3. Ṣalāh (Ritual Prayer)

٣۔ كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ

3.119 [Machine] The Following heading when translated to English is: "The absence of Witr prayer during travel does not indicate that Witr is not obligatory, and we have mentioned the evidence in this regard.

٣۔١١٩ بَابُ مَا فِي صَلَاتِهِ الْوِتْرَ عَلَى الرَّاحِلَةِ مِنَ الدَّلَالَةِ عَلَى أَنَّ الْوِتْرَ لَيْسَ بِوَاجِبٍ وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا الْأَخْبَارَ فِيهَا , وَقَدْ:

bayhaqi:2225Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ And ʾAbū Zakariyyā b. Abū Isḥāq al-Muzakkī Waʾabū Bakr b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān > al-Shāfiʿī > Mālik b. Anas from his uncle Abū Suhayl b. Mālik from his father > Ṭalḥah b. ʿUbaydullāh

[Machine] He heard Talhah ibn Ubayd Allah say that a man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "There are five daily prayers during the day and night." The man asked if there was anything else besides them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "No, unless you voluntarily offer extra prayers." This is narrated in Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim in a hadith from Malik.  

البيهقي:٢٢٢٥وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ثنا الشَّافِعِيُّ ثنا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ يَقُولُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ فَقَالَ هَلْ عَلَيَّ غَيْرُهَا قَالَ لَا إِلَّا أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ  

bayhaqi:2226Abū Aḥmad ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn al-ʿAdl > Abū Bakr b. Jaʿfar al-Muzakkī > Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm > Ibn Bukayr > Mālik > Yaḥyá b. Saʿīd b. Qays al-Anṣārī > Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá b. Ḥabbān > Ibn Muḥayrīz > a man from Banī Kinānah Yudʿá al-Mukhdajī > Samiʿ a man Bi-al-Shhām Yudʿá Abū Muḥammad > In al-Witr Wājib > al-Mukhdajī Faruḥt > ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit Fāʿtaraḍt Lah / Rāʾiḥ > al-Masjid Faʾakhbartuh Bi-al--Adhī > Abū Muḥammad > ʿUbādah Kadhib Abū Muḥammad

Ibn Muhayriz said: A man from Banu Kinanah, named al-Makhdaji, heard a person called AbuMuhammad in Syria, saying: The witr is a duty (wajib). Al-Makhdaji said: So I went to Ubadah ibn as-Samit and informed him. Ubadah said: AbuMuhammad told a lie. I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: There are five prayers which Allah has prescribed on His servants. If anyone offers them, not losing any of them, and not treating them lightly, Allah guarantees that He will admit him to Paradise. If anyone does not offer them, Allah does not take any responsibility for such a person. He may either punish him or admit him to Paradise. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1420)   

البيهقي:٢٢٢٦وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ الْعَدْلُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا مَالِكٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَبَّانَ عَنِ ابْنِ مُحَيْرِيزٍ أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ يُدْعَى الْمُخْدَجِيَّ

سَمِعَ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا بِالشَّامِ يُدْعَى أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ يَقُولُ إِنَّ الْوِتْرَ وَاجِبٌ قَالَ الْمُخْدَجِيُّ فَرُحْتُ إِلَى عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ فَاعْتَرَضْتُ لَهُ وَهُوَ رَائِحٌ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِالَّذِي قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ فَقَالَ عُبَادَةُ كَذِبَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ كَتَبَهُنَّ اللهُ عَلَى الْعِبَادِ فَمَنْ جَاءَ بِهِنَّ لَمْ يُضَيِّعْ مِنْهُنَّ شَيْئًا اسْتِخْفَافًا بِحَقِّهِنَّ كَانَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللهِ عَهْدٌ أَنْ يُدْخِلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَأْتِ بِهِنَّ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ عِنْدَ اللهِ عَهْدٌ إِنْ شَاءَ عَذَّبَهُ وَإِنَّ شَاءَ أَدْخَلَهُ الْجَنَّةَ  

bayhaqi:2227Yaḥyá b. Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá > Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. Salmān b. al-Ḥasan al-Faqīh > Quriʾ > Yaḥyá b. Jaʿfar > Abū Aḥmad al-Zubayrī > Sufyān > Abū Isḥāq > ʿĀṣim b. Ḍamrah > ʿAlī

[Machine] Witr is not obligatory, but it is a sunnah established by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. This is the statement of Ubada ibn as-Samit and ibn Abbas, and all of that is in addition to the other narrations mentioned regarding its place under the section of voluntary prayers.  

البيهقي:٢٢٢٧وَأَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْفَقِيهُ قَالَ قُرِئَ عَلَى يَحْيَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ وَأَنَا أَسْمَع أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ ضَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ قَالَ

الْوِتْرُ لَيْسَ بِحَتْمٍ وَلَكِنَّهُ سُنَّةٌ سَنَّهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَكُلُّ ذَلِكَ مَعَ سَائِرِ الْآثَارِ الْوَارِدَةِ فِيهِ مَوْضِعُهَا بَابُ صَلَاةِ التَّطَوُّعِ