[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: "When the two guardians marry, the first one has more right. And when the two buyers dispute, the first one has more right." This difference was narrated by Ibn Abi 'Aroobah in the chain of this hadith, and it was followed by Aban Al-Attar from Qatadah in his statement about 'Uqbah bin 'Amir, and the correct narration is the one transmitted by who...  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَنْكَحَ الْوَلِيَّانِ فَالْأَوَّلُ أَحَقُّ وَإِذَا بَاعَ الْمُجِيزَانِ فَالْأَوَّلُ أَحَقُّ هَذَا الِاخْتِلَافُ وَقَعَ مِنَ ابْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ فِي إِسْنَادِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَقَدْ تَابَعَهُ أَبَانُ الْعَطَّارُ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَالصَّحِيحُ رِوَايَةُ مَنْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whatever woman is married by two guardians, she belongs to the first one. And whatever two men make a transaction, it belongs to the first one of them." This is the wording of the hadith of Hisham, and the narration of the others conveys the same meaning.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَيُّمَا امْرَأَةٍ زَوَّجَهَا وَلِيَّانِ فَهِيَ لِلْأَوَّلِ وَأَيُّمَا رَجُلَيْنِ ابْتَاعَا بَيْعًا فَهُوَ لِلْأَوَّلِ مِنْهُمَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ وَرِوَايَةُ الْبَاقِينَ بِمَعْنَاهُ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] "From the Prophet, ﷺ , he said: When the two qualified individuals marry, the first has more right."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَنْكَحَ الْمُجِيزَانِ فَالْأَوَّلُ أَحَقُّ  

[Machine] That he should not approach her until her waiting period is over.  

أَنْ لَا يَقْرَبَهَا حَتَّى تَنْقَضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا  

ʿUrwa bin Az-Zubair said that he asked ʿAisha about the meaning of the Qur'anic Verse:-- "And if you fear that you will not deal fairly with the orphan girls then marry (other) women of your choice." (4.2-3) Aisha said, "It is about a female orphan under the guardianship of her guardian who is inclined towards her because of her beauty and wealth, and likes to marry her with a Mahr less than what is given to women of her standard. So they (i.e. guardians) were forbidden to marry the orphans unless they paid them a full appropriate Mahr (otherwise) they were ordered to marry other women instead of them. Later on the people asked Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it. So Allah revealed the following Verse:-- "They ask your instruction (O Muhammad!) regarding women. Say: Allah instructs you regarding them..." (4.127) and in this Verse Allah indicated that if the orphan girl was beautiful and wealthy, her guardian would have the desire to marry her without giving her an appropriate Mahr equal to what her peers could get, but if she was undesirable for lack of beauty or wealth, then he would not marry her, but seek to marry some other woman instead of her. So, since he did not marry her when he had no inclination towards her, he had not the right to marry her when he had an interest in her, unless he treated her justly by giving her a full Mahr and securing all her rights. (Using translation from Bukhārī 2763)   

{وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تَعْدِلُوا فَوَاحِدَةً أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [النساء 3] قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حِجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا فَيَرْغَبُ فِي جَمَالِهَا أَوْ مَالِهَا وَيُرِيدُ أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِأَدْنَى مِنْ سُنَّةِ نِسَائِهَا فَنُهُوا عَنْ نِكَاحِهِنَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ فِي إِكْمَالِ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا بِنِكَاحِ مَنْ سِوَاهُنَّ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ ثُمَّ اسْتَفْتَى النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ} [النساء 127] قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ بَيَّنَ اللهُ تَعَالَى لَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ أَنَّ الْيَتِيمَةَ إِذَا كَانَتْ ذَاتَ جَمَالٍ وَمَالٍ رَغِبُوا فِي نِكَاحِهَا وَلَمْ يَلْحَقُوا بِسُنَّةِ نِسَائِهَا فِي إِكْمَالِ الصَّدَاقِ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ مَرْغُوبًا عَنْهَا فِي قِلَّةِ الْمَالِ تَرَكُوهَا وَالْتَمَسُوا غَيْرَهَا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ فَكَمَا تَرَكُوهَا حِينَ يَرْغَبُونَ عَنْهَا فَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهَا إِذَا رَغِبُوا فِيهَا إِلَّا أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهَا وَيُعْطُوهَا حَقَّهَا الْأَوْفَى مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ  

Ibn Shihab said “’Urwah bin Al Zubair asked A’ishah , wife of the Prophet ﷺ about the Qur’anic verse “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you.” She said “O my nephew, this means the female orphan who is under the protection of her guardian and she holds a share in his property and her property and beauty attracts him; so her guardian intends to marry her without doing justice to her in respect of her dower and he gives her the same amount of dower as others give her. They (i.e., the guardians) were prohibited to marry them except that they do justice to them and pay them their maximum customary dower and they were asked to marry women other than them (i.e., the orphans) who seem good to them. ‘Urwah reported that A’ishah said “The people then consulted the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ about women after revelation of this verse. Thereupon Allaah the Exalted sent down the verse “They consult thee concerning women. Say Allaah giveth you decree concerning them and the scripture which hath been recited unto you(giveth decree) concerning female orphans unto whom you give not that which is ordained for them though you desire to marry them. “ She said “The mention made by Allaah about the Scripture recited to them refers to the former verse in which Allaah has said “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you.” A’ishah said “The pronouncement of Allaah , the Exalted in the latter verse “though you desire to marry them” means the disinterest of one of you in marrying a female orphan who was under his protection, but she said little property and beauty. So they were prohibited to marry them for their interest in the property and beauty of the female orphans due to their disinterest in themselves except that they do justice )to them). The narrator Yunus said “Rabi’ah said explain the Qur’anic verse “And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans” means “Leave them if you fear (that you will not do justice to them), for I have made four women lawful for you.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2068)   

زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ} [النساء 3] قَالَتْ يَا ابْنَ أُخْتِي هَذِهِ الْيَتِيمَةُ تَكُونُ فِي حِجْرِ وَلِيِّهَا تُشَارِكُهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيُعْجِبُهُ مَالُهَا وَجَمَالُهَا فَيُرِيدُ وَلِيُّهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا بِغَيْرِ أَنْ يُقْسِطَ فِي صَدَاقِهَا فَيُعْطِيَهَا مِثْلَ مَا يُعْطِيهَا غَيْرُهُ فَنُهُوا عَنْ أَنْ يَنْكِحُوهُنَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُقْسِطُوا لَهُنَّ وَيُبَلِّغُوهُنَّ أَعْلَى سِنَّهُنَّ مِنَ الصَّدَاقِ وَأُمِرُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَهُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ سِوَاهُنَّ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ اسْتَفْتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فِيهِنَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتْلَى عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ فِي يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا تُؤْتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ} [النساء 127] قَالَ وَالَّذِي ذُكِرَ أَنَّهُ يُتْلَى عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْكِتَابِ الْآيَةُ الْأُولَى الَّتِي قَالَ فِيهَا {وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ} [النساء 3] قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ فِي الْآيَةِ الْأُخْرَى {وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ} [النساء 127] رَغْبَةَ أَحَدِكُمْ عَنْ يَتِيمَتِهِ الَّتِي تَكُونُ فِي حِجْرِهِ حِينَ تَكُونُ قَلِيلَةَ الْمَالِ وَالْجَمَالِ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَنْكِحُوا مَا رَغِبُوا فِي مَالِهَا وَجَمَالِهَا مِنْ يَتَامَى النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا بِالْقِسْطِ مِنْ أَجْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ عَنْهُنَّ  

[Machine] "And Rabee'ah said regarding the saying of Allah ﷻ {And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls} [An-Nisa' 3], He [Rabee'ah] said: He [Allah] is saying to leave them if you fear, then you are allowed to marry four."  

وَقَالَ رَبِيعَةُ فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى} [النساء 3] قَالَ يَقُولُ اتْرُكُوهُنَّ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَقَدْ أَحْلَلْتُ لَكُمْ أَرْبَعًا  

[Machine] "Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed Abu Ahmad that he is Al-Naysaburi. Abu Al-Jahm Ahmad bin Al-Hussein Al-Qurashi narrated from Ahmad bin Abi Al-Hawari, who narrated from Abu Muawiyah, who narrated from Hisham, who narrated from his father, who narrated from Aisha, regarding the saying of Allah, "They ask you for a legal verdict concerning women. Say: Allah gives you a ruling about them" [Quran 4:127] until the end of the verse. She said that it is a story about an orphan girl who was in a man's house and she shared in his wealth. He desires not to marry her but also not to let anyone else marry her, so he keeps her confined. Allah forbade them from doing such a thing."  

عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ هُوَ الْحَافِظُ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا أَبُو الْجَهْمِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقُرَشِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحَوَارِي ثنا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ثنا هِشَامٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {يَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ} [النساء 127] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَتْ هِيَ الْيَتِيمَةُ فِي حِجْرِ الرَّجُلِ قَدْ شَرِكَتْهُ فِي مَالِهِ فَيَرْغَبُ عَنْهَا أَنْ يَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَيَرْغَبُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا فَيَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مَالِهَا فَيَحْبِسُهَا فَنَهَاهُمُ اللهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] There is no marriage except with four: a guardian, two witnesses, and a matchmaker. And he (the matchmaker) has a witness from Ibn Abbas with a broken chain of narration.  

لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِأَرْبَعَةٍ وَلِيٍّ وَشَاهِدَيْنِ وَخَاطِبٍ وَلَهُ شَاهِدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِإِسْنَادٍ مُنْقَطِعٍ  

[Machine] There is no marriage except with four requirements: a proposal, a guardian, two witnesses. This is an authentic narration except that Qatada did not hear from Ibn Abbas and it has been narrated from another source as weak from Ibn Abbas, with a raised (narration) and what is well-known is that it is attributed to the Prophet ﷺ from another source.  

لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِأَرْبَعٍ خَاطِبٍ وَوَلِيٍّ وَشَاهِدَيْنِ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ قَتَادَةَ لَمْ يُدْرِكِ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ضَعِيفٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَرْفُوعًا وَالْمَشْهُورُ عَنْهُ مَوْقُوفٌ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ  

[Machine] "There is no marriage without a guardian, a suitor, and two just witnesses. This was also narrated weakly from another perspective, from Abu Salamah, from Abu Hurayrah, narrated as a marfu' hadith, and from another perspective, weakly narrated from Hisham ibn 'Urwah, from his father, from Aisha, also narrated as a marfu' hadith."  

ﷺ قَالَ لَا نِكَاحَ إِلَّا بِوَلِيٍّ وَخَاطِبٍ وَشَاهِدَيْ عَدْلٍ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ضَعِيفٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ مَرْفُوعًا وَمِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ ضَعِيفٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ مَرْفُوعًا  

[Machine] "The marriage contract is compulsory, and Ibn Umar agreed to it for his young son. We have narrations about this from Urwah bin Zubair, Hasan, Sha'bi, and Nakhai. It is also narrated from Hasan with a weak chain of transmission from the Prophet ﷺ that when a man marries his son and the son dislikes it, then the marriage is invalid. But if he marries him and the son is young, then the marriage is permissible. It is also narrated from Ibn Umar that he said the dowry is upon the son whom you have married. It is also narrated from Ata that he said when a man marries his young son, the marriage is valid and there is no divorce for him. And according to Zuhri, divorce is not permissible for him, meaning for the insane person."  

