We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from Mecca making for Medina. When we were near Azwara', he alighted, then raised his hands, and made supplication to Allah for a time, after which he prostrated himself, remaining a long time in prostration. Then he stood up and raised his hands for a time, after which he prostrated himself, remaining a long time in prostration. He then stood up and raised his hands for a time, after which he prostrated himself. Ahmad mentioned it three times. He then said: I begged my Lord and made intercession for my people, and He gave me a third of my people, so I prostrated myself in gratitude to my Lord. Then I raised my head and begged my Lord for my people, and He gave me a third of my people, so I prostrated myself in gratitude to my Lord. Then I raised my head and begged my Lord for my people and He gave me the remaining third, so I prostrated myself in gratitude to my Lord. Abu Dawud said: When Ahmad b. Salih narrated this tradition to us, he omitted the name of Ash'ath b. Ishaq, but Musa b. Sahl al-Ramli narrated it to us through him. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2775)

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ مَكَّةَ نُرِيدُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ قَرِيبًا مِنْ عَزْوَرَ نَزَلَ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَدَعَا اللهَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ خَرَّ سَاجِدًا فَمَكَثَ طَوِيلًا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ خَرَّ سَاجِدًا ذَكَرَهُ أَحْمَدُ ثَلَاثًا قَالَ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَبِّي وَشَفَعْتُ لِأُمَّتِي فَأَعْطَانِي ثُلُثَ أُمَّتِي فَخَرَرْتُ لِرَبِّي سَاجِدًا شُكْرًا ثُمَّ رَفَعْتُ رَأْسِي فَسَأَلْتُ رَبِّي لِأُمَّتِي فَأَعْطَانِي ثُلُثَ أُمَّتِي فَخَرَرْتُ سَاجِدًا لِرَبِّي شُكْرًا ثُمَّ قُمْتُ فَسَأَلْتُ رَبِّي لِأُمَّتِي فَأَعْطَانِي الثُّلُثَ الْآخَرَ فَخَرَرْتُ سَاجِدًا لِرَبِّي ﷻ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَشْعَثُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ أَسْقَطَهُ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ حِينَ حَدَّثَنَا بِهِ فَحَدَّثَنِي بِهِ عَنْهُ مُوسَى بْنُ سَهْلٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ

[Machine] I entered the mosque and saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ coming out of the mosque, so I followed him and walked behind him without him realizing I was there until he entered a date palm grove and faced the qibla (direction of prayer) and prostrated. He prolonged the prostration, and I was behind him until I thought that Allah Almighty had taken his soul, so I approached to see, and I lowered my head to take a look at his face. He raised his head and said, "What is it, O Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud?" So I said, "When you prolonged the prostration, O Messenger of Allah, I was afraid that Allah had taken your soul, so I approached to see." He said, "When you saw me, I entered the date palm grove and met Jibril (Gabriel), ﷺ , who said to me, 'I give you glad tidings that Allah Almighty says: Whoever sends peace upon you, I send peace upon him, and whoever sends blessings upon you, I send blessings upon him.'"

دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَارِجًا مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ أَمْشِي وَرَاءَهُ وَلَا يَشْعُرُ بِي حَتَّى دَخَلَ نَخْلًا فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ فَسَجَدَ فَأَطَالَ السُّجُودَ وَأَنَا وَرَاءَهُ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى تَوَفَّاهُ فَأَقْبَلْتُ أَمْشِي حَتَّى جِئْتُهُ فَطَأْطَأْتُ رَأْسِي أَنْظُرُ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ مَا لَكَ يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَمَّا أَطَلْتَ السُّجُودَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ اللهُ قَدْ تَوَفَّى نَفْسَكَ فَجِئْتُ أَنْظُرُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَمَّا رَأَيْتَنِي دَخَلْتُ النَّخْلَ لَقِيتُ جَبْرَائِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ أُبَشِّرُكَ أَنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ مَنْ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْكَ سَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ صَلَّى عَلَيْكَ صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I met Gabriel ﷺ and he gave me glad tidings and said, 'Verily, your Lord says to you: Whoever sends blessings upon you, I will send blessings upon him, and whoever sends peace upon you, I will send peace upon him.' So I prostrated to Allah in gratitude." This narration is reported by Jabir ibn Abdullah, Jarir ibn Abdullah ibn Umar, Anas ibn Malik, and Abu Juhaifa from the Prophet ﷺ , and what we have mentioned is sufficient from the narrations of the weak narrators.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنِّي لَقِيتُ جَبْرَائِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَبَشَّرَنِي وَقَالَ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقُولُ لَكَ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَيْكَ صَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْكَ سَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَسَجَدَتُ لِلَّهِ شُكْرًا وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَجَرِيرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَأَبِي جُحَيْفَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا كِفَايَةٌ عَنْ رِوَايَةِ الضُّعَفَاءِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a man with curly hair and a short height, so the Prophet ﷺ prostrated and then said, "I ask Allah for protection, and this is a detached narration from Jabir Al-Ju'fi, but he has a witness from another source."

رَأَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا نَغَاشِيًّا يُقَالُ لَهُ زَنِيمٌ قَصِيرٌ فَخَرَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَسْأَلُ اللهَ الْعَافِيَةَ وَهَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَرِوَايَةُ جَابِرٍ الْجُعْفِيِّ وَلَكِنْ لَهُ شَاهِدٌ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ

[Machine] A man with a white mark on his forehead was seen, so he prostrated. Muhammad ibn 'Ubayd Allah said that Abu Bakr, when he saw a victory or a man with a white mark on his forehead, would prostrate, and it was also said that 'Umar, when he saw a victory or a man with a white mark on his forehead, would prostrate. It is said that this is 'Arfajah al-Sulami, and he did not have any companions, so he would be considered a reliable witness for what had passed. It is also said that it was narrated by Misaar from Abu 'Awn from Muhammad ibn 'Ubayd Allah from Yahya ibn al-Jazzar from the Prophet, ﷺ , as a reliable narration. And it was narrated from him by Abu Bakr and 'Umar.

ﷺ أَبْصَرَ رَجُلًا بِهِ زِمَانَةٌ فَسَجَدَ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ وَأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ أَتَاهُ فَتْحٌ فَسَجَدَ وَأَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ أَتَاهُ فَتْحٌ أَوْ أَبْصَرَ رَجُلًا بِهِ زِمَانَةً فَسَجَدَ وَيُقَالُ هَذَا عَرْفَجَةُ السُّلَمِيُّ وَلَا يَرَوْنَ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ فَيَكُونُ مُرْسَلًا شَاهِدًا لِمَا تَقَدَّمَ وَقِيلَ عَنْ مِسْعَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي عَوْنٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْجَزَّارِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا ثُمَّ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ لَمَّا أَتَاهُ فَتْحُ الْيَمَامَةِ سَجَدَ

[Machine] Search for it, meaning the key, but they did not find it, so he began to sweat and say, "By Allah, I did not lie nor did I deceive." So they extracted it from his legs and he prostrated.

اطْلُبُوهُ يَعْنِي الْمُخَدَّجَ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَجَعَلَ يَعْرَقُ جَبِينُهُ وَيَقُولُ وَاللهِ مَا كَذَبْتُ وَلَا كُذِبْتُ فَاسْتَخْرَجُوهُ مِنْ سَاقَيْهِ فَسَجَدَ

[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ explained it in the hadith that Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Abu Sa'id Ahmed bin Ya'qub Al-Thaqafi narrated to me, Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Najiyyah narrated to me, Muhammad bin Bashshar narrated to me, Yahya bin Sa'id narrated to me, and Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Abu Bakr bin Ishaq and Abu Sa'id Al-Thaqafi said, Yusuf bin Ya'qub Al-Qadi narrated to me, Muhammad bin Abi Bakr narrated to me, Yahya bin Sa'id narrated to me, from Ubaidullah bin Umar, Sa'id bin Abi Sa'id narrated to me, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, that the Prophet ﷺ entered the mosque and a man entered and prayed, then he came and greeted the Prophet ﷺ , and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Peace be upon you. Go back and pray, for you have not prayed until you have done so three times." The man said, "By the One who sent you with the truth, I do not know anything better than this. Show me and teach me." The Prophet ﷺ said, "When you get up for prayer, say the Takbir, then recite what is easy for you from the Quran, then bow until you feel at ease in the bowing position, then raise up until you are standing straight, then prostrate until you feel at ease in the prostration position, then raise up until you feel at ease while sitting, then do the same in your entire prayer." This is the wording of the hadith of Al-Qadi.

