّ عَرِّفْنِي وَجْهَهُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَأَدْخِلْهُ عَلَيَّ زَائِرًا فِي دَارِكَ دَارِ السَّلَامِ وَاحْفَظْهُ مَا دَامَ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَيْثُ مَا كَانَ وَضَمَّ عَلَيْهِ ضَيْعَتَهُ وَرَضِّهِ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا بِالْيَسِيرِ وَمَا أَعْطَيْتَهُ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا فَيَسِّرْهُ لَهُ وَاجْعَلْهُ لِمَا تُعْطِيَهُ مِنْ نِعْمَتِكَ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ وَاجْزِهِ خَيْرَ الْجَزَاءِ اسْتَوْدَعْتُكَ اللَّهَ يَا هَرِمُ بْنَ حَيَّانَ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي لَا أَرَاكَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ رَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ فَإِنِّي أَكْرَهُ الشُّهْرَةَ وَالْوَحْدَةُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ لِأَنِّي شَدِيدُ الْغَمِّ كَثِيرُ الْهَمِّ مَا دُمْتُ مَعَ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّاسِ حَيًّا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَلَا تَسْأَلْ عَنِّي وَلَا تَطْلُبُنِي وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّكَ مِنِّي عَلَى بَالٍ وَلَمْ أَرَكَ وَلَمْ تَرَنِي فَاذْكُرْنِي وَادْعُ لِي فَإِنِّي سَأَذْكُرُكَ وَأَدْعُو لَكَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى انْطَلِقْ هَا هُنَا حَتَّى أَخَذَ هَا هُنَا قَالَ فَحَرَصْتُ عَلَى أَنْ أَسِيرَ مَعَهُ سَاعَةً فَأَبَى عَلَيَّ فَفَارَقْتُهُ يَبْكِي وَأَبْكِي قَالَ فَجَعَلْتُ أَنْظُرُ فِي قَفَاهُ حَتَّى دَخَلَ فِي بَعْضِ السِّكَكِ فَكَمْ طَلَبْتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ فَمَا وَجَدْتُ أَحَدًا يُخْبِرُنِي عَنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ فَرَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ وَغَفَرَ لَهُ وَمَا أَتَتْ عَلَيَّ جُمُعَةٌ إِلَّا وَأَنَا أَرَاهُ فِي مَنَامِي مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ

While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as he was distributing some allotment, Dhu al-Khuwaysirah, a man from Banu Tamim, came to him and said, “O Messenger of Allah, be just!” He said: “Woe to you! Who would be just if I were not just? You would have failed and lost if I were not just.” Umar said, “O Messenger of Allah, permit me concerning him so that I may strike his neck.”

He said: “Leave him, for he has ˹such˺ companions that one of you will consider his prayer insignificant compared to their prayer, and his fasting insignificant compared to their fasting. They recite the Quran but it does not go beyond their throats. They will pass out of the religion as an arrow passes through the game: one looks at its arrowhead and finds nothing on it, then looks at its shaft and finds nothing on it, then looks at its nadiyy —its wooden part— and finds nothing on it, then looks at its feathers and finds nothing on it; it has outstripped the dung and blood. Their sign is a black man, one of whose upper arms is like a woman’s breast, or like a piece of flesh hanging down and quivering. They will emerge at a time of division among the people.”

Abu Saʿid said: I bear witness that I heard this hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I bear witness that Ali b. Abu Talib fought them and I was with him. He ordered that man to be sought, and he was brought until I looked at him matching the description the Prophet ﷺ had given of him.

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَقْسِمُ قَسْمًا، أَتَاهُ ذُو الْخُوَيْصِرَةِ، وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، اعْدِلْ. فَقَالَ: «وَيْلَكَ، وَمَنْ يَعْدِلُ إِذَا لَمْ أَعْدِلْ؟ قَدْ خِبْتَ وَخَسِرْتَ إِنْ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَعْدِلُ». فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ائْذَنْ لِي فِيهِ فَأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ.

فَقَالَ: «دَعْهُ، فَإِنَّ لَهُ أَصْحَابًا، يَحْقِرُ أَحَدُكُمْ صَلَاتَهُ مَعَ صَلَاتِهِمْ، وَصِيَامَهُ مَعَ صِيَامِهِمْ، يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ لَا يُجَاوِزُ تَرَاقِيَهُمْ، يَمْرُقُونَ مِنَ الدِّينِ كَمَا يَمْرُقُ السَّهْمُ مِنَ الرَّمِيَّةِ، يُنْظَرُ إِلَى نَصْلِهِ فَلَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى رِصَافِهِ فَمَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى نَضِيِّهِ، وَهُوَ قِدْحُهُ، فَلَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى قُذَذِهِ فَلَا يُوجَدُ فِيهِ شَيْءٌ، قَدْ سَبَقَ الْفَرْثَ وَالدَّمَ، آيَتُهُمْ رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ، إِحْدَى عَضُدَيْهِ مِثْلُ ثَدْيِ الْمَرْأَةِ، أَوْ مِثْلُ الْبَضْعَةِ تَدَرْدَرُ، وَيَخْرُجُونَ عَلَى حِينِ فُرْقَةٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ».

قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ: فَأَشْهَدُ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَاتَلَهُمْ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ، فَأَمَرَ بِذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ فَالْتُمِسَ، فَأُتِيَ بِهِ حَتَّى نَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ عَلَى نَعْتِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الَّذِي نَعَتَهُ.

Give the masajid their due, ˹offer˺ two rakahs before you sit down.

"أعْطُوا المساجدَ حقها، ركعتان قبل أَن تجلِسُوا".

Abu Bakra reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Shall I tell you which is the worst of the major wrong actions?" "Yes, Messenger of Allah," they replied. He said, "Associating something else with Allah and disobeying parents." He had been reclining but then he sat up and said, "and false witness." ˹Abu Bakrah said,˺ "He continued to repeat it until I said, 'Is he going to stop?'"

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: «أَلاَ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِأَكْبَرِ الْكَبَائِرِ؟» ثَلاَثًا قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ: «الإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ وَعُقُوقُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ» وَجَلَسَ وَكَانَ مُتَّكِئًا «أَلاَ وَقَوْلُ الزُّورِ» مَا زَالَ يُكَرِّرُهَا حَتَّى قُلْتُ: لَيْتَهُ سَكَتَ.

I was with the Najdāt (a group from the sect of Khawārij) and I committed sins that I see as nothing but among the major sins. I mentioned that to Ibn ʿUmar, and he said, “What are they?” I said such-and-such. He said, “These are not among the major sins. They are nine: (1) associating partners with Allah, (2) killing a soul, (3) fleeing from the battlefield, (4) falsely accusing a chaste woman, (5) consuming usury, (6) consuming the wealth of an orphan, (7) committing sacrilege in the Sacred Mosque, (8) the one who mocks, and (9) making one’s parents weep because of disobedience.”

Ibn ʿUmar said to me, “Do you dread the Fire and love to enter Paradise?” I said, “Yes, by Allah.” He said, “Is your father alive?” I said, “I have my mother.” He said, “By Allah, if you speak gently to her and feed her, you will surely enter Paradise, so long as you avoid the major sins.”

كُنْتُ مَعَ النَّجَدَاتِ، فَأَصَبْتُ ذُنُوبًا لاَ أَرَاهَا إِلاَّ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ. فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: مَا هِيَ؟ قُلْتُ: كَذَا وَكَذَا. قَالَ: لَيْسَتْ هَذِهِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ، هُنَّ تِسْعٌ: (١) الإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ (٢) وَقَتْلُ نَسَمَةٍ (٣) وَالْفِرَارُ مِنَ الزَّحْفِ (٤) وَقَذْفُ الْمُحْصَنَةِ (٥) وَأَكْلُ الرِّبَا (٦) وَأَكْلُ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ (٧) وَإِلْحَادٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ (٨) وَالَّذِي يَسْتَسْخِرُ (٩) وَبُكَاءُ الْوَالِدَيْنِ مِنَ الْعُقُوقِ.

قَالَ لِي ابْنُ عُمَرَ: أَتَفْرَقُ النَّارَ وَتُحِبُّ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ الْجَنَّةَ؟ قُلْتُ: إِي وَاللَّهِ! قَالَ: أَحَيٌّ وَالِدُكَ؟ قُلْتُ عِنْدِي أُمِّي. قَالَ: فَوَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَلَنْتَ لَهَا الْكَلاَمَ وَأَطْعَمْتَهَا الطَّعَامَ لَتَدْخُلَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ مَا اجْتَنَبْتَ الْكَبَائِرَ.

He said: “And lower for them the wing of humility out of mercy.” (Isra 17:24) He said: Do not withhold from them anything they love.

قَالَ: ﴿وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ﴾ [الإسراء ٢٤] قَالَ: لاَ تَمْتَنِعْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَحَبَّاهُ.

a man came to the Prophet ﷺ and made a pledge to him that he would do hijrah. He left his parents who were in tears. The Prophet said, "Go back to them and make them laugh as you made them weep."

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُبَايِعُهُ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ وَتَرَكَ أَبَوَيْهِ يَبْكِيَانِ فَقَالَ: «ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِمَا وَأَضْحِكْهُمَا كَمَا أَبْكَيْتَهُمَا»

from his father that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When we reached Bayt al-Maqdis (al-Aqsa), Jibril pointed with his finger causing a crack in the rock, and he tied Buraq to it.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَمَّا انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ قَالَ جِبْرِيلُ بِأُصْبُعِهِ فَخَرَقَ بِهَا الْحَجَرَ وَشَدَّ بِهِ الْبُرَاقَ»

[AI] ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, whenever reinforcements from the people of Yemen came to him, would ask them, “Is there among you Uways ibn ʿĀmir?” until he came upon Uways. He said, “Are you Uways ibn ʿĀmir?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “From Murād, then from Qaran?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “Did you have leprosy and then were cured of it except for the spot the size of a dirham?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “Do you have a mother?” He replied, “Yes.” He said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Uways ibn ʿĀmir will come to you with the reinforcements from the people of Yemen, from Murād, then from Qaran. He had leprosy and was cured of it except for a spot the size of a dirham. He has a mother, and he is dutiful to her. If he were to swear an oath by Allah, Allah would fulfill it for him. So if you are able to have him seek forgiveness for you, then do so.’”