أَوْجَبَ الْعَقْدَ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ قَبِلَهُ لِابْنِهِ الصَّغِيرِ وَرُوِّينَا فِي ذَلِكَ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَالْحَسَنِ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ بِإِسْنَادٍ ضَعِيفٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا إِذَا أَنْكَحَ الرَّجُلُ ابْنَهُ وَهُوَ كَارِهٌ فَلَا نِكَاحَ لَهُ وَإِذَا زَوَّجَهُ وَهُوَ صَغِيرٌ جَازَ نِكَاحُهُ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الصَّدَاقُ عَلَى الِابْنِ الَّذِي أَنْكَحْتُمُوهُ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا أَنْكَحَ الرَّجُلُ ابْنَهُ الصَّغِيرَ فَنِكَاحُهُ جَائِزٌ وَلَا طَلَاقَ لَهُ وَعَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ لَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ طَلَاقٌ يَعْنِي عَلَى الْمَجْنُونِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was approached by a woman who said, "Oh Messenger of Allah, I have given myself to you." So she stood up for a long time. Then a man stood up and said, "Oh Messenger of Allah, marry her to me if you have no need for her." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him, "Do you have something to give her as a mahr (bridal gift)?" He replied, "I have nothing except for my waist wrapper (izār)." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If you marry her, you will sit without a waist wrapper, so find something." He said, "I cannot find anything." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Find something, even if it is a ring made of iron." He searched but did not find anything. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him, "Do you have anything from the Qur'an?" He replied, "Yes, I have such and such surah and such and such for recitation." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, "I have married her to you with what you have from the Qur'an."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ جَاءَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي قَدْ وَهَبْتُ نَفْسِي لَكَ فَقَامَتْ قِيَامًا طَوِيلًا فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكَ بِهَا حَاجَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ تُصْدِقُهَا إِيَّاهُ؟ فَقَالَ مَا عِنْدِي إِلَّا إِزَارِي هَذَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّكَ إِنْ أَعْطَيْتَهَا إِزَارَكَ جَلَسْتَ لَا إِزَارَ لَكَ فَالْتَمِسْ شَيْئًا قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ شَيْئًا قَالَ فَالْتَمِسْ وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ فَالْتَمَسَ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَلْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ سُورَةُ كَذَا وَسُورَةُ كَذَا لِسُوَرٍ سَمَّاهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

[Machine] "I was with the people in the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he mentioned this story but did not mention the izār. So a man stood up and said, 'Marry her to me.' And he said at the end, 'I have married her to you with what you have of the Qur'an.' They reported it in the Sahih from the narration of Sufyan bin Uyaynah."  

كُنْتُ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْإِزَارَ قَالَ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ أَنْكِحْنِيهَا وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ فَقَالَ قَدْ أَنْكَحْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ  

[Machine] Sa'd ibn Sa'd heard Sahla narrate that she was with the Prophet ﷺ when a woman stood up and mentioned something. Then, a man from the people stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, marry her to me." In the end, the Prophet ﷺ told him to go, as he had already married her according to what he had of the Qur'an with him.  

سَمِعَ سَهْلَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ يَقُولُ كُنْتُ فِي الْقَوْمِ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَامَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَقَالَ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا عَلَى مَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

[Machine] "A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned a matter to him. At that, a man from the Prophet's companions stood up and said, 'O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, if you have no need for her, then marry her to me.' And he said towards the end, 'So go, for I have given her to you with what you have of the Quran with you.'"  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً جَاءَتْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَيْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكَ بِهَا حَاجَةٌ فَزَوِّجْنِيهَا وَقَالَ فِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ قَدْ مُلِّكْتَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

[Machine] "And He said concerning it, 'Go, for I have given it to you through what you have from the Quran.'"  

وَقَالَ فِيهِ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ مَلَّكْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

