The one who is most versed in Allah's Book should act as Imam for the people, but If they are equally versed in reciting it, then the one who has most knowledge regarding Sunnah if they are equal regarding the Sunnah, then the earliest one to emigrate; it they emigrated at the same time, then the earliest one to embrace Islam. No man must lead another in prayer where (the latter) has authority, or sit in his place of honour in his house, without his permission. Ashajj in his narration used the word," age" in place of" Islam". (Using translation from Muslim 673a)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللهِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ لِلسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سِنًّا وَلَا يُؤَمُّ الرَّجُلُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يُجْلَسُ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Make your leaders the best among you, for they are your representatives between you and your Lord." The authenticity of this hadith is weak.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اجْعَلُوا أَئِمَّتَكُمْ خِيَارَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ وَفْدُكُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّكُمْ إِسْنَادُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] Because his father was not known.  

لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يُعْرَفُ أَبُوهُ  

I asked AbulAshhab: Did AbdurRahman ibn Tarafah meet his grandfather Arfajah? He replied: Yes. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4233)   

سَأَلْتُ عَطَاءَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَاءِ إِنْ مَرِضَ أَعُودُهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ مَاتَ أُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ شَهِدَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ يَؤُمُّ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ  

[Machine] "Verily, the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: 'The child of adultery is the worst of the three. If his parents embrace Islam and he does not, then the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: 'He is the worst of the three.' And it is narrated from Aisha that she said: 'He is not burdened with the sins of his parents.' Allah, may He be exalted, says: 'No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another.' [Surah Al-An'am 164], meaning the child of adultery. And it is narrated by Ash-Sha'bi, An-Nakha'i, and Az-Zuhri regarding the child of adultery that he will lead prayers."  

اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا قَالَ وَلَدُ الزِّنَاءِ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ إِنْ أَبَوََيْهِ أَسْلَمَا وَلَمْ يُسَلِمْ هُوَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هُوَ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ وِزْرِ أَبَوَيْهِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {لَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [الأنعام 164] تَعْنِي وَلَدَ الزِّنَاءِ وَعَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَاءِ أَنَّهُ يَؤُمُّ