[Machine] "He said, 'The middle prayer is the prayer of Dhuhr.'"  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ الصَّلَاةُ الْوُسْطَى صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ  

[Machine] They maintained the prayers and the prayer of Asr, so we recited it according to the era of the Messenger of Allah. Whatever Allah willed, we recited it. Then he said, "Indeed, Allah abrogated it and revealed (the verse) 'Maintain the prayers and the middle prayer.' "[Al-Baqarah 2:238] A man said to him, "Is Asr prayer included?" He said, "I have already informed you how it was revealed and how Allah abrogated it. And Allah knows best."  

نَزَلَتْ حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ فَقَرَأْنَاهَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنَّ نَقْرَأَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ نَسَخَهَا فَأَنْزَلَ {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى} [البقرة 238] فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ أَهِيَ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ؟ فَقَالَ قَدْ أَخْبَرْتُكَ كَيْفَ نَزَلَتْ وَكَيْفَ نَسَخَهَا اللهُ؟ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] We read it with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a long time ago (Preserve the prayers and the Asr prayer). Then we read it afterwards {Preserve the prayers and the middle prayer} [Al-Baqarah 238], so I don't know if it is this or not.  

قَرَأْنَاهَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ زَمَانًا (حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ) ثُمَّ قَرَأْنَاهَا بَعْدُ {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى} [البقرة 238] فَلَا أَدْرِي أَهِيَ هِيَ أَمْ لَا  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Battle of the Trench, and he said, "May Allah fill their homes and graves with fire, as they have kept us from performing the middle prayer until the sun has set, which is the Asr prayer."  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ فَقَالَ مَلَأَ اللهُ بُيُوتَهُمْ وَقُبُورَهُمْ نَارًا كَمَا شَغَلُونَا عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَهِيَ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ  

I heard ʿAli ؓ say: On the day of al-Ahzab, we prayed ‘Asr between Maghrib and ʿIshaʿ. The Prophet ﷺ said: ʿThey distracted us from the middle prayer, ‘Asr, prayer, may Allah fill their graves and stomachs with fire.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 1246)   

سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْأَحْزَابِ صَلَّيْنَا الْعَصْرَ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ شَغَلُونَا عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ مَلَأَ اللهُ قُبُورَهُمْ وَأَجْوَافَهُمْ نَارًا  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying on the day of Al-Ahzab, "They have distracted us from offering the Asr (noon) prayer until the sun has set. May Allah fill their graves and bellies with fire."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْأَحْزَابِ يَقُولُ شَغَلُونَا عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ مَلَأَ اللهُ قُبُورَهُمْ وَأَجْوَافَهُمْ نَارًا  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "On the day of Al-Khandaq (the Battle of the Trench), we were preoccupied and missed the middle prayer (Dhuhr), so Allah filled their bellies and graves with fire."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ شَغَلُونَا عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ مَلَأَ اللهُ أَجْوَافَهُمْ وَقُبُورَهُمْ نَارًا  

Messenger of Allah said: "Salatul-Wusta is the Asr prayer." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 181)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ صَلَاةُ الْوُسْطَى صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ  

[Machine] "The middle prayer is the Asr prayer, as narrated with this chain of transmission. It was opposed by others, who narrated it from At-Taymi, said to be from Abu Huraira 2166. Abu Al-Husayn bin Bishran informed us, Isma'il bin Muhammad As-Saffar reported to me, Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al-Basri reported to me, Al-Ansari narrated to me, Sulayman At-Taymi informed me, mentioning it as suspended 2167. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz and Abu Sa'id bin Abi Amr narrated to us, they said, Abu Al-Abbas Al-Asamm reported to us, Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Hanbal narrated to me, my father narrated to me, Yahya bin Sa'id narrated to me, from At-Taymi, mentioning it as suspended. Abdullah said, my father said, he is not Abu Salih As-Saman, nor Bazam, this is Basri, I see him weighty, meaning his name is Mizan (balance). The Sheikh said, this is the statement of Ali bin Abi Talib in the two most authentic narrations from him, and the statement of Ubay bin Ka'b, Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari, Abu Huraira, Abdullah bin Amr bin Al-'As, and one of the two narrations from Ibn 'Umar, and Ibn 'Abbas, and Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri, and Aisha, and it was also narrated from Qabisa bin Dhuwib, who is from the Tabi'in, that it is the Maghrib prayer."  

