[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ established the prayer of Fath Makkah at the age of fifteen, shortening the prayer until he reached Hunayn.

أَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ حَتَّى سَارَ إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ كَذَا

[Machine] Muhammad ibn Muslim narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Makkah for fifteen nights, shortening the prayers, until he reached Hunayn. This is the authentic report and it was also narrated by Abdah ibn Sulaiman, Ahmad ibn Khalil al-Wahbi, Salamah ibn Al-Fadl from Ibn Ishaq, and they did not mention anything about Ibn Abbas in it.

وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ حَتَّى سَارَ إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ مُرْسَلٌ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ خَالٍ الْوَهْبِيُّ وَسَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرُوا فِيهِ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ established the Qasr prayer during the year of conquest, reported by Abu Ali al-Rudhbary, informed by Abu Bakr ibn Dasa, narrated by Abu Dawood, narrated by al-Nufayli, narrated by Muhammad ibn Salamah. It was also mentioned and narrated by Irak ibn Malik from the Prophet ﷺ through a Mursal chain. The narration of Ikrimah from Ibn Abbas is the most authentic of all of these, and Allah knows best.

أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا النُّفَيْلِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَرَوَاهُ عِرَاكُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا وَرِوَايَةُ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَصَحُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Makkah during the time of conquest for eighteen nights, praying two units of prayer.

أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ زَمَانَ الْفَتْحِ بِثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed seventeen rak'ahs while at Ta'if. The scholar said it is possible to combine the narration of the one who narrated nineteen rak'ahs with the narration of the one who narrated seventeen rak'ahs, and the narration of the one who narrated eighteen rak'ahs. Whoever narrates nineteen rak'ahs should count them as part of the day of arrival and the day of departure, and whoever narrates eighteen rak'ahs, no one should count them as part of both days. And Allah knows best.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَقَامَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ مُحَاصِرًا الطَّائِفَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَيُمْكِنُ الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ رِوَايَةِ مَنْ رَوَى تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَرِوَايَةِ مَنْ رَوَى سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَرِوَايَةِ مَنْ رَوَى ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ بِأَنَّ مَنْ رَوَاهَا تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ عَدَّ يَوْمَ الدُّخُولِ وَيَوْمَ الْخُرُوجِ وَمَنْ رَوَى ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ لَمْ يَعُدَّ أَحَدَ الْيَوْمَيْنِ وَمَنْ قَالَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَمْ يَعُدَّهُمَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Tabuk for twenty days, shortening the prayers. Ma'mar reported it as a Musnad narration. It was also narrated by 'Ali ibn al-Mubarak and others from Yahya, from Ibn Thawban, from the Prophet ﷺ as Mursal narration. It was also narrated by al-Awza'i from Yahya, from Anas, who said it was around ten days, and I do not consider it to be preserved. It was also narrated from another source, from Jabir, as around ten days.

أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِتَبُوكَ عِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ تَفَرَّدَ مَعْمَرٌ بِرِوَايَتِهِ مُسْنَدًا وَرَوَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَغَيْرُهُ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ ثَوْبَانَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَقَالَ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَلَا أَرَاهُ مَحْفُوظًا وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ جَابِرٍ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ

[Machine] I participated with the Prophet ﷺ in the Battle of Tabuk, and I stayed there for about ten days. During my stay, I did not pray more than two rak'ahs before returning.

غَزَوْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ غَزْوَةَ تَبُوكَ فَأَقَامَ بِهَا بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Khaybar for forty days, praying two units of prayer alone. Al-Hasan bin Umara also performed this prayer, although he did not need to do so.

أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِخَيْبَرَ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ

[Machine] He said, "Snow relieved us while we were in Adharbayjan for six months in Gazah." Ibn 'Umar said, "And we used to pray two units (rak'ahs)."

أَنَّهُ قَالَ أُرِيحَ عَلَيْنَا الثَّلْجُ وَنَحْنُ بِأَذْرَبِيجَانَ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ فِي غَزَاةٍ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَكُنَّا نُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ

[Machine] "He used to say, 'I would pray the prayer of a traveler as long as I did not stay, even if that kept me detained for twelve nights.'"

