[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no prayer for one who does not recite the Opening Chapter of the Book."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no prayer for the one who does not recite Surah Al-Fatiha."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the morning prayer with us, and the recitation became heavy for him. When he finished, he said, "I see that you all recite behind your imam?" We replied, "Yes, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah, we do this." He said, "Do not do so, except with the mother of the Quran, for there is no prayer for one who does not recite it according to the narration of Al-Tinnukhi and likewise."  

صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْغَدَاةِ فَثَقُلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْقِرَاءَةُ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ إِنِّي أَرَاكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ وَرَاءَ إِمَامِكُمْ؟ قَالَ قُلْنَا أَجَلْ وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا لَنَفْعَلُ هَذَا قَالَ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا إِلَّا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِهَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ التَّنُوخِيِّ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] And he said, "I see you praying behind your imam when he recites aloud?" We said, "Yes, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Do not do so except with the Ummul Quran, for verily there is no prayer for the one who does not recite it." Ali ibn Umar said, "This is a good chain of narration."  

وَقَالَ إِنِّي لَأَرَاكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ خَلْفَ إِمَامِكُمْ إِذَا جَهَرَ؟ قُلْنَا أَجَلْ وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا قَالَ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا إِلَّا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِهَا قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ  

“Ubadah b. al-samit came to late to lead the morning prayer. Abu Nu’aim, the mu’adhdhin, pronounced the takbir and he led the people in prayer. Then Ubadah came and I was with him. We Joined the row behind Abu Nu’aim, while Abu Nu’aim was reciting the Qur’an loudly. Then ‘Ubadah began to recite the Umm al-Quran (I.e Surah al Fatihah). When he finished, I said to Ubadah: I heard you reciting the Umm al-Qur’an while Abu Nu’aim was reciting Qur’an loudly. He replied: yes> The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in a certain prayer in which the Qur’an is recited loudly, but he became confused in the recitation. When he finished he turned his face to us and said: Do you recite when I recite the Qur’an loudly? Some of us said: we do so; this is why I said to myself: What is that which confused me (in the recitation of ) the Qur’an. Do not recite anything from the Qur’an when I recite it loudly except the Umm al-Qur’an. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 824)   

عَنْ صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ فَأَقَامَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْمُؤَذِّنُ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلَّى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ بِالنَّاسِ فَأَقْبَلَ عُبَادَةُ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّى صَفَفْنَا خَلْفَ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ يَجْهَرُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَجَعَلَ عُبَادَةُ يَقْرَأُ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قُلْتُ لِعُبَادَةَ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقْرَأُ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ يَجْهَرُ قَالَ أَجَلْ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْضَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الَّتِي يَجْهَرُ فِيهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَالْتَبَسَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْقِرَاءَةُ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَقْرَءُونَ إِذَا جَهَرْتُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ؟ فَقَالَ بَعْضُنَا إِنَّا نَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَلَا وَأَنَا أَقُولُ مَا لِيَ أُنَازَعُ الْقُرْآنَ؟ فَلَا تَقْرَءُوا بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ إِذَا جَهَرْتُ إِلَّا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ 2918 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ عَنِ ابْنِ جَابِرٍ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ  

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Do you read the prayer with me?" We said, "Yes." He said, "Do not do so except with the opening chapter of the Book." Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, on the authority of Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, on the authority of Abu Zara'ah Abdul Rahman ibn Amr Al-Damashqi, on the authority of Al-Walid ibn Utabah, on the authority of Al-Walid ibn Muslim who said, "One of them narrated to me, Sa'id ibn Abdul Aziz Al-Tanukhi, and he mentioned it. This is an error because the Mu'adhin and the Imam were Abu Nu'aim, and the narration is from Mak'hul from Mahmoud ibn Al-Rabi' from Ubada, and from Mak'hul from Nafi' ibn Mahmoud, from Ubada. It seems that he heard it from both of them." Abu Bakr ibn Al-Harith Al-Faqih informed us, on the authority of Ali ibn Umar Al-Hafiz who said, Ibn Sa'id said, "His statement about Abu Nu'aim, I think it is a mistake. Indeed, Abu Nu'aim was the Mu'adhin, but he was not as the Walid narrated from Abu Nu'aim from Ubada." The Shaykh also narrated it. Haram ibn Hakim narrated it, on the authority of Nafi' ibn Mahmoud.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ هَلْ تَقْرَءُونَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ مَعِي؟ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا إِلَّا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَبُو زَرْعَةَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الدِّمَشْقِيُّ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ التَّنُوخِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ وَهَذَا خَطَأٌ إِنَّمَا الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَالْإِمَامُ كَانَ أَبَا نُعَيْمٍ وَالْحَدِيثُ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ وَعَنْ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ مَحْمُودٍ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ فَكَأَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُمَا جَمِيعًا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ صَاعِدٍ قَوْلُهُ عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ خَطَأً إِنَّمَا كَانَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الْمُؤَذِّنَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ الْوَلِيدُ عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا حَرَامُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ نَافِعِ بْنِ مَحْمُودٍ  

