[Machine] I was presented to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Uhud when I was fourteen years old and he treated me as a young boy. I was also presented to him on the day of the Battle of the Trench when I was fifteen years old, and he granted me permission.

عُرِضْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَأَنَا ابْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً فَاسْتَصْغَرَنِي وَعُرِضْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَأَنَا ابْنُ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ فَأَجَازَنِي

ʿThe Pen has been lifted from three; from the sleeper until he wakes up, from the crazy - or insane- one until he comes back to his senses, and from the minor until he grows up.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 956)

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ وَعَنِ الصَّبِيِّ حَتَّى يَحْتَلِمَ وَعَنِ الْمَجْنُونِ حَتَّى يَعْقِلَ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Verily, Allah does not accept the prayer of a menstruating woman unless she wears a khimar." Ibn Abi Asim said, "He meant by 'menstruation' reaching puberty." The Sheikh said, "And in it is an indication of the obligation of praying upon reaching puberty for her if she has menstruated."

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ لَا يَقْبَلُ صَلَاةَ الْحَائِضِ إِلَّا بِخِمَارٍ قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عَاصِمٍ أَرَادَ بِالْحَيْضِ الْبُلُوغَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَفِيهِ كَالدَّلَالَةِ عَلَى تَوَجُّهِ الْفَرْضِ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا بَلَغَتْ بِالْحَيْضِ

Messenger of Allah (S) said: "Teach the boy Salat when he is seven years old, and beat him (if he does not pray) when he is ten." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 407)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلِّمُوا الصَّبِيَّ الصَّلَاةَ ابْنَ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَاضْرِبُوهُ عَلَيْهَا ابْنَ عَشْرٍ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Command children to pray at the age of seven and discipline them for it at the age of ten, and separate them in their beds."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُرُوا الصِّبْيَانَ بِالصَّلَاةِ لِسَبْعِ سِنِينَ وَاضْرِبُوهُمْ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَشْرٍ وَفَرِّقُوا بَيْنَهُمْ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ

Hisham ibn Sa'd reported: We entered upon Mu'adh ibn Abdullah ibn Khubayb al-Juhani. He said to his wife: When (at what age) should a boy pray? She replied: Some person of us reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about it; he said: When a boy distinguishes right hand from the left hand, then command him to pray. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 497)

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ مَتَى عَرَفَ يَمِينَهُ مِنْ يَسَارِهِ فَمُرُوهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ

[Machine] Abdullah said, "Take care of your children in prayer and then get used to doing good deeds; for indeed, goodness is in habit."

قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ حَافِظُوا عَلَى أَبْنَائِكُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ تَعَوَّدُوا الْخَيْرَ؛ فَإِنَّمَا الْخَيْرُ بِالْعَادَةِ

(Similarly--as no. 452 above.) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4931)

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ مُرْسَلًا

[Machine] Abdullah said, "Take care of your children in prayer."

قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ حَافِظُوا عَلَى أَبْنَائِكُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A father does not have any better right upon his child than giving them a good upbringing. Ayoub ibn Musa is the son of Amr ibn Said ibn Al-Aas, and likewise..."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا نَحَلَ وَالِدٌ وَلَدًا خَيْرًا لَهُ مِنْ أَدَبٍ حَسَنٍ أَيُّوبُ بْنُ مُوسَى هُوَ ابْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَكَذَلِكَ

[Machine] About his righteousness and obedience to you.

عَنْ بِرِّكَ وَطَوَاعِيَتِهِ لَكَ

[Machine] Said bin Al-Aas is happy when I teach his child and his wife and advise him, as I have fulfilled his right and my right remains on him.

سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْعَاصِ إِذَا عَلَّمْتُ وَلَدِي وَزَوْجَتَهُ وَأَحْجَيْتُهُ فَقَدْ قَضَيْتُ حَقَّهُ وَبَقِيَ حَقِّي عَلَيْهِ

