[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, Allah loves that His concessions are granted just as He loves that His commands are fulfilled." 5416 And likewise.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يُحِبُّ أَنْ تُؤْتَى رُخَصُهُ كَمَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ تُؤْتَى عَزَائِمُهُ 5416 وَكَذَلِكَ

[Machine] "Two raka'ahs (units of prayer) for whoever goes against the Sunnah (tradition), is a disbelief."

رَكْعَتَانِ مَنْ خَالَفَ السُّنَّةَ كَفَرَ

[Machine] As for me, I have indeed seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wiping over them, but I have been inclined towards performing ablution. This is what Muhammad ibn Ubaid ibn Mudrik said, and he is not a strong transmitter. Shu'bah narrated from him, but the correct statement is that of Ali ibn Salit, and Allah knows best. We have also narrated it in the book of purification from the hadith of Aflah, the freed slave of Abu Ayyub, from Abu Ayyub.

أَمَا إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَمْسَحُ عَلَيْهَا وَلَكِنِّي حُبِّبَ إِلَيَّ الْوُضُوءُ كَذَا قَالَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُدْرِكٍ وَلَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ رَوَى عَنْهُ شُعْبَةُ وَلَعَلَّ الصَّوَابُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الصَّلْتِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ فِي كِتَابِ الطَّهَارَةِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَفْلَحَ مَوْلَى أَبِي أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ

[Machine] I was amazed at what you were amazed by, so I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He said, "It is an act of charity that Allah bestows upon you, so accept it."

عَجِبْتُ مِمَّا عَجِبْتَ مِنْهُ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِهَا فَاقْبَلُوهَا

[Machine] "That those who disbelieve may not tempt you. And Allah has already made mankind secure, so what is the matter that they fall into misguidance? So, 'Umar said: I admired what you admired from it, so I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ what it is. He said: It is a charity that Allah bestows upon you, so accept His charity. Ibn Bābah said likewise, and likewise did al-Shāfiʿī, through ʿAbd al-Majīd and Muslim ibn Khālid from Ibn Jurayj, and Muslim narrated it in the authentic collection from the hadith of Ibn Jurayj as has preceded. And a group of scholars said likewise from Ibn Jurayj in this hadith. And Yaḥyā ibn Maʿīn claimed that it is three: Ibn Bābī, Ibn Bābā, and Ibn Bābah, and what Ibn Abī ʿAmmār narrates from him. And Yaʿqūb ibn Sufyān inclined towards them being one, and he is of Makkah, and his statement resembles that of al-Bukhārī, may Allah have mercy on him."

أَنْ يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا} [النساء 101] وَقَدْ أَمِنَ النَّاسُ فَمَا شَأْنُ التَّقْصِيرِ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ عَجِبْتُ مِمَّا عَجِبْتَ مِنْهُ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَا هِيَ؟ فَقَالَ هِيَ صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقَ اللهُ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْبَلُوا صَدَقَتَهُ كَذَا قَالَ ابْنُ بَابَاهُ وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ وَمُسْلِمِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ كَمَا مَضَى وَقَالَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بَابَيْهِ وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَزَعَمَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ أَنَّهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ ابْنُ بَابِيٍّ وَابْنُ بَابَا وَابْنُ بَابَيْهِ وَالَّذِي يَرْوِي عَنْهُ ابْنُ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ بَابَيْهِ وَذَهَبَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ إِلَى أَنَّهُمْ وَاحِدٌ وَهُوَ مَكِّيٌّ وَعَلَى مِثْلِ قَوْلِهِ دَلَّ كَلَامُ الْبُخَارِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ

[Machine] The saying of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ indicates that shortening the prayer while traveling without fear is a charity from Allah, and giving charity is a concession, not an obligation, for Allah to shorten the prayer while traveling without fear. And it indicates that they can shorten the prayer while traveling without fear if the traveler wishes to do so. And Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did all of that when he traveled and shortened the prayer."