[Machine] Yes, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in some prayers in which he recited aloud. After finishing, he asked, "Who amongst you recited anything from the Quran when I was reciting aloud?" We replied, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Why should I compete with the Quran? None of you should recite anything from the Quran when I am reciting aloud, except for the Ummul Quran (Surah Al-Fatiha)." Abu Al-Hasan Ad-Daraqutni (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "This is a good chain of narration, and its narrators are trustworthy." The Sheikh (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "And likewise."  

نَعَمْ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْضَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الَّتِي يَجْهَرُ فِيهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَقْرَأُ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ إِذَا جَهَرْتُ الْقِرَاءَةَ؟ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ مَا لِي أُنَازَعُ الْقُرْآنَ؟ لَا يَقْرَأَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ إِذَا جَهَرْتُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ إِلَّا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ وَرِجَالُهُ ثِقَاتٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] About dawn, Abu Nuaym performed the prayer and was the first to call for prayer at Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa. I came with Ubada until I stood with the people, and Abu Nuaym recited the Quran out loud. Ubada recited from "Umm Al-Quran" until I understood it from him. When he finished, I said, "I heard you reciting from Umm Al-Quran." He replied, "Yes, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in prayer in which he recited out loud, and he said, 'None of you should recite out loud except with Umm Al-Quran.' The hadith is authentic from Ubada bin As-Samit, narrated from the Prophet ﷺ , and he has evidence."  

عَنِ الصُّبْحِ فَأَقَامَ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ الصَّلَاةَ وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَذَّنَ بِبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَجِئْتُ مَعَ عُبَادَةَ حَتَّى صَفَّ مَعَ النَّاسِ وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ يَجْهَرُ بِالْقُرْآنِ فَقَرَأَ عُبَادَةُ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ حَتَّى فَهِمْتُهَا مِنْهُ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قُلْتُ سَمِعْتُكَ تَقْرَأُ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ نَعَمْ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْضَ الصَّلَاةِ الَّتِي يَجْهَرُ فِيهَا بِالْقِرَاءَةِ فَقَالَ لَا يَقْرَأَنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ إِذَا جَهَرْتُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ إِلَّا بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ وَالْحَدِيثُ صَحِيحٌ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَهُ شَوَاهِدُ  

[Machine] "On the authority of a companion of the Prophet, he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Perhaps you recite while the Imam is reciting?' They replied, 'Yes, indeed we do.' He said, ‘Do not do so except when one of you recites with the opening chapter of the book.' This is a good and well-established chain of narration, and it has been attributed to Abu Qilaba from Anas ibn Malik, although it is not preserved."  

عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ وَالْإِمَامُ يَقْرَأُ قَالُوا إِنَّا لَنَفْعَلُ قَالَ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا إِلَّا أَنْ يَقْرَأَ أَحَدُكُمْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ جَيِّدٌ وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَلَيْسَ بِمَحْفُوظٍ  