[Machine] A woman came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Indeed, a woman has donated herself to Allah and His Messenger." He said, "I have no need for women today." A man from the weak Muslims said, "O Messenger of Allah, marry her to me." He said, "What do you have?" He said, "I have nothing." The Prophet said, "Give her a garment." He said, "I do not find one." He said, "Give her even a ring made of iron." He said, "I do not find one." He said, "Do you have anything from the Quran?" He said, "Yes, this and that." The Prophet said, "Then I have married her to you with what you have from the Quran." This hadith was narrated by Khalaf, and in the narration of Abu Ar-Rabi', it was said, "We have married her to you." This was narrated by Al-Bukhari from Ibn Abi Maryam from Abu Ghasan from Abu Hazim from Sahl. He said in the hadith, the Prophet ﷺ said, "I have married her to you with what you have from the Quran." The narration of Al-Hussain bin Muhammad from Abu Ghasan from Muhammad bin Matarif said in the hadith, "I have married her to you with what you have from the Quran." The majority have narrated it with the wording of marriage, except for the rare narration of Shadd. The group is more reliable in preserving than the individual. And Allah knows best. And some of our companions have used evidence in this from what we have narrated in the Book of Hajj, in the established hadith from Jafar bin Muhammad from his father from Jabir bin Abdullah from the Prophet ﷺ in the story of the Farewell Pilgrimage. He said, "Fear Allah in regards to women, for indeed you have taken them under the trust of Allah and you have made lawful their private parts with the word of Allah." Our companions said that the word of Allah refers to marriage and the act of marrying, which are mentioned in the Quran. And Allah knows best.  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً أَتَتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ امْرَأَةً وَهَبَتْ نَفْسَهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ مَا لِي فِي النِّسَاءِ حَاجَةٌ الْيَوْمَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ ضُعَفَاءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ زَوِّجْنِيهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ مَاذَا عِنْدَكَ؟ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ قَالَ أَعْطِهَا ثَوْبًا قَالَ مَا أَجِدُ قَالَ أَعْطِهَا وَلَوْ خَاتَمًا مِنْ حَدِيدٍ قَالَ مَا أَجِدُ قَالَ مَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ؟ قَالَ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ فَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا عِنْدَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ هَذَا حَدِيثُ خَلَفٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ فَقَدْ زَوَّجْنَاكَهَا وَرَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ قَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَمْلَكْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ وَرَوَاهُ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِي غَسَّانَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُطَرِّفٍ فَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ فَرِوَايَةُ الْجُمْهُورِ عَلَى لَفْظِ التَّزْوِيجِ إِلَّا رِوَايَةَ الشَّاذِّ مِنْهَا وَالْجَمَاعَةُ أَوْلَى بِالْحِفْظِ مِنَ الْوَاحِدِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَاسْتَدَلَّ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا فِي ذَلِكَ بِمَا رَوَيْنَا فِي كِتَابِ الْحَجِّ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي قِصَّةِ حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ قَالَ فَاتَّقُوا اللهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ فَإِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانَةِ اللهِ وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللهِ قَالَ أَصْحَابُنَا وَهِيَ كَلِمَةُ النِّكَاحِ وَالتَّزْوِيجِ اللَّذَيْنِ وَرَدَ بِهِمَا الْقُرْآنُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Mecca while he was riding a camel. I was with my father and I had a shiny pearl in my hand, like the brilliance of a written script. I heard the Bedouins and people saying "Al-Tabtabiya, Al-Tabtabiya", so my father approached him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took hold of his foot and approved him. He said, "I have not forgotten the length of his big toe compared to the rest of his toes." He said, "I witnessed the Battle of Uhud." She said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recognized that battle." Tariq bin Al-Muraqqi' said, "Who will give me a spear in return?" He said, "What is its reward?" He said, "I will marry him off to my first daughter who will be born to me." He said, "So I gave him my spear and then left it until he had a daughter and she reached adulthood. So I went to him and said, 'Prepare my family for me.' He said, 'By Allah, no! I will not prepare her until she marries someone else.' So I swore not to do so." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "With which of the two women did she find fault?" I said, "She saw the belt." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at me and said, "Leave her. There is no benefit for you in her." He said, "That frightened me, and he looked at me and said, 'You will not commit a sin, nor will she commit a sin.' And he mentioned the rest of the Hadith."  

رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ وَهُوَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ وَأَنَا مَعَ أَبِي وَبِيَدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ دِرَّةٌ كَدِرَّةِ الْكُتَّابِ فَسَمِعْتُ الْأَعْرَابَ وَالنَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ الطَّبْطَبِيَّةَ الطَّبْطَبِيَّةَ فَدَنَا مِنْهُ أَبِي فَأَخَذَ بِقَدَمِهِ وَأَقَرَّ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ فَمَا نَسِيتُ طُولَ أُصْبُعِ قَدَمِهِ السَّبَّابَةِ عَلَى سَائِرِ أَصَابِعِهِ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنِّي شَهِدْتُ جَيْشَ عَثْرَانَ قَالَتْ فَعَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشَ فَقَالَ طَارِقُ بْنُ الْمُرَقَّعِ مَنْ يُعْطِينِي رُمْحًا بِثَوَابِهِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا ثَوَابُهُ قَالَ أُزَوِّجُهُ أَوَّلَ ابْنَةٍ تَكُونُ لِي قَالَ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ رُمْحِي ثُمَّ تَرَكْتُهُ حَتَّى وُلِدَ لَهُ ابْنَةٌ وَبَلَغَتْ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ جَهِّزْ إِلِيَّ أَهْلِي قَالَ لَا وَاللهِ لَا أُجَهِّزُهَا حَتَّى تُحْدِثَ صَدَاقًا غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ فَحَلَفْتُ أَنْ لَا أَفْعَلَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَبِقَرْنِ أِيِّ النِّسَاءِ هِيَ؟ قُلْتُ قَدْ رَأَتِ الْقَتِيرَ قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلِيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ دَعْهَا لَا خَيْرَ لَكَ فِيهَا قَالَ فَرَاعَنِي ذَلِكَ وَنَظَرَ إِلِيَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَأْثَمُ وَلَا يَأْثَمُ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ  

Ibrahim bin Maisarah reported from his maternal aunt who reported on the authority of a woman called Mussaddaqah (a truthful woman). She said “In pre Islamic days, when my father participated in a battle the feet of the people burnt due to intense heat. Thereupon a man said “Who gives me his shoes, I shall marry him to my first daughter born to me. My father took off his shoes and there them before him. A girl was thereafter born to him and came of age.” The narrator then mentioned a similar story. But he did not mention that she had grown old. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2104)   

رَجُلٌ مَنْ يُعْطِينِي نَعْلَيْهِ وَأُنْكِحَهُ أَوَّلَ بِنْتٍ تُولَدُ لِي؟ فَخَلَعَ أَبِي نَعْلَيْهِ فَأَلْقَاهُمَا إِلَيْهِ فَوُلِدَتْ لَهُ جَارِيَةٌ فَبَلَغَتْ ذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ قِصَّةَ الْقَتِيرِ وَالْقَتِيرُ الشَّيْبُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught us the Sermon of Necessity: "Praise be to Allah, or indeed, all praise is due to Allah. We seek His help and ask for His forgiveness. We seek refuge in Allah from the evils of ourselves. Whoever Allah guides, no one can misguide him, and whoever Allah leads astray, there is no guide for him. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and messenger." Then you recite the three verses, "O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul and created from it its mate" [Quran 4:1], "O you who have believed, fear Allah as He should be feared" [Quran 3:102], until the end of the verse, then you recite, "O you who have believed, fear Allah and speak words of appropriate justice" [Quran 33:71], until the end of the verse. Then you speak about your need. Shu'bah said, "I said to Abu Ishaq, 'Is this for the sermon of marriage or for other sermons?' He said, 'For every sermon.'" And Abu Ubaydah narrated that he heard Abu al-Ahwas from Abdullah from the Prophet ﷺ that he used to say in the Tashahhud of the Sermon of Necessity, but he did not mention what Shu'bah said to Abu Ishaq.  

عَلَّمَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُطْبَةَ الْحَاجَةِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ أَوْ إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ لِلَّهِ نَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنْ شُرُورِ أَنْفُسِنَا مَنْ يَهْدِهِ اللهُ فَلَا مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللهُ فَلَا هَادِيَ لَهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ ثُمَّ تَقْرَأُ الثَّلَاثَ آيَاتٍ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا} [النساء 1] {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ} [آل عمران 102] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ تَقْرَأُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَقُولُوا قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا يُصْلِحْ لَكُمْ أَعْمَالَكُمْ} [الأحزاب 71] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ تَتَكَلَّمُ بِحَاجَتِكَ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي إِسْحَاقَ هَذِهِ فِي خُطْبَةِ النِّكَاحِ أَوْ فِي غَيْرِهَا؟ قَالَ فِي كُلِّ حَاجَةٍ 13827 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي بُكَيْرٍ ثنا شُعْبَةُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ أَبُو بِسْطَامٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ قَالَ وَأَرَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي تَشَهُّدِ الْحَاجَةِ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَ شُعْبَةَ لِأَبِي إِسْحَاقَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught us the sermon of necessity. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us that Abu Muhammad Al-Muzani informed us that Abu Ja'far Al-Hadrami informed us that Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Numair informed us that Waki' informed us that Israel mentioned it in a similar way except that he said, "O people, fear your Lord who created you from a single soul and created from it its mate and dispersed from both many men and women. And fear Allah through whom you ask one another, and the wombs. Indeed, Allah is ever, over you, an Observer." [Quran 4:1]. Then he mentioned the other two verses and did not say, "Then speak about your need." Al-Thawri narrated it from Abu Ishaq from Abu Ubaydah from Abdullah, stopped.  

عَلَّمَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُطْبَةَ الْحَاجَةِ 13828 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُزَنِيُّ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الْحَضْرَمِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ ثنا وَكِيعٌ ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً وَاتَّقُوا اللهَ الَّذِي تَسَاءَلُونَ بِهِ وَالْأَرْحَامَ إِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيبًا} [النساء 1] ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْآيَتَيْنِ الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ ثُمَّ تَتَكَلَّمُ بِحَاجَتِكَ وَرَوَاهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ مَوْقُوفًا  

[Machine] In the sermon of necessity, all praise is due to Allah whom we praise and seek help from. So, He mentioned something similar to it and did not elevate it.  

فِي خُطْبَةِ الْحَاجَةِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْهُ  

When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed, he would say: Praise be to Allah, from Whom we seek help and pardon,and we seek refuge in Allah from the evils of our souls. He whom Allah guide has no one who can lead him astray, and he whom He leads astray has no one to guide him. And I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and apostle. He sent him before the coming of the last hour with truth giving good tidings and warning. He who obeys Allah and His Apostle follows the right path; and he who disobeys them shall harm none except himself, and he will not harm Allah in the least. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1097)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا تَشَهَّدَ قَالَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَنَعُوذُ بِاللهِ مِنْ شُرُورِ أَنْفُسِنَا مَنْ يَهْدِ اللهُ فَلَا مُضِلَّ لَهُ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَلَا هَادِيَ لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَرْسَلَهُ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا بَيْنَ يَدَيِ السَّاعَةِ مَنْ يُطِعِ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ رَشَدَ وَمَنْ يَعْصِهِمَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَضُرُّ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ وَلَا يَضُرُّ اللهَ شَيْئًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught us the Tashahhud and the sermon as he taught us a Surah from the Quran. The greetings are for Allah, the prayers, and the good deeds. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. And the sermon: Praise be to Allah, we praise Him, seek His help and forgiveness. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. "Fear Allah, by whom you ask one another, and the wombs. Indeed, Allah is ever, over you, an Observer." (Quran 4:1) "O you who have believed, fear Allah and speak words of appropriate justice. He will [then] amend for you your deeds and forgive you your sins. And whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger has certainly attained a great attainment." (Quran 33:70-71)  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعَلِّمُنَا التَّشَهُّدَ وَالْخُطْبَةَ كَمَا يُعَلِّمُنَا السُّورَةَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ التَّحِيَّاتُ لِلَّهِ وَالصَّلَوَاتُ وَالطَّيِّبَاتُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَالْخُطْبَةُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ نَحْمَدُهُ وَنَسْتَعِينُهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ {اتَّقُوا اللهَ الَّذِي تَسَاءَلُونَ بِهِ وَالْأَرْحَامَ إِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ رَقِيبًا} [النساء 1] {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَقُولُوا قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا يُصْلِحْ لَكُمْ أَعْمَالَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ وَمَنْ يُطِعِ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَدْ فَازَ فَوْزًا عَظِيمًا} [الأحزاب 71]  

[Machine] "That we may praise our Lord and send blessings upon our Prophet, and we have married you according to what Allah has commanded, either by restraining oneself with kindness or by granting freedom with kindness."  

أَنْ يَنْكِحَ نَحْمَدُ رَبَّنَا وَنُصَلِّي عَلَى نَبِيِّنَا وَقَدْ أَنْكَحْنَاكَ عَلَى مَا أَمَرَ اللهُ بِهِ إِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ  

[Machine] "I marry you based on what Allah has commanded, either to hold on to (the marriage) with goodness, or to release with kindness."  