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ أُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ الْمُسَافِرِ مَا لَمْ أَجْمَعْ مُكْثًا وَإِنْ حَبَسَنِي ذَلِكَ اثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً

[Machine] We were with him (referring to someone) for two winters, meaning with Abdul Rahman, not combining and shortening the prayer.

كُنَّا مَعَهُ شَتْوَتَيْنِ يَعْنِي مَعَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ لَا نَجْمَعُ وَنَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] Anas resided in Damascus with Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan for two months, performing the prayer of a traveler.

أَنَّ أَنَسًا أَقَامَ بِالشَّامِ مَعَ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ شَهْرَيْنِ يُصَلِّي صَلَاةَ الْمُسَافِرِ

[Machine] That the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Ramahormuz for nine months, shortening the prayer.

أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَقَامُوا بِرَامَهُرْمُزَ تِسْعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ يَقْصُرُونَ الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] "That he fasts, so I said to Saad, 'O Abu Ishaq, you are a companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and you witnessed the Battle of Badr, and Al-Miswar fasts, and Abdul Rahman fasts, and you break your fast?' Saad said, 'Indeed, I am more knowledgeable than them.'"

أَنْ يَصُومَ فَقُلْتُ لِسَعْدٍ يَا أَبَا إِسْحَاقَ أَنْتَ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَشَهِدْتَ بَدْرًا وَالْمِسْوَرُ يَصُومُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَأَنْتَ تُفْطِرُ‍؟ قَالَ سَعْدٌ إِنِّي أَنَا أَفْقَهُ مِنْهُمْ

[Machine] We went with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from Medina to Mecca, and he prayed two units of prayer, two units of prayer, until he returned. I said, "How long did he stay in Mecca?" He said, "Ten."

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ قُلْتُ كَمْ أَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ عَشْرًا

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray two units of optional prayer every time he left his house for travel until he returned. This is narrated by Ibn Abbas and Imran ibn Husayn regarding the palace of the Prophet ﷺ in Mecca during the year of the Conquest.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا خَرَجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ مُسَافِرًا صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ وَقَدْ مَضَى حَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَعِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ فِي قَصْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ

[Machine] Regarding the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during travel, he said, "Come to our gathering." He then said, "Indeed, this person asked me about the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during travel, so preserve it from me. Whenever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would travel, he would not journey except that he would pray two Rak'ahs until he returns, and he would say, 'O people of Makkah, stand and pray two Rak'ahs, for we are on a journey.' And he waged war in Ta'if and Hunayn, so he prayed two Rak'ahs, and he came to al-Ji'ranah and performed 'Umrah from there. I also performed 'Umrah with Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), and I prayed two Rak'ahs. And I performed 'Umrah with 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him), and he prayed two Rak'ahs. And I performed 'Umrah with 'Uthman, and he prayed two Rak'ahs at the beginning of his leadership, and then 'Uthman prayed four Rak'ahs in Mina."

عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السَّفَرِ فَقَالَ ايْتِ مَجْلِسَنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ سَأَلَنِي عَنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السَّفَرِ فَاحْفَظُوهَا عَنِّي مَا سَافَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَفَرًا إِلَّا صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ وَيَقُولُ يَا أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ قُومُوا فَصَلُّوا رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَإِنَّا سَفْرٌ وَغَزَا الطَّائِفَ وَحُنَيْنًا فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَأَتَى الْجِعْرَانَةَ فَاعْتَمَرَ مِنْهَا وَحَجَجْتُ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَاعْتَمَرْتُ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَمَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَمَعَ عُثْمَانَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ صَدْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَتِهِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى عُثْمَانُ بِمِنًى أَرْبَعًا

[Machine] Two units of prayer, this is the sunnah of Abu Al-Qasim, ﷺ .