[Machine] The Prophet, ﷺ , turned his face towards them after he finished his prayer and said, "Do you recite in your prayers while the Imam also recites?" They remained silent. He repeated this question to them three times and then a speaker or some speakers said, "We do indeed do that." He said, "Do not do that. Instead, let one of you recite Surah Al-Fatiha in their own prayer." Narrated by Abu Al-Hasan who narrated from Ahmad, who narrated from Ibrahim ibn Ishaq, who narrated from Abu Salama, who narrated from Hammad ibn Salama, from Ayub, from Abu Qilaba, from the Prophet, ﷺ . He was the only one who reported this narration from Anas, Ubaidullah ibn Amr al-Raqqi, and he was trustworthy, except that this narration is only known from Abu Qilaba, from Muhammad ibn Abu Aisha. Narrated by Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz, who narrated from Abu Ahmad al-Hafiz, who narrated from Muhammad ibn Sulaiman ibn Faris, who narrated from Muhammad ibn Ismail, who narrated from Muammal, who narrated from Ismail, who was the son of Aliyah, from Ayub, from Abu Qilaba, from the Prophet, ﷺ , regarding recitation. Ismail narrated from Khalid, "I asked Abu Qilaba, who told you this?" He said, "Muhammad ibn Abu Aisha, a slave of Banu Umayyah."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ أَتَقْرَءُونَ فِي صَلَاتِكُمْ وَالْإِمَامُ يَقْرَأُ؟ فَسَكَتُوا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ أَوْ قَائِلُونَ إِنَّا لَنَفْعَلُ قَالَ لَا تَفْعَلُوا لِيَقْرَأْ أَحَدُكُمْ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فِي نَفْسِهِ 2924 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ ثنا حَمَّادٌ هُوَ ابْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ تَفَرَّدَ بِرِوَايَتِهِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الرَّقِّيُّ وَهُوَ ثِقَةٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ هَذَا إِنَّمَا يُعْرَفُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَائِشَةَ 2925 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ فَارِسٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أنبأ مُؤَمَّلٌ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ هُوَ ابْنُ عَلَيَّةَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ عَنْ خَالِدٍ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي قِلَابَةَ مَنْ حَدَّثَكَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَائِشَةَ مَوْلًى لِبَنِي أُمَيَّةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do you recite behind me?" They replied, "Yes." He said, "Then do not recite except with the opening chapter of the book (i.e., Al-Fatihah), and likewise."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَتَقْرَءُونَ خَلْفِي؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا إِلَّا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger ﷺ said, and Abu al-Hassan Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Umar al-Muqri' ibn Baghdad informed us that Ahmed ibn Salman al-Faqih said, "Abd al-Malik ibn Muhammad recited the prayer, and I heard Bashir ibn Umar narrate on the authority of Malik ibn Anas that al-Ala ibn Abdul Rahman said, 'I heard Abu al-Sa'ib Mawla Hisham ibn Zuhra say, 'I heard Abu Huraira say, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever performs a prayer without reciting the Opening Chapter of the Book (Al-Fatiha), his prayer is incomplete.'" Then I said, 'O Abu Huraira, sometimes I am behind the Imam, so should I recite behind him?' He then took hold of my arm and said, 'Recite it silently within yourself, for I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Allah says: I have divided the prayer into two halves between Me and My servant, and My servant shall have whatever he asks of Me. The servant says: 'Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds.' Allah says: 'My servant has praised Me.' The servant says: 'The Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate.' Allah says: 'My servant has extolled Me.' The servant says: 'Master of the Day of Judgment.' Allah says: 'My servant has glorified Me.' The servant says: 'You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.' Allah says: 'This is between Me and My servant, and My servant shall have whatever he asks for.' Then, in the narration of Walid ibn Kathir, when he recited, 'Master of the Day of Judgment,' he said, 'My servant has glorified Me. This is for Me, and what remains is for him.' The servant says: 'You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help.''" He kept on reciting until he reached, 'nor of those who have gone astray.'" (Al-Fatiha 7)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ ﷺ (ح) وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْمُقْرِئُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ الْفَقِيهُ قَالَ قُرِئَ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ثنا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا السَّائِبِ مَوْلَى هِشَامِ بْنِ زُهْرَةَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ غَيْرُ تَمَامٍ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنِّي أَكُونُ أَحْيَانًا خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فَأَقْرَأُ خَلْفَهُ قَالَ فَأَخَذَ ذِرَاعِي فَقَالَ اقْرَأْ يَا فَارِسِيُّ بِهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ قَسَمْتُ الصَّلَاةَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ نِصْفُهَا لِي وَنِصْفُهَا لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ {الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ} [الفاتحة 2] يَقُولُ اللهُ حَمِدَنِي عَبْدِي يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ {الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] يَقُولُ اللهُ ﷻ أَثْنَى عَلَيَّ عَبْدِي يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ {مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ} يَقُولُ اللهُ مَجَّدَنِي عَبْدِي يَقُولُ الْعَبْدُ {إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ} [الفاتحة 5] قَالَ اللهُ هَذَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ وَإِذَا قَالَ {مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ} قَالَ مَجَّدَنِي عَبْدِي فَهَذَا لِي وَمَا بَقِيَ لَهُ يَقُولُ {إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ} [الفاتحة 5] ثُمَّ قَرَأَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ {وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ} [الفاتحة 7]  