أُنْكِحُكَ عَلَى مَا أَمَرَ اللهُ بِهِ إِمْسَاكٌ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ تَسْرِيحٌ بِإِحْسَانٍ  

While we were sitting in the company of the Prophet ﷺ a woman came to him and presented herself (for marriage) to him. The Prophet ﷺ looked at her, lowering his eyes and raising them, but did not give a reply. One of his companions said, "Marry her to me O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" The Prophet ﷺ asked (him), "Have you got anything?" He said, "I have got nothing." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Not even an iron ring?" He Saʿd, "Not even an iron ring, but I will tear my garment into two halves and give her one half and keep the other half." The Prophet; said, "No. Do you know some of the Qur'an (by heart)?" He said, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Go, I have agreed to marry her to you with what you know of the Qur'an (as her Mahr)." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5132)   

كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَاءَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ تَعْرِضُ نَفْسَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَخَفَّضَ فِيهَا الْبَصَرَ وَرَفَعَهُ فَلَمْ يُرِدْهَا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ زَوِّجْنِيهَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ قَالَ وَلَا خَاتَمٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ؟ قَالَ وَلَا خَاتَمٌ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ وَلَكِنْ أَشُقُّ بُرْدَتِي هَذِهِ فَأُعْطِيهَا النِّصْفَ وَآخُذُ النِّصْفَ قَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ هَلْ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ شَيْءٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكَهَا بِمَا مَعَكَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ  

[Machine] I proposed to the Prophet ﷺ for the hand of Umamah, the daughter of Abdul-Muttalib, and he married me to her without making the marriage proposal formal. Ibn Salam narrated in his hadith that a man from the Banu Tamim tribe also proposed to the Prophet ﷺ for the hand of Umamah, and he said, "I married her without making the marriage proposal formal," meaning that the proposal was informal like this.  

خَطَبْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أُمَامَةَ بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَأَنْكَحَنِي مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَتَشَهَّدَ وَقَالَ ابْنُ سَلْمٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ أَنَّهُ خَطَبَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أُمَامَةَ بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ فَأَنْكَحَنِي مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يَتَشَهَّدَ يَعْنِي الْخُطْبَةَ هَكَذَا  

[Machine] I proposed to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ for his aunt to marry me, and he married us without witnessing (the marriage). Abu Bakr al-Farisi al-Mashshati informed us that Ibrahim ibn Abdullah al-Asbahani narrated to us that Abu Ahmad ibn Farris narrated to us that Al-Bukhari narrated to us that Muhammad ibn Uqbah al-Sadusi narrated to us that Hafs ibn Umar ibn Amir al-Salami narrated to us that Ibrahim ibn Isma'il mentioned it, and it has been said otherwise, and Allah knows best.  

عَنْ جَدِّهِ خَطَبْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَمَّتَهُ فَأَنْكَحَنِي وَلَمْ يَتَشَهَّدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْفَارِسِيُّ الْمَشَّاطُ أنبأ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ فَارِسٍ ثنا الْبُخَارِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ السَّدُوسِيُّ ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ السُّلَمِيُّ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَدْ قِيلَ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Keep your speech secret, then perform ablution and perfect your ablution, then pray what Allah has prescribed for you. Then praise and glorify your Lord, and say: O Allah, You are capable and I am not capable, You know and I do not know, and You are the Knower of the unseen. So, if you see goodness for me in Fulanah (mention the person's name), and naming her is good for my religion, worldly affairs, and Hereafter, then decree it for me. And if there is goodness for me in someone other than her in my religion, worldly affairs, and Hereafter, then decree it for me."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ اكْتُمِ الْخِطْبَةَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأْ فَأَحْسِنْ وُضُوءَكَ ثُمَّ صَلِّ مَا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَكَ ثُمَّ احْمَدْ رَبَّكَ وَمَجِّدْهُ ثُمَّ قُلْ اللهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَقْدِرُ وَلَا أَقْدِرُ وَتَعْلَمُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ وَأَنْتَ عَلَّامُ الْغُيُوبِ فَإِنْ رَأَيْتَ لِي فُلَانَةَ وَتُسَمِّيهَا بِاسْمِهَا خَيْرًا لِي فِي دِينِي وَدُنْيَايَ وَآخِرَتِي فَاقْدِرْهَا لِي وَإِنْ كَانَ غَيْرُهَا خَيْرًا لِي فِي دِينِي وَدُنْيَايَ وَآخِرَتِي فَاقْدِرْهَا لِي  

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ , he said: "When one of you gets his mount or servant or animal ready for a journey, let him take hold of its reins (or nose) and say: 'In the name of Allah.' Then he should supplicate: 'O Allah, I ask You for its goodness and the goodness of what it has been created for, and I seek refuge in You from its evil and the evil it has been created for.'” And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafi told us that Mohammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, Yahya ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya Ash-Shahid narrated to us, Musaddad narrated to us, Yahya ibn Sa'id narrated to us, Ibn Ajlan mentioned it in a similar way, except that he added: "And if it is a camel, let him hold its camelhood (i.e., hump), and Allah knows best."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَفَادَ أَحَدُكُمُ امْرَأَةً أَوْ خَادِمًا أَوْ دَابَّةً فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِنَاصِيَتِهَا وَلْيُسَمِّ اللهَ ﷻ وَلْيَقُلْ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ خَيْرَهَا وَخَيْرَ مَا جُبِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّهَا وَشَرِّ مَا جُبِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ 13839 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الشَّهِيدُ ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثنا ابْنُ عَجْلَانَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِنَاصِيَتِهَا وَلْيَدْعُ بِالْبَرَكَةِ وَلْيَقُلْ فَذَكَرَهُ وَزَادَ وَإِنْ كَانَ بَعِيرًا فَلْيَأْخُذْ بِذِرْوَةِ سَنَامِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

