39. Marriage
٣٩۔ كِتَابُ النِّكَاحِ
ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ
While I was walking with 'Abdullah at Mina, 'Uthman happened to meet him. He stopped there and began to talk with him. Uthman said to him: Abu 'Abd al-Rahman, should we not marry you to a young girl who may recall to you some of the past of your bygone days; thereupon he said: If you say so, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 0 young men, those among you who can support a wife should marry, for it restrains eyes from casting (evil glances). and preserves one from immorality; but those who cannot should devote themselves to fasting for it is a means of controlling sexual desire. (Using translation from Muslim 1400a)
يُحَدِّثُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَلَا نُزَوِّجُكَ جَارِيَةً شَابَّةً لَعَلَّهَا تُذَكِّرُكَ بَعْضَ مَا مَضَى مِنْ زَمَانِكَ؟ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ أَمَا لَئِنْ قُلْتَ ذَلِكَ لَقَدْ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّ الصَّوْمَ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ
[Machine] We entered upon Abdullah and he had a date and some black grapes with him. He narrated a hadeeth which I did not see anyone else narrating except for my sake, for I used to memorize the hadeeths of the people. Abdullah said, "We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when we were young and had nothing. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'O youth! Whoever among you can afford to marry, let him do so, for it is more effective in lowering the gaze and guarding chastity. And whoever cannot afford it, then he should fast, for it will be a shield for him.'"
دَخَلْنَا عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ وَعِنْدَهُ عَلْقَمَةُ وَالْأَسْوَدُ فَحَدَّثَ بِحَدِيثٍ لَا أَرَاهُ حَدَّثَ بِهِ إِلَّا مِنْ أَجْلِي كُنْتُ أَحْدَثَ الْقَوْمِ سِنًّا فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ ؓ كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ شَبَابًا لَا نَجِدُ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الشَّبَابِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَلْيَتَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّهُ أَغَضُّ لِلْبَصَرِ وَأَحْصَنُ لِلْفَرْجِ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ مِنْكُمُ الْبَاءَةَ فَعَلَيْهِ بِالصَّوْمِ فَإِنَّهُ لَهُ وِجَاءٌ
A group of three men came to the houses of the wives of the Prophet ﷺ asking how the Prophet ﷺ worshipped (Allah), and when they were informed about that, they considered their worship insufficient and said, "Where are we from the Prophet ﷺ as his past and future sins have been forgiven." Then one of them said, "I will offer the prayer throughout the night forever." The other said, "I will fast throughout the year and will not break my fast." The third said, "I will keep away from the women and will not marry forever." Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to them and said, "Are you the same people who said so-and-so? By Allah, I am more submissive to Allah and more afraid of Him than you; yet I fast and break my fast, I do sleep and I also marry women. So he who does not follow my tradition in religion, is not from me (not one of my followers). (Using translation from Bukhārī 5063)
جَاءَ ثَلَاثَةُ