[Machine] "Allah's peace and blessings be upon him) said, 'Every prayer in which Al-Fatiha is not recited is incomplete.' I said, 'O Abu Hurairah, I hear the Imam reciting it.' He said, 'O Persian, or O son of a Persian, recite it silently within yourself.' Abu Saeed Al-Isfahani informed us, who was informed by Abu Bahar Al-Barbahari, who narrated from Bashr bin Musa, who narrated from Al-Humaidi. And we have narrated the recitation behind the Imam from a group of companions, including the Commander of the Faithful, Umar ibn Khattab."  

اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ كُلُّ صَلَاةٍ لَا يُقْرَأُ فِيهَا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنِّي أَسْمَعُ قِرَاءَةَ الْإِمَامِ فَقَالَ يَا فَارِسِيُّ أَوْ يَا ابْنَ الْفَارِسِيِّ اقْرَأْ بِهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْإِسْفَرَايِينِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَحْرٍ الْبَرْبَهَارِيُّ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ مُوسَى ثنا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا الْقِرَاءَةَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ عَنْ جِمَاعَةٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ ؓ وَمِنْهُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ  

[Machine] About Yazid ibn Shurayk and Ibrahim in it is another chain of narration.  

عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ شَرِيكٍ وَلِإِبْرَاهِيمَ فِيهِ إِسْنَادٌ آخَرُ  

[Machine] Read within yourself, and among them (the companions), is the leader of the faithful, Ali ibn Abi Talib.  

اقْرَأْ فِي نَفْسِكَ وَمِنْهُمْ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ  

[Machine] "To recite behind the imam in the Dhuhr and Asr prayers in the first two units with the opening chapter of the book and a surah, and in the last two units with the opening chapter of the book, and likewise."  

أَنْ يُقْرَأَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ وَفِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] About Ali, Thabit said that he was his scribe. It was narrated that Al-Hakam and Hammad said that Ali used to order the recitation behind the Imam, and he was a sent, witness for what had been previously transmitted. All of this indicates the weakness of what has been narrated from Ali, in contrast to others with chains of transmission that are not equal in strength. Among them is Ubada bin As-Samit.  

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ ثَابِتٌ وَكَانَ كَاتِبًا لَهُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الْحَكَمِ وَحَمَّادٍ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ وَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ شَاهِدٌ لِمَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنَ الْمَوْصُولِ وَفِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى ضَعْفِ مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ بِخِلَافِهِ بِأَسَانِيدَ لَا يَسْوَى ذِكْرَهَا لِضَعْفِهَا وَمِنْهُمْ عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ ؓ  

[Machine] Worship includes no prayer without recitation.  

عُبَادَةُ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِقِرَاءَةٍ  

[Machine] He saw a man who did not complete his bowing and prostration, so he approached him and took him by the hand and said, "Do not imitate him, nor anyone like him. There is no prayer except with the mother of the book. If you are behind an Imam, recite silently to yourself, and if you are alone, then listen to your own ears. Do not harm those who are to your right or left." He is Muslim ibn Abdullah al-Akki al-Shami, and the opinion of Ubayy ibn Ka'b in this matter is well-known.  

أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَجُلًا لَا يُتِمُّ رُكُوعَهُ وَلَا سُجُودَهُ فَأَتَاهُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ لَا تَشَبَّهُوا بِهَذَا وَلَا بِأَمْثَالِهِ إِنَّهُ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِأُمِّ الْكِتَابِ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ خَلْفَ إِمَامٍ فَاقْرَأْ فِي نَفْسِكَ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ وَحْدَكَ فَأَسْمِعْ أُذُنَيْكَ وَلَا تُؤْذِ مَنْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَمَنْ عَنْ يَسَارِكَ هُوَ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْعَكِّيُّ الشَّامِيُّ وَمَذْهَبُ عُبَادَةَ فِي ذَلِكَ مَشْهُورٌ وَمِنْهُمْ أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ ؓ  

[Machine] Yes, among them is Abdullah bin Mas'ood.  