ﷺ قَالَ صَلَاةُ الْوُسْطَى صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ كَذَا رُوِيَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ خَالَفَهُ غَيْرُهُ فَرَوَاهُ عَنِ التَّيْمِيِّ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ 2166 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَصْرِيُّ ثنا الْأَنْصَارِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي سُلَيْمَانُ التَّيْمِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ مَوْقُوفًا 2167 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ التَّيْمِيِّ فَذَكَرَهُ مَوْقُوفًا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ قَالَ أَبِي لَيْسَ هُوَ أَبُو صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانُ وَلَا بَاذَامُ هَذَا بَصْرِيُّ أُرَاهُ مِيزَانَ يَعْنِي اسْمُهُ مِيزَانُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهَذَا قَوْلُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ فِي أَصَحِّ الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنْهُ وَقَوْلُ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ وَأَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ وَإِحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَعَائِشَةَ ؓ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ قَبِيصَةَ بْنِ ذُوَيْبٍ وَهُوَ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ أَنَّهَا صَلَاةُ الْمَغْرِبِ  

[Machine] Malik, and that is an opinion.  

مَالِكٌ وَذَلِكَ رَأَيٌ  

Messenger of Allah said: "Salatul-Wusta is the Asr prayer." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 181)   

صَلَاةُ الْوُسْطَى صَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ  

[Machine] A man in front of us saw the whiteness of his armpits. After he completed the prayer, he faced us with his face and said, "This is the prayer that Allah mentioned in his book: 'And establish prayer and give zakah and bow with those who bow [in worship and obedience]'" (Quran 2:43). And so it is.  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ لَرَأَى بَيَاضَ إِبْطَيْهِ فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ الصَّلَاةُ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا اللهُ ﷻ فِي كِتَابِهِ {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ} [البقرة 238] وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] "Do not include the prompt answer."  

اللهُ ﷻ فِيهَا {وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ} [البقرة 238]  

[Machine] By it, he argued.  

بِهِ احْتَجَّ  

'Aishah commanded me to write for her come passage from the Qur'an. She also added: When you reach the following verse, inform me: "Be guardian of your prayers and of the midmost prayer" (2:238). When I reached it, I informed her. She asked me to write: "Be guardians of your prayers, and of the midmost prayer, and of the 'Asr prayer, and stand up with devotion of Allah" (2:238). 'Aishah then said: I heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 410)   

إِذَا بَلَغَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَآذِنِّي {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى} [البقرة 238] فَلَمَّا بَلَغْتُهَا آذَنْتُهَا فَأَمْلَتْ عَلَيَّ حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ وَقُومُوا للَّهِ قَانِتِينَ وَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

'Aishah commanded me to write for her come passage from the Qur'an. She also added: When you reach the following verse, inform me: "Be guardian of your prayers and of the midmost prayer" (2:238). When I reached it, I informed her. She asked me to write: "Be guardians of your prayers, and of the midmost prayer, and of the 'Asr prayer, and stand up with devotion of Allah" (2:238). 'Aishah then said: I heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 410)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَكْتُبُ مُصْحَفًا لِحَفْصَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِذَا بَلَغْتَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فَآذِنِّي {حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى} [البقرة 238] فَلَمَّا بَلَغْتُهَا آذَنْتُهَا فَأَمْلَتْ عَلَيَّ حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ  

[Machine] "For the one who writes, when you come across the mention of prayer, leave its place until I teach you what I have heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recite. So he did and wrote: 'Safeguard the prayers, the middle prayer, and the afternoon prayer.' Nafi' said, 'I saw the letter "waw" hanging, and this is connected except that it has sending from Nafi'.' Then he confirmed it with what he had been informed, and the hadith of Zaid bin Aslam from Amr al-Katib is connected, and even if it is suspended, it is a witness to the authenticity of the narration of Ubaydullah bin Umar from Nafi' and indeed."  