[Machine] Mu'adh used to pray the Isha or the Atamah prayer with the Prophet ﷺ , then he would go back and lead his people from the tribes of Banu Salimah in prayer. One night, the Prophet ﷺ delayed the Isha prayer, so Mu'adh prayed it with him and then went back to lead his people. He recited Surah Al-Baqarah, and a man behind him moved and prayed alone. They asked him if he thought Mu'adh was a hypocrite, to which he replied no, but that he was going to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He went to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, you delayed the Isha prayer, and Mu'adh prayed it with you, then he went back and led us. So he recited Surah Al-Baqarah, and when I saw that, I delayed and prayed. We are the people of clear explanations, we do things with our own hands." The Prophet ﷺ approached Mu'adh and said, "Are you misleading, O Mu'adh? Are you misleading?" He recited Surah such and such, and Surah such and such (verse numbers are mentioned). Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, narrating from Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, narrating from Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad Al-Qabbani, narrating from Muhammad ibn Abbad, narrating from Sufyan, narrating from Amr, narrating from Jabir, who said, "Mu'adh used to pray with the Prophet ﷺ , then he would come and lead his people in prayer. He prayed with the Prophet ﷺ one night for the Isha prayer, then he came and led his people. He recited Surah Al-Baqarah, and a man moved and left. He greeted and prayed alone, then left. He mentioned the rest of the hadith, but no one said, "Peace be upon him" in this hadith except Muhammad ibn Abbad.

كَانَ مُعَاذٌ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ أَوِ الْعَتَمَةَ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيُصَلِّيهَا لِقَوْمِهِ مِنْ بَنِي سَلِمَةَ قَالَ فَأَخَّرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَصَلَّى مُعَاذٌ مَعَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَأَمَّ قَوْمَهُ فَقَرَأَ بِسُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَتَنَحَّى رَجُلٌ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَصَلَّى وَحْدَهُ فَقَالُوا لَهُ أَنَافَقْتَ؟ فَقَالَ لَا وَلَكِنِّي آتِي رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّكَ أَخَّرْتَ الْعِشَاءَ وَإِنَّ مُعَاذًا صَلَّى مَعَكَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَأَمَّنَا فَافْتَتَحَ بِسُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ تَأَخَّرْتُ وَصَلَّيْتُ وَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ أَصْحَابُ نَوَاضِحَ نَعْمَلُ بِأَيْدِينَا فَأَقْبَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ يَا مُعَاذُ؟ أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ؟ اقْرَأْ بِسُورَةِ كَذَا وَسُورَةِ كَذَا 5101 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَبَّانِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ جَابِرٍ ؓ قَالَ كَانَ مُعَاذٌ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي فَيَؤُمُّ قَوْمَهُ فَصَلَّى مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَيْلَةً الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ أَتَى قَوْمَهُ فَافْتَتَحَ بِسُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَانْحَرَفَ رَجُلٌ وَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى وَحْدَهُ وَانْصَرَفَ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ بِمَعْنَاهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ أَحَدٌ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَّا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ

[Machine] That Muadh bin Jabal used to pray with the Prophet ﷺ and then go back to lead his people in prayer.

أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ كَانَ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيَؤُمُّ قَوْمَهُ

[Machine] Mu'adh used to pray Isha prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and then he would leave and come to his people and pray the same prayer with them.

أَنَّ مُعَاذًا كَانَ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ فَيَأْتِي قَوْمَهُ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] Mu'adh used to pray the evening prayer with the Prophet ﷺ , then he would go to his people and pray with them. For him, it was a voluntary prayer, but for them, it was obligatory. (Narrated by Abu Bakr al-Naysaburi, Abdul Rahman ibn Bishr, and Abu al-Azhar, who narrated from Abdul Razzaq, who was informed by Ibn Jurayj, who was informed by Amr ibn Dinar, who mentioned it similarly except that he said, "He would pray with them, and that prayer was voluntary for him, but obligatory for them.")

أَنَّ مُعَاذًا كَانَ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ هِيَ لَهُ تَطَوُّعٌ وَلَهُمْ فَرِيضَةٌ 5106 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ بِشْرٍ وَأَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ قَالَا ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ هِيَ لَهُ نَافِلَةٌ وَلَهُمْ فَرِيضَةٌ

Mu’adh b. Jabal would pray along with the Messenger of Allah ﷺin the night prayer, then go and lead his people and lead them in the same prayer. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 599)

كَانَ مُعَاذٌ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي قَوْمَهُ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ prayed with his companions in a group, praying two units of prayer, then saying the salaam, then praying another two units of prayer, and then saying the salaam, and so on.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ بِطَائِفَةٍ مِنْهُمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِالْأُخْرَى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ وَكَذَلِكَ

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ performed two units of prayer with these people, and another two units of prayer with those people. So, it amounted to four units for the Prophet ﷺ , and two units for them. Al-Shafi'i said, "And the last two units of these two units are voluntary for the Prophet ﷺ , and obligatory for others."