So he said, “Seek forgiveness for me.” And he sought forgiveness for him. Then ʿUmar said to him, “Where do you intend to go?” He replied, “To Kūfah.” He said, “Shall I not write for you to its governor?” He replied, “Being among the common folk is dearer to me.”

He said: Then in the following year a man from their nobles performed Hajj and met ʿUmar, and he asked him about Uways. He said, “I left him in a shabby home, with little property.” He said, “I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘Uways ibn ʿĀmir will come to you with the reinforcements from the people of Yemen, from Murād, then from Qaran. He had leprosy and was cured of it except for a spot the size of a dirham. He has a mother, and he is dutiful to her. If he were to swear an oath by Allah, Allah would fulfill it for him. So if you are able to have him seek forgiveness for you, then do so.’”

So he went to Uways and said, “Seek forgiveness for me.” He said, “You have more recently returned from a righteous journey, so seek forgiveness for me.” He said, “Seek forgiveness for me.” He said, “You have more recently returned from a righteous journey, so seek forgiveness for me.” He said, “Did you meet ʿUmar?” He replied, “Yes.” So he sought forgiveness for him.

Then the people noticed him, so he went away on his own. Usayr said, “And I clothed him with a cloak, and whenever anyone saw him he would say, ‘Where did Uways get this cloak from?’”

كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ إِذَا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ أَمْدَادُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ سَأَلَهُمْ: أَفِيكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ؟ حَتَّى أَتَى عَلَى أُوَيْسٍ، فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: مِنْ مُرَادٍ، ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَكَانَ بِكَ بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأْتَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: لَكَ وَالِدَةٌ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ، مِنْ مُرَادٍ، ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ، كَانَ بِهِ بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ، لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ، هُوَ بِهَا بَرٌّ، لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ، فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ».

فَقَالَ: اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ: أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ: الْكُوفَةَ. قَالَ: أَلَا أَكْتُبُ لَكَ إِلَى عَامِلِهَا؟ قَالَ: أَكُونُ فِي غَبْرَاءِ النَّاسِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ.

قَالَ: فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ حَجَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِهِمْ، فَوَافَقَ عُمَرَ، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ أُوَيْسٍ. قَالَ: تَرَكْتُهُ رَثَّ الْبَيْتِ، قَلِيلَ الْمَتَاعِ. قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «يَأْتِي عَلَيْكُمْ أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ مَعَ أَمْدَادِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ، مِنْ مُرَادٍ، ثُمَّ مِنْ قَرَنٍ، كَانَ بِهِ بَرَصٌ فَبَرَأَ مِنْهُ إِلَّا مَوْضِعَ دِرْهَمٍ، لَهُ وَالِدَةٌ، هُوَ بِهَا بَرٌّ، لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لَأَبَرَّهُ، فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَ لَكَ فَافْعَلْ».

فَأَتَى أُوَيْسًا، فَقَالَ: اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. قَالَ: أَنْتَ أَحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ، فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. قَالَ: اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. قَالَ: أَنْتَ أَحْدَثُ عَهْدًا بِسَفَرٍ صَالِحٍ، فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. قَالَ: لَقِيتَ عُمَرَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. فَاسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ.

فَفَطِنَ لَهُ النَّاسُ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ. قَالَ أُسَيْرٌ: وَكَسَوْتُهُ بُرْدَةً، فَكَانَ كُلَّمَا رَآهُ إِنْسَانٌ قَالَ: مِنْ أَيْنَ لِأُوَيْسٍ هَذِهِ الْبُرْدَةُ؟

that Umar ibn al-Khattab had a dispute brought to him between a muslim and a jew. Umar saw that the right belonged to the jew and decided in his favour. The jew said to him, "By Allah! You have judged correctly.'' So Umar ibn al-Khattab struck him with a whip and said, "How can you be sure?" The jew said to him, "We find that there is no judge who judges correctly but that there is an angel on his right side and an angel on his left side who guide him and give him success in the truth as long as he is with the truth. When he leaves the truth, they rise and leave him."

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ اخْتَصَمَ إِلَيْهِ مُسْلِمٌ وَيَهُودِيٌّ فَرَأَى عُمَرُ أَنَّ الْحَقَّ لِلْيَهُودِيِّ فَقَضَى لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ قَضَيْتَ بِالْحَقِّ فَضَرَبَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بِالدِّرَّةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْيَهُودِيُّ إِنَّا نَجِدُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ قَاضٍ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِّ إِلاَّ كَانَ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ مَلَكٌ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ مَلَكٌ يُسَدِّدَانِهِ وَيُوَفِّقَانِهِ لِلْحَقِّ مَادَامَ مَعَ الْحَقِّ فَإِذَا تَرَكَ الْحَقَّ عَرَجَا وَتَرَكَاهُ

That a woman went out during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intending to pray, and a man met her, overpowered her, and satisfied his desire with her. She screamed, and he went away. Then another man passed by her, and she said: “That man did such-and-such to me.” And a group of the Muhajirun passed by, and she said: “That man did such-and-such to me.” So they went off and seized the man whom she thought had assaulted her, and they brought him to her, and she said: “Yes, this is he.” Then they brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.