فَدَلَّ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَنَّ الْقَصْرَ فِي السَّفَرِ بِلَا خَوْفٍ صَدَقَةٌ مِنَ اللهِ وَالصَّدَقَةُ رُخْصَةٌ لَا حَتْمٌ مِنَ اللهِ أَنْ يَقْصُرُوا وَدَلَّ عَلَى أَنْ يَقْصُرُوا فِي السَّفَرِ بِلَا خَوْفٍ إِنْ شَاءَ الْمُسَافِرُ وَإِنَّ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَتَمَّ فِي السَّفَرِ وَقَصَرَ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to shorten the prayer, complete it, break the fast, and observe fasting. Ali said: "This is a sound chain of narrators." The sheikh said: "And for this, there is evidence from the narrations of Dahlam ibn Salih, Al-Mughirah ibn Ziyad, and Talhah ibn Amr, and all of them are weak."

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَقْصُرُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَيُتِمُّ وَيُفْطِرُ وَيَصُومُ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَلِهَذَا شَاهِدٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ دَلْهَمِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ وَالْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ زِيَادٍ وَطَلْحَةِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَكُلُّهُمْ ضَعِيفٌ

[Machine] We used to pray with the Prophet ﷺ four rak'ahs when we went out to Makkah until we returned.

كُنَّا نُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذَا خَرَجْنَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ أَرْبَعًا حَتَّى نَرْجِعَ

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ used to shorten (his prayers) during travel and complete them (in full) (while not traveling).

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَقْصُرُ فِي السَّفَرِ وَيُتِمُّ وَكَذَلِكَ

[Machine] All of that, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has done, he has performed complete prayers and shortened prayers, and he has fasted and broken his fast while traveling. It is also mentioned that Umar ibn Tharr al-Murhibi, a trustworthy Kufan, has said so.

كُلُّ ذَلِكَ قَدْ فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَتَمَّ وَقَصَرَ وَصَامَ وَأَفْطَرَ فِي السَّفَرِ وَقَدْ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ ذَرٍّ الْمُرْهِبِيُّ كُوفِيٌّ ثِقَةٌ

[Machine] She used to pray in the prescribed manner while traveling, which is four units, as Abu Nasr ibn Qatada informed us that Abu Muhammad ibn Shayban al-Harawi narrated to us that Muadh ibn Najdah narrated to us, he said: Khalad ibn Yahya narrated to us, he said: Umar ibn Dharr mentioned it and it is in accordance with the narration of Dalham ibn Salih, although in the narration of Dalham there is an addition to the chain of narration. And for its chain of narration, there is a strong witness with a sound chain of narration. It was narrated to us by Abu Abdur Rahman Muhammad ibn al-Husayn as-Salmi, that Ali ibn Umar al-Hafiz narrated to us, that Abu Bakr al-Naysaburi and Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Marwazi said: Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Kathir as-Suri narrated to us. He said: And Abu Bakr al-Naysaburi narrated to us, that Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Amr al-Ghazawi narrated to us, and Abu Hamid Ahmad ibn Ali ar-Razi al-Hafiz narrated to us, that Zaher ibn Ahmad narrated to us, and Abu Bakr al-Naysaburi narrated to us, that Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn Kathir as-Suri narrated to us, and Abdullah ibn Amr al-Ghazawi narrated to us, they said: Muhammad ibn Yusuf narrated to us, from Al-Ala ibn Zuhair, from Abdul Rahman ibn al-Aswad, from his father, from Aisha, she said: I went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on Umrah during Ramadan, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ broke his fast, and I fasted and shortened my prayer, and completed it. So I said: O Messenger of Allah, by my father and mother, you have broken your fast and I have fasted, you have shortened your prayer and I have completed mine. He said: You have done well, O Aisha.

كَانَتْ تُصَلِّي فِي السَّفَرِ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ أَرْبَعًا وَهُوَ فِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرِ بْنُ قَتَادَةَ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ شَيْبَانَ بِهَرَاةَ أنبأ مُعَاذُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ ثنا خَلَّادُ بْنُ يَحْيَى ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ ذَرٍّ فَذَكَرَهُ وَهُوَ كَالْمُوَافِقِ لِرِوَايَةِ دَلْهَمِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي رِوَايَةِ دَلْهَمٍ زِيَادَةُ سَنَدٍ وَلِسَنَدِهِ شَاهِدٌ قَوِيٌّ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ 5427 أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ السُّلَمِيُّ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ قَالَا ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ الصُّورِيُّ قَالَ وَثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْغَزِّيُّ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الرَّازِيُّ الْحَافِظُ ثنا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ الصُّورِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْغَزَوِيُّ قَالَا ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ثنا الْعَلَاءُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي عُمْرَةٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأَفْطَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَصمْتُ وَقَصَرَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي أَفْطَرْتَ وَصُمْتُ وَقَصَرْتَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ فَقَالَ أَحْسَنْتِ يَا عَائِشَةُ

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed Umrah, I was with him. He shortened the prayer, completed it, broke his fast, and I observed fasting. When I returned to Makkah, I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what you did by shortening the prayer, completing it, breaking the fast, and fasting, was that due to your parents?" He replied, "You have done well, Aisha, and there is nothing wrong with it." Ali was the first to have a continuous chain of transmission, and it is a strong chain, and Abdur-Rahman has reached Aisha and he entered upon her while still young.

ؓ اعْتَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فَقَصَرَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ الصَّلَاةَ وَأَفْطَرَ وَصُمْتُ فَلَمَّا دَفَعْتُ إِلَى مَكَّةَ قُلْتُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَصَرْتَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ وَأَفْطَرْتَ وَصُمْتُ قَالَ أَحْسَنْتِ يَا عَائِشَةُ وَمَا عَابَهُ عَلَيَّ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ الْأَوَّلُ مُتَّصِلٌ وَهُوَ إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ عَائِشَةَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَهُوَ مُرَاهِقٌ

[Machine] I went with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on Umrah during Ramadan. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ broke his fast, and I fasted and shortened (my prayers), and completed (my fast). Then I said, "O Messenger of Allah, by my mother and father, you have broken your fast and I have fasted and shortened (my prayers) and completed them." He said, "You have done well, O Aisha."

خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي عُمْرَةٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأَفْطَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَصُمْتُ وَقَصَرَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي أَفْطَرْتَ وَصُمْتُ وَقَصَرْتَ وَأَتْمَمْتُ فَقَالَ أَحْسَنْتِ يَا عَائِشَةُ

[Machine] She used to pray four units of prayer during her journey, so I said to her, "What if you prayed two units of prayer?" She replied, "Oh nephew of mine, it would not be difficult for me."

كَانَتْ تُصَلِّي فِي السَّفَرِ أَرْبَعًا فَقُلْتُ لَهَا لَوْ صَلَّيْتِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ؟ فَقَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي إِنَّهُ لَا يَشُقُّ عَلَيَّ

[Machine] "When prayer was first mandated, it consisted of two units in both urban and travel situations. However, the prayer during travel was shortened to two units, while in urban areas it remained four. I mentioned this to Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, to which he replied, 'Indeed, Urwah informed me that Aisha used to pray four units during travel.' I then found Urwah with Umar and asked him, 'How did you inform me about Aisha?' He relayed to Umar what he had previously informed me, and Umar said, 'Did she not inform me that she used to pray four units during travel?' I said, 'Yes, she did.'"

أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ حِينَ فُرِضَتْ كَانَتْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَالسَّفَرِ فَأُقِرَّتْ صَلَاةُ السَّفَرِ عَلَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَأُتِمَّتْ فِي الْحَضَرِ أَرْبَعًا قَالَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ عُرْوَةَ قَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ كَانَتْ تُصَلِّي أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ فِي السَّفَرِ قَالَ فَوَجَدْتُ عُرْوَةَ يَوْمًا عِنْدَهُ فَقُلْتُ كَيْفَ أَخْبَرْتَنِي عَنْ عَائِشَةَ؟ فَحَدَّثَ بِمَا حَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَلَيْسَ حَدَّثَتْنِي أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تُصَلِّي أَرْبَعًا فِي السَّفَرِ؟ قَالَ بَلَى

[Machine] The prayer was first mandated as two units of prayer, two units of prayer. It was then increased for the noon prayer, and the prayer for travel was reduced. I asked, "What about Aisha, did she complete the prayer?" He said, "She interpreted what Uthman interpreted." This is the wording of the hadith of Al-Shafi'i.

أَوَّلُ مَا فُرِضَتِ الصَّلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَزِيدَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْحَضَرِ وَأُقِرَّتْ صَلَاةُ السَّفَرِ قُلْتُ فَمَا شَأْنُ عَائِشَةَ كَانَتْ تُتِمُّ الصَّلَاةَ؟ قَالَ إِنَّهَا تَأَوَّلَتْ مَا تَأَوَّلَ عُثْمَانُ ؓ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الشَّافِعِيِّ

We offered a four rakʿat prayer at Mina behind Ibn ʿAffan . ʿAbdullah bin Masʿud was informed about it. He said sadly, "Truly to Allah we belong and truly to Him we shall return." And added, "I prayed two rakʿat with Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Mina and similarly with Abu Bakr and with ʿUmar (during their caliphates)." He further said, "May I be lucky enough to have two of the four rakʿat accepted (by Allah)." (Using translation from Bukhārī 1084)

صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِمِنًى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ بِمِنًى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بِمِنًى رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَلَيْتَ حَظِّي مِنْ أَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ رَكْعَتَانِ مُتَقَبَّلَتَانِ

'Uthman prayed four rak'ahs at Mina. 'Abd Allah (b. Mas'ud) said: I prayed two rak'ahs along with the Prophet ﷺ and two rak'ahs along with 'Umar. The version of Hafs added: And along with 'Uthman during the early period of his caliphate. He ('Uthman) began to offer complete prayer (i.e. four rak'ahs) later on. The version of Abu Mu'awiyah added: Then your modes of action varied. I would like to pray two rak'ahs acceptable to Allah instead of four rak'ahs. Al-A'mash said: Mu'awiyah b. Qurrah reported to me from his teachers: 'Abd Allah (b. Mas'ud) once prayed four rak'ahs. He was told: You criticized 'Uthman but you yourself prayed four ? He replied: Dissension is evil. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1960)

عَبْدُ اللهِ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَمَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَمَعَ عُمَرَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ زَادَ عَنْ حَفْصٍ وَمَعَ عُثْمَانَ صَدْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَتِهِ ثُمَّ أَتَمَّهَا زَادَ مِنْ هَهُنَا عَنْ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ ثُمَّ تَفَرَّقَتْ بِكُمُ الطُّرُقُ فَلَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ لِي مِنْ أَرْبَعِ رَكَعَاتٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِ مُتَقَبَّلَتَيْنِ قَالَ الْأَعْمَشُ فَحَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ قُرَّةَ عَنْ أَشْيَاخِهِ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ صَلَّى أَرْبَعًا فَقِيلَ لَهُ عِبْتَ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتَ أَرْبَعًا؟ قَالَ الْخِلَافُ شَرٌّ

[Machine] Uthman prayed Dhuhr prayer four times in Mina, and Abdullah noticed that and criticized him for it. Then Uthman prayed Asr prayer four times with his companions on his journey. I said to him, "You blamed Uthman and you yourself prayed four times?" He replied, "I dislike going against the consensus, and it has been narrated with a connected chain of transmission."

صَلَّى عُثْمَانُ الظُّهْرَ بِمِنًى أَرْبَعًا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدَ اللهِ فَعَابَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ فِي رَحْلِهِ الْعَصْرَ أَرْبَعًا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ عِبْتَ عَلَى عُثْمَانَ وَصَلَّيْتَ أَرْبَعًا؟ قَالَ إِنِّي أَكْرَهُ الْخِلَافَ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ بِإِسْنَادٍ مَوْصُولٍ

[Machine] They told us that the Prophet ﷺ prayed two units of prayer, and Abu Bakr also prayed two units of prayer. So he said, yes, and I will tell you about it now, but Uthman was the imam, so I do not go against him and disagreements are evil.

تُحَدِّثْنَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ؟ فَقَالَ بَلَى وَأَنَا أُحَدِّثُكُمُوهُ الْآنَ وَلَكِنَّ عُثْمَانَ كَانَ إِمَامًا فَمَا أُخَالِفُهُ وَالْخِلَافُ شَرٌّ

Uthman offered complete prayer at Mina for the sake of bedouins who attended (hajj) in large numbers that year. He led the people four rak'ahs in prayer in order to teach them that the prayer (i.e. noon or afternoon prayer) essentially contained four rak'ahs. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1964)

أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ أَرْبَعٌ

[Machine] O people, Verily, the Sunnah is the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Sunnah of his companions. However, it has been narrated from the common people, so I feared that they might exceed the bounds. The scholar replied, and it has been said other than this. The most likely is that he considered it permissible, as Aisha did. And it has been narrated from more than one companion, with their choice of shortening.

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ السُّنَّةَ سُنَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَسُنَّةُ صَاحِبَيْهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ حَدَثَ الْعَامَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَخِفْتُ أَنْ يَسَتَنُّوا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَقَدْ قِيلَ غَيْرُ هَذَا وَالْأَشْبَهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ رَآهُ رُخْصَةً فَرَأَى الْإِتْمَامَ جَائِزًا كَمَا رَأَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ غَيْرِ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ الصَّحَابَةِ مَعَ اخْتِيَارِهِمُ الْقَصْرَ

[Machine] Salman arrived with twelve passengers from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ for the prayer. They said, "Come forward, O Abu Abdullah." He said, "We will not lead you in prayer or marry your women. Allah has guided us through you." Then, a man from the group came forward and led us in prayer four cycles. Salman said, "We do not have to complete the prayer, as half of it would be sufficient for us. We are in need of leniency." Salman, the Persian, explained to the companions through this incident that shortening the prayer during travel is permissible with the permission and guidance from Allah. It was narrated from Maswari ibn Makhrama and Abdullah ibn Aswad ibn Abd Yaghuth that they used to complete the prayer while traveling. It was also narrated that the permissibility of both matters was mentioned by Sa'id ibn Musayyib and Abu Qilabah.

أَقْبَلَ سَلْمَانُ فِي اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ رَاكِبًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَقَالُوا تَقَدَّمْ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ إِنَّا لَا نَؤُمُّكُمْ وَلَا نَنْكِحُ نِسَاءَكُمْ إِنَّ اللهَ هَدَانَا بِكُمْ قَالَ فَتَقَدَّمَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ فَصَلَّى بِنَا أَرْبَعًا قَالَ فَقَالَ سَلْمَانُ مَالَنَا وَلِلْمُرَبَّعَةِ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَكْفِينَا نِصْفُ الْمُرَبَّعَةِ وَنَحْنُ إِلَى الرُّخْصَةِ أَحْوَجُ فَبَيَّنَ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ بِمَشْهَدِ هَؤُلَاءِ الصَّحَابَةِ أَنَّ الْقَصْرَ رُخْصَةٌ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ يَغُوثَ أَنَّهُمَا كَانَا يُتِمَّانِ الصَّلَاةَ فِي السَّفَرِ وَيَصُومَانِ وَرُوِّينَا جَوَازُ الْأَمْرَيْنِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَأَبِي قِلَابَةَ

[Machine] Indeed, we, the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, used to travel, so among us were those who were fasting, and among us were those who were breaking their fast, and among us were those who were performing complete prayers, and among us were those who were performing shortened prayers. The fasting person did not criticize the one breaking their fast, nor did the one breaking their fast criticize the fasting person, and the one performing shortened prayers did not criticize the one performing complete prayers, nor did the one performing complete prayers criticize the one performing shortened prayers.

إِنَّا مَعَاشِرَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كُنَّا نُسَافِرُ فَمِنَّا الصَّائِمُ وَمِنَّا الْمُفْطِرُ وَمِنَّا الْمُتِمُّ وَمِنَّا الْمُقْصِرُ فَلَمْ يَعِبِ الصَّائِمُ عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ وَلَا الْمُفْطِرُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ وَلَا الْمُقْصِرُ عَلَى الْمُتِمِّ وَلَا الْمُتِمُّ عَلَى الْمُقْصِرِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ combined the Maghrib and Isha prayers without a separate prostration between them. He prayed three rak'ahs for Maghrib and two rak'ahs for Isha. Abdullah continued to pray in this manner until he joined Allah.

جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بِجَمْعٍ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا سَجْدَةٌ وَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ ثَلَاثَ رَكَعَاتٍ وَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ يُصَلِّي بِجَمْعٍ كَذَلِكَ حَتَّى لَحِقَ بِاللهِ ﷻ

[Machine] "We accompanied the Prophet ﷺ from Medina to Mecca, where he prayed two units of prayer with us for every prayer except for Maghrib, until we returned to Medina. We asked Anas, 'How long did you stay in Mecca?' He said, 'We stayed for ten days.'"

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِلَى مَكَّةَ يُصَلِّي بِنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى رَجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ قُلْنَا لِأَنَسٍ كَمْ أَقَمْتُمْ بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ أَقَمْنَا عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ

[Machine] The prayer consists of two units of prayer, except for Maghrib, which consists of three units. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray the first prayer while traveling, and when he stayed, he would add two units of prayer with each unit of prayer, except for Maghrib, because it is an odd number. As for Fajr, the recitation is longer in it.

الصَّلَاةُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ فُرِضَتْ ثَلَاثًا وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا سَافَرَ صَلَّى الصَّلَاةَ الْأُولَى وَإِذَا أَقَامَ زَادَ مَعَ كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِلَّا الْمَغْرِبَ لِأَنَّهَا وِتْرٌ وَالصُّبْحُ تَطُولُ فِيهَا الْقِرَاءَةُ هَكَذَا

[Machine] Anas ibn Malik heard me saying, "I prayed with the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , four units (rak'ahs) for Dhuhr in Madinah and two units (rak'ahs) for Asr in Dhu Al-Hulayfah." Sufyan narrated it from Ayyub from Abu Qilabah from Anas from Ibrahim ibn Maysarah who heard it from Anas in similar wording.

سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَرْبَعًا وَالْعَصْرَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ وَثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ أَنَسٍ بِمِثْلِهِ

[Machine] I prayed with the Prophet ﷺ the Dhuhr prayers in Madinah, four units, and the Asr prayers in Thul-Hulayfah, two units.

صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَرْبَعًا وَالْعَصْرَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ

[Machine] About the prayer palace, I used to go out to Al-Kufa and pray two Rak'ahs before returning. Anas said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would go out a distance of three miles or three farsakhs, he would doubt the boundaries of the prayer palace. This is the wording of the Hadith of Ibn Salamah, and in the narration of Abu Dawood, he would pray two Rak'ahs without mentioning his statement, "I used to go out to Al-Kufa and pray two Rak'ahs."

عَنْ قَصْرِ الصَّلَاةِ وَكُنْتُ أَخْرَجُ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ فَأُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى أَرْجِعَ فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا خَرَجَ مَسِيرَةَ ثَلَاثَةِ أَمْيَالٍ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةِ فَرَاسِخَ شَكَّ شُعْبَةُ قَصْرَ الصَّلَاةَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ سَلَمَةَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهُ وَكُنْتُ أَخْرَجُ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ فَأُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ

[Machine] He came to a village called Hims, thirteen miles away. He prayed two Rak'ahs. I asked, "Are you praying two Rak'ahs?" He said, "I saw Umar ibn Al-Khattab praying two Rak'ahs at Al-Hulayfah, so I asked him about it. He said, 'I only do as I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do,' and he mentioned the hadith of An-Nadr. In another narration of Abu Dawud, it is reported that Ibn As-Samt heard Umar say, 'I prayed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ two Rak'ahs at Al-Hulayfah.'"

أَنَّهُ أَتَى قَرْيَةً مِنْ حِمْصَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ مِيلًا فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ قُلْتُ أَتُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ؟ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا أَفْعَلُ كَمَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَفْعَلُ

[Machine] Not until we enter it.

لَا حَتَّى نَدْخُلَهَا

[Machine] We went out with Ali, and we were passing by houses. Then we returned and passed by houses again. We said to him, and Ali said, "We will keep passing by until we enter them."

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فَقَصَرْنَا وَنَحْنُ نَرَى الْبُيُوتَ ثُمَّ رَجَعْنَا فَقَصَرْنَا وَنَحْنُ نَرَى الْبُيُوتَ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ نَقْصُرُ حَتَّى نَدْخُلَهَا

[Machine] That Abdullah, meaning the son of Umar, used to complete the prayer when he gathered in a place in a town.

أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ إِذَا أَجْمَعَ الْمَقَامَ بِبَلَدٍ أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The migrant (from Makkah to Madinah) stays in Makkah after completing his rituals (hajj) three times."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَمْكُثُ الْمُهَاجِرُ بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ قَضَاءِ نُسُكِهِ ثَلَاثًا

[Machine] I heard the Prophet ﷺ saying to the Muhajir (a migrant or emigrant): "Establishing three (things) after (proceeding) beyond the outskirts of Makkah is as if he is saying (meaning): Nothing beyond that is required."

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ لِلْمُهَاجِرِ إِقَامَةُ ثَلَاثٍ بَعْدَ الصَّدْرِ بِمَكَّةَ كَأَنَّهُ يَقُولُ لَا يَزِيدُ عَلَيْهَا

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that the Muhaajir (migrant) should stay in Makkah after performing their rituals, repeating the words of the hadith of Yahya ibn Yahya three times.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُقِيمُ الْمُهَاجِرُ بِمَكَّةَ بَعْدَ قَضَاءِ نُسُكِهِ ثَلَاثًا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i, in the past, and similarly, he replied in the present, whoever affirmed the establishment of four perfect prayers, and it has been narrated in that regard from the hadith of Qatadah from Uthman ibn Affan, like that. It has also been narrated to us by Malik from Ata' al-Khurasani from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib that he said, "Whoever affirmed the establishment of four perfect prayers." As for the hadith of Uthman, I did not find its chain of narration, and as for the hadith of Ibn al-Musayyib...

الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَبِمِثْلِهِ أَجَابَ فِي الْجَدِيدِ مَنْ أَجْمَعَ إِقَامَةَ أَرْبَعٍ أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ وَقَدْ رُوِّيتُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْهَا عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَهَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ أَجْمَعَ إِقَامَةَ أَرْبَعٍ أَتَمَّ الصَّلَاةَ أَمَّا حَدِيثُ عُثْمَانَ ؓ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ إِسْنَادَهُ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ

[Machine] "Malik, and that is the matter that the people of knowledge have continued to uphold among us. Al-Shafi'i said, and we found the Prophet ﷺ saying, 'The one who emigrates should establish (their residence) after completing their rituals three times.'"

مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي لَمْ يَزَلْ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ عِنْدَنَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَوَجَدْنَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ يُقِيمُ الْمُهَاجِرُ بَعْدَ قَضَاءِ نُسُكِهِ ثَلَاثًا

[Machine] And we found that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) expelled the Jews from the Arabian Peninsula and set a deadline for them three days. We witnessed three actions that a traveler should do, and four actions that are similar to what a resident should do. This is because if it was permissible for a traveler to do more than three actions, it would be similar to the actions of a resident. Therefore, if the Prophet ﷺ had instructed the emigrant to do them, Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) would have permitted the Jews. The scholar said, "As for the Hadith..."

وَوَجَدْنَا عُمَرَ ؓ أَجْلَى الْيَهُودَ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ وَضَرَبَ لَهُمْ أَجَلًا ثَلَاثًا فَرَأَيْنَا ثَلَاثًا مِمَّا يُقِيمُ الْمُسَافِرُ وَأَرْبَعًا كَأَنَّهَا بِالْمُقِيمِ أَشْبَهُ لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ لِلْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يُقِيمَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ كَانَ شَبِيهًا أَنْ يَأْمُرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِهِ الْمُهَاجِرَ وَيَأْذَنَ فِيهِ عُمَرُ ؓ لِلْيَهُودِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ فَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي

[Machine] I heard Anas say, "We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and we only shortened our prayers until we reached Makkah. We stayed there for ten nights, and he continued to shorten his prayers until he returned."

سَمِعْتُ أَنَسًا يَقُولُ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ نَقْصُرُ حَتَّى أَتَى مَكَّةَ فَأَقَمْنَا بِهَا عَشْرًا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَقْصُرُ حَتَّى رَجَعَ

[Machine] We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and performed Hajj with him. He used to pray two units of prayer, two units of prayer, until he returned. I asked, "How long did you stay in Mecca?" He said, "Ten."

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَحَجَجْنَا مَعَهُ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ حَتَّى رَجَعَ قَالَ قُلْتُ كَمْ أَقَمْتُمْ بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ عَشْرًا

[Machine] We stayed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during a journey of nineteen days where he shortened the prayer. Ibn Abbas said, "If we added more days, we completed the prayer."

أَقَمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ إِنْ زِدْنَا أَتْمَمْنَا

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ traveled and stayed for nineteen days, shortening the prayer. So when we travel, we stay for nineteen days and shorten the prayer. And if we extend the stay, we complete the prayer.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَافَرَ فَأَقَامَ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ فَنَحْنُ إِذَا سَافَرْنَا فَأَقَمْنَا تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا قَصَرْنَا وَإِذَا زِدْنَا أَتْمَمْنَا الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] I traveled with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and stayed for seventeen days, shortening the prayers. Abu Muawiyah narrated this from Asim al-Ahwal. He mentioned in most of the narrations from him that it was nineteen days.

سَافَرْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَقَامَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ فَقَالَ فِي أَكْثَرِ الرِّوَايَاتِ عَنْهُ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , traveled and stayed for nineteen days, praying two units of prayer at a time. Ibn Abbas said, "When we travel and stay for nineteen days, we pray two units of prayer at a time. And when we stay for longer than that, we pray four units." This is also mentioned in the hadith of Abu Khaythamah and Surayj, that the number is nineteen units.

سَافَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَفَرًا فَأَقَامَ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَنَحْنُ إِذَا سَافَرْنَا فَأَقَمْنَا تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ صَلَّيْنَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَإِذَا أَقَمْنَا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ صَلَّيْنَا أَرْبَعًا وَكَذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي خَيْثَمَةَ وَسُرَيْجٍ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ traveled and stayed for seventeen nights. He would pray two units of prayer at a time. Abu Amr Al-Adib informed us that Abu Bakr Al-Isma'ili narrated to us from Imran, who narrated from Uthman, who narrated from Abu Mu'awiyah, who mentioned it.

سَافَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَقَامَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ ثنا عِمْرَانُ ثنا عُثْمَانُ ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ فَذَكَرَهُ

[Machine] Seventeen prayers are shortened, so whoever performs seventeen prayers shortens them, and whoever performs more than that completes them. Abu Amr al-Bastami, the scholar, informed us. Abu Bakr al-Isma'ili narrated to me. Al-Hasan, the son of Sufyan, informed me. Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Numair informed me. Hafs mentioned him.

سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ فَمَنْ أَقَامَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ قَصَرَ وَمَنْ أَقَامَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ أَتَمَّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْبَسْطَامِيُّ اْلْأَدِيبُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْماعِيلِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي الْحَسَنُ هُوَ ابْنُ سُفْيَانَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ ثنا حَفْصٌ فَذَكَرَهُ

[Machine] During the time of conquest, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to perform 19 units of prayer.

أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ زَمَنَ الْفَتْحِ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ لَيْلَةً يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ

[Machine] Translation: The Prophet ﷺ stayed in Mecca for seventeen (or eighteen) days, shortening the prayer and offering two rak'ahs. These narrations differ between seventeen and eighteen days, as you can see. The most authentic narration, in my opinion, is the one reported by Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari in his Sahih. Abdullah ibn al-Mubarak also adopted this narration, and there is no disagreement about it.

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَقَامَ بِمَكَّةَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ يَقْصُرُ الصَّلَاةَ يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ اخْتَلَفَتْ هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتُ فِي تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَسَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ كَمَا تَرَى وَأَصَحُّهَا عِنْدِي وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ رِوَايَةُ مَنْ رَوَى تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ وَهَى الرِّوَايَةُ الَّتِي أَوْدَعَهَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الْجَامِعِ الصَّحِيحِ فَأَخَذَ مَنْ رَوَاهَا وَلَمْ يُخْتَلَفْ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ وَهُوَ أَحْفَظُ مَنْ