رَكْعَتَيْنِ تِلْكَ سُنَّةُ أَبِي الْقَاسِمِ ﷺ

he came to Prophet in Al-Madinah when he was eating breakfast. The Prophet said to him: "Come and eat the breakfast." He said: "I am fasting." The Prophet said to him: "Allah, the mighty and sublime, has waived fasting and half of the prayer for the traveler and for pregnant and breastfeeding women." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2315)

أَنَّهُ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَتَغَدَّى قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَلُمَّ لِلْغَدَاءِ فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ وَضَعَ عَنِ الْمُسَافِرِ الصَّوْمَ وَشَطْرَ الصَّلَاةِ وَعَنِ الْحُبْلَى وَالْمُرْضِعِ

[Machine] About riding the sea and the greatness of trade in the sea, so he commanded him to shorten the prayer. Allah ﷻ says {It is He who enables you to travel on land and sea} [Yunus 22]. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us in history that Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Umar Al-Mudhakkir narrated to us, Abu Nasr Fath ibn Nuh Al-Shahanbari narrated to us, narrating from Yahya ibn Nasr ibn Hajib Al-Qurashi, who mentioned it.

عَنْ رُكُوبِ الْبَحْرِ وَكَانَ عَظِيمَ التِّجَارَةِ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَأَمَرَهُ بِتَقْصِيرِ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ يَقُولُ اللهُ ﷻ {هُوَ الَّذِي يُسَيِّرُكُمْ فِي الْبِرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ} [يونس 22] أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ فِي التَّارِيخِ أنبأ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عُمَرَ الْمُذَكِّرُ ثنا أَبُو نَصْرٍ فَتْحُ بْنُ نُوحٍ الشَّاهَنْبَرِيُّ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ نَصْرِ بْنِ حَاجِبٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ

[Machine] I had hemorrhoids, so I asked the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Pray standing, and if you can't, then pray sitting, and if you can't, then pray lying down."

كَانَتْ بِي بَوَاسِيرُ فَسَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ صَلِّ قَائِمًا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَصَلِّ جَالِسًا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَى جَنْبٍ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was asked about performing prayers on a ship. He said, "How do I pray on a ship?" He said, "Pray while standing, unless you fear drowning."

سُئِلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفِينَةِ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ أُصَلِّي فِي السَّفِينَةِ؟ فَقَالَ صَلِّ فِيهَا قَائِمًا إِلَّا أَنْ تَخَافَ الْغَرَقَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded his companions when they went to Abyssinia to pray while on the ship, as long as they were not afraid of drowning. This is what was said, and there is a difference of opinion regarding Abdullah ibn Dawud. It is said that he did not hear it from Ja'far, and the hadith of Abu Nu'aim al-Fadl ibn Dukayn is considered to be Hasan.

أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَصْحَابَهُ حِينَ خَرَجُوا إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا فِي السَّفِينَةِ قِيَامًا مَا لَمْ يَخَافُوا الْغَرَقَ كَذَا قَالَ وَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ قِيلَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ جَعْفَرٍ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ دُكَيْنٍ حَسَنٌ

[Machine] Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and his companions were praying in the ship when they went out to Abyssinia.

كَانَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ وَأَصْحَابُهُ حِينَ خَرَجُوا إِلَى الْحَبَشَةِ يُصَلُّونَ فِي السَّفِينَةِ قِيَامًا

[Machine] Abdullah son of Abu Utbah, the freed slave of Anas, was with us in the gathering. I traveled with Abu Darda and Abu Saeed Al-Khudri, and Jabir ibn Abdullah led us in prayer while standing on the ship, and we prayed behind him while standing. If we had wanted, we could have left.

عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي عُتْبَةَ مَوْلَى أَنَسٍ وَهُوَ مَعَنَا فِي الْمَجْلِسِ سَافَرْتُ مَعَ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَجَابِرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ يُصَلِّي بِنَا إِمَامًا قَائِمًا فِي السَّفِينَةِ وَنُصَلِّي خَلْفَهُ قِيَامًا وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَخَرَجْنَا

[Machine] "He used to pray standing when he boarded the ship and the ship was stationary, and he used to pray sitting when the ship was in motion, in congregation."

أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا رَكِبَ السَّفِينَةَ فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّفِينَةُ مَحْبُوسَةٌ صَلَّى قَائِمًا وَإِذَا كَانَتْ تَسِيرُ صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فِي جَمَاعَةٍ

[Machine] No, but to Jeddah, Asfan, and Taif. And if you arrive at people or livestock, then fulfill

لَا وَلَكِنْ إِلَى جُدَّةَ وَعُسْفَانَ وَالطَّائِفِ وَإِنْ قَدِمْتَ عَلَى أَهْلٍ أَوْ مَاشِيَةٍ فَأَتِمَّ

[Machine] "So when you come to your family or to your belongings, then complete the prayer."

فَإِذَا أَتَيْتَ أَهْلَكَ أَوْ مَاشِيَتَكَ فَأَتِمَّ الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] About Mujahid's statement "غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلَا عَادٍ" [Al-Baqarah 173], he says that it means not obstructing the path, not opposing the leaders, and not being disobedient to Allah.

عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلَا عَادٍ} [البقرة 173] يَقُولُ غَيْرَ قَاطَعِ السَّبِيلِ وَلَا مَفَارِقِ الْأَئِمَّةِ وَلَا خَارِجٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ

I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Mecca and he was (at that time) at al- Abtah in a red leather tent. And Bilal stepped out with ablution water for him. (And what was left out of that water) some of them got it (whereas others could not get it) and (those who got it) rubbed themselves with it. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stepped out with a red mantle on him and I was catching a glimpse of the whiteness of his shanks. The narrator said: He (the Holy Prophet) performed the ablution. and Bilal pronounced Adhan and I followed his mouth (as he turned) this side and that as he said on the right and the left:" Come to prayer, come to success." ' A spear was then fixed for him (on the ground). He stepped forward and said two rak'ahs of Zuhr, while there passed in front of him a donkey and a dog, and these were not checked. He then said two rak'ahs of the 'Asr prayer, and he then continued saying two rak'ahs till he came back to Medina. (Using translation from Muslim 503a)

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ وَهُوَ بِالْأَبْطَحِ فِي قُبَّةٍ لَهُ حَمْرَاءَ مِنْ أَدَمٍ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ بِلَالٌ بِوَضُوئِهِ فَمِنْ نَائِلٍ وَنَاضِحٍ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِ حُلَّةٌ حَمْرَاءُ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَيَاضِ سَاقَيْهِ قَالَ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَأَذَّنَ بِلَالٌ قَالَ فَجَعَلْتُ أَتَّبِعُ فَاهُ هَهُنَا وَهَهُنَا يَقُولُ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا يَقُولُ حِيَّ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ حِيَّ عَلَى الْفَلَاحِ قَالَ ثُمَّ رُكِزَتْ لَهُ عَنَزَةٌ فَتَقَدَّمَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ الْحِمَارُ وَالْكَلْبُ لَا يُمْنَعُ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَزَلْ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ

[Machine] I saw the Prophet ﷺ in a red dome, and I saw Bilal leaving with his ablution water. I saw people rushing to collect it and wipe it on themselves. Whoever did not get anything from him, took from the wetness of his companion. I also saw Bilal bringing a female goat that he tied, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out wearing a red robe, with his head uncovered, and he prayed two units of prayer towards the female goat in the presence of the people.

رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي قُبَّةٍ حَمْرَاءَ وَرَأَيْتُ بِلَالًا أَخْرَجَ وُضُوءَهُ فَرَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ يَبْتَدِرُونَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ وَيَتَمَسَّحُونَ بِهِ فَمَنْ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا أَخَذَ مِنْ بَلَلِ صَاحِبِهِ وَرَأَيْتُ بِلَالًا أَخْرَجَ عَنَزَةً فَرَكَزَهَا فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَأَيْتُهُ فِي حُلَّةٍ حَمْرَاءَ مُشَمِّرًا يُصَلِّي إِلَى عَنَزَةٍ بِالنَّاسِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ

I went on an expedition with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I was present with him at the conquest. He stayed eighteen days in Mecca and prayed only two rak'ahs (at each time of prayer). And he said: You who live in the town must pray four; we are travellers. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1229)

غَزَوْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَشَهِدْتُ مَعَهُ الْفَتْحَ فَأَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً لَا يُصَلِّي إِلَّا رَكْعَتَيْنِ يَقُولُ يَا أَهْلَ الْبَلَدِ صَلُّوا أَرْبَعًا فَإِنَّا سَفْرٌ وَرُوِّينَا قَبْلَ هَذَا فِي الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ

[Machine] After he has delivered the greeting, complete the prayer, oh people of Makkah; for we are traveling.

لَهُمْ بَعْدَمَا سَلَّمَ أَتِمُّوا الصَّلَاةَ يَا أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ؛ فَإِنَّا سَفْرٌ

[Machine] That he said: Abdullah bin Umar came and Abdullah bin Safwan performed two raka'ahs (units of prayer) for us, then left, so we stood up and completed.

أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ يَعُودُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ صَفْوَانَ فَصَلَّى لَنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَقُمْنَا فَأَتْمَمْنَا

[Machine] He used to pray four units (rak'ahs) when praying with the imam, and he used to pray two units (rak'ahs) when praying alone.

أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا صَلَّى مَعَ الْإِمَامِ صَلَّى أَرْبَعًا وَإِذَا صَلَّى وَحْدَهُ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ

[Machine] I asked Ibn Umar the traveler if he should pray two units of prayer with the residents or should he pray with their prayer? He laughed and said, "He should pray with their prayer."

قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عُمَرَ الْمُسَافِرُ يُدْرِكُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مِنْ صَلَاةِ الْقَوْمِ يَعْنِي الْمُقِيمِينَ أَتُجْزِيهُ الرَّكْعَتَانِ أَوْ يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ؟ قَالَ فَضَحِكَ وَقَالَ يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِمْ

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed eight units of prayer in his house during the year of the conquest, while wearing a single garment that covered both of his shoulders.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى فِي بَيْتِهَا عَامَ الْفَتْحِ ثَمَانَ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ قَدْ خَالَفَ بَيْنَ طَرَفَيْهِ

[Machine] He said: I traveled with the Prophet ﷺ on eighteen journeys, and I never saw him leave two units of voluntary prayer before noon, even though there were discussions about the Prophet's voluntary prayers during his travels on camelback.

أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَافَرْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ سَفْرَةً فَلَمْ أَرَهُ تَرَكَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ وَقَدْ مَضَتْ أَحَادِيثُ فِي تَطَوُّعِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي أَسْفَارِهِ عَلَى الرَّاحِلَةِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would perform two units of prayer for a journey and four units of prayer for residents. Just as the prayer before and after the prayer of residents is preferable, so too is the prayer for a journey before and after it.

سَنَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَعْنِي صَلَاةَ السَّفَرِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَسَنَّ صَلَاةَ الْحَضَرِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ فَكَمَا الصَّلَاةُ قَبْلَ صَلَاةِ الْحَضَرِ وَبَعْدَهَا حَسَنٌ فَكَذَلِكَ الصَّلَاةُ فِي السَّفَرِ قَبْلَهَا وَبَعْدَهَا

I accompanied Ibn 'Umar on the way (on a journey). He led us in two rak'ah's of (the noon) prayer. Then he proceeded and saw some people standing. He asked: What are they doing ? I replied: They are glorifying Allah (i.e. offering supererogatory prayer). He said: If I had offered the supererogatory prayer (while travelling), I would have completed prayer, my cousin. I accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the journey, he did not pray more than two raka'at until his death. I also accompanied Abu Bakr, and he prayed two raka'at and nothing more until he died. I also accompanied 'Umar, and he prayed two raka'at and nothing more until he died. I also accompanied 'Uthman, and he prayed two raka'at and nothing more until he died. Indeed Allah, the Exalted, said: "Certainly you have in the Messenger of Allah an excellent exemplar" (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1223)

لَوْ كُنْتُ مُسَبِّحًا أَتْمَمْتُ صَلَاتِي يَا ابْنَ أَخَى إِنِّي صَحِبْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السَّفَرِ فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ وَصَحِبْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ وَصَحِبْتُ عُمَرَ فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ وَصَحِبْتُ عُثْمَانَ فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ} [الأحزاب 21]

[Machine] He did not pray with the obligatory prayer while traveling anything before or after except during the middle of the night, as he used to pray on his camel or on his riding animal wherever it went.

أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يُصَلِّي مَعَ الْفَرِيضَةِ فِي السَّفَرِ شَيْئًا قَبْلَهَا وَلَا بَعْدَهَا إِلَّا مِنْ جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى بَعِيرِهِ أَوْ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ حَيْثُ مَا تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ

We set cut with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a journey when it began to rain. Upon this he said: He who desires may pray in his dwelling. (Using translation from Muslim 698)

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ فَمُطِرْنَا فَقَالَ لِيُصَلِّ مَنْ شَاءَ مِنْكُمْ فِي رَحْلِهِ

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was on a journey on a dark night and cold or a dark night and frost or a dark night and rain, so his announcer called out to him saying, "Pray in your travel bags."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ فِي لَيْلَةٍ ذَاتِ ظُلْمَةٍ وَرَدْغٍ أَوْ ظُلْمَةٍ وَبَرَدٍ أَوْ ظُلْمَةٍ وَمَطَرٍ فَنَادَى مُنَادِيهُ أَنْ صَلُّوا فِي رِحَالِكُمْ

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ used to combine Maghrib and Isha prayers when he was traveling

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ would combine Maghrib and Isha prayers when expedited by travel.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِ السَّيْرُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] He used to combine Maghrib and Isha prayers when the twilight disappears, and it is mentioned that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to combine Maghrib and Isha prayers when the twilight disappears.

أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَغِيبَ الشَّفَقُ وَيُذْكَرُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , used to combine these two prayers when he was in a hurry during travel. He would continue traveling until sunset disappeared, then he would combine the prayers and continue traveling for the distance between Mecca and Medina three times. Ma'mar narrated from Ayyub and Musa ibn 'Uqbah from Nafi' that he delayed Maghrib after the disappearance of sunset until the darkness of the night disappeared, then he descended and performed Maghrib and Isha prayers. He said, "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , used to do that when he was in a hurry or his travel party was in a hurry." Yazid ibn Harun narrated from Yahya ibn Sa'id al-Ansari from Nafi' and mentioned that he traveled near the quarter of the night, then he descended and performed the prayers.

إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِ أَمْرٌ فِي سَفَرٍ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ هَاتَيْنِ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ فَسَارَ حَتَّى إِذْ غَابَ الشَّفَقُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَسَارَ مَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ ثَلَاثًا وَرَوَاهُ مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ وَمُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ وَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ فَأَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ بَعْدَ ذَهَابِ الشَّفَقِ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ هَوَى مِنَ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ وَقَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ أَوْ حَزِبَهُ أَمْرٌ وَرَوَاهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنْ نَافِعٍ فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ سَارَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ رُبْعِ اللَّيْلِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى

[Machine] He (the narrator) said: He (Prophet Muhammad) departed from Mecca and received news of Safiyyah bint Abi Ubaid. He hastened his journey and when the sun set, a man from his companions told him about the prayer. He became silent and walked for an hour and then his companion who had informed him about the prayer told him about it again, but he remained silent. The one who had mentioned the prayer to him said, "He knows something that I do not know." They continued their journey until after twilight had disappeared, and then he stopped and performed the prayer. In travel, he did not call for anything during the prayer. He stood and performed the Maghrib and Isha prayers together, joining them without any delay, and said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to do this when his journey was prolonged and the twilight disappeared for an hour." He used to pray on the back of his riding animal, wherever the direction of the Subhah (a little stone tied to one end of a cord for counting Tasbih) was, in travel. He used to tell them that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to do that. Al-Naysaburi mentioned something about prayers during travel. The narration from Yahya bin Sa'id al-Ansari, Musa bin 'Uqbah, 'Ubaidullah bin 'Umar, Ayub al-Sakhtiyani, and 'Umar bin Muhammad bin Zaid from Nafi' that Ibn 'Umar used to combine the prayers after the twilight had disappeared, and he differed with those who did not rely on their preservation in the Hadith of Nafi'.

