1. Purification
١۔ كِتَابُ الطَّهَارَة
I had a sexual dream on a cold night in the battle of Dhat as-Salasil. I was afraid, if I washed I would die. I, therefore, performed tayammum and led my companions in the dawn prayer. They mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: Amr, you led your companions is prayer while you were sexually defiled? I informed him of the cause which impeded me from washing. And I said: I heard Allah say: "Do not kill yourself, verily Allah is merciful to you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ laughed and did not say anything. Abu Dawud said: 'Abd al-Rahman b. Jubair is an Egyptian and a freed slave of Kharijah b. Hudhafah. He is not Jubair b. Nufair (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 334)
احْتَلَمْتُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ بَارِدَةٍ فِي غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ فَأَشْفَقْتُ إِنِ اغْتَسَلَتُ أَنْ أَهْلِكَ فَتَيَمَّمْتُ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ بِأَصْحَابِيَ الصُّبْحَ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا عَمْرُو صَلَّيْتَ بِأَصْحَابِكَ وَأَنْتَ جُنُبٌ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِالَّذِي مَنَعَنِي مِنَ الِاغْتِسَالِ وَقُلْتُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقُولُ {وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا} [النساء 29] فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا وَرَوَاهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ فَخَالَفَهُ فِي الْإِسْنَادِ وَالْمَتْنِ جَمِيعًا
[Machine] "By God, I had a dream yesterday, and by God, I have never seen cold like this. Has anything like it ever happened to you?" They replied, "No." So he washed his private parts and performed ablution for prayer, and then prayed with them. When he arrived before the Messenger of Allah, may ﷺ , he asked, "How did you find 'Umar and his companions?" They praised him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, he led us in prayer while he was in a state of major impurity." So the Messenger of Allah, may ﷺ , sent for 'Amr and asked him, and he informed him about it and told him about the extreme cold. He said, "O Messenger of Allah, Allah, the Exalted, says in the Qur'an: 'And do not kill yourselves' (4:29). Had I washed myself, I would have died!" The Messenger of Allah, may ﷺ , laughed at 'Amr's statement. Abu Dawud reported this hadith in his Sunan, and he also narrated this story from Al-Awza'i through Hassaan bin 'Atiyah, who said: 'He performed dry ablution.' The Sheikh said: It is possible that he had done what was reported in both narrations, as he washed what he was able to wash and performed dry ablution for the rest."
وَاللهِ لَقَدِ احْتَلَمْتُ الْبَارِحَةَ وَلَكِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ بَرْدًا مِثْلَ هَذَا هَلْ مَرَّ عَلَى وُجُوهِكُمْ مِثْلُهُ قَالُوا لَا فَغَسَلَ مَغَابِنَهُ وَتَوَضَّأَ وُضُوءَهُ لِلصَّلَاةِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى بِهِمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَيْفَ وَجَدْتُمْ عَمْرًا وَصَحَابَتَهُ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِ خَيْرًا وَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى بِنَا وَهُو جُنُبٌ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى عَمْرٍو فَسَأَلَهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِذَلِكَ وَبِالَّذِي لَقِيَ مِنَ الْبَرْدِ وَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ {وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ} [النساء 29] وَلَوِ اغْتَسَلَتُ مِتُّ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى عَمْرٍو أَخْرَجَهُمَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي السُّنَنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَرَوَى هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةَ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ حَسَّانَ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ قَالَ فِيهِ فَتَيَمَّمَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ قَدْ فَعَلَ مَا نُقِلَ فِي الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ جَمِيعًا غَسَلَ مَا قَدَرَ عَلَى غَسْلِهِ وَتَيَمَّمَ لِلْبَاقِي
[Machine] Abu Musa, O Abu Abdulrahman, the man refrains from it because he cannot find water, should he pray? He said no. He said, "Have you not heard the saying of Ammar to Umar?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me and you, and I was in a state of major impurity (janabah), so I performed ghusl and then I searched for water. We came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him, so he said, "It is enough for you to do what you did (i.e. perform ghusl), and then wipe your face and hands once." He said, "I did not see Umar satisfied with that, so he said, 'What do you do with this verse?' If you do not find water, then perform dry ablution with clean earth." He said, "If we had allowed them to do this, some of them would have preferred wiping with clean earth when cold water is available." Al-A'mash said, "So I said to my brother, what else could have caused him (Umar) to dislike it except for this?" This is the version recorded in Sahihain (Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim) and narrated by Hafs ibn Ghayath from Al-A'mash, who said in the narration, "Abdullah did not know what to say, so he said, 'If we had allowed them to do this, it is almost certain that when the water is cold, one of them would desert it and perform dry ablution instead.'" So I said to my brother, "Indeed, Abdullah disliked it for this reason." He said, "Yes."
أَبُو مُوسَى يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّجُلُ يُجْنِبُ فَلَا يَجِدِ الْمَاءَ أَيُصَلِّي قَالَ لَا فَقَالَ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْ قَوْلَ عَمَّارٍ لِعُمَرَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَا وَأَنْتَ فَأَجْنَبْتُ فَتَمَعَّكْتُ بِالصَّعِيدِ فَأَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَنَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا يَكْفِيكَ هَكَذَا وَمَسَحَ وَجْهَهُ وَكَفَّيْهِ مَسْحَةً وَاحِدَةً قَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَرَ عُمَرَ قَنَعَ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُونَ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَوْ رَخَّصْنَا لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا كَانَ أَحَدُهُمْ إِذَا وَجَدَ الْمَاءَ الْبَارِدَ تَمَسَّحَ بِالصَّعِيدِ قَالَ الْأَعْمَشُ فَقُلْتُ لِشَقِيقٍ فَمَا كَرِهَهُ إِلَّا لِهَذَا مُخَرَّجٌ فِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ وَرَوَاهُ حَفْصُ بْنُ غِيَاثٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ قَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ فَمَا دَرَى عَبْدُ اللهِ مَا يَقُولُ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَوْ رَخَّصْنَا لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا لَأوْشَكَ إِذَا بَرَدَ عَلَى أَحَدِهِمُ الْمَاءُ أَنْ يَدَعَهُ وَيَتَيَمَّمَ فَقُلْتُ لِشَقِيقٍ فَإِنَّمَا كَرِهَ عَبْدُ اللهِ لِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