لِلَّذِي يَكْتُبُ إِذَا أَتَيْتَ عَلَى ذِكْرِ الصَّلَاةِ فَذَرْ مَوْضِعَهَا حَتَّى أُعَلِّمَكَ مَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهْ ﷺ يَقْرَأُ فَفَعَلَ فَكَتَبَ حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ قَالَ نَافِعٌ فَرَأَيْتُ الْوَاوَ مُعَلَّقَةَ وَهَذَا مُسْنَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ فِيهِ إِرْسَالًا مِنْ جِهَةِ نَافِعٍ ثُمَّ أَكَّدَهُ بِمَا أَخْبَرَ عَنْ رُؤْيَتِهِ وَحَدِيثِ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ عَمْرٍو الْكَاتِبِ مَوْصُولٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ مَوْقُوفًا فَهُوَ شَاهِدٌ لِصِحَّةِ رِوَايَةِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ وَقَدْ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , say that the angels of the night and the angels of the day gather at the Fajr prayer. Then Abu Hurayrah said, "Read if you wish: 'And recite the Qur'an at Fajr. Verily, the recitation of Fajr is witnessed.'" This is mentioned in Sahihain from the Hadith of Abu Al-Yaman.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَجْتَمِعُ مَلَائِكَةُ اللَّيْلِ وَمَلَائِكَةُ النَّهَارِ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ اقْرَءُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ {وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُودًا} [الإسراء 78] مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَبِي الْيَمَانِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said:Whoever prays ʿIshaʿ in congregation, it will be like spending half the night in prayer (qiyam) and whoever prays ʿIshaʿ and Fajr in congregation, it will be like spending the whole night in prayer.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 491)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ كَانَ كَقِيَامِ نِصْفِ لَيْلَةٍ وَمَنْ صَلَّى الْفَجْرَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ كَانَ كَقِيَامِ لَيْلَةٍ أُخْرَى  

[Machine] "About the Prophet ﷺ , he said: Whoever prays Fajr (the dawn prayer) is under the protection of Allah the Almighty. So, beware O son of Adam, that Allah does not ask you about anything from His protection."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ فَهُوَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللهِ ﷻ فَانْظُرْ يَا ابْنَ آدَمَ لَا يَطْلُبَنَّكَ اللهُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever performs the morning prayer, he is under the protection of Allah, so Allah does not ask you for anything from his protection. Indeed, whoever asks Him for something, He grants it to him and saves him from the fire of Hell."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ فَهُوَ فِي ذِمَّةِ اللهِ فَلَا يَطْلُبَنَّكُمُ اللهُ مِنْ ذِمَّتِهِ بِشَيْءٍ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَطْلُبُهُ بِشَيْءٍ يُدْرِكُهُ فَيَكُبَّهُ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ  

We were with the Prophet ﷺ on a full moon night. He looked at the moon and said, "You will certainly see your Lord as you see this moon, and there will be no trouble in seeing Him. So if you can avoid missing (through sleep, business, etc.) a prayer before the rising of the sun (Fajr) and before its setting (ʿAsr) you must do so. He (the Prophet ﷺ ) then recited the following verse: And celebrate the praises Of Your Lord before The rising of the sun And before (its) setting." (50.39) (Using translation from Bukhārī 573)   

قَالَ لِي جَرِيرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ كُنَّا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْقَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ رَبَّكُمْ كَمَا تَرَوْنَ هَذَا لَا تُضَامُونَ وَلَا تُضَاهُونَ فِي رَؤْيَتِهِ وَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتُمْ أَنْ لَا تُغْلَبُوا عَلَى صَلَاةٍ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا فَافْعَلُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ {فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ الْغُرُوبِ}  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The angels take turns among you, with angels present during the day and angels present during the night. They gather during the Fajr prayer and the Asr prayer. Then those who stayed with you ascend to their Lord, and He asks them, although He knows best about them, 'How did you leave My servants?' They reply, 'We left them while they were praying and we came to them while they were praying.'"

Then Abu al-Hasan al-Alawi told us, Abu Hamed Ahmed ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan Al-Hafiz told us, Muhammad ibn Aqil told us, Hafs ibn Abdullah told us, Ibrahim ibn Tahman told us, Musa ibn Uqbah informed me, Abu al-Zinad informed me, from al-Araj, from Abu Hurairah, that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, and he mentioned the same thing.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَتَعَاقَبُونَ فِيكُمْ مَلَائِكَةٌ بِاللَّيْلِ وَمَلَائِكَةٌ بِالنَّهَارِ يَجْتَمِعُونَ فِي صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ يَعْرُجُ الَّذِينَ بَاتُوا فِيكُمْ فَيَسْأَلُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِمْ كَيْفَ تَرَكْتُمْ عِبَادِي قَالُوا تَرَكْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ وَأَتَيْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ 2183 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْعَلَوِيُّ أنا أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَقِيلٍ ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ حَدَّثَنِي إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الزِّنَادِ عَنِ الْأَعْرَجِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ  

He who observed two prayers at two cool (hours) would enter Paradise. (Using translation from Muslim 635a)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ صَلَّى الْبَرْدَيْنِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever prays the two Adhans (call to prayer) will enter Paradise."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى الْبَرْدَيْنِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever prays the Burdayn (Fajr and 'Asr prayers) enters Paradise." Abu Shuayb said, "Some of the grammarians say it is the morning and evening." Abu Bakr said, "This is said to be Abu Bakr ibn 'Umarah ibn Ruwaybah." The sheikh said, "The one who... [translation incomplete]  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى الْبَرْدَيْنِ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ أَبُو شُعَيْبٍ قَالَ بَعْضُ النَّحْوِيِّينَ غُدْوَةً وَعَشِيًّا قَالَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ هَذَا يُقَالُ إِنَّهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ رُوَيْبَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الَّذِي  

He who said prayer before the rising of the sun and its setting would not enter the fire (of Hell), and there was a man from Basra (sitting) beside him who said: Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah (way peace be upon him)? He said: Yes, I bear witness to it. The man from Basra said: I bear witness that I did hear from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying it from the place that you heard from him. (Using translation from Muslim 634b)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَلِجِ النَّارَ مَنْ صَلَّى قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا وَعِنْدَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَشْهَدُ بِهِ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ الرَّجُلُ وَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ بِالْمَكَانِ الَّذِي سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught me, among other things, that he said: "Preserve the five daily prayers." I said, "These are hours during which I am occupied, so give me a comprehensive order that I may fulfill it." He said, "Preserve the two prayers of Al-Asr (the afternoon) and Al-Isha (the night)." I asked, "What are Al-Asr and Al-Isha?" He said, "It is the prayer before the rising of the sun and the prayer before its setting." This narration is mentioned by Al-Qattan. The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said as if he intended, and Allah knows best, to preserve them at the start of their times and excused him for the excessive work that led to delaying them from their initial times. So he ordered him to observe these two prayers by performing them at the beginning of their times, with the help of Allah.  

عَلَّمَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ فِيمَا عَلَّمَنِي أَنْ قَالَ حَافِظْ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ قُلْتُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ سَاعَاتٌ لِي فِيهَا أَشْغَالٌ فَمُرْنِي بِأَمْرٍ جَامِعٍ إِذَا أَنَا فَعَلْتُهُ أَجْزَأَ عَنِّي قَالَ حَافِظْ عَلَى الْعَصْرَيْنِ وَمَا كَانَتْ مِنْ لُغَتِنَا قُلْتُ وَمَا الْعَصْرَانِ؟ قَالَ صَلَاةٌ قَبْلَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ وَصَلَاةٌ قَبْلَ غُرُوبِهَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْقَطَّانِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَكَأَنَّهُ أَرَادَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ حَافِظْ عَلَيْهِنَّ فِي أَوَائِلِ أَوْقَاتِهِنَّ فَاعْتَذَرَ بَالْأَشْغَالِ الْمُفْضِيَةِ إِلَى تَأْخِيرِهَا عَنْ أَوَائِلِ أَوْقَاتِهِنَّ فَأَمَرَهُ بِالْمُحَافَظَةِ عَلَى هَاتَيْنِ الصَّلَاتَيْنِ بِتَعْجِيلِهِمَا فِي أَوَائِلِ وَقْتَيْهِمَا وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

While the people were offering the Fajr prayer at Quba' (near Medina), someone came to them and said: "It has been revealed to Messenger of Allah ﷺ tonight, and he has been ordered to pray facing the Kaʿba." So turn your faces to the Kaʿba. Those people were facing Sham (Jerusalem) so they turned their faces towards Kaʿba (at Mecca). (Using translation from Bukhārī 403)   

بَيْنَمَا النَّاسُ بِقُبَاءَ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ إِذْ أَتَاهُمْ آتٍ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلَةَ قُرْآنٌ وَقَدْ أُمِرَ أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَ الْكَعْبَةَ فَاسْتَقْبِلُوهَا وَكَانَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَاسْتَدَارُوا إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina and prayed towards the direction of Bayt al-Maqdis (Jerusalem) for sixteen or seventeen months. The Prophet ﷺ preferred to face the Kaaba, so Allah revealed the verse: "We have certainly seen the turning of your face, [O Muhammad], toward the heaven, and We will surely turn you to a qiblah with which you will be pleased. So turn your face toward al-Masjid al-Haram..." (Quran 2:144)

So, a man who was praying with the Prophet ﷺ among a group of Ansar (Medinan Muslims) who were praying in the direction of Bayt al-Maqdis, said: "I testify that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has been directed towards the Kaaba." So they turned towards the Kaaba. The foolish among the people, who were the Jews, said: "What has turned them away from their qiblah which they used to face?" (Quran 2:142)

Allah then said: "The east and the west belong to Allah. He guides whom He wills to a straight path." (Quran 2:142)  

قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ فَصَلَّى نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا أَوْ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُوَجَّهَ نَحْوَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ} [البقرة 144] الْآيَةُ فَمَرَّ رَجُلٌ كَانَ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُصَلُّونَ وَهُمْ رُكُوعٌ نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ وُجِّهَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ فَتَحَرَّفُوا نَحْوَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ السُّفَهَاءُ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَهُمُ الْيَهُودُ {مَا وَلَّاهُمْ عَنْ قِبْلَتِهِمُ الَّتِي كَانُوا عَلَيْهَا} [البقرة 142] قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {قُلْ لِلَّهِ الْمَشْرِقُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ يَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ إِلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ} [البقرة 142]  

The Prophet ﷺ prayed facing Bait-ulMaqdis (i.e. Jerusalem) for sixteen or seventeen months but he wished that his Qibla would be the Kaʿba (at Mecca). (So Allah Revealed (2.144) and he offered ʿAsr prayers(in his Mosque facing Kaʿba at Mecca) and some people prayed with him. A man from among those who had prayed with him, went out and passed by some people offering prayer in another mosque, and they were in the state of bowing. He said, "I, (swearing by Allah,) testify that I have prayed with the Prophet ﷺ facing Mecca." Hearing that, they turned their faces to the Kaʿba while they were still bowing. Some men had died before the Qibla was changed towards the Kaʿba. They had been killed and we did not know what to say about them (i.e. whether their prayers towards Jerusalem were accepted or not). So Allah revealed:-- "And Allah would never make your faith (i.e. prayer) to be lost (i.e. your prayers offered (towards Jerusalem). Truly Allah is Full of Pity, Most Merciful towards mankind." (2.143) (Using translation from Bukhārī 4486)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى قِبَلَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا أَوْ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا وَكَانَ يُعْجِبُهُ أَنْ تَكُونَ قِبْلَتُهُ قِبَلَ الْبَيْتِ وَأَنَّهُ صَلَّى صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ وَصَلَّى مَعَهُ قَوْمٌ فَخَرَجَ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ صَلَّى مَعَهُ فَمَرَّ عَلَى أَهْلِ مَسْجِدٍ وَهُمْ رَاكِعُونَ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ بِاللهِ لَقَدْ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قِبَلَ مَكَّةَ فَدَارُوا كَمَا هُمْ قِبَلَ الْبَيْتِ  

[Machine] That they turn to the Kaaba and men were killed, so we did not know what to say about them. Then Allah revealed {And Allah would not let your faith be lost. Indeed Allah is Kind and Merciful to the people}. It was narrated by Al-Bukhari from Abu Nuaim.  

أَنْ تُحَوَّلَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ وَرِجَالٌ قُتِلُوا فَلَمْ نَدْرِ مَا نَقُولُ فِيهِمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَمَا كَانَ اللهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ إِنَّ اللهَ بِالنَّاسِ لَرَءُوفٌ رَحِيمٌ} رَوَاهُمَا الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to pray towards the direction of Masjid al-Aqsa and the Kaaba, with both of them in front of him. After moving to Medina, he continued to pray in this direction for sixteen months, then Allah Almighty changed the direction towards the Kaaba.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يُصَلِّي نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَالْكَعْبَةُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَبَعْدَ مَا تَحَوَّلَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا ثُمَّ صَرَفَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ  

[Machine] I heard Saad say that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed after he arrived in Medina for about sixteen months towards the direction of Beit Al-Maqdis (Jerusalem). Then after that, the direction was changed towards the Sacred Mosque (in Mecca) two months before the Battle of Badr, like this.  

سَمِعْتُ سَعْدًا يَقُولُ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ مَا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ ثُمَّ حُوِّلَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قِبَلَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ قَبْلَ بَدْرٍ بِشَهْرَيْنِ هَكَذَا  

[Machine] From Ali: "Turn your face towards the Kaaba" [Al-Baqarah 144]. He said: "Turn yourself towards it." And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us that Abdul Rahman bin Al-Hasan Al-Qadi narrated to us, who narrated to us Ibrahim bin Al-Hussein, who narrated to us Adam, who was informed by Warqa' from Ibn Abi Najih from Mujahid regarding his saying "Turn yourself towards it," meaning towards the Kaaba. And Ali bin Abi Talha mentioned it from Ibn Abbas, who was informed by Abu Zakariya bin Abi Ishaq, who narrated to us Abu Al-Hasan Al-Tarayfi, who narrated to us Uthman Al-Darimi, who narrated to us Abdullah bin Salih, who narrated to us Muawiyah bin Salih, who narrated to us Ali bin Abi Talha from Ibn Abbas with the same meaning.  

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ {فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ} [البقرة 144] قَالَ شَطْرَهُ قِبَلَهُ 2196 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا آدَمُ أنبأ وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ شَطْرَهُ يَعْنِي نَحْوَهُ 2197 وَكَذَلِكَ ذَكَرَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الطَّرَائِفِيُّ ثنا عُثْمَانُ الدَّارِمِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِذَلِكَ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever prays like us and faces our Qibla and eats our slaughtered animals is a Muslim and is under Allah's and His Apostle's protection. So do not betray Allah by betraying those who are in His protection." (Using translation from Bukhārī 391)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى صَلَاتَنَا وَاسْتَقْبَلَ قِبْلَتَنَا وَأَكَلَ ذَبِيحَتَنَا فَذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُ لَهُ ذِمَّةُ اللهِ وَذِمَّةُ رَسُولِهِ فَلَا تُخْفِرُوا اللهَ فِي ذِمَّتِهِ  

The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "I have been commanded to fight the idolators until they bear witness to La ilaha illallah (there is none worthy of worship except Allah) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah [SAW]. If they bear witness to La ilaha illallah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah [SAW], and they face our Qiblah, eat our slaughtered animals, and pray as we do, then their blood and wealth become forbidden except for a right that is due, and they will have the same rights and obligations as the Muslims." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3967)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ أُقَاتِلَ النَّاسَ حَتَّى يَشْهَدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ فَإِنْ شَهِدُوا أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَصَلُّوا صَلَاتَنَا وَاسْتَقْبَلُوا قِبْلَتَنَا وَأَكَلُوا ذَبِيحَتَنَا حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْنَا دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَأَمْوَالُهُمْ إِلَّا بِحَقِّهَا وَحِسَابُهُمْ عَلَى اللهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to pray on his riding animal wherever it turned. Abdullah bin Dinari said, "Ibn Umar used to do the same, following the narration of Yahya bin Yahya. In another narration by Ash-Shafi'i, he said, 'The Prophet ﷺ used to pray on his riding animal during travel, wherever it turned, but it is not mentioned what came after that.'"  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ حَيْثُمَا تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ دِينَارٍ كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الشَّافِعِيِّ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فِي السَّفَرِ حَيْثُمَا تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ مَا بَعْدَهُ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to do this and then recited this verse, "To Allah belongs the east and the west. So wherever you turn, there is the face of Allah. Indeed, Allah is all-encompassing and knowing." [Al-Baqarah 2:115] Then he said, "This verse was revealed regarding this."  

وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَلِلَّهِ الْمَشْرِقُ وَالْمَغْرِبُ فَأَيْنَمَا تُوَلُّوا فَثَمَّ وَجْهُ اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ وَاسِعٌ عَلِيمٌ} [البقرة 115] ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي هَذَا أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ  

" So whether you turn thither is Allah's face" (ii. 115). (Using translation from Muslim 700c)   

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ مُقْبِلٌ مِنْ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ حَيْثُ كَانَ وَجْهُهُ قَالَ وَفِيهِ نَزَلَتْ {فَأَيْنَمَا تُوَلُّوا فَثَمَّ وَجْهُ اللهِ} [البقرة 115]  

[Machine] I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ praying on his riding animal during the Battle of Anmar, facing the direction of the East, voluntarily.  

رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ أَنْمَارٍ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ مُتَوَجِّهًا قِبَلَ الْمَشْرِقِ تَطَوُّعًا  

[Machine] To pray voluntarily while driving the camels wherever they go, and if he comes across a prostration, he recites it and prostrates.  

أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ تَطَوُّعًا وَهُوَ يَسُوقُ الْإِبِلَ أَيْنَمَا تَوَجَّهَتْ وَإِنْ أَتَى عَلَى سَجْدَةٍ قَرَأَهَا وَسَجَدَ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , used to pray his voluntary prayers wherever his camel turned.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُصَلِّي سُبْحَتَهُ حَيْثُمَا تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ نَاقَتُهُ  

[Machine] It was narrated that he said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ praying on a donkey, facing towards Khaybar."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَهُوَ مُوَجَّهٌ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ  

[Machine] So, I saw him praying towards a donkey, and his face was turned in this direction, meaning to the left of the Qibla (the direction of prayer). So I said to him, "I saw you praying in a direction other than the Qibla." He replied, "If I hadn't seen the Messenger of Allah ﷺ doing it, I wouldn't have done it." And in a narration from 'Affan, his face was in that direction, and Humam leaned to the left of the Qibla and said at the end, "I did it, meaning the voluntary prayer."  

فَرَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَوَجْهُهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْجَانِبِ يَعْنِي عَنْ يَسَارِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ رَأَيْتُكَ تُصَلِّي لِغَيْرِ الْقِبْلَةِ فَقَالَ لَوْلَا أَنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَفْعَلُهُ مَا فَعَلْتُهُ وَفِي حَدِيثِ عَفَّانَ وَوَجْهُهُ ذَلِكَ الْجَانِبَ وَأَوْمَى هَمَّامٌ عَنْ يَسَارِ الْقِبْلَةِ وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُ يَعْنِي التَّطَوُّعَ  

When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was on a journey and wished to say voluntary prayer, he made his she-camel face the qiblah and uttered the takbir (Allah is most great), then prayed in whatever direction his mount made his face. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1225)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا سَافَرَ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَتَطَوَّعَ بِالصَّلَاةِ اسْتَقْبَلَ بِنَاقَتِهِ الْقِبْلَةَ فَكَبَّرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّى حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَتْ بِهِ النَّاقَةُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to engage in dhikr (remembrance of Allah) while riding his camel, regardless of whether his face was facing the Qibla or not. Abdullah bin Umar used to do the same.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُسَبِّحُ وَهُوَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ رَاحِلَتِهِ لَا يُبَالِي حَيْثُ كَانَ وَجْهُهُ وَيَوْمِي بِرَأْسِهِ إِيمَاءً وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] He heard Jabir ibn Abdullah al-Ansari say: "I saw the Prophet ﷺ praying while riding his mount, performing voluntary prayers in every direction. However, he would shorten the two prostrations of each unit (rak'ah) and gesture during my daily prayers."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ يَقُولُ رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ النَّوَافِلَ مِنْ كُلِّ جِهَةٍ وَلَكِنَّهُ يَخْفِضُ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ مِنَ الرَّكْعَةِ وَيَوْمِي إِيمَاءً  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent me for a need, so I came to him while he was praying on his riding animal towards the east. The prostration is lower than the bowing, so I greeted him, but he did not respond to me. When he finished, he said, "I was praying."  

بَعَثَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِحَاجَةٍ فَجِئْتُ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ نَحْوَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالسُّجُودُ أَخْفَضُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيَّ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي  

[Machine] Ibn Umar asked, "Do you not have a good example in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" I said, "Yes." He then said, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray Witr on his camel."  

ابْنُ عُمَرَ أَلَيْسَ لَكَ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ؟ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُوتِرُ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