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى بِهَؤُلَاءِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَهَؤُلَاءِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَكَانَتْ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَرْبَعًا وَلَهُمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَالْأَخِيرَةُ مِنْ هَاتَيْنِ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَافِلَةٌ وَلِلْآخَرِينَ فَرِيضَةٌ

[Machine] That a time came, during which darkness would pass and he would come, and the people would be standing in prayer, so he would join them in prayer for two units, and then he would add two units after them. It is reported that Al-Shafi'i said, "Wahb bin Munabbih, Al-Hasan, and Abu Raja Al-'Attaridi said, 'There came a people to Abu Raja Al-'Attaridi wanting to pray Dhuhr, and they found him having already prayed. They said, 'We came only to pray with you.' He said, 'I will not disappoint you,' and then he stood and prayed with them.' Abu Qatan narrated this from Abu Khalidah, from Abu Raja Al-'Attaridi." Al-Shafi'i also said, "It is narrated from 'Umar bin Al-Khattab, and from a man from the Ansar with a similar meaning. It is also narrated from Abu Darda and Ibn Abbas very close to it."

أَنَّ عَطَاءً كَانَ تَفُوتُهُ الْعَتَمَةُ فَيَأْتِي وَالنَّاسُ فِي الْقِيَامِ فَيُصَلِّي مَعَهُمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَيَبْنِي عَلَيْهَا رَكْعَتَيْنِ وَأَنَّهُ رَآهُ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَيَعْتَدُّ بِهِ مِنَ الْعَتَمَةِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَكَانَ وَهْبُ بْنُ مُنَبِّهٍ وَالْحَسَنُ وَأَبُو رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيُّ يَقُولُونَ هَذَا جَاءَ قَوْمٌ أَبَا رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيَّ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُصَلُّوا الظُّهْرَ فَوَجَدُوهُ وَقَدْ صَلَّى فَقَالُوا مَا جِئْنَا إِلَّا لِنُصَلِّيَ مَعَكَ فَقَالَ لَا أُخَيَّبُكُمْ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو قَطَنٍ عَنْ أَبِي خَلْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيِّ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ ؓ وَيُرْوَى عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَعَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِثْلُ هَذَا الْمَعْنَى وَيُرْوَى عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ

[Machine] A person said to a peacock, "I found people standing, so I made it the last meal." He said, "You are correct."

قَالَ إِنْسَانٌ لِطَاوُسٍ وَجَدْتُ النَّاسَ فِي الْقِيَامِ فَجَعَلْتُهَا الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ قَالَ أَصَبْتَ

[Machine] Three of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the mosque while the people were praying the Asr prayer, having already finished the Dhuhr prayer. They prayed with the people, and when they finished, one of them asked the others, "How did you pray?" One of them said, "I made it Dhuhr, then I prayed Asr." The other said, "I made it Asr, then I prayed Dhuhr." And the third said, "I made it for the mosque, then I prayed Dhuhr and Asr." So, none of them criticized the others."

دَخَلَ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالنَّاسُ فِي صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ قَدْ فَرَغُوا مِنْ صَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ فَصَلُّوا مَعَ النَّاسِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ كَيْفَ صَنَعْتُمْ؟ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ جَعَلْتُهَا الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ الْعَصْرَ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ جَعَلْتُهَا الْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ الظُّهْرَ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ جَعَلْتُهَا لِلْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ فَلَمْ يَعِبْ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ

[Machine] If you arrive at 'Asr' time and have not prayed 'Dhuhr', then you should combine the prayer you arrived with the Imam of 'Dhuhr' and pray 'Asr' afterward.

إِنْ أَدْرَكْتَ الْعَصْرَ وَلَمْ تُصَلِّ الظُّهْرَ فَاجْعَلِ الَّتِي أَدْرَكْتَ مَعَ الْإِمَامِ الظُّهْرَ وَصَلِّ الْعَصْرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ

[Machine] It was narrated that 'Itban ibn Malik used to lead his people in prayer while he was blind. He said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , "Sometimes it is dark and rainy, and I am a blind man. So, pray in my house a place where I can designate as a prayer area." So, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to him and asked, "Where do you like me to pray?" Itban pointed to a place in his house, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed there.

أَنَّ عِتْبَانَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ كَانَ يَؤُمُّ قَوْمَهُ وَهُوَ أَعْمَى فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّهَا تَكُونُ الظُّلْمَةُ وَالْمَطَرُ وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ ضَرِيرُ الْبَصَرِ فَصَلِّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِي بَيْتِي مَكَانًا أَتَّخِذْهُ مُصَلًّى فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ؟ فَأَشَارَ لَهُ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَصَلَّى فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ

Anas said that the Prophet ﷺ appointed Ibn Umm Maktum as substitute to lead the people in prayer, and he was blind. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 595)

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ يَؤُمُّ النَّاسَ وَهُوَ أَعْمَى

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abu Dharr, "Listen and obey, even if your leader is an Abyssinian whose head is like a raisin."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَبِي ذَرٍّ اسْمَعْ وَأَطِعْ وَلَوْ لِحَبَشِيٍّ كَأَنَّ رَأْسَهُ زَبِيبَةٌ

[Machine] He arrived at the mosque and the prayer was already being established. When a person leading the prayer saw him, he said, "This is Abu Dhar." He then went to the back, and Abu Dhar said, "My beloved friend (referring to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ) advised me with three things: to listen and obey, even if led by an Ethiopian slave who has mutilated limbs."