the Prophet saw traces of yellow perfume on 'Abdur-Rahmaan bin 'Awf, and he asked him “What is this?” He said: “O Messenger of Allah, I married a women for the weight of a Nawah (Stone) of gold. He said: “May Allah bless you. Give a feast even if it is only with one sheep.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1907)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ رَأَى عَلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَثَرَ صُفْرَةٍ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ؟ قَالَ تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَةً عَلَى وَزْنِ نَوَاةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ قَالَ بَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ أَوْلِمْ وَلَوْ بِشَاةٍ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ حَمَّادِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to say when someone got married, "May Allah bless you and bless your marriage and bring goodness and harmony between you." And in another narration, it is mentioned that the Prophet ﷺ said, "When a man gets married and is congratulated, he should mention him (i.e. the Prophet Muhammad)."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا رَفَأَ الْإِنْسَانَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ قَالَ بَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ وَبَارَكَ عَلَيْكَ وَجَمَعَ بَيْنَكُمَا فِي خَيْرٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ الْمُقْرِئِ قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ فَرَفَأَهُ قَالَ فَذَكَرَهُ  

[Machine] "Do not say that, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has forbidden us from doing so and has commanded us to say 'May Allah bless you' and 'May Allah bless upon you.'"  

لَا تَقُولُوا كَذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرَنَا أَنْ نَقُولَ بَارَكَ اللهُ لَكَ وَبَارَكَ عَلَيْكَ  

The Prophet ﷺ engaged me when I was a girl of six (years). We went to Medina and stayed at the home of Bani-al-Harith bin Khazraj. Then I got ill and my hair fell down. Later on my hair grew (again) and my mother, Um Ruman, came to me while I was playing in a swing with some of my girl friends. She called me, and I went to her, not knowing what she wanted to do to me. She caught me by the hand and made me stand at the door of the house. I was breathless then, and when my breathing became Allright, she took some water and rubbed my face and head with it. Then she took me into the house. There in the house I saw some Ansari women who said, "Best wishes and Allah's Blessing and a good luck." Then she entrusted me to them and they prepared me (for the marriage). Unexpectedly Allah's Apostle came to me in the forenoon and my mother handed me over to him, and at that time I was a girl of nine years of age. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3894)   

تَزَوَّجَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا ابْنَةُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ فَقَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ فَنَزَلْنَا فِي بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ فَوُعِكْتُ فَتَمَرَّقَ شَعْرِي فَأَوْفَى جُمَيْمَةً فَأَتَتْنِي أُمِّي أُمُّ رُومَانَ وَإِنِّي لَفِي أُرْجُوحَةٍ وَمَعِي صَوَاحِبَاتٌ لِي فَصَرَخَتْ بِي فَأَتَيْتُهَا وَمَا أَدْرِي مَا تُرِيدُ بِي فَأَخَذَتْ بِيَدِي حَتَّى وَقَفَتْنِي عَلَى بَابِ الدَّارِ وَإِنِّي لَأَنْهَجُ حَتَّى سَكَنَ بَعْضُ نَفْسِي ثُمَّ أَخَذَتْ شَيْئًا مِنْ مَاءٍ فَمَسَحَتْ بِهِ وَجْهِي وَرَأْسِي ثُمَّ أَدْخَلَتْنِي الدَّارَ فَإِذَا نِسْوَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي بَيْتٍ فَقُلْنَ عَلَى الْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ وَعَلَى خَيْرِ طَائِرٍ فَأَسْلَمَتْنِي إِلَيْهِنَّ فَأَصْلَحْنَ مِنْ شَأْنِي فَلَمْ يَرُعْنِي إِلَّا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ضُحًى فَأَسْلَمْنَنِي إِلَيْهِ وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ بِنْتُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Indeed, when one of you intends to have intercourse with his spouse, he should say, 'In the name of Allah, O Allah, keep the Shaytan away from us and keep the Shaytan away from what You provide for us.' Then if Allah decrees that they will have a child, the Shaytan will not harm him."  

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللهِ اللهُمَّ جَنِّبْنِي الشَّيْطَانَ وَجَنِّبِ الشَّيْطَانَ مَا رَزَقْتَنَا ثُمَّ رُزِقَ أَوْ قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَدٌ لَمْ يَضُرَّهُ الشَّيْطَانُ  

[Machine] To choose four of them.  

أَنْ يَتَخَيَّرَ مِنْهُنَّ أَرْبَعًا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ chose four of them as authentic words, and the rest of the narrations mentioned in this chapter are mentioned in the chapter of a man greeting women, and he has more than four women with him.  

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اخْتَرْ مِنْهُنَّ أَرْبَعًا لَفْظُ مُسَدَّدٍ وَسَائِرُ الْأَحَادِيثِ الَّتِي رُوِيَتْ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ مَذْكُورَةٌ فِي بَابِ الرَّجُلِ يُسْلِمُ وَعِنْدَهُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ أَرْبَعِ نِسْوَةٍ  

[Machine] In His saying {And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four...} [An-Nisa 3], regarding the orphans, it is said that they used to marry ten young girls in the times of ignorance and they used to honor the orphans. So, they investigated the matters related to their religion regarding the orphans and they left what they used to marry in the times of ignorance. Allah the Almighty said {And if you fear that you will not deal justly with the orphan girls, then marry those that please you of [other] women, two or three or four...}[An-Nisa 3] and He prohibited them from what they used to marry in the times of ignorance.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا} [النساء 3] فِي الْيَتَامَى قَالَ كَانُوا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَنْكِحُونَ عَشْرًا مِنَ النِّسَاءِ الْأَيَامَى وَكَانُوا يُعَظِّمُونَ شَأْنَ الْيَتِيمِ فَتَفَقَّدُوا أَمْرَ دِينِهِمْ بِشَأْنِ الْيَتَامَى وَتَرَكُوا مَا كَانُوا يَنْكِحُونَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ قَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَلَّا تُقْسِطُوا فِي الْيَتَامَى فَانْكِحُوا مَا طَابَ لَكُمْ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ مَثْنَى وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ} [النساء 3] وَنَهَاهُمْ عَمَّا كَانُوا يَنْكِحُونَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ  

[Machine] He marries more than four, then he is responsible for the same obligations as his mother and sister. We have narrated from Ubaydah As-Salmani in his statement in the verse {the Book of Allah is upon you} [An-Nisa 4:24]. He said, "Four women." Likewise, it was narrated from Al-Hasan Al-Basri.  