أَنَّهُ أَقْبَلَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ وَجَاءَهُ خَبَرُ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ فَأَسْرَعَ السَّيْرَ فَلَمَّا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَالَ لَهُ إِنْسَانٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ الصَّلَاةَ فَسَكَتَ ثُمَّ سَارَ سَاعَةً فَقَالَ لَهُ صَاحِبُهُ الصَّلَاةَ فَسَكَتَ فَقَالَ الَّذِي قَالَ لَهُ الصَّلَاةَ إِنَّهُ لَيَعْلَمُ مِنْ هَذَا عِلْمًا لَا أَعْلَمُهُ فَسَارَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بَعْدَمَا غَابَ الشَّفَقُ بِسَاعَةٍ نَزَلَ فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ وَكَانَ لَا يُنَادَى لِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ فِي السَّفَرِ فَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ جَمِيعًا جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَغِيبَ الشَّفَقُ بِسَاعَةٍ وَكَانَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى ظَهْرِ رَاحِلَتِهِ أَيْنَ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ السُّبْحَةَ فِي السَّفَرِ وَيُخْبِرُهُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَقَالَ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ بِشَيْءٍ مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ فِي السَّفَرِ اتَّفَقَتْ رِوَايَةُ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَمُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ وَعُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَيُّوبَ السَّخْتِيَانِيَّ وَعُمَرَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَلَى أَنَّ جَمْعَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ بَيْنَ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ كَانَ بَعْدَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّفَقِ وَخَالَفَهُمْ مَنْ لَا يُدَانِيهِمْ فِي حَفِظِ أَحَادِيثِ نَافِعٍ

[Machine] "So he hurriedly came out, accompanied by a man from the Quraysh, and we traveled until the sun set, and he did not tell me to pray, even though my agreement with him was that he would remind me of the prayer, as he was someone who was consistent in performing his prayers. So when he slowed down, I said to him, 'May Allah have mercy on you, perform the prayer.' He did not turn towards me, but rather continued on as he was until he reached the end of twilight and then he prayed the Maghrib prayer. Then he established the prayer, even though the twilight had disappeared, and he prayed with us. Then he turned towards us and said, 'The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , would do the same when he was in a hurry, with the same meaning.'"

فَخَرَجَ مُسْرِعًا وَمَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَسِرْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ لَمْ يَقُلْ لِيَ الصَّلَاةَ وَكَانَ عَهْدِي بِصَاحِبِي وَهُوَ مُحَافِظٌ عَلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَلَمَّا أَبْطَأَ قُلْتُ الصَّلَاةَ يَرْحَمُكَ اللهُ فَمَا الْتَفَتَ إِلَيَّ ثُمَّ مَضَى كَمَا هُوَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنْ آخِرِ الشَّفَقِ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ أَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ وَقَدْ تَوَارَى الشَّفَقُ فَصَلَّى بِنَا ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِ الْأَمْرُ صَنَعَ هَكَذَا وَبِمَعْنَاهُ

I was with Ibn ʿUmar on the way to Mecca, and he got the news that Safiya bint Abu Ubaid was seriously ill. So, he hastened his pace, and when the twilight disappeared, he dismounted and offered the Maghrib and ʿIsha' prayers together. Then he said, "I saw that whenever the Prophet ﷺ had to hasten when traveling, he would delay the Maghrib prayer and join them together (i.e. offer the Maghrib and the ʿIsha prayers together). (Using translation from Bukhārī 1805)

عَنْ صَفِيَّةَ شِدَّةَ وَجَعٍ فَأَسْرَعَ السَّيْرَ حَتَّى كَانَ بَعْدَ غُرُوبِ الشَّفَقِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعَتَمَةَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ وَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا