“The Imam is appointed to be followed. When he says Allahu Akbar, then say Allahu Akbar; when he bows, then bow; when he says Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah, then say Rabbana wa lakal-hamd; when he prostrates then prostrate; and if he prays sitting down then pray sitting down.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1238)   

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ فَرَسٍ فَجُحِشَ شِقُّهُ الْأَيْمَنُ فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ نَعُودُهُ فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَصَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلَّيْنَا قُعُودًا فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا سَجَدَ فَاسْجُدُوا وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعِينَ  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell ill and some of his Companions came to visit him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed prayer while sitting down, and they prayed behind him standing up. He gestured them to sit down, and when he finished he said: ‘The Imam is appointed to be followed. When he bows, then bow; when he stands up again, then stand up, and if he prays sitting down then pray sitting down.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1237)   

اشْتَكَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يَعُودُونَهُ فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَالِسًا فَصَلَّوْا بِصَلَاتِهِ قِيَامًا فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اجْلِسُوا فَجَلَسُوا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا  

When Messenger of Allah ﷺ became seriously ill, Bilal came to him for the prayer. He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in the prayer." I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Abu Bakr is a softhearted man and if he stands in your place, he would not be able to make the people hear him. Will you order ʿUmar (to lead the prayer)?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in the prayer." Then I said to Hafsa, "Tell him, Abu i Bakr is a softhearted man and if he stands in his place, he would not be able to make the people hear him. Would you order ʿUmar to lead the prayer?' " Hafsa did so. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Verily you are the companions of Joseph. Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in the prayer." So Abu- Bakr stood for the prayer. In the meantime Messenger of Allah ﷺ felt better and came out with the help of two persons and both of his legs were dragging on the ground till he entered the mosque. When Abu Bakr heard him coming, he tried to retreat but Messenger of Allah ﷺ beckoned him to carry on. The Prophet ﷺ sat on his left side. Abu Bakr was praying while standing and Messenger of Allah ﷺ was leading the prayer while sitting. Abu Bakr was following the Prophet ﷺ and the people were following Abu Bakr (in the prayer). (Using translation from Bukhārī 713)   

لَمَّا ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَاءَ بِلَالٌ يُؤْذِنُهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ وَإِنَّهُ مَتَى يَقُومُ مَقَامَكَ لَا يُسْمِعُ النَّاسَ فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ عُمَرَ قَالَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ لِحَفْصَةَ قُولِي لَهُ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ وَإِنَّهُ مَتَى يَقُومُ مَقَامَكَ لَا يُسْمِعُ النَّاسَ فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ عُمَرَ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكُنَّ لَأَنْتُنَّ صَوَاحِبُ يُوسُفَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَأَمَرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً قَالَتْ فَقَامَ يُهَادِي بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ وَرِجْلَاهُ تَخُطَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ سَمِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حِسَّهُ ذَهَبَ لِيَتَأَخَّرَ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قُمْ مَكَانَكَ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَنْ يَسَارِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ جَالِسًا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمًا يَقْتَدِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِصَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَيَقْتَدِي النَّاسُ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ قُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sick, so he ordered Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer. She said: "Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ found some ease from his illness, so he came and sat beside Abu Bakr. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered Abu Bakr (to lead) while he was sitting and Abu Bakr while the people were standing. So the wording of their narration is equal and it refers to their prayer while sitting during illness. And in his prayer with Abu Bakr, while he was sitting and Abu Bakr was standing, it is an indication that the first act was abrogated and that the correct way is to pray standing. And if his Imam prays sitting with an excuse, then the success is from Allah."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ وَجِعًا فَأَمَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَوَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَجَاءَ فَقَعَدَ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَمَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَأَمَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّاسَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِمَا سَوَاءٌ وَفِي صَلَاتِهِ ﷺ جَالِسًا فِي مَرَضِهِ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى مَا قَصَدْنَاهُ بِهَذَا الْبَابِ وَفِي صَلَاتِهِ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمٌ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ الْأَوَّلَ صَارَ مَنْسُوخًا وَأَنَّ الصَّحِيحَ يُصَلِّي قَائِمًا وَإِنْ صَلَّى إِمَامُهُ قَاعِدًا بِالْعُذْرِ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

[Machine] I had hemorrhoids, so I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said, "Pray standing. If you cannot, then sitting. If you cannot, then lying on your side." Abu Al-Hasan informed us, Isma'il reported to us from Abbas ibn Muhammad, who reported from Ali ibn Al-Hasan ibn Shaqiq, who reported from Ibrahim ibn Tahman, who reported from Husayn al-Mualim, who reported from Ibn Buraydah, who reported from Imran ibn Husayn, who reported from the Prophet ﷺ something similar to it.  

كَانَتْ بِي بَوَاسِيرُ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ صَلِّ قَائِمًا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَقَاعِدًا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَى جَنْبٍ 3660 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ثنا عَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْمُعَلِّمِ عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