وَقَدْ بَيَّنَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ نَاجِيَةَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَالَا ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْقَاضِي ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ فَصَلَّى ثُمَّ جَاءَ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ حَتَّى فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا أُحْسِنُ غَيْرَ هَذَا فَأَرِنِي وَعَلِّمْنِي قَالَ إِذَا قُمْتَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ كَبِّرْ ثُمَّ اقْرَأْ مَا تَيَسَّرَ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ ارْكَعْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ رَاكِعًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ حَتَّى تَعْتَدِلَ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ اسْجُدْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ جَالِسًا ثُمَّ افْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فِي صَلَاتِكَ كُلِّهَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْقَاضِي

[Machine] A man entered the mosque and prayed while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in a corner of the mosque. He came and greeted him, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "May peace be upon you. Go back and pray, for you have not prayed." The man returned and prayed, then greeted him again. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "May peace be upon you. Go back and pray, for you have not prayed." The man asked him in the third instance and said, "O Messenger of Allah, teach me." He said to him, "When you stand up for prayer, perform ablution properly, then face the direction of the qibla, and say the takbeer, then recite whatever is easy for you from the Quran. Then bow until you are at ease in the position of bowing, then raise your head until you are at ease in the standing position, then prostrate until you are at ease in the prostration position, then raise until you are in a sitting position and at ease, then prostrate until you are at ease in the prostration position, then raise until you are in a standing position and at ease. Then do this in all your prayers."

أَنَّ رَجُلًا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَصَلَّى وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَجَاءَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ قَالَ فَرَجَعَ فَصَلَّى ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ وَعَلَيْكَ ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَعَلِّمْنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ لَهُ إِذَا قُمْتَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَأَسْبَغِ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبِلِ الْقِبْلَةَ فَكَبِّرْ ثُمَّ اقْرَأْ مَا تَيَسَّرَ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ ارْكَعْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ رَاكِعًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ رَأْسَكَ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ اسْجُدْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ حَتَّى تَسْتَوِيَ وَتَطْمَئِنَّ جَالِسًا ثُمَّ اسْجُدْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ حَتَّى تَسْتَوِيَ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ افْعَلْ ذَلِكَ فِي صَلَاتِكَ كُلِّهَا

[Machine] He told him that a man entered the mosque, prayed, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ glanced at him and we did not notice. When he finished, he approached and greeted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said to him, "Go back and pray, for you did not pray." So he returned and prayed. Then he approached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ again, and the Messenger of Allah said to him, "Go back and pray, for you did not pray two or three times." The man said, "By the One who honored you, O Messenger of Allah, I did my best, so teach me." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "When you want to pray, perform ablution and perfect your ablution. Then face the qibla, say takbeer, then recite the Quran, then bow, and be at ease while bowing, then raise yourself until you are standing upright, then prostrate and be at ease while prostrating, then raise yourself until you are sitting upright, then prostrate until you are at ease while prostrating, then raise yourself, and do this until you complete your prayer." 3946 And Abu Al-Husayn Ibn Bishran Al-Adl Al-Baghdadi informed us, and Abu Al-Hasan Ali Ibn Muhammad Al-Misri informed us, and Muqaddam Ibn Dawud informed us, and Abdullah Ibn Abd Al-Hakam informed us, and Bakr Ibn Mudar informed us, from Ibn Ajlan, from Ali Ibn Yahya Al-Zurqi, from his father, from his uncle, who was present during the Battle of Badr, that he said, "We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when a man entered the mosque and stood in a corner to pray, and he recited the mentioned hadith, and additional information mentioned in it, and then he said, 'Then stand and face the qibla and say takbeer, and in the second prostration, prostrate until you are at ease while prostrating. When you do that, then you have completed your prayer, and whatever you missed from that, it is just a decrease in your prayer.'"

أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَجُلًا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَصَلَّى وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَرْمُقُهُ وَنَحْنُ لَا نَشْعُرُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَقْبَلَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ فَرَجَعَ فَصَلَّى ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَقَدْ جَهِدْتُ فَعَلِّمْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ إِذَا قُمْتَ تُرِيدُ الصَّلَاةَ فَتَوَضَّأْ وَأَحْسِنْ وُضُوءَكَ ثُمَّ اسْتَقْبِلِ الْقِبْلَةَ فَكَبِّرْ ثُمَّ اقْرَأْ ثُمَّ ارْكَعْ فَاطْمَئِنَّ رَاكِعًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ حَتَّى تَعْتَدِلَ قَائِمًا ثُمَّ اسْجُدْ فَاطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ قَاعِدًا ثُمَّ اسْجُدْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ ارْفَعْ ثُمَّ افْعَلْ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَفْرُغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِكَ 3946 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ ثنا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ ثنا مِقْدَامُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَكَمِ ثنا بَكْرُ بْنُ مُضَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَجْلَانَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى الزُّرَقِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمِّهِ وَكَانَ بَدْرِيًّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ الْمَسْجِدَ فَقَامَ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ مِنْهُ يُصَلِّي وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ مِنَ الزِّيَادَةِ ثُمَّ قُمْ فَاسْتَقْبِلِ الْقِبْلَةَ وَقَالَ فِي السُّجُودِ الثَّانِي ثُمَّ اسْجُدْ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا فَإِذَا صَنَعْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ قَضَيْتَ صَلَاتَكَ وَمَا انْتَقَصْتَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا تَنْقُصُ مِنْ صَلَاتِكَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a man praying in the mosque one day. When the man finished, he came and greeted the Messenger of Allah and said, "Peace be upon you. Please tell me, how can I pray better?". The Messenger of Allah replied, "When you stand up to pray, perform the ablution properly and then say the takbeer. When you are standing straight, recite Surah Al-Fatiha, and then recite from the Quran whatever you have with you. Then, bow down until you feel at ease while bowing, and then raise your head until you are standing straight and say 'Allah hears the one who praises Him'. Then, prostrate until you feel at ease while prostrating, and then raise your head until you are sitting straight. Do this in your entire prayer. " (3948)

Narrated Abu Zakariyya and Abu Bakr: Abu Al-Abbas narrated to us, from Baher, who said that it has been recited over Ibn Wahb, that Dawud bin Qais told you that Dawud bin Qais informed him, that his father who is Badri [Muslim fighter in the Battle of Badr] told him, that he was sitting with the Messenger of Allah in the mosque. Then, he mentioned the Hadith and the Messenger of Allah said to him, "When you complete your prayer in this way, your prayer is complete, and whatever you have missed is a deficiency in your prayer." Ibn Wahb attributed this story to what has passed, and Yunnus bin Abd al-A'la narrated it to us from Dawud bin Qais, but he went against the chain of narration and mentioned the recitation of Surah Al-Fatiha. (3949)

Narrated Abu Ali Al-Rudhbary, who informed us, that Abu Bakr bin Dasa narrated to me, from Abu Dawud, from Wahb bin Baqiyyah, from Khalid, from Mohammed bin Amr, from Ali bin Yahya bin Khaled, from Rifaa'ah bin Rafi', with the same story, and he said, "When you stand up, then turn towards the Qibla and say the takbeer. Then, recite Surah Al-Fatiha and whatever Allah wills you to recite. When you bow down, place your hands on your knees and straighten your back. When you prostrate, make a space for your prostration. When you raise your head, sit on your left thigh."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ رَأَى رَجُلًا يُصَلِّي يَوْمًا وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ الرَّجُلُ جَاءَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلَامُ ارْجِعْ فَصَلِّ فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تُصَلِّ فَرَجَعَ فَصَلَّى ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَرَجَعَ فَصَلَّى مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا أُحْسِنُ غَيْرَ مَا تَرَى فَعَلِّمْنِي كَيْفَ أُصَلِّي؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِذَا قُمْتَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَأَسْبَغِ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ كَبِّرْ فَإِذَا اسْتَوَيْتَ قَائِمًا قَرَأْتَ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ قَرَأْتَ بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ ثُمَّ رَكَعْتَ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ رَاكِعًا ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ حَتَّى تَعْتَدِلَ قَائِمًا وَتَقُولُ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ ثُمَّ تَسْجُدُ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ سَاجِدًا ثُمَّ تَرْفَعُ رَأْسَكَ حَتَّى تَطْمَئِنَّ قَاعِدًا ثُمَّ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ فِي صَلَاتِكَ كُلِّهَا 3948 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا بَحْرٌ قَالَ قُرِئَ عَلَى ابْنِ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَكَ دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْمَدَنِيُّ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَلَّادٍ الزُّرَقِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ عَمٍّ لَهُ بَدْرِيٍّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ جَالِسًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا أَتْمَمْتَ صَلَاتَكَ عَلَى نَحْوِ هَذَا فَقَدْ تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُكَ وَمَا نَقَصْتَ مِنْ هَذَا فَإِنَّمَا تَنْقُصُهُ مِنْ صَلَاتِكَ أَحَالَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ بِهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ عَلَى مَا مَضَى وَرَوَاهُ غَيْرُ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ فَلَمْ يُثْبِتْ تَعْيِينَ الْقِرَاءَةِ وَرَوَاهُ يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى عَنِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ فَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِ قِرَاءَةَ أُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ 3949 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ عَنْ خَالِدٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَلَّادٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ رَافِعٍ بِهَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ قَالَ إِذَا قُمْتَ فَتَوَجَّهْتَ إِلَى الْقِبْلَةِ فَكَبِّرْ ثُمَّ اقْرَأْ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ وَبِمَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ وَإِذَا رَكَعْتَ فَضَعْ رَاحَتَيْكَ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْكَ وَامْدُدْ ظَهْرَكَ وَقَالَ إِذَا سَجَدْتَ فَمَكِّنْ لِسُجُودِكَ فَإِذَا رَفَعْتَ فَاقْعُدْ عَلَى فَخِذِكَ الْيُسْرَى

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no prayer for the one who does not recite Surat al-Fatiha and other chapters of the Quran."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ فَصَاعِدًا

He who does not recite Umm al-Qur'an is not credited with having observed prayer. (Using translation from Muslim 394c)

أَنَّ مَحْمُودَ بْنَ الرَّبِيعِ الَّذِي مَجَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي وَجْهِهِ مِنْ بِئْرِهِمْ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يَقْرَأْ بِأُمِّ الْقُرْآنِ

If anyone observes a prayer in which he does not recite Umm al-Qur’an, it is incomplete, it is incomplete, it is incomplete, and deficient. (The narrator said) I said: Abu Hurairah, sometime I pray behind the imam(then what should I do)? Pressing my hand he replied: O Persian, recite it inwardly, for I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying that Allah, Most High, has said: I have Me and the Half for my servant and My servant will receive what he asks. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Recite. When the servant says: “praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Universe,” Allah, Most High says: “My servant has praised me.” When the servant says: “ The Compassionate, the merciful, “Allah Most High says: “My servant has lauded me.” When the servant says: “Owner of the Day of Judgment,” Allah, Most High, says: “My servant has glorified Me” When the servant says: “ Thee do we worship and of thee we ask help. “ (Allah says) “This is between Me and My servant, and My servant will receive what he asks.” When the servant says: “ Guide us to the Straight Path, the path of those whom thou hast favoured, not ( the path) of those who earn thine anger nor of those who go astray,”(Allah says: ) “This is for My servant, and My servant will receive what he asks.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 821)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةً لَمْ يَقْرَأْ فِيهَا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ فَهِيَ خِدَاجٌ غَيْرُ تَمَامٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ إِنِّي أَكُونُ أَحْيَانًا وَرَاءَ الْإِمَامِ فَغَمَزَ ذِرَاعِي وَقَالَ يَا فَارِسِيُّ اقْرَأْ بِهَا فِي نَفْسِكَ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَعْنِي يَقُولُ اللهُ قَسَمْتُ الصَّلَاةَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي نِصْفَيْنِ فَنِصْفُهَا لِي وَنِصْفُهَا لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ يَقُولُ عَبْدِي {الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ} [الفاتحة 2] يَقُولُ اللهُ حَمِدَنِي عَبْدِي فَيَقُولُ {الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] فَيَقُولُ اللهُ أَثْنَى عَلَيَّ عَبْدِي يَقُولُ عَبْدِي {مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ} يَقُولُ اللهُ مَجَّدَنِي عَبْدِي وَهَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ عَبْدِي يَقُولُ عَبْدِي {إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ} [الفاتحة 5] فَهَذِهِ الْآيَةُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ وَآخَرُ السُّورَةِ لِعَبْدِي وَلِعَبْدِي مَا سَأَلَ يَقُولُ عَبْدِي {اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ} [الفاتحة 6] إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded me to announce that prayer is not valid but with the recitation of Fatihat al-kitab and something more. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 820)

أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أُنَادِيَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ أَنْ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِقِرَاءَةِ فَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by Ubay ibn Ka'b while he was standing and praying. He called out to him, so Allah said, "O Ubay, hurry up!" So Ubay hurried in his prayer, then he came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who said, "What prevented you, O Ubay, from answering me when I called you? Doesn't Allah say, 'O you who have believed, respond to Allah and to the Messenger when he calls you'?" Ubay said, "I was overwhelmed, O Messenger of Allah, and you must know that I would not have let you down if I had been praying." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Would you like me to teach you a Surah that was not revealed in the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, or the Quran? Ubay said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not leave the mosque until you learn it." The Prophet ﷺ was walking towards the door to leave, and when he reached the door to leave, he said to him, "Which Surah was it, O Messenger of Allah?" So he stopped and said, "Yes, how do you recite in your prayer?" Ubay recited Surah Al-Fatiha, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, it was not revealed in the Torah, the Gospel, the Psalms, or the Quran, and it is the seven repeated verses that Allah has given me." And it was narrated by 'Abdul Hamid ibn Ja'far from Al-Ala' from his father from Abu Hurayrah, or with a similar meaning in the story of Al-Fatiha without the story of the response, and it was narrated by Jahdam ibn 'Abdullah from Al-Ala' from his father from Abu Hurayrah, and Malik ibn Anas disagreed with them, and he narrated it from Al-Ala' from Abu Sa'eed, the freed slave of 'Amir ibn Kariz. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Ubay ibn Ka'b, and he mentioned him as a messenger, and it was narrated by Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasir from Abdullah ibn Abi Bakr from Abu Zinad from Al-A'raj from Abu Hurayrah.

مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي فَصَرَخَ بِهِ فَقَالَ تَعَالَى يَا أُبَيُّ فَعَجَّلَ أُبَيٌّ فِي صَلَاتِهِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا مَنَعَكَ يَا أُبَيُّ أَنْ تُجِيبَنِي إِذْ دَعَوْتُكَ أَلَيْسَ اللهُ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ {يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اسْتَجِيبُوا لِلَّهَ وَلِلرَّسُولِ إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ} الْآيَةَ؟ قَالَ أُبَيٌّ جَرَمَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَا تَدْعُونِي إِلَّا أَجَبْتُكَ وَإِنْ كُنْتُ مُصَلِّيًا قَالَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أُعَلِّمَكَ سُورَةً لَمْ تَنْزِلْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَلَا فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ وَلَا فِي الزَّبُورِ وَلَا فِي الْفُرْقَانِ مِثْلُهَا؟ فَقَالَ أُبَيٌّ نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ لَا تَخْرُجْ مِنْ بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ حَتَّى تَعْلَمَهَا وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمْشِي يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْمَسْجِدِ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الْبَابَ لِيَخْرُجَ قَالَ لَهُ أِيُّ السُّورَةِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَوَقَفَ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ كَيْفَ تَقْرَأُ فِي صَلَاتِكَ؟ فَقَرَأَ أُبَيٌّ أُمَّ الْقُرْآنِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا أُنْزِلَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَلَا فِي الْإِنْجِيلِ وَلَا فِي الزَّبُورِ وَلَا فِي الْفُرْقَانِ مِثْلُهَا وَإِنَّهَا لَهِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي الَّذِي آتَانِيَ اللهُ ﷻ وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ الْحَمِيدِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ بِمَعْنَاهُ فِي قِصَّةِ الْفَاتِحَةِ دُونَ قِصَّةِ الْإِجَابَةِ وَرَوَاهُ جَهْضَمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَخَالَفَهُمْ مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ فَرَوَاهُ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ مَوْلَى عَامِرِ بْنِ كَرِيزٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِأُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ فَذَكَرَهُ مُرْسَلًا وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزِّنَادِ عَنِ الْأَعْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ : "Alhamdulillah, the Qur'an is the mother of the Quran, the seven repeated verses, and the magnificent Qur'an."

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَالسَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَالْقُرْآنُ الْعَظِيمُ

[Machine] It is reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds. The seven verses are (found) in {In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful} [Surah al-Fatiha 1]. It is the seven oft-repeated verses, and it is the Mother of the Quran and the Opening of the Book. And likewise..."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ سَبْعُ آيَاتٍ بِ {بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ} [الفاتحة 1] وَهِيَ السَّبْعُ الْمَثَانِي وَهِيَ أُمُّ الْقُرْآنِ وَفَاتِحَةُ الْكِتَابِ وَكَذَلِكَ

The Messenger of Allah( may peace be upon him) used to teach us the tashahhud as he would teach us the Qur’an, and would say: The blessed adoration of the tongue, acts of worship (and) all good things are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and Allah’s mercy and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon Allah’s upright servants. I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is Allah’s apostle (peace be upon him). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 974)

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعَلِّمُنَا التَّشَهُّدَ كَمَا يُعَلِّمُنَا الْقُرْآنَ وَكَانَ يَقُولُ التَّحِيَّاتُ الْمُبَارَكَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ لِلَّهِ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ سَلَامٌ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عِيسَى

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to teach us the Tashahhud, just as he used to teach us a Surah from the Quran.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعَلِّمُنَا التَّشَهُّدَ كَمَا يُعَلِّمُنَا السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ

[Machine] "About the Prophet ﷺ , when he is sitting, he should begin by saying the pure and sincere greetings to Allah, peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah, and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger."

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَإِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْقُعُودِ فَلْيَقُلْ أَوَّلَ مَا يَتَكَلَّمُ بِهِ التَّحِيَّاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ الزَّاكِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ

[Machine] When we used to pray, we did not know what to say. We would say "Peace be upon Allah, peace be upon Gabriel, peace be upon Michael, peace be upon the prophets." Then the Messenger of Allah taught us and said, "Verily, Allah is the Peace, so when you pray, say greetings to Allah, prayers and good deeds. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah." Abu Wael said in his narration from Abdullah from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, "When you say it, it reaches every near and dear angel, every sent prophet, and every righteous servant. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger." And Abu Muhammad informed us that Ismail narrated to us from Ahmad bin Mansur, who narrated from Yazid, who narrated from Sufyan, who narrated from Abu Ishaq, who narrated from Abu Al-Ahwas and Abu Ubaydah, who narrated from Abdullah, who narrated from the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with a similar narration. This was recorded in Sahih from the narration of Mansur and Al-A'mash from Abu Wael from Abdullah, as was mentioned earlier.

كُنَّا إِذَا صَلَّيْنَا لَا نَدْرِي مَا نَقُولُ نَقُولُ السَّلَامُ عَلَى اللهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى جَبْرَائِيلَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى مِيكَائِيلَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّينَ فَعَلَّمَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ هُوَ السَّلَامُ فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ فَقُولُوا التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ قَالَ أَبُو وَائِلٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَإِذَا قُلْتَهَا أَصَابَتْ كُلَّ مَلَكٍ مُقَرَّبٍ وَنَبِيٍّ مُرْسَلٍ وَعَبْدٍ صَالِحٍ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ 3961 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ثنا يَزِيدُ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ وَأَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَنْصُورٍ وَالْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ كَمَا مَضَى

[Machine] That the Tashahhud, the greeting of peace upon Allah, is obligatory for us before His creation. The greeting of peace upon Jibril and Mikail. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught us the Tashahhud, and likewise.

أَنْ يُفْرَضَ عَلَيْنَا التَّشَهُّدُ السَّلَامُ عَلَى اللهِ قَبْلَ خَلْقِهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى جَبْرَائِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ فَعَلَّمَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ التَّشَهُّدَ وَكَذَلِكَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to teach us the "tashahhud" just as he would teach us a chapter from the Quran. He would say, "There is no prayer without the tashahhud, and its meaning is..."

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعَلِّمُنَا التَّشَهُّدَ كَمَا يُعَلِّمُنَا السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَيَقُولُ لَا صَلَاةَ إِلَّا بِتَشَهُّدٍ وَبِمَعْنَاهُ

[Machine] "He said that prayer is not valid except with the tashahhud."

أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا تَجُوزُ صَلَاةٌ إِلَّا بِتَشَهُّدٍ

[Machine] He reported to me about prayer on the Messenger of Allah ﷺ : When a Muslim prays upon him in his prayer, Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Al-Harith Al-Tamimi reported from Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Zaid bin Abdullah bin Rabee' Al-Ansari, the brother of Harith bin Al-Khazraj, from Abu Mas'ood Al-Ansari, from Uqbah bin Amr who said: "A man approached until he sat next to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while we were with him and said: O Messenger of Allah, as for sending peace upon you, we know that, but how do we pray upon you when we pray in our prayers? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained silent until we wished that the man had not asked him, then he said: When you pray upon me, say: O Allah, send peace upon Muhammad the unlettered Prophet, and upon the family of Muhammad, as You sent peace upon Ibrahim and upon the family of Ibrahim, and bless Muhammad the unlettered Prophet and the family of Muhammad, as You blessed Ibrahim and the family of Ibrahim. Indeed, You are praiseworthy and glorious." Ali said: This is a good and connected chain of narration.

وَحَدَّثَنِي فِي الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا الْمَرْءُ الْمُسْلِمُ صَلَّى عَلَيْهِ فِي صَلَاتِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ التَّمِيمِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ رَبِّهِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ أَخِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو قَالَ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمَّا السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ فَقَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ فَكَيْفَ نُصَلِّي عَلَيْكَ إِذَا نَحْنُ صَلَّيْنَا فِي صَلَاتِنَا قَالَ فَصَمَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى أَحْبَبْنَا أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَمْ يَسْأَلْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ عَلَيَّ فَقُولُوا اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِيِّ الْأُمِّيِّ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا بَارَكْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ مُتَّصِلٌ

[Machine] On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: "When one of you gives the testimony of faith (Tashahhud) in prayer, let him say: 'O Allah, send peace and blessings upon Muhammad and his family, and bless Muhammad and his family, and have mercy on Muhammad and his family, just as You sent peace, blessings, and mercy upon Ibrahim and his family. Indeed, You are Praiseworthy, Glorious.' Abdullah Ibn Mas'ud said this, and Allah knows best."

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا تَشَهَّدَ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلْيَقُلْ اللهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَبَارِكْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَارْحَمْ مُحَمَّدًا وَآلَ مُحَمَّدٍ كَمَا صَلَّيْتَ وَبَارَكْتَ وَتَرَحَّمْتَ عَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَعَلَى آلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ إِنَّكَ حَمِيدٌ مَجِيدٌ كَذَا قَالَهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ

[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ used to say, "There is no prayer for the one who does not have ablution, and there is no ablution for the one who does not mention the name of Allah upon it, and there is no prayer for the one who does not send blessings upon the Prophet of Allah ﷺ ." Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us, narrating from Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Ahmad as-Saffar, narrating from Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Bahar al-Burri, narrating from his father, who narrated from Abdullah al-Muhaymin. His narration is weak and his narrations are not relied upon. It was narrated from Aisha with a raised chain and its chain is weak.

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ لَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَا وُضُوءَ لَهُ وَلَا وُضُوءَ لِمَنْ لَا يَذْكُرُ اسْمَ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ وَلَا صَلَاةَ لِمَنْ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَى نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ بَحْرٍ الْبُرِّيُّ ثنا أَبِي قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْمُهَيْمِنِ فَذَكَرَهُ وَعَبْدُ الْمُهَيْمِنِ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِرِوَايَاتِهِ وَرُوِيَ فِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ مَرْفُوعًا وَإِسْنَادُهُ ضَعِيفٌ

[Machine] If I were to pray a prayer in which I do not send blessings upon Muhammad and his family, I would consider my prayer incomplete. Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Khushaysh al-Tamimi, from Kufa, informed us that Abu Bakr Abdullah ibn Yahya ibn Muawiya al-Talhi narrated to us from Abu Husayn Muhammad ibn al-Husayn ibn Habib, who narrated from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Maymun, who narrated from Abu Malik al-Janbi, from Sharik, who said: "I heard Ibrahim ibn Muhammad narrate from Ubaydullah ibn Musa, who narrated from Isra'il altogether, who narrated from Jabir, who narrated from Abu Ja'far, who narrated from Abu Mas'ud al-Badri, who said: "If I were to pray a prayer in which I do not send blessings upon Muhammad and his family, I consider it incomplete." Jabir al-Ju'fi narrated this chain of transmission, and he is weak. In what has preceded here, and in the chapter of the description of prayer, it is sufficient. And with Allah is success. And it has been narrated to us from al-Sha'bi that he said: "Whoever does not send blessings upon the Prophet ﷺ in the Tashahhud, let him repeat his prayer," or he said: "His prayer is not valid." And it has been narrated to us the meaning of it from al-Hajjaj ibn Artat, from Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ali ibn al-Husayn.

لَوْ صَلَّيْتُ صَلَاةً لَا أُصَلِّي فِيهَا عَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ لَرَأَيْتُ أَنَّ صَلَاتِي لَا تَتِمُّ
3969 وَأَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ خُشَيْشٍ التَّمِيمِيُّ بِالْكُوفَةِ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ الطَّلْحِيُّ ثنا أَبُو حُصَيْنٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَبِيبٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ ثنا أَبُو مَالِكٍ الْجَنْبِيُّ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ قَالَ وَثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ جَمِيعًا عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيِّ قَالَ لَوْ صَلَّيْتُ صَلَاةً لَا أُصَلِّي فِيهَا عَلَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلَى آلِ مُحَمَّدٍ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَنَّهَا تَتِمُّ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ جَابِرٌ الْجُعْفِيُّ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ وَفِيمَا مَضَى هَاهُنَا وَفِي بَابِ صِفَةِ الصَّلَاةِ كِفَايَةٌ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ لَمْ يُصَلِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي التَّشَهُّدِ فَلْيُعِدْ صَلَاتَهُ أَوْ قَالَ لَا تُجْزِي صَلَاتُهُ وَرُوِّينَا مَعْنَاهُ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ أَرْطَاةَ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “The key to prayer is purification; entering it is takbeer and exiting it is tasleem.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 1006)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الطُّهُورُ وَإِحْرَامُهَا التَّكْبِيرُ وَإِحْلَالُهَا التَّسْلِيمُ

[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The key to prayer is ablution, its sanctification is Takbeer, and its permission is Tasleem.' Abu Umar ad-Dareer exclusively reported this, as claimed by Ibn Saad, and many of the scholars have followed him. Habban bin Hilal also narrated it from Hassan, and it is Hassan who exclusively reported it. Abu Nasr Umar bin Abdul Aziz bin Qatadah narrated it, Abu Amr reported on the authority of Abu al-Abbas ibn Abi ad-Dummek, who reported on the authority of Abdullah al-Ayshiyy, who reported on the authority of Hassan bin Ibrahim, who reported on the authority of Abu Sufyan, who reported on the authority of Abu Nadrat, who reported on the authority of Abu Sa'id, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'The key to prayer is ablution, its sanctification is Takbeer, and its permission is Tasleem.' This is the narration that Abu Sufyan Tarif as-Sa'di preserved, and the hadith of Abu Sa'id is often mentioned."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الْوُضُوءُ وَتَحْرِيمُهَا التَّكْبِيرُ وَتَحْلِيلُهَا التَّسْلِيمُ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ أَبُو عُمَرَ الضَّرِيرُ هَكَذَا فِيمَا زَعَمَ ابْنُ صَاعِدٍ وَكَثِيرٌ مِنَ الْحُفَّاظِ وَقَدْ تَابَعَهُ عَلَيْهِ حَبَّانُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ عَنْ حَسَّانَ فَحَسَّانُ هُوَ الَّذِي تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ وَقَدْ 3972 أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ بْنُ أَبِي الدُّمَيْكِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ الْعَيْشِيُّ ثنا حَسَّانُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ الْوُضُوءُ وَالتَّكْبِيرُ تَحْرِيمُهَا وَالتَّسْلِيمُ تَحْلِيلُهَا هَذَا هُوَ الْمَحْفُوظُ عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ طَرِيفٍ السَّعْدِيِّ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ يَدُورُ عَلَيْهِ

[Machine] He said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Wudu is the key to prayer, and the takbeer is its sanctification, and the tasleem is its release. In every two units of prayer, there is a tasleem, and a prayer is not valid except with the opening chapter of the book (Quran) and another chapter along with it." Abu Abdur Rahman said, "So I asked Abu Hanifa, 'What does it mean by a tasleem in every two units of prayer?' He said, 'It means the tashahhud, and likewise.'"

أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْوُضُوءُ مِفْتَاحُ الصَّلَاةِ وَالتَّكْبِيرُ تَحْرِيمُهَا وَالتَّسْلِيمُ تَحْلِيلُهَا وَفِي كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ تَسْلِيمٌ وَلَا تُجْزِي صَلَاةٌ إِلَّا بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَمَعَهَا غَيْرُهَا قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي حَنِيفَةَ مَا يَعْنِي فِي كُلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ تَسْلِيمٌ قَالَ يَعْنِي التَّشَهُّدَ وَكَذَلِكَ

[Machine] The Prophet of Allah ﷺ used to turn to the people with his face when he sat at the end of his prayer before reciting the Tashahhud. This was before he said the Tasleem.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا قَعَدَ فِي آخِرِ صَلَاتِهِ قَبْلَ التَّشَهُّدِ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِوَجْهِهِ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ التَّسْلِيمُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ narrated the hadith of a man who prayed and said in what he was taught by the Prophet ﷺ : "When you stand for prayer, perform ablution as Allah has commanded you. Then, testify [to the oneness of Allah] and establish the prayer, then say takbir [Allahu Akbar]. If you have the Quran with you, recite from it. Otherwise, praise Allah and say takbir." He (the narrator) said at the end: "And if you decrease in any way from it, you have decreased from your prayer." Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz narrated that Abu Al-Abbas Al-Mahbubiyy narrated from Abu Isa Muhammad bin Isa Al-Tirmidhi, who narrated from Qutaybah bin Saeed Al-Thaqafi, and Ali bin Hujr Al-Saadiyy, who said: "Ismail bin Jafar narrated from Yahya bin Ali bin Yahya bin Khallad bin Rafi Al-Zurqi, who mentioned it in a similar manner."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَصَّ يَعْنِي حَدِيثَ الرَّجُلِ الَّذِي صَلَّى وَقَالَ فِيمَا عَلَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا قُمْتَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَتَوَضَّأْ كَمَا أَمَرَكَ اللهُ ثُمَّ تَشَهَّدْ فَأَقِمْ ثُمَّ كَبِّرْ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَعَكَ قُرْآنٌ فَاقْرَأْ بِهِ وَإِلَّا فَاحْمِدِ اللهَ وَكَبِّرْهُ وَهَلِّلْهُ قَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ وَإِنِ انْتَقَصْتَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا انْتَقَصْتَ مِنْ صَلَاتِكَ 3976 وَأنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْمَحْبُوبِيُّ ثنا أَبُو عِيسَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ ثنا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ قَالَا ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ خَلَّادِ بْنِ رَافِعٍ الزُّرَقِيِّ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ

[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "I do not excel in reciting the Quran. Please teach me something from the Quran that will suffice for me." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Say: All praise is due to Allah, and glory be to Allah, and there is no god but Allah, and Allah is the Greatest, and there is no power or might except with Allah." When the man repeated these words, he said, "O Messenger of Allah, these words are for my Lord. What should I say for myself?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Say: O Allah, forgive me, have mercy on me, guide me, provide for me, and protect me." The man said these words and then left. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This man has filled his hands with goodness."

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَا أُحْسِنُ الْقُرْآنَ فَعَلِّمْنِي شَيْئًا يُجْزِينِي مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ فَلَمَّا عَقَدَ عَلَيْهِنَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذِهِ لِرَبِّي فَمَاذَا أَقُولُ لِنَفْسِي قَالَ قُلْ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَاهْدِنِي وَارْزُقْنِي وَعَافِنِي قَالَ فَقَبَضَ عَلَيْهِنَّ ثُمَّ وَلَّى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ مَلَأَ هَذَا يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ 3978 أنبأ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ الشَّيْبَانِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَسَنٍ الْهِلَالِيُّ ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ثنا مِسْعَرٌ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ السَّكْسَكِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوَفَى قَالَ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ آخُذَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْئًا فَعَلِّمْنِي مَا يُجْزِينِي مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ قَالَ فَقَامَ أَوْ ذَهَبَ أَوْ نَحْوُ هَذَا فَقَالَ هَذَا لِلَّهِ فَمَا لِي؟ قَالَ قُلْ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَعَافِنِي وَارْزُقْنِي قَالَ مِسْعَرٌ وَرُبَّمَا اسْتَفْهَمْتُ بَعْضَهُ مِنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ يَزِيدَ الدَّالَانِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ 3979 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قُوهْيَارَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ أنبأ يَعْلَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ يَزِيدَ الْوَاسِطِيِّ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي لَا أُحْسِنُ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَعَلِّمْنِي مَا يُجْزِينِي مِنْهُ فَقَالَ قُلْ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ فَذَهَبَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ لِرَبِّي فَمَا لِيَ؟ قَالَ قُلْ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي وَارْحَمْنِي وَاهْدِنِي وَارْزُقْنِي وَعَافِنِي وَاعْفُ عَنِّي فَلَمَّا وَلَّى الرَّجُلُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَّا هَذَا فَقَدْ مَلَأَ يَدَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ

[Machine] So there is no harm in that, and this is what Ash-Shafi'i used to do in the past and he would narrate it from a man narrating from Ja'far bin Muhammad from his father from 'Umar in the sense of narrating from Abu Salamah, and he would weaken what is narrated in this story from Ash-Sha'bi and Ibrahim an-Nakha'i that 'Umar reestablished the prayer because they were both sent (as messengers). Abu Salamah reported it from Al-Madinah, and no one denies it in the household of 'Umar.

فلَا بَأْسَ إِذًا وَإِلَى هَذَا كَانَ يَذْهَبُ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ وَيَرْوِيهِ أَيْضًا عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بِمَعْنَى رِوَايَةِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَيُضَعِّفُ مَا رُوِيَ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ النَّخَعِيِّ أَنَّ عُمَرَ أَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ بِأَنَّهُمَا مُرْسَلَتَانِ قَالَ وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ يُحَدِّثُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَعِنْدَ آلِ عُمَرَ لَا يُنْكِرْهُ أَحَدٌ

[Machine] I have prepared a caravan to go to Damascus, and I have made it stay in camps along the way until I reached Damascus. Then I sold it and distributed its wealth and belongings. Omar said, "Then they returned."

إِنَّى جَهَّزْتُ عِيرًا إِلَى الشَّامِ فَجَعَلْتُ أُنْزِلُهَا مَنْقَلَةً مَنْقَلَةً حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ الشَّامَ فَبَعْتُهَا وَأَقْتَابَهَا وَأَحْلَاسَهَا وَأَحْمَالَهَا قَالَ فَأَعَادَ عُمَرُ وَأَعَادُوا

[Machine] "So you did not read, so he repeated the prayer 3983 times. And Abu Nasr narrated, Abu Muhammad narrated, Mu'adh narrated from Kamil, from Hammad, from Ibn Awun, from Al-Sha'bi, that Abu Musa Al-Ash'ari said to Umar ibn Al-Khattab, 'O Amir al-Mu'minin, did you not read within yourself?' He said, 'No.' So he commanded the mu'adhdhin and they called the adhan and established the prayer again with them. And these narrations are transmitted from Ibrahim and Al-Sha'bi, as Al-Shafi'i said, and the narration of Abu Salamah, and if it is transmitted, it is the most correct chains of transmission. And his hadith in Al-Madinah, in the place of the incident, as Al-Shafi'i said, no one denies it except that the hadith of Al-Sha'bi is traced back to another source, and repeating the prayer is more similar to the Sunnah in the obligation of recitation, and that it does not fall due to forgetfulness like the other pillars."

فَإِنَّكَ لَمْ تَقْرَأْ فَأَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ 3983 وَأنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ أنبأ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ أنبأ مُعَاذٌ ثنا كَامِلٌ ثنا حَمَّادٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيَّ قَالَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَقَرَأْتَ فِي نَفْسِكَ قَالَ لَا فَأَمَرَ الْمُؤَذِّنِينَ فَأَذَّنُوا وَأَقَامُوا وَأَعَادَ الصَّلَاةَ بِهِمْ وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَاتُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ مُرْسَلَةٌ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ وَإِنْ كَانَتْ مُرْسَلَةً فَهُوَ أَصَحُّ مَرَاسِيلَ وَحَدِيثُهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي مَوْضِعِ الْوَاقِعَةِ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ لَا يُنْكِرُهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ حَدِيثَ الشَّعْبِيِّ قَدْ أُسْنِدَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ وَالْإِعَادَةُ أَشْبَهُ بِالسُّنَّةِ فِي وُجُوبِ الْقِرَاءَةِ وَأَنَّهَا لَا تَسْقُطُ بِالنِّسْيَانِ كَسَائِرِ الْأَرْكَانِ

[Machine] There is a unique narration from Umar, in which Ikrimah ibn Ammar plays a special role.

عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ فِيهِ رِوَايَةٌ ثَالِثَةٌ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ

[Machine] Your prayer is completed and if this is correct, it indicates that it is permissible to refrain from reciting the prayer aloud or reciting the Surah, based on previous reports about finding recitation. The statement of Al-Harith Al-Awar is not considered as evidence in this case.

تَمَّتْ صَلَاتُكَ وَهَذَا إِنْ صَحَّ فَمَحْمُولٌ عَلَى تَرْكِ الْجَهْرِ أَوْ قِرَاءَةِ السُّورَةِ بِدَلِيلِ مَا مَضَى مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ الْمُسْنَدَةِ فِي إِيجَادِ الْقِرَاءَةِ وَالْحَارِثُ الْأَعْوَرُ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ

I passed by Hisham bin Hakeem bin Hizam when he was reciting Sooratal-Furqan during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I listened to his recitation and he was reciting in a manner different from the way in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had taught me to recite it. I was about to interrupt him whilst he was praying, but I waited until he finished his prayer, and then I tied his garment around his neck. I said to him: Who taught you this soorah that you are reciting? He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught it to me. I said to him: You are lying by Allah! He taught me this soorah that you recited. I brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, ʿO Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I heard this man reciting Sooratal-Furqan in a way different to the way you taught it to me, and you taught me Sooratal-Furqan, The Prophet ﷺ said: Let him go, O ʿUmar: Recite it, O Hisham. So he recited it to him as I had heard him recite it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, ʿThus it was revealed.ʿ Then he said to me, ʿRecite it,” so I recited it and he said, “Thus it was revealed.ʿ Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is said: ʿThis Qurʿan has been revealed in seven different ways, so recite it in the way that is easiest for you.” It was narrated from al Miswar bin Makhramah and ʿAbdur-Rahman bin Abdul-Qari that they heard Umar bin al Khattab say: I passed by Hisham bin Hakeem bin Hizam when he was reciting Sooratal-Furqan during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I listened to his recitation and he was reciting in a way different from the way in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had taught me to recite it. I was about to interrupt him whilst he was praying, but I waited until he said the tasleem, and when he had said the tasleem,... and he narrated a similar report. (Using translation from Aḥmad 296)

مَرَرْتُ بِهِشَامِ بْنِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ يَقْرَأُ سُورَةَ الْفُرْقَانِ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَمَعْتُ قِرَاءَتَهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَقْرَأُ عَلَى حُرُوفٍ كَثِيرَةٍ لَمْ يُقْرِئْنِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَكِدْتُ أَنْ أُسَاوِرَهُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَانْتَظَرْتُ حَتَّى سَلَّمَ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ لَبَبْتُهُ بِرِدَائِهِ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ أَقْرَأَكَ هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ الَّتِي أَسْمَعُكَ تَقْرَؤُهَا؟ قَالَ أَقْرَأَنِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَهُ كَذَبْتَ وَاللهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَهُوَ أَقْرَأَنِي هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ الَّتِي تَقْرَؤُهَا فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَقُودُهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ هَذَا يَقْرَأُ سُورَةَ الْفُرْقَانِ عَلَى حُرُوفٍ لَمْ تُقْرِئْنِيهَا وَأَنْتَ أَقْرَأْتَنِي سُورَةَ الْفُرْقَانِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَرْسِلْهُ يَا عُمَرُ اقْرَأْهَا يَا هِشَامُ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ الْقِرَاءَةَ الَّتِي سَمِعْتُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اقْرَأْ يَا عُمَرُ فَقَرَأْتُ الْقِرَاءَةَ الَّتِي أَقْرَأَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَكَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ أُنْزَلَ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ فَاقْرَءُوا مِنْهُ مَا تَيَسَّرَ

[Machine] I was sitting in the mosque when a man entered and read a recitation that I disliked. Then another man entered and read a recitation different from his companion's. After they left, we entered upon the Messenger of Allah and I said, "O Messenger of Allah, this man read a recitation that I disliked and then he read a recitation different from his companion's." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to the man, "Read." So he recited. Then he said to the other man, "Read." So he recited. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You have done well or you have succeeded." When I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approving of both of them, I became satisfied in my heart and wished that I had remained ignorant (of my opinion). He said: "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw what had happened to me, he struck me lightly on my chest with his hand until I saw Allah as a light, then he said, 'O Ubayy bin Ka'b, indeed my Lord has commanded me to recite the Quran in a specific manner.' I replied, 'O Lord, make it easy for my Ummah.' So he made it easy for me once. I said, 'O Lord, make it easy for my Ummah.' So he made it easy for me once again. I said, 'O Lord, make it easy for my Ummah.' So he made it easy for me three times. Each time, I requested something and he granted it. I said, 'O Allah, forgive my Ummah, O Allah, forgive my Ummah.' And I delayed the third request until the Day of Resurrection, when the creation will be eagerly seeking something from me, even Ibrahim ﷺ .

كُنْتُ جَالِسًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَدَخَلَ رَجُلٌ فَقَرَأَ قِرَاءَةً أَنْكَرْتُهَا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ آخَرُ فَقَرَأَ قِرَاءَةً سِوَى قِرَاءَةِ صَاحِبِهِ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَا دَخَلْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَرَأَ قِرَاءَةً أَنْكَرْتُهَا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذَا قِرَاءَةً سِوَى قِرَاءَةِ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلرَّجُلِ اقْرَأْ فَقَرَأَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْآخَرِ اقْرَأْ فَقَرَأَ فَقَالَ أَحْسَنْتُمَا أَوْ أَصَبْتُمَا فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حَسَّنَ شَأْنَهُمَا سَقَطَ فِي نَفْسِي وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا غَشِيَنِي ضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ فِي صَدْرِي فَفِضْتُ عَرَقًا وَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى اللهِ فَرَقًا ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أُبَيُّ بْنَ كَعْبٍ إِنَّ رَبِّي أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى حَرْفٍ قَالَ فَرَدَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَبِّ هَوِّنْ عَلَى أُمَّتِي فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ الثَّانِيَةَ أَنْ أَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى حَرْفٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَبِّ هَوِّنْ عَلَى أُمَّتِي فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ الثَّالِثَةَ أَنِ اقْرَأْ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ وَلَكَ بِكُلِّ رَدَّةٍ رُدِدْتَهَا مَسْأَلَةٌ تَسْأَلَنِيهَا فَقُلْتُ اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأُمَّتِي اللهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِأُمَّتِي وَأَخَّرْتُ الثَّالِثَةَ إِلَى يَوْمٍ يَرْغَبُ إِلَيَّ فِيهِ الْخَلْقُ حَتَّى إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ

Allah has commanded you to recite to your people the Qur'an in one dialect. Upon this he said: I ask from Allah pardon and forgiveness. My people are not capable of doing it. He then came for the second time and said: Allah has commanded you that you should recite the Qur'an to your people in two dialects. Upon this he (the Holy prophet) again said: I seek pardon and forgiveness from Allah, my people would not be able to do so. He (Gabriel) came for the third time and said: Allah has commanded you to recite the Qur'an to your people in three dialects. Upon this he said: I ask pardon and forgiveness from Allah. My people would not be able to do it. He then came to him for the fourth time and said: Allah has commanded you to recite the Qur'an to your people in seven dialects, and in whichever dialect they would recite, they would be right. (Using translation from Muslim 821a)

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ وَهُوَ عِنْدَ أَضَاةِ بَنِي غِفَارٍ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْتَ وَأُمَّتَكَ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى حَرْفٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَسْأَلُ اللهَ مُعَافَاتَهُ وَمَغْفِرَتَهُ إِنَّ أُمَّتِي لَا تُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْتَ وَأُمَّتَكَ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أُمَّتِي لَا تُطِيقُ هَذَا ثُمَّ عَادَ فَقَالَ اللهُ ﷻ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْتَ وَأُمَّتَكَ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْرُفٍ قَالَ أَسْأَلُ اللهَ مُعَافَاتَهُ وَمَغْفِرَتَهُ إِنَّ أُمَّتِي لَا تُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْتَ وَأُمَّتَكَ أَنْ تَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ أِيُّ حَرْفٍ قَرَءُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقَدْ أَصَابُوا

[Machine] I read a verse, and Ibn Mas'ud also read it differently. So we went to the Prophet ﷺ , and I said, "Didn't you read the verse like this and this?" He said, "Yes." Ibn Mas'ud said, "Didn't you read it like this and this?" He said, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Both of you are correct and beautifiers." I said, "Neither of us is better or more beautiful." He then struck my chest and said, "O Abu Bakr, was I not taught the Quran? Was it taught to me on one letter or two letters?" Then the angel who was with him said, "It was taught to you on two letters." So I said, "On two letters." Then it was asked, "On two letters or three?" So the angel with him said to me, "On three." So I said, "On three." This continued until it reached seven letters. Then the angel said, "There is nothing in it except for a shad and a kaf." I said, "Forgiving, Merciful, All-Knowing, Forbearing, All-Hearing, All-Knowing, Mighty, Wise." Similar to this, unless a verse ends with punishment and mercy, or mercy and punishment. And Ma'mar narrated it from Qatadah, and he sent it.

قَرَأْتُ آيَةً وَقَرَأَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ قِرَاءَةً خِلَافَهَا فَأَتَيْنَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ أَلَمْ تُقْرِأْنِي آيَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ أَلَمْ تُقْرِأْنِيهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ كِلَاكُمَا مُحْسِنٌ مُجْمِلٌ قُلْتُ مَا كِلَانَا أَحْسَنَ وَلَا أَجْمَلَ قَالَ فَضَرَبَ فِي صَدْرِي وَقَالَ يَا أُبَيُّ أُقْرِئْتُ الْقُرْآنَ فَقِيلَ لِي عَلَى حَرْفٍ أَمَ عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ؟ فَقَالَ الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي مَعِي عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ فَقُلْتُ عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ فَقِيلَ لِي عَلَى حَرْفَيْنِ أَمْ ثَلَاثَةٍ؟ فَقَالَ لِيَ الْمَلَكُ الَّذِي مَعِي عَلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ فَقُلْتُ ثَلَاثَةٌ حَتَّى بَلَغَ سَبْعَةَ أَحْرُفٍ قَالَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا إِلَّا شَافٍ كَافٍ قُلْتُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ عَلَيْمٌ حَلِيمٌ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ نَحْوُ هَذَا مَا لَمْ يَخْتِمْ آيَةَ عَذَابٍ بِرَحْمَةٍ أَوْ رَحْمَةٍ بِعَذَابٍ وَرَوَاهُ مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فَأَرْسَلَهُ

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Gabriel recited the Quran to me, and I reviewed it with him. I continued to do so and he increased my understanding, until it reached seven verses. Al-Zuhri said, 'These seven verses are not disputed in terms of what is permissible and what is forbidden.'"

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ أَقْرَأَنِي جَبْرَائِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَى حَرْفٍ فَرَاجَعْتُهُ فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أَسْتَزِيدُهُ وَيَزِيدُنِي حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَإِنَّمَا هَذِهِ الْأَحْرُفُ فِي الْأَمْرِ الْوَاحِدِ لَيْسَ يُخْتَلَفُ فِي حَلَالٍ وَلَا حَرَامٍ

[Machine] I heard him say, "So read as you have been taught" and he did not mention his statement and turned away.

سَمِعْتُ وَقَالَ فَاقْرَءُوا كَمَا عَلِمْتُمْ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهُ وَأَقْبِلْ

[Machine] Abu Ubayd said: his statement denotes seven languages, meaning seven languages of the Arabs. It does not mean that each letter has seven faces, as this has never been heard of. However, these seven languages are separate in the Qur'an. Some of it was revealed in the dialect of Quraysh, and some in the dialect of Hawazin, and some in the dialect of Hudhayl, and some in the dialect of the people of Yemen, and so on with the rest of the languages. The meanings of all of them are the same. Ibn Mas'ud clarified this statement, as mentioned by Ibn Sirin. Indeed, it is like your statement, "come and approach and explain." Then Ibn Sirin interpreted it and said regarding the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud: "If there is nothing but one difference." And in our recitation [it is stated], "{a single blast}." And the meaning is the same in both of them. And on this basis are the rest of the languages.

قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ قَوْلُهُ سَبْعَةُ أَحْرُفٍ يَعْنِي سَبْعَ لُغَاتٍ مِنْ لُغَاتِ الْعَرَبِ وَلَيْسَ مَعْنَاهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي الْحَرْفِ الْوَاحِدِ سَبْعُ أَوْجُهٍ هَذَا مَا لَمْ يُسْمَعْ بِهِ قَطُّ وَلَكِنْ يَقُولُ هَذِهِ اللُّغَاتُ السَّبْعُ مُتَفَرِّقَةٌ فِي الْقُرْآنِ فَبَعْضُهُ نَزَلَ بِلُغَةِ قُرَيْشٍ وَبَعْضُهُ بِلُغَةِ هَوَازِنَ وَبَعْضُهُ بِلُغَةِ هُذَيْلَ وَبَعْضُهُ بِلُغَةِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ وَكَذَلِكَ سَائِرُ اللُّغَاتِ وَمَعَانِيهَا فِي هَذَا كُلِّهِ وَاحِدٌ وَمِمَّا يُبَيِّنُ لَكَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ كَقَوْلِكَ هَلُمَّ وتَعَالَ وَأَقْبِلْ ثُمَّ فَسَّرَهُ ابْنُ سِيرِينَ فَقَالَ فِي قِرَاءَةِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ إِنْ كَانَتِ إِلَّا زَقْيَةً وَاحِدَةً وَفِي قِرَاءَتِنَا {صَيْحَةً وَاحِدَةً} [يس 29] وَالْمَعْنَى فِيهِمَا وَاحِدٌ وَعَلَى هَذَا سَائِرُ اللُّغَاتِ

[Machine] In the story of the collection of the Quran, when Uthman bin 'Affan called Zaid bin Thabit, he commanded him and Abdullah bin Zubair, Sa'id bin al-'As, and 'Abd al-Rahman bin al-Harith bin Hisham to copy the scrolls into the Qur'an. He said, "If you differ with Zaid bin Thabit in it, then write it in the language of the Quraysh, for it was revealed in their language." So they wrote the scrolls in the Qur'an, but they disagreed with Zaid bin Thabit regarding the word "taboot" (ark). The Quraysh tribe said "ataboot" and Zaid said "attabuh". They referred their disagreement to Uthman bin 'Affan, who said, "Write it as "attaboot" (ark) because it is in the language of the Quraysh." Isma'il narrated to us in the story of the ark, connected at the end of his narration by Ibrahim bin Hamza, and Abu al-Walid clarified it from the narration. And it was included in the statement of al-Zuhri.

فِي قِصَّةِ جَمْعِ الْقُرْآنِ حِينَ دَعَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَأَمَرَهُ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ وَسَعِيدَ بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ أَنْ يَنْسَخُوا الصُّحُفَ فِي الْمَصَاحِفِ وَقَالَ مَا اخْتَلَفْتُمْ أَنْتُمْ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فِيهِ فَاكْتُبُوهُ بِلِسَانِ قُرَيْشٍ فَإِنَّمَا نَزَلَ بِلِسَانِهِمْ فَكَتَبُوا الصُّحُفَ فِي الْمَصَاحِفِ فَاخْتَلَفُوا هُمْ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَقَالَ الرَّهْطُ الْقُرَشِيُّونَ التَّابُوتُ وَقَالَ زَيْدٌ التَّابُوهُ فَرَفَعُوا اخْتِلَافَهُمْ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ ؓ فَقَالَ اكْتُبُوهُ التَّابُوتَ فَإِنَّهُ بِلِسَانِ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ بِقِصَّةِ التَّابُوتِ مَوْصُولًا فِي آخِرِ حَدِيثِهِ وَفَصَلَهُ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ فَجَعَلَهُ مِنْ قَوْلِ الزُّهْرِيِّ

and they differed on that day about ˹the spelling of the word˺ tābūt. Zayd said that ˹it should be˺ tābuh, while Saʿīd b. al-ʿĀṣ and Ibn Zubayr said that ˹it should be˺ tābūt. They then escalated their disagreement to ʿUthmān ؓ so he said: Write it as tābūt because it is in their dialect.

اكْتُبُوهُ التَّابُوتُ فَإِنَّهُ بِلِسَانِهِمْ

[Machine] Reading is a Sunnah (recommended practice) and indeed, Allah knows best that following those before us in the pronunciation (haroof) and recitations (qira'at) is a confirmed Sunnah. It is not permissible to deviate from the Quranic text that is the Imam, nor is it permissible to deviate from the well-known recitations. However, if the deviation is about language or a prominent difference, then it is permissible. And with Allah is the tawfeeq (success). As for the reports mentioned in the permission to read "Ghafoorur Raheem" instead of "Aleemun Hakeem" in Surah Al-Baqarah (2:173) and "Aleemun Hakeem" instead of "Ghafoorur Raheem" in Surah An-Nisa (4:26), that is because all of it was revealed through revelation. So, if one recites them in a place other than their actual position, as long as they do not conclude an Ayah of punishment with an Ayah of mercy or an Ayah of mercy with an Ayah of punishment, it is as if they recited an Ayah from one Surah and an Ayah from another Surah, and they will not be sinful for doing so. Similarly, the origin is what the recitation settled upon in the year the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died after Jibreel (Gabriel) contradicted the Prophet ﷺ with it twice in that year. Then the companions agreed on its certification between the two covers.

الْقِرَاءَةُ سُنَّةٌ وَإِنَّمَا أَرَادَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اتِّبَاعَ مَنْ قَبْلَنَا فِي الْحُرُوفِ وَفِي الْقِرَاءَاتِ سُنَّةٌ مُتَّبَعَةٌ لَا يَجُوزُ مُخَالَفَةُ الْمُصْحَفِ الَّذِي هُوَ إِمَامٌ وَلَا مُخَالَفَةُ الْقِرَاءَاتِ الَّتِي هِيَ مَشْهُورَةٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ سَائِغًا فِي اللُّغَةِ أَوْ أَظْهَرَ مِنْهَا وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ وَأَمَّا الْأَخْبَارُ الَّتِي وَرَدَتْ فِي إِجَازَةِ قِرَاءَةِ {غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} [البقرة 173] بَدَلَ {عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ} [النساء 26]؛ فَلَأَنَّ جَمِيعَ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا نَزَلَ بِهِ الْوَحْيُ فَإِذَا قَرَأَ ذَلِكَ فِي غَيْرِ مَوْضِعِهِ مَا لَمْ يَخْتِمْ بِهِ آيَةَ عَذَابٍ بِآيَةِ رَحْمَةٍ أَوْ رَحْمَةٍ بِعَذَابٍ فَكَأَنَّهُ قَرَأَ آيَةً مِنْ سُورَةٍ وَآيَةً مِنْ سُورَةٍ أُخْرَى فَلَا يَأْثَمُ بِقِرَاءَتِهَا كَذَلِكَ وَالْأَصْلُ مَا اسْتَقَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِ الْقِرَاءَةُ فِي السَّنَةِ الَّتِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ مَا عَارَضَهُ بِهِ جَبْرَائِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي تِلْكَ السَّنَةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ اجْتَمَعَتِ الصَّحَابَةُ عَلَى إِثْبَاتِهِ بَيْنَ الدَّفَّتَيْنِ