يَتَزَوَّجَ فَوْقَ أَرْبَعٍ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ فَهِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِثْلُ أُمِّهِ وَأُخْتِهِ وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ عُبَيْدَةَ السَّلْمَانِيِّ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {كِتَابَ اللهِ عَلَيْكُمْ} [النساء 24] قَالَ أَرْبَعُ نِسْوَةٍ وَكَذَلِكَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ  

[Machine] Um Sa'id, the mother of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "I used to pour water for Ali while he performed ablution. He then said, 'O Um Sa'id, I miss being a groom.' I said, 'What prevents you, O Commander of the Believers?' He replied, 'Being away from them for four [months].' I said, 'Divorce one of them and marry another.' He said, 'Indeed, divorce is repulsive; I detest it.'"  

أَنَّ أُمَّ سَعِيدٍ أُمَّ وَلَدِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللهُ عنه حَدَّثَتْهَا قَالَتْ كُنْتُ أَصُبُّ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ الْمَاءَ وَهُوَ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّ سَعِيدٍ قَدِ اشْتَقْتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ عَرُوسًا قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ وَيْحَكَ مَا يَمْنَعُكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ؟ قَالَ أَبَعْدَ أَرْبَعٍ؟ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ تُطَلِّقُ وَاحِدَةً مِنْهُنَّ وَتَزَوَّجْ أُخْرَى قَالَ إِنَّ الطَّلَاقَ قَبِيحٌ أَكْرَهُهُ  

[Machine] He marries whenever he wants and does not wait until her waiting period is over.  

أَنَّهُ يَتَزَوَّجُ إِذَا شَاءَ وَلَا يَنْتَظِرُ حَتَّى تَمْضِيَ عِدَّتُهَا  

[Machine] About Al-Hasan and Ataa' ibn Abi Rabah and Bakr ibn Abdullah al-Muzani and Khalas ibn Amr.  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ وَعَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ وَبَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمُزَنِيِّ وَخِلَاسِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو  

[Machine] The translation of the given passage into English is: "Son of Umar, indeed it is not permissible for you except through one of three things: a gift, a purchase, or marriage."  

ابْنُ عُمَرَ ؓ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَحِلُّ لَكَ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ هِبَةٍ بَتَّةٍ أَوْ شَرْيٍ أَوْ نِكَاحٍ  

[Machine] Abid ibn Umar used to secretly plan, and it did not bother them.  

كَانَ عَبِيدُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ يَتَسَرُّونَ فَلَا يَعِيبُ عَلَيْهِمْ  

[Machine] The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, prevented Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, from inheriting the new things. He opposed the first view with this and that. Ibn 'Umar only said this in relation to buying a defective child.  

الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَدْ مَنَعَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ الْعَبْدَ مِنَ التَّسَرِّي فِي الْجَدِيدِ وَعَارَضَ الْأَثَرَ الْأَوَّلَ بِهَذَا وَهَذَا إِنَّمَا قَالَهُ ابْنُ عُمَرَ فِي الْحُرِّ إِذَا اشْتَرَى وَلِيدَةً بِشَرْطٍ فَاسِدٍ  

[Machine] To enter a female, other than the one he already owns, if he wishes to give her as a gift, or if he wishes to sell her, or if he wishes to set her free, there are no conditions for it. It was narrated to us by Ali ibn Bishrana, who informed us that Isma'il al-Saffar narrated from Ibn Affan, who narrated from Ibn Nu'mayr, from 'Ubaydullah, who mentioned it.  

أَنْ يَطَأَ فَرْجًا إِلَّا فَرْجًا إِنْ شَاءَ وَهَبَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ بَاعَهُ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَعْتَقَهُ لَيْسَ فِيهِ شَرْطٌ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا ابْنُ عَفَّانَ ثنا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ فَذَكَرَهُ  

[Machine] The sheikh (may Allah have mercy on him) is as he said.  

الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ  

[Machine] He used to say that the matter is up to the master, whether he grants permission or denies it. And he recited this verse: "Allah presents an example: a slave [who is] owned and unable to do a thing" [Surah An-Nahl, 16:75]. Abu Hazim Al-`Abdawi Al-Hafiz narrated to us, Abu Al-Fadl ibn Khumayrawayh informed us, Ahmad ibn Najdah narrated to us, Sa'id ibn Mansur informed us, Hushaym narrated to me, and Mansur narrated from `Ata' from Ibn `Abbas, mentioning him. And it was also reported in the hadith of Abu Ma`bad from Ibn `Abbas, indicating the same.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ الْأَمْرُ إِلَى الْمَوْلَى أُذِنَ لَهُ أَوْ لَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ وَيَتْلُو هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {ضَرَبَ اللهُ مَثَلًا عَبْدًا مَمْلُوكًا لَا يَقْدِرُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ} [النحل 75] أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو حَازِمٍ الْعَبْدَوِيُّ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ خُمَيْرَوَيْهِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ نَجْدَةَ ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ثنا هُشَيْمٌ أنبأ مَنْصُورٌ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي مَعْبَدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