أَنَّهُ انْتَهَى إِلَى الرَّبَذَةِ وَقَدْ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَإِذَا عَبْدٌ يَؤُمُّهُمْ قَالَ فَقِيلَ هَذَا أَبُو ذَرٍّ فَذَهَبَ يَتَأَخَّرُ فَقَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ ؓ أَوْصَانِي خَلِيلِي ﷺ بِثَلَاثٍ أَسْمَعُ وَأُطيِعُ وَلَوْ كَانَ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا مُجَدَّعَ الْأَطْرَافِ

[Machine] "Al-Laahi bin 'Ubaidillahi bin Abi Mulaykata annahum kaanoo ya'toona 'Aaishata Ummalmu'mineen bi-a'la al-wadi, huwa wa 'Ubaidu bin 'Umayr, wal-Miswaru bin Makhramata wa naasun katheerun, faya'ummu-hum Abou 'Amrou mawla 'Aaishata wa Abou 'Amrou ghulaamoha heena'i'thin lam yu'taq, wa kaana imama banee Muhammad bin Abi Bakrin wa 'Urwatah."

اللهِ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَأْتُونَ عَائِشَةَ أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؓ بِأَعْلَى الْوَادِي هُوَ وَعُبَيْدُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ وَالْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ وَنَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ فَيَؤُمُّهُمْ أَبُو عَمْرٍو مَوْلَى عَائِشَةَ وَأَبُو عَمْرٍو غُلَامُهَا حِينَئِذٍ لَمْ يُعْتَقْ وَكَانَ إِمَامَ بَنِي مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُرْوَةَ

[Machine] That Abu Amr Dhakwan was a slave of Aisha, and she freed him. He used to lead her in prayer during the month of Ramadan, while he was still a slave.

أَنَّ أَبَا عَمْرٍو ذَكْوَانَ كَانَ عَبْدًا لِعَائِشَةَ فَأَعْتَقَتْهُ وَكَانَ يَقُومُ لَهَا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ يَؤُمُّهَا وَهُوَ عَبْدٌ

when the first emigrants came (to Madina), they stayed at al-‘Asbah (a place near Madina) before the advent of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Salim, the client of Abu Hudhaifah, acted as their imam, as he knew the Qur’an better than all of them, al-Haitham(the narrator) added: and ‘Umar b. al-Khattab and Abu Salamah b. ‘Abd al-Asad were among them. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 588)

لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ نَزَلُوا الْعَصْبَةَ قَبْلَ مَقْدَمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ يَؤُمُّهُمْ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ وَكَانَ أَكْثَرَهُمْ قُرْآنًا زَادَ الْهَيْثَمُ وَفِيهِمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَسَدِ

[Machine] He informed him. He said, "Salim, the servant of Abu Hudhayfah, used to lead the first immigrants and companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the Ansar in the Quba Mosque. Among them were Abu Bakr, Umar, Abu Salamah, Zaid ibn Harithah, and 'Amir ibn Rabiah." The sheikh said, "So he said this about this and about what came before it and among them were Abu Bakr and Umar. And it is possible that at another time Abu Bakr came with the Prophet ﷺ and it is possible that his leadership over them was before his arrival and after it." And the statement of the narrator was "and among them were Abu Bakr," meaning after his arrival. And Allah knows best.

أَخْبَرَهُ قَالَ كَانَ سَالِمٌ مَوْلَى أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ يَؤُمُّ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَأَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي مَسْجِدِ قُبَاءَ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ وَعَامِرُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ كَذَا قَالَ فِي هَذَا وَفِيمَا قَبْلَهُ وَفِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَلَعَلَّهُ فِي وَقْتٍ آخَرَ فَإِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا قَدِمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ تَكُونَ إِمَامَتُهُ إِيَّاهُمْ قَبْلَ قُدُومِهِ وَبَعْدَهُ وَقَوْلُ الرَّاوِي وَفِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَرَادَ بَعْدَ قُدُومِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ

Whom have you appointed as your deputy over the people of the valley? He said: I have appointed Ibn Abza over them, ‘Umar said: Who is Ibn Abza? Nafiʼ said: One of our freed slaves. ‘Umar said: Have you appointed a freed slave over them? Nafi’ said: He has great knowledge of the Book of Allah, is well versed in the rules of inheritance (al­-fara'id) and is a (good) qadi (judge). 'Umar said. Indeed your Prophet ﷺ said, “Allah raises some people (in status) by means of this Book and brings others low by means of it.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 232)

لَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ مَنِ اسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْوَادِي؟ فَقَالَ اسْتَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْهِمُ ابْنَ أَبْزَى فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَنِ ابْنُ أَبْزَى؟ فَقَالَ نَافِعٌ مَوْلًى مِنْ مَوَالِينَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَاسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ مَوْلًى؟ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّهُ قَارِئٌ لِكِتَابِ اللهِ عَالِمٌ بِالْفَرَائِضِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ أَمَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَرْفَعُ بِهَذَا الْكِتَابِ أَقْوَامًا وَيَضَعُ بِهِ آخَرِينَ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: "When there are three individuals on a journey, let one of them lead them in prayer, and the one most knowledgeable of the Quran should lead them."

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا كَانُوا ثَلَاثَةً فِي سَفَرٍ فَلْيَؤُمَّهُمْ أَحَدُهُمْ وَأَحَقُّهُمْ بِالْإِمَامَةِ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ

[Machine] The prayer was coming to an end when a man from the tribe of Abu Sa'ib, who was a non-Arab, came forward. The person leading the prayer, Mus'ab ibn Makhrama, delayed him and allowed others to go ahead of him. Eventually, the man reached Umar bin Al-Khattab, who did not recognize him or know anything about him until they arrived in Madinah. Upon reaching Madinah, Mus'ab ibn Makhrama introduced him to Umar and said, "Look at me, O Amir al-Mu'minin (Commander of the Believers). This man was non-Arab and had difficulty with the Arabic language. He was participating in Hajj, and I was afraid that some of the pilgrims would hear his recitation and mock him. So, I asked him if I could take his turban, and he allowed me to do so." Umar responded, "Indeed, you did the right thing."

فَحَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَتَقَدَّمَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ آلِ أَبِي السَّائِبِ أَعْجَمِيُّ اللِّسَانِ قَالَ فَأَخَّرَهُ الْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ وَقَدَّمَ غَيْرَهُ فَبَلَغَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَلَمْ يُعَرِّفْهُ بِشَيْءٍ حَتَّى جَاءَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَرَّفَهُ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ الْمِسْوَرُ بْنُ مَخْرَمَةَ أَنْظِرْنِي يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ كَانَ أَعْجَمِيَّ اللِّسَانِ وَكَانَ فِي الْحَجِّ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَسْمَعَ بَعْضُ الْحَاجِّ قِرَاءَتَهُ فَيَأْخُذَ بِعُجْمَتِهِ فَقَالَ هُنَالِكَ ذَهَبْتَ بِهَا؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ قَدْ أَصَبْتَ

During the days (of the battle) of Al-Jamal, Allah benefited me with a word I had heard from Allah's Apostle after I had been about to join the Companions of Al-Jamal (i.e. the camel) and fight along with them. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed that the Persians had crowned the daughter of Khosrau as their ruler, he said, "Such people as ruled by a lady will never be successful." (Using translation from Bukhārī 4425)

قَدْ نَفَعَنِي اللهُ بِكَلِمَةٍ سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ مَا كِدْتُ أَنْ أَلْحَقَ بِأَصْحَابِ الْجَمَلِ فَأُقَاتِلَهُ مَعَهُمْ بَلَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ أَهْلَ فَارِسَ مَلَّكُوا عَلَيْهِمُ ابْنَةَ كِسْرَى فَقَالَ لَنْ يُفْلِحَ قَوْمٌ وَلَّوْا أَمْرَهُمُ امْرَأَةً

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The best rows of men are the first and the worst are the last, and the best rows of women are the last and the worst are the first." Then Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us that Makhlad ibn Ja'far Ad-Daqqaq narrated to us, who narrated from Ja'far ibn Muhammad Al-Firyabi, who narrated from Ali ibn Al-Madinii, who narrated from Jarir ibn Abd Al-Hamid, who mentioned it with a similar wording.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْرُ صُفُوفِ الرِّجَالِ أَوَّلُهَا وَشَرُّهَا آخِرُهَا وَخَيْرُ صُفُوفِ النِّسَاءِ آخِرُهَا وَشَرُّهَا أَوَّلُهَا 5130 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ مَخْلَدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الدَّقَّاقُ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ ثنا جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ

The one who is most versed in Allah's Book should act as Imam for the people, but If they are equally versed in reciting it, then the one who has most knowledge regarding Sunnah if they are equal regarding the Sunnah, then the earliest one to emigrate; it they emigrated at the same time, then the earliest one to embrace Islam. No man must lead another in prayer where (the latter) has authority, or sit in his place of honour in his house, without his permission. Ashajj in his narration used the word," age" in place of" Islam". (Using translation from Muslim 673a)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللهِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ لِلسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سِنًّا وَلَا يُؤَمُّ الرَّجُلُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يُجْلَسُ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ فِي بَيْتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Make your leaders the best among you, for they are your representatives between you and your Lord." The authenticity of this hadith is weak.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اجْعَلُوا أَئِمَّتَكُمْ خِيَارَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ وَفْدُكُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ رَبِّكُمْ إِسْنَادُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ضَعِيفٌ

[Machine] Because his father was not known.

لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ لَا يُعْرَفُ أَبُوهُ

I asked AbulAshhab: Did AbdurRahman ibn Tarafah meet his grandfather Arfajah? He replied: Yes. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4233)

سَأَلْتُ عَطَاءَ بْنَ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ عَنْ وَلَدِ الزِّنَاءِ إِنْ مَرِضَ أَعُودُهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ مَاتَ أُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَإِنْ شَهِدَ تَجُوزُ شَهَادَتُهُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ يَؤُمُّ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ

[Machine] "Verily, the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: 'The child of adultery is the worst of the three. If his parents embrace Islam and he does not, then the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: 'He is the worst of the three.' And it is narrated from Aisha that she said: 'He is not burdened with the sins of his parents.' Allah, may He be exalted, says: 'No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another.' [Surah Al-An'am 164], meaning the child of adultery. And it is narrated by Ash-Sha'bi, An-Nakha'i, and Az-Zuhri regarding the child of adultery that he will lead prayers."

اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا قَالَ وَلَدُ الزِّنَاءِ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ إِنْ أَبَوََيْهِ أَسْلَمَا وَلَمْ يُسَلِمْ هُوَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هُوَ شَرُّ الثَّلَاثَةِ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ مَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ وِزْرِ أَبَوَيْهِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {لَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [الأنعام 164] تَعْنِي وَلَدَ الزِّنَاءِ وَعَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ فِي وَلَدِ الزِّنَاءِ أَنَّهُ يَؤُمُّ

We were at a place which was a thoroughfare for the people, and the caravans used to pass by us and we would ask them, "What is wrong with the people? What is wrong with the people? Who is that man?. They would say, "That man claims that Allah has sent him (as an Apostle), that he has been divinely inspired, that Allah has revealed to him such-and-such." I used to memorize that (Divine) Talk, and feel as if it was inculcated in my chest (i.e. mind) And the 'Arabs (other than Quraish) delayed their conversion to Islam till the Conquest (of Mecca). They used to say." "Leave him (i.e. Muhammad) and his people Quraish: if he overpowers them then he is a true Prophet. So, when Mecca was conquered, then every tribe rushed to embrace Islam, and my father hurried to embrace Islam before (the other members of) my tribe. When my father returned (from the Prophet) to his tribe, he said, "By Allah, I have come to you from the Prophet ﷺ for sure!" The Prophet ﷺ afterwards said to them, 'Offer such-and-such prayer at such-and-such time, and when the time for the prayer becomes due, then one of you should pronounce the Adhan (for the prayer), and let the one amongst you who knows Qur'an most should, lead the prayer." So they looked for such a person and found none who knew more Qur'an than I because of the Qur'anic material which I used to learn from the caravans. They therefore made me their Imam ((to lead the prayer) and at that time I was a boy of six or seven years, wearing a Burda (i.e. a black square garment) proved to be very short for me (and my body became partly naked). A lady from the tribe said, "Won't you cover the anus of your reciter for us?" So they bought (a piece of cloth) and made a shirt for me. I had never been so happy with anything before as I was with that shirt. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4302)

كُنَّا بِحَضْرَةِ مَاءٍ مَمَرٍّ لِلنَّاسِ وَكَانَ يَمُرُّ بِنَا الرُّكْبَانُ فَنَسْأَلُهُمْ مَا هَذَا الْأَمْرُ مَا لِلنَّاسِ؟ فَيَقُولُونَ نَبِيُّنَا يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَرْسَلَهُ وَأَنَّ اللهَ أَوْحَى إِلَيْهِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَجَعَلْتُ أَحْفَظُ ذَلِكَ الْكَلَامَ فَكَأَنَّمَا يُغْرَى فِي صَدْرِي بِغِرَاءٍ وَكَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ تَلَوَّمُ بِإِسْلَامِهَا الْفَتْحَ وَيَقُولُونَ أَنْظِرُوهُ فِي قَوْمِهِ فَإِنْ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَهُوَ نَبِيٌّ وَهُوَ صَادِقٌ فَلَمَّا جَاءَتْ وَقْعَةُ الْفَتْحِ بَادَرَ كُلُّ قَوْمٍ بِإِسْلَامِهِمْ وَانْطَلَقَ أَبِي بِإِسْلَامِ حِوَائِنَا ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ تَلَقَّيْنَاهُ فَلَمَّا رَآنَا قَالَ جِئْتُكُمْ وَاللهِ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَقًّا وَإِنَّهُ يَأْمُرُكُمْ بِكَذَا وَيَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ كَذَا وَقَالَ صَلُّوا صَلَاةَ كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا وَصَلَاةَ كَذَا فِي حِينِ كَذَا فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ لَكُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قُرْآنًا فَنَظَرُوا فِي أَهْلِ حِوَائِنَا ذَلِكَ فَمَا وَجَدُوا أَحَدًا أَكْثَرَ مِنِّي قُرْآنًا لِمَا كُنْتُ أَلْقَى مِنَ الرُّكْبَانِ فَقَدَّمُونِي بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَأَنَا ابْنُ سَبْعِ سِنِينَ أَوْ سِتِّ سِنِينَ وَكَانَتْ عَلَيَّ بُرْدَةٌ فِيهَا صِغَرٌ فَإِذَا سَجَدْتُ تَقَلَّصَتْ عَنِّي فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْحِيِّ أَلَا تُغَطُّونَ عَنَّا اسْتَ قَارِئِكُمْ؟ فَكَسَوْنِي قَمِيصًا مِنْ مُعَقَّدِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ فَمَا فَرِحْتُ بِشَيْءٍ فَرَحِي بِذَلِكَ الْقَمِيصِ

"When my people came back from the Prophet ﷺthey said that he had said: 'Let the one who recites the Quran most lead you in prayer.' So they called me and taught me how to bow and prostrate, and I used to lead them in prayer, wearing a torn cloak, and they used to say to my father: 'Will you not conceal your son's backside from us?"' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 767)

لَمَّا رَجَعَ قَوْمِي مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّهُ قَالَ لَنَا لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْثَرُكُمْ قِرَاءَةً لِلْقُرْآنِ قَالَ فَدَعَوْنِي فَعَلَّمُونِي الرُّكُوعَ وَالسُّجُودَ فَكُنْتُ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ وَعَلَيَّ بُرْدَةٌ مَفْتُوقَةٌ فَكَانُوا يَقُولُونَ لِأَبِي أَلَا تُغَطِّي عَنَّا اسْتَ ابْنِكَ وَرَوَاهُ مِسْعَرُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سَلَمَةَ

[Machine] "My people came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after they had finished reading the Qur'an, and when they had fulfilled their needs, they asked him who would lead them in prayer. He said, 'The one among you who has memorized the most of the Qur'an or who has learned the most from the Qur'an.' They returned to their people and asked them, but they did not find anyone who had memorized or learned more of the Qur'an than me. So they appointed me as their leader, even though I was just a young boy, and I used to lead them in prayer."

قَدِمَ قَوْمِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ مَا قَرَءُوا الْقُرْآنَ فَلَمَّا قَضَوْا حَوَائِجَهُمْ فَسَأَلُوهُ مَنْ يَؤُمُّهُمْ؟ فَقَالَ أَكْثَرُكُمْ جَمْعًا لِلْقُرْآنِ أَوْ أَخْذًا لِلْقُرْآنِ قَالَ فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا أَحَدًا أَجْمَعَ أَوْ آخِذًا لِلْقُرْآنِ مِنِّي قَالَ فَقَدَّمُونِي وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ وَكُنْتُ أُصَلِّي لَهُمْ أَوْ أُصَلِّي بِهِمْ قَالَ فَمَا شَهِدْتُ مَجْمَعًا إِلَّا كُنْتُ إِمَامَهُمْ