When he ordered that he be stoned, the man who had assaulted her stood up and said: “O Messenger of Allah, I am the one.” He said to her: “Go, for Allah has forgiven you.” He spoke kindly to the ˹falsely accused˺ man, and he said regarding the man who had assaulted her: “Stone him.” And he said: “He has repented with a repentance such that if the people of Madinah were to repent with it, it would be accepted from them.”

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً خَرَجَتْ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ تُرِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ، فَتَلَقَّاهَا رَجُلٌ، فَتَجَلَّلَهَا، فَقَضَى حَاجَتَهُ مِنْهَا، فَصَاحَتْ، فَانْطَلَقَ. وَمَرَّ عَلَيْهَا رَجُلٌ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلَ فَعَلَ بِي كَذَا وَكَذَا. وَمَرَّتْ بِعِصَابَةٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلَ فَعَلَ بِي كَذَا وَكَذَا. فَانْطَلَقُوا، فَأَخَذُوا الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي ظَنَّتْ أَنَّهُ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا، وَأَتَوْهَا، فَقَالَتْ: نَعَمْ، هُوَ هَذَا. فَأَتَوْا بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ.

فَلَمَّا أَمَرَ بِهِ لِيُرْجَمَ، قَامَ صَاحِبُهَا الَّذِي وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَنَا صَاحِبُهَا. فَقَالَ لَهَا: «اذْهَبِي، فَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَكِ». وَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ قَوْلًا حَسَنًا، وَقَالَ لِلرَّجُلِ الَّذِي وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا: «ارْجُمُوهُ». وَقَالَ: «لَقَدْ تَابَ تَوْبَةً، لَوْ تَابَهَا أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ لَقُبِلَ مِنْهُمْ».

A man who had drunk ˹alcohol˺ was brought to the Prophet ﷺ, and he said, “Beat him!” Abu Hurayrah said: Some of us struck him with their hands, some struck him with their sandals, and some struck him with their garments. When he turned away, some people said, “May Allah disgrace you!” He said, “Do not say that; do not help Satan against him.”

أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِرَجُلٍ قَدْ شَرِبَ، قَالَ: «اضْرِبُوهُ!». قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: فَمِنَّا الضَّارِبُ بِيَدِهِ وَالضَّارِبُ بِنَعْلِهِ وَالضَّارِبُ بِثَوْبِهِ. فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ: أَخْزَاكَ اللَّهُ!، قَالَ: «لاَ تَقُولُوا هَكَذَا، لاَ تُعِينُوا عَلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانَ».

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “All of my Ummah will be pardoned except those who publicize their sins. Indeed, part of shamelessness is that a man commits a deed at night and then morning comes while Allah has concealed him. Yet he says, ‘O so-and-so, last night I did such-and-such,’ while his Lord had covered him during the night, and in the morning he reveals Allah’s covering from himself.”

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «كُلُّ أُمَّتِي مُعَافًى إِلاَّ الْمُجَاهِرِينَ، وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْمَجَانَةِ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ الرَّجُلُ بِاللَّيْلِ عَمَلاً ثُمَّ يُصْبِحَ وَقَدْ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ فَيَقُولَ: يَا فُلاَنُ عَمِلْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، وَقَدْ بَاتَ يَسْتُرُهُ رَبُّهُ، وَيُصْبِحُ يَكْشِفُ سِتْرَ اللَّهِ عَنْهُ».

The Prophet ﷺ said: “No servant conceals ˹the faults of˺ another servant in this world except that Allah will conceal for him on the Day of Judgement.”

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «لاَ يَسْتُرُ عَبْدٌ عَبْدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا إِلاَّ سَتَرَهُ اللَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “You will surely give rights back to those entitled to them on the Day of Judgement, until even retaliation is taken for the hornless sheep from the horned sheep.”

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «لَتُؤَدُّنَّ الْحُقُوقَ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حَتَّى يُقَادَ لِلشَّاةِ الْجَلْحَاءِ مِنَ الشَّاةِ الْقَرْنَاءِ».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Come toward the pulpit," and we all came. When he climbed a step, he said, "Āmīn", and when he climbed the second step he said, "Āmīn", and when he climbed the third step he said, "Āmīn.” When he came down ˹after the sermon˺ we asked, "O Messenger of Allah, we heard something from you that we had not heard before."

He said, "Jibrīl ﷺ ˹came˺ to me and said, (1) 'Away with the one who found Ramadan and he was not forgiven.'", and I said, 'Āmīn.'"

"When I climbed the second ˹step˺ he said, 'Away with the one to him when I (Allah) am mentioned and he does not send ṣalāh upon you.'"

"When I climbed the third ˹step˺ he said, 'Away with the one who finds his parents in old age or ˹at least˺ one of them and they do not become ˹a means˺ for him to enter Jannah.' And I said, 'Āmīn.'"

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «احْضَرُوا الْمِنْبَرَ» فَحَضَرْنَا فَلَمَّا ارْتَقَى دَرَجَةً قَالَ «آمِينَ»، فَلَمَّا ارْتَقَى الدَّرَجَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ قَالَ «آمِينَ» فَلَمَّا ارْتَقَى الدَّرَجَةَ الثَّالِثَةَ قَالَ «آمِينَ» فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ قُلْنَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعْنَا مِنْكَ الْيَوْمَ شَيْئًا مَا كُنَّا نَسْمَعُهُ۔

قَالَ: «إِنَّ جِبْرِيلَ ﷺ عَرَضَ لِي فَقَالَ: بُعْدًا لِمَنْ أَدْرَكَ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمْ يَغْفَرْ لَهُ. قُلْتُ: آمِينَ».

«فَلَمَّا رَقِيتُ الثَّانِيَةَ قَالَ: بُعْدًا لِمَنْ ذُكِرْتُ عِنْدَهُ فَلَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَيْكَ. قُلْتُ: آمِينَ».

«فَلَمَّا رَقِيتُ الثَّالِثَةَ قَالَ: بُعْدًا لِمَنْ أَدْرَكَ أَبَوَاهُ الْكِبَرَ عِنْدَهُ أَوْ أَحَدُهُمَا فَلَمْ يُدْخِلَاهُ الْجَنَّةَ. قُلْتُ: آمِينَ».

I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, "Indeed, anyone who fasts for one day for Allah's Pleasure, Allah will keep his face away from the (Hell) fire for (a distance covered by a journey of) seventy years."

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «مَنْ صَامَ يَوْمًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بَعَّدَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَهُ عَنِ النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا».

Every servant of Allah who observes fast for a day in the way of Allah, Allah would remove, because of this day, his face farther from the Fire (of Hell) to the extent of seventy years' distance.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ بَاعَدَ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَجْهَهُ عَنِ النَّارِ سَبْعِينَ خَرِيفًا».

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Fasting is a shield (or a screen or a shelter). So, the person observing fasting should avoid sexual relation with his wife and should not behave foolishly and impudently, and if somebody fights with him or abuses him, he should tell him twice, 'I am fasting."

The Prophet ﷺ added, "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, the smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk. (Allah says about the fasting person), 'He has left his food, drink and desires for My sake. The fast is for Me. So I will reward (the fasting person) for it and the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ: فَلاَ يَرْفُثْ، وَلاَ يَجْهَلْ؛ وَإِنِ امْرُؤٌ قَاتَلَهُ أَوْ شَاتَمَهُ فَلْيَقُلْ: إِنِّي صَائِمٌ مَرَّتَيْنِ».

«وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ: يَتْرُكُ طَعَامَهُ، وَشَرَابَهُ، وَشَهْوَتَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِي؛ الصِّيَامُ لِي وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ وَالْحَسَنَةُ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا».

that the Prophet of Allah ﷺ would stand in prayer at night until his feet became cracked, so Aishah said: “Why do you do this, O Messenger of Allah, when Allah has forgiven you what came before of your sins and what came after?” He said: “Should I not love to be a grateful servant?”

Then, when his flesh increased (i.e., he became heavier), he prayed sitting; and when he wanted to bow, he would stand, recite, then bow.

أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُومُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ حَتَّى تَتَفَطَّرَ قَدَمَاهُ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: لِمَ تَصْنَعُ هَذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللَّهُ لَكَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِكَ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ؟ قَالَ: «أَفَلاَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَكُونَ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا؟».

فَلَمَّا كَثُرَ لَحْمُهُ صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَإِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْكَعَ قَامَ فَقَرَأَ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ

[AI] The Prophet ﷺ said: “Indeed Allah, Mighty and Exalted, says: ‘O son of Adam, devote yourself to My worship; I will fill your chest with richness and I will suffice your poverty. But if you do not, I will fill your hands with preoccupations and I will not suffice your poverty.’”

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَلَا يَقُولُ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ تَفَرَّغْ لِعِبَادَتِي أَمْلَأْ صَدْرَكَ غِنًى وَأَسُدَّ فَقْرَكَ وَإِنْ لَا تَفْعَلْ مَلَأْتُ يَدَكَ شُغْلًا وَلَمْ أَسُدَّ فَقْرَكَ»

from the Prophet ﷺ who said: “Indeed, Allah, Exalted is He, says: ‘O son of Adam, devote yourself to My worship; I will fill your chest with richness and I will suffice your poverty. But if you do not, I will fill your hands with preoccupation and I will not suffice your poverty.’”

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: (يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ تَفَرَّغْ لِعِبَادَتِي، أَمْلأْ صَدْرَكَ غِنًى، وَأَسُدَّ فَقْرَكَ، وَإِلاَّ تَفْعَلْ مَلأْتُ يَدَيْكَ شُغْلاً وَلَمْ أَسُدَّ فَقْرَكَ)».

he said: There is no Muslim who has two Muslim parents and begins the day with them seeking reward ˹from Allah˺ except that Allah opens for him two gates —meaning, of Paradise— and if there is only one ˹parent˺, then ˹this is true for the˺ one. If he angers one of them, Allah will not be pleased with him until that parent is pleased with him. It was said: Even if they wrong him? He said: Even if they wrong him.

قَالَ: مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ لَهُ وَالِدَانِ مُسْلِمَانِ يُصْبِحُ إِلَيْهِمَا مُحْتَسِبًا، إِلَّا فَتَحَ لَهُ اللَّهُ بَابَيْنِ – يَعْنِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ – وَإِنْ كَانَ وَاحِدًا فَوَاحِدٌ. وَإِنْ أَغْضَبَ أَحَدَهُمَا لَمْ يَرْضَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ حَتَّى يَرْضَى عَنْهُ. قِيلَ: وَإِنْ ظَلَمَاهُ؟ قَالَ: وَإِنْ ظَلَمَاهُ.

The Prophet was asked, "O Messenger of Allah, to whom should I be dutiful?" "Your mother," he replied. He was asked, "Then whom?" "Your mother," he replied. He was asked, "Then whom?" "Your mother," he replied. He was asked, "Then whom?" He replied, "Your father."

قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَبَرُّ؟ قَالَ: «أُمَّكَ»، قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «أُمَّكَ»، قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «أُمَّكَ»، قَالَ: ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ: «أَبَاكَ».

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allah ˹audits˺ his creation during the night of the middle of ˹the month of ˺ Shaʿbān then He forgives all His servants, except for the one filled with hate or a murderer."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «يَطَّلِعُ اللهُ ﷻ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ لَيْلَةَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَيَغْفِرُ لِعِبَادِهِ إِلَّا لِاثْنَيْنِ مُشَاحِنٍ وَقَاتِلِ نَفْسٍ».

When Abu Talib died, the Prophet ﷺ set out for Taif on foot. He called them to Islam, but they did not respond to him, so he turned away. He came to the shade of a tree and prayed two rak‘ahs, then said: “O Allah, to You I complain of my weakness, my lack of resources, and my humiliation before people. Most Merciful of the merciful, You are the Most Merciful of the merciful. To whom will You entrust me? To an enemy who meets me with a scowling face, or to a relative to whom You have given authority over my affairs?"

"If You are not angry with me, then I do not mind; Your forgiveness is more expansive for me. I seek refuge in the nur of Your Face by which the darknesses are illuminated and by which the affairs of this world and the Hereafter are set aright, lest You send down upon me Your anger or cause Your displeasure to befall me. To You belongs the right to pleasure until You are pleased. There is no power except through You.”

لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الطَّائِفِ مَاشِيًا عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَلَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ فَانْصَرَفَ فَأَتَى ظِلَّ شَجَرَةٍ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «اللهُمَّ إِلَيْكَ أَشْكُو ضَعْفَ قُوَّتِي وَقِلَّةَ حِيلَتِي وَهَوَانِي عَلَى النَّاسِ، أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ، أَنْتَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ. إِلَى مَنْ تَكِلُنِي؟ إِلَى عَدُوٍّ يَتَجَهَّمُنِي؟ أَمْ إِلَى قَرِيبٍ مَلَّكْتَهُ أَمْرِي؟

إِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ غَضْبَانًا عَلَيَّ فَلَا أُبَالِي. إِنَّ عَافِيَتَكَ أَوْسَعُ لِي. أَعُوذُ بِنُورِ وَجْهِكَ – الَّذِي أَشْرَقَتْ لَهُ الظُّلُمَاتُ، وَصَلَحَ عَلَيْهِ أَمَرُ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ – أَنْ تُنْزِلَ بِي غَضَبَكَ، أَوْ تُحِلَّ عَلَيَّ سَخَطَكَ. لَكَ الْعُتْبَى حَتَّى تَرْضَى، لَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِكَ».

Two men came to him during the turmoil of Ibn al-Zubayr and said, “The people have been neglected, and you are Ibn ʿUmar, a Companion of the Prophet ﷺ. What is preventing you from going out?” He said, “What prevents me is that Allah has forbidden the blood of my brother.” They said, “Did Allah not say, ‘Fight them until there is no fitnah’?” He said, “We fought until there was no fitnah and the religion was for Allah, while you want to fight until there is fitnah and the religion is for other than Allah.”

ʿUthmān b. Salih > Ibn Wahb > so-and-so and Ḥaywah b. Shurayḥ > Bakr b. ʿAmr al-Maʿāfirī > Bukayr b. ʿAbdullāh > Nāfiʿ, that a man came to Ibn ʿUmar and said, “O Abu ʿAbd al-Rahman, what led you to perform Hajj one year and ʿUmrah one year, and to leave jihad in the path of Allah, though you know what Allah has encouraged regarding it?” He said, “O son of my brother, Islam is built upon five: faith in Allah and His Messenger, the five prayers, fasting Ramadan, paying zakat, and pilgrimage to the House.”

He said, “O Abu ʿAbd al-Rahman, do you not hear what Allah mentions in His Book: ‘If two groups of the believers fight, then reconcile between them … until the command of Allah,’ and: ‘Fight them until there is no fitnah’?” He said, “We did that in the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, when Islam was a minority. A man would be put to trial in his religion: either they would kill him or they would torture him, until Islam increased and there was no fitnah.”

He said, “Then what do you say about ʿAli and ʿUthman?” He said, “As for ʿUthman, it is as though Allah has pardoned him, while you disliked to pardon him. And as for ʿAli, he is the cousin of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his son-in-law,” and he gestured with his hand and said, “This is his house where you see.”