نَعَمْ وَمِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ  

[Machine] I prayed beside Abdullah ibn Masud behind the Imam, and I heard him reciting during Dhuhr and Asr prayers, and among them was Muadh ibn Jabal.  

صَلَّيْتُ إِلَى جَنْبِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ ؓ  

[Machine] "If you recite the opening chapter of the Book and say He is Allah, the One, and if you do not hear, then recite it silently to yourself and do not harm anyone to your right or to your left, and among them is Abdullah ibn Abbas."  

إِذَا قَرَأَ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَقُلْ هُوَ اللهُ أَحَدٌ وَإِذَا لَمْ تَسْمَعْ فَاقْرَأْ فِي نَفْسِكَ وَلَا تُؤْذِ مَنْ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَلَا مَنْ عَنْ شِمَالِكَ وَمِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ  

[Machine] Read behind the Imam with the opening chapter of the book.  

اقْرَأْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ  

[Machine] Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al-Aas wanted to...  

أَرَادَ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ  

[Machine] I heard Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al-As reciting behind the imam in the Dhuhr prayer from Surah Maryam.  

سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ يَقْرَأُ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ مِنْ سُورَةِ مَرْيَمَ  

[Machine] "From Abu Huraira, and among them Abu Darda'a."  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَمِنْهُمْ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ ؓ  

[Machine] Do not leave the recitation of the opening of the book behind the imam, whether aloud or silently. This is the opinion of Ka'bir ibn Abdillah and Zaid ibn Abi Al-Jawari, and also A'mir. And if you recite it while in the kneeling position, then this is the opinion of 'Amr alone. And if you are in the kneeling position, recite it if you know that you will catch up with its end. And among them is Jabir ibn Abdullah Al-Ansari.  

لَا يَتْرُكْ قِرَاءَةَ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ جَهَرَ أَوْ لَمْ يَجْهَرْ هَذَا لَفْظُ كَثِيرٍ وَزَادَ عَلِيٌّ وَابْنُ أَبِي الْجَوَارِيِّ وَلَوْ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ وَأَنْتَ رَاكِعٌ زَادَ عَمْرٌو وَحْدَهُ وَإِنْ كَانَ رَاكِعًا فَاقْرَأْهَا إِذَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّكَ تُدْرِكُ آخِرَهَا وَمِنْهُمْ جَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ؓ  

“We used to recite the Opening of the Book and a Surah behind the Imam in the first two Rak’ah of the Zuhr and the ‘Asr, and in the last wo Rak’ah (we would recite) the Opening of the Book.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 843)   

كُنَّا نَقْرَأُ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ وَفِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَمِنْهُمْ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ ؓ  

[Machine] With the opening verse of the book, among them is Hisham ibn 'Amir.  

بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَمِنْهُمْ هِشَامُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ ؓ  

[Machine] Indeed, we did that, and among them is Anas ibn Malik.  

إِنَّا لَنَفْعَلُ وَمِنْهُمْ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ؓ  

[Machine] And I used to stand beside Anas, and he would recite the opening chapter of the Book (Al-Fatiha) and a surah (chapter) from the Mufassal (the last part of the Quran), and he would make us hear his recitation so that we could take it from him. He said 2948, and Ibn Khuzaymah narrated it in the book of recitation after the Imam, from Ahmad ibn Sa'id Ad-Darimi, from An-Nadr, from Al-Awam, who is Ibn Hamza. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub reported it to me, narrated by Muhammad ibn Ishaq, from Ahmad ibn Sa'id Ad-Darimi, from An-Nadr ibn Shumayl, from Al-Awam, who is Ibn Hamza, and he mentioned it in a similar manner. And this is the most correct opinion. And among them is Abdullah ibn Mugaffal Al-Muzani.  

وَكُنْتُ أَقُومُ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَنَسٍ فَيَقْرَأُ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ مِنَ الْمُفَصَّلِ وَيُسْمِعُنَا قِرَاءَتَهُ لَنَأْخُذَ عَنْهُ كَذَا قَالَ 2948 وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ خُزَيْمَةَ فِي كِتَابِ الْقِرَاءَةِ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيِّ عَنِ النَّضْرِ عَنِ الْعَوَّامِ قَالَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ حَمْزَةَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ ثنا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَيْلٍ ثنا الْعَوَّامُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ حَمْزَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ وَمِنْهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ ؓ  

[Machine] Abdullah ibn Mughaffal al-Muzani, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , taught us to recite behind the imam in Dhuhr and Asr prayers in the first two rakahs with the opening chapter of the Quran and another chapter, and in the last two rakahs with the opening chapter of the Quran only. Sa'id ibn 'Amir narrated this from Shu'bah, and among them is Aisha, the daughter of Siddiq, and from her father.  

عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يُعَلِّمُنَا أَنْ نَقْرَأَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ وَفِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ تَابَعَهُ سَعِيدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ وَمِنْهُمْ عَائِشَةُ الصِّدِّيقَةُ بِنْتُ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ وَعَنْ أَبِيهَا  

[Machine] Hurayrah said, "They used to command us to recite behind the imam if we could not do so aloud."  

هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا يَأْمُرَانِ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ وَرَاءَ الْإِمَامِ إِذَا لَمْ يَجْهَرْ  

[Machine] Hurayrah and Aisha reported that they used to recite behind the imam during Dhuhr and Asr prayers, as well as in the first two units of the prayer with the opening chapter of the Quran and some other verses. Aisha used to recite in the last two units with the opening chapter of the Quran. This was narrated from Imran ibn Husayn and also narrated from a group of the companions.  

هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَائِشَةَ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا يَأْمُرَانِ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَفِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَشَيْءٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَكَانتْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ تَقْرَأُ فِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ جِمَاعَةٍ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ  

[Machine] Makhol is a container in which the Imam recites Surah Al-Fatiha aloud, and remains silent secretly. If he does not remain silent, you should recite it before, with, and after him. Do not leave it as it is. And we were narrated from Abu Salamah ibn Abdur Rahman that he said to the Imam, "You have two opportunities, so make use of them."  

مَكْحُولٌ اقْرَأْ بِهَا فِيمَا جَهَرَ بِهَا الْإِمَامُ إِذَا قَرَأَ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسَكَتَ سِرًّا وَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْكُتْ قَرَأْتَهَا قَبْلَهُ وَمَعَهُ وَبَعْدَهُ لَا تَتْرُكَنَّهَا عَلَى حَالٍ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِلْإِمَامِ سَكْتَتَانِ فَاغْتَنِمُوهُمَا  

[Machine] However, those who came before would stay with the imam for an hour after saying the takbir without reciting as much as they recite with Surah Al-Fatiha. Abdur Razzaq said that Ibn Juraij narrated from Ibn Khuthaym from Sa'id bin Jubayr that "when they said the takbir, they would not start their recitation until they knew that the person behind them had recited Surah Al-Fatiha."  

لَكِنْ مَنْ مَضَى كَانُوا إِذَا كَبَّرُوا مَكَثَ الْإِمَامُ سَاعَةً لَا يَقْرَأُ قَدْرَ مَا يَقْرَءُونَ بِأُمِّ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ خُثَيْمٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ كَانُوا إِذَا كَبَّرُوا لَا يَفْتَتِحُونَ الْقِرَاءَةَ حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ أَنَّ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ قَدْ قَرَأَ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ  

[Machine] "He said, 'O my sons, recite in the silence of the Imam, as the prayer is not complete without the opening chapter of the Book.'"  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا بَنِيَّ اقْرَءُوا فِي سَكْتَةِ الْإِمَامِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا تَتِمُّ صَلَاةٌ إِلَّا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ  

[Machine] He used to say, "Recite silently behind the imam in every prayer with the opening chapter of the book in your heart."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ اقْرَأْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي كُلِّ صَلَاةٍ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فِي نَفْسِكَ  

“We used to recite the Opening of the Book and a Surah behind the Imam in the first two Rak’ah of the Zuhr and the ‘Asr, and in the last wo Rak’ah (we would recite) the Opening of the Book.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 843)   

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ اقْرَأْ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ فِي الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةٍ وَفِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ  

[Machine] I heard Ash-Sha'bi improving his recitation behind the Imam.  

سَمِعْتُ الشَّعْبِيَّ يُحْسِنُ الْقِرَاءَةَ خَلْفَ الْإِمَامِ  

[Machine] Read in their five (units of numeral) they say all of the prayers.  

اقْرَأْ فِي خَمْسِهِنَّ يَقُولُ الصَّلَوَاتُ كُلُّهَا