Abu Hurairah reported the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ as saying “ I am commanded to fight with men till they testify that there is no god but Allaah, when they do that they will keep their life and property safe from me, except what is due to them. (i.e., life and property) and their reckoning will be at Allaah’s hands.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2640)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَقُولُوا لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ فَإِذَا قَالُوهَا مَنَعُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "I have been ordered (by Allah) to fight against the people until they testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah and that Muhammad is Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and offer the prayers perfectly and give the obligatory charity, so if they perform that, then they save their lives and property from me except for Islamic laws and then their reckoning (accounts) will be done by Allah." (Using translation from Bukhārī 25)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَيُقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِذَا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ عَصَمُوا مِنِّي دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ

The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "I have been commanded to fight the idolators until they bear witness to La ilaha illallah (there is none worthy of worship except Allah) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah [SAW]. If they bear witness to La ilaha illallah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah [SAW], and they face our Qiblah, eat our slaughtered animals, and pray as we do, then their blood and wealth become forbidden except for a right that is due, and they will have the same rights and obligations as the Muslims." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3967)

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ؓ يَقُولُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ فَإِذَا شَهِدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَصَلُّوا صَلَاتَنَا وَاسْتَقْبَلُوا قِبْلَتَنَا وَأَكَلُوا ذَبِيحَتَنَا حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْنَا أَمْوَالُهُمْ وَدِمَاؤُهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا لَهُ مَا لِلْمُسْلِمِ وَعَلَيْهِ مَا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ lagged behind (in a journey) and I also lagged behind along with him. After having relieved himself he said: Have you any water with you? I brought to him a jar of water; he washed his palms, and face, and when he tried to get his forearms out (he could not) for the sleeve of the gown was tight. He, therefore, brought them out from under the gown and, throwing it over his shoulders, he washed his forearm. He then wiped his forelock and his turban and his socks. He then mounted and I also mounted (the ride) and came to the people. They had begun the prayer with 'Abd ar-Rabmin b. 'Anf leading them and had completed a rak'a. When he perceived the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ he began to retire. He (the Holy Prophet) signed to him to continue and offered prayer along with them. Then when he had pronounced the salutation, the Apostle ﷺ got up and I also got up with him, and we offered the rak'a which had been finished before we came. (Using translation from Muslim 274h)

تَخَلَّفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَتَخَلَّفْتُ مَعَهُ فَلَمَّا قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ قَالَ مَعَكَ مَاءٌ؟ فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِمَطْهَرَةٍ فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَكَفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ يَحْسِرُ عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْهِ فَضَاقَ كُمُ الْجُبَّةِ فَأَخْرَجَ يَدَهُ مِنَ الْجُبَّةِ وَأَلْقَى الْجُبَّةَ عَلَى مَنْكِبَيْهِ وَغَسَلَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ وَمَسَحَ بِنَاصِيَتِهِ وَعَلَى الْعِمَامَةِ وَعَلَى خُفَّيْهِ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ وَرَكِبْتُ فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْقَوْمِ وَقَدْ قَامُوا فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ وَقَدْ رَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَكْعَةً فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ ذَهَبَ يَتَأَخَّرُ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَقُمْتُ مَعَهُ فَرَكَعْنَا الرَّكْعَةَ الَّتِي سُبِقْنَا

The Prophet ﷺ said: The imam is appointed only to be followed; when he says "Allah is most great," say "Allah is most great" and do not say "Allah is most great" until he says "Allah is most great." When he bows; bow; and do not bow until he bows. And when he says "Allah listens to him who praise Him," say "O Allah, our Lord, to Thee be the praise." The version recorded by Muslim goes: "And to Thee be the praise: And when he prostrate; and do not prostrate until he prostrates. When he prays standing, pray standing, and when he prays sitting, all of you pray sitting. Abu Dawud said: The words "O Allah, our Lord, to You be the praise" reported by Sulaiman were explained to me by some of our companions. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 603)

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهٌ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَلَا تُكَبِّرُوا حَتَّى يُكَبِّرَ وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَلَا تَرْكَعُوا حَتَّى يَرْكَعَ وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا اللهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ قَالَ مُسْلِمٌ وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا سَجَدَ فَاسْجُدُوا وَلَا تَسْجُدُوا حَتَّى يَسْجُدَ وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعِينَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ اللهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَفْهَمَنِي بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "When you hear the call to prayer, then walk calmly and serenely. Whatever part of it you catch, offer the prayer, and whatever you miss, make it up."

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا سَمِعْتُمُ الْإِقَامَةَ فَامْشُوا وَعَلَيْكُمُ السَّكِينَةُ فَمَا أَدْرَكْتُمْ فَصَلُّوا وَمَا فَاتَكُمْ فَاقْضُوا