أَتَاهُ رَجُلَانِ فِي فِتْنَةِ ابْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، فَقَالَا: إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ ضُيِّعُوا، وَأَنْتَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَصَاحِبُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَمَا يَمْنَعُكَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ؟ فَقَالَ: يَمْنَعُنِي أَنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ دَمَ أَخِي. فَقَالَا: أَلَمْ يَقُلِ اللَّهُ: ﴿وَقَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ﴾؟ فَقَالَ: قَاتَلْنَا حَتَّىٰ لَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ، وَكَانَ الدِّينُ لِلَّهِ، وَأَنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تُقَاتِلُوا حَتَّىٰ تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ، وَيَكُونَ الدِّينُ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ.

وَزَادَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي فُلَانٌ، وَحَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ، عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْمَعَافِرِيِّ، أَنَّ بُكَيْرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَهُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى ابْنَ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنْ تَحُجَّ عَامًا، وَتَعْتَمِرَ عَامًا، وَتَتْرُكَ الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ﷻ، وَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا رَغَّبَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، بُنِيَ الإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ: إِيمَانٍ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَالصَّلَاةِ الْخَمْسِ، وَصِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ، وَأَدَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَحَجِّ الْبَيْتِ.

فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، أَلَا تَسْمَعُ مَا ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: ﴿وَإِنْ طَائِفَتَانِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْتَتَلُوا فَأَصْلِحُوا بَيْنَهُمَا ... إِلَىٰ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ﴾، ﴿قَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّىٰ لَا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ﴾؟ فَقَالَ: فَعَلْنَا عَلَىٰ عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ الإِسْلَامُ قَلِيلًا، فَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُفْتَنُ فِي دِينِهِ، إِمَّا قَتَلُوهُ وَإِمَّا يُعَذِّبُوهُ، حَتَّىٰ كَثُرَ الإِسْلَامُ، فَلَمْ تَكُنْ فِتْنَةٌ.

قَالَ: فَمَا قَوْلُكَ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَعُثْمَانَ؟ قَالَ: أَمَّا عُثْمَانُ، فَكَأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَفَا عَنْهُ، وَأَمَّا أَنْتُمْ فَكَرِهْتُمْ أَنْ تَعْفُوا عَنْهُ، وَأَمَّا عَلِيٌّ، فَابْنُ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَخَتَنُهُ، وَأَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ: هَذَا بَيْتُهُ حَيْثُ تَرَوْنَ.

from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ "Allah ˹audits˺ during the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān and then He forgives all His creation except for the one who associates partners with him and the one filled with hate."

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَطَّلِعُ فِي لَيْلَةِ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَيَغْفِرُ لِجَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ إِلاَّ لِمُشْرِكٍ أَوْ مُشَاحِنٍ».

from the Prophet ﷺ who said, "Allah ˹audits˺ His creation on the middle night of Shaʿbān and He forgives all of His creation, except for an idolater or one filled with malice."

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «يَطْلُعُ اللَّهُ إِلَى خَلْقِهِ فِي لَيْلَةِ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَيَغْفِرُ لِجَمِيعِ خَلْقِهِ إِلَّا لِمُشْرِكٍ أَوْ مُشَاحِنٍ».

Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioned Ramadan and said, "Do not fast unless you see the crescent (of Ramadan), and do not give up fasting till you see the crescent (of Shawwal), but if the sky is overcast (if you cannot see it), then act on estimation (i.e. count Sha'ban as 30 days).

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَكَرَ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ لاَ تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوُا الْهِلاَلَ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدُرُوا لَهُ

"When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived- meaning in Al-Madinah – the people came out to meet him. It was said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had arrived, so I went among the people to get a look at him. When I gazed upon the face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I knew that this face was not the face of a liar.

The first thing that he spoke about was that he said: 'O you people! Spread the Salam, feed(others), and perform Salat while the people are sleeping; you will enter Paradise with (the greeting of) Salam.'"

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ انْجَفَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ وَقِيلَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَجِئْتُ فِي النَّاسِ لأَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا اسْتَبَنْتُ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّ وَجْهَهُ لَيْسَ بِوَجْهِ كَذَّابٍ

وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ شَيْءٍ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ أَنْ قَالَ: «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَفْشُوا السَّلاَمَ وَأَطْعِمُوا الطَّعَامَ وَصَلُّوا وَالنَّاسُ نِيَامٌ تَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ بِسَلاَمٍ»

It was said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: Which of the people is best? He said, “Everyone who has a makhmūm (tented) heart with a truthful tongue.” They said: Truthful tongue we know of, ˹however˺ what is makhmūm heart?’ He said: “It is one that is God-conscious and an untainted one: one that has no sin, injustice, rancor, or envy in it.”

قَالَ: قِيلَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَىُّ النَّاسِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ: «كُلُّ مَخْمُومِ الْقَلْبِ صَدُوقِ اللِّسَانِ». قَالُوا: صَدُوقُ اللِّسَانِ نَعْرِفُهُ فَمَا مَخْمُومُ الْقَلْبِ؟ قَالَ: «هُوَ التَّقِيُّ النَّقِيُّ: لاَ إِثْمَ فِيهِ وَلاَ بَغْىَ وَلاَ غِلَّ وَلاَ حَسَدَ».

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "I have been ordered to fight against the people until they testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and offer the prayers perfectly and give the obligatory charity, so if they perform that, then they save their lives and property from me except for Islamic laws and then their reckoning (accounts) will be done by Allah."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى: يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلاَةَ، وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ۔ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ، عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلاَّ بِحَقِّ الإِسْلاَمِ، وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Islam is built upon five: bearing witness that there is no deity except Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger; establishing the prayer; giving the zakah; performing pilgrimage to the House; and fasting Ramadan.”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «بُنِيَ الإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ: شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ، وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَحَجِّ الْبَيْتِ، وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ».

I asked al-Qasim b. Muhammad about a man who has three dwellings and bequeathed one third of each dwelling. He said: All of that is combined into a single dwelling. Then he said: Aishah told me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever does a deed that is not in accordance with our command, it is rejected.”

سَأَلْتُ الْقَاسِمَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ رَجُلٍ لَهُ ثَلاَثَةُ مَسَاكِنَ فَأَوْصَى بِثُلُثِ كُلِّ مَسْكَنٍ مِنْهَا قَالَ: يُجْمَعُ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ فِي مَسْكَنٍ وَاحِدٍ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلاً لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُنَا فَهُوَ رَدٌّ».

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever innovates something in this affair of ours that is not from it, then it is rejected."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever introduces into this matter of ours something that is not part of it, it is rejected.”

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ»۔

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who is truthful and confirmed in truth, told us: “Indeed, each one of you is brought together in his mother’s womb for forty days; then he becomes a clinging clot for a similar period; then he becomes a morsel of flesh for a similar period. Then Allah sends an angel and he is commanded with four matters, and it is said to him: Write his deeds, his provision, his lifespan, and whether he will be wretched or blessed. Then the soul is breathed into him.”

“Indeed, one of you may act until there is only an arm’s length between him and Paradise, then what has been written overtakes him, so he acts with the deeds of the people of the Fire. And one of you may act until there is only an arm’s length between him and the Fire, then what has been written overtakes him, so he acts with the deeds of the people of Paradise.”

حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَهْوَ الصَّادِقُ الْمَصْدُوقُ، قَالَ: «إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يُجْمَعُ خَلْقُهُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ عَلَقَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ مُضْغَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُ اللَّهُ مَلَكًا فَيُؤْمَرُ بِأَرْبَعِ كَلِمَاتٍ، وَيُقَالُ لَهُ: اكْتُبْ عَمَلَهُ، وَرِزْقَهُ، وَأَجَلَهُ، وَشَقِيٌّ أَوْ سَعِيدٌ، ثُمَّ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ الرُّوحُ».

«فَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ مِنْكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا ذِرَاعٌ، فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابُهُ، فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، وَيَعْمَلُ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ النَّارِ إِلَّا ذِرَاعٌ، فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ، فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ».

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ told us, and he is the truthful one, believed: “Indeed, the creation of each one of you is gathered in his mother’s womb for forty days; then he becomes in that a clot for a similar period; then he becomes in that a morsel of flesh for a similar period. Then the angel is sent, and he breathes the spirit into him, and he is commanded with four matters: to write down his provision, his lifespan, his deeds, and whether he will be wretched or blessed.”

“By the One besides whom there is no deity, one of you may do the deeds of the people of Paradise until there is only an arm’s length between him and it, then what is written overtakes him and he does the deeds of the people of the Fire and enters it. And one of you may do the deeds of the people of the Fire until there is only an arm’s length between him and it, then what is written overtakes him and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and enters it.”

حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَهُوَ الصَّادِقُ الْمَصْدُوقُ: «إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يُجْمَعُ خَلْقُهُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَقَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ فِي ذَلِكَ مُضْغَةً مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ يُرْسَلُ الْمَلَكُ فَيَنْفُخُ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ، وَيُؤْمَرُ بِأَرْبَعِ كَلِمَاتٍ، بِكَتْبِ رِزْقِهِ، وَأَجَلِهِ، وَعَمَلِهِ، وَشَقِيٌّ أَوْ سَعِيدٌ». 

«فَوَالَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، حَتَّى مَا يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إِلَّا ذِرَاعٌ، فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ، فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، فَيَدْخُلُهَا. وَإِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، حَتَّى مَا يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إِلَّا ذِرَاعٌ، فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ، فَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، فَيَدْخُلُهَا».

the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Islam is based on ˹the following˺ five ˹practices˺: (1) to ˹verbally˺ testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah, (2) to establish the Ṣalāh (five regular ritual prayers), (3) to give the Zakāh (obligatory charity), (4) ˹to perform˺ the Ḥajj (annual pilgrimage to Makkah), and (5) to observe fasts ˹during the month˺ of Ramaḍān."

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «بُنِيَ الإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ: (١) شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، (٢) وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاَةِ، (٣) وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، (٤) وَالْحَجِّ، (٥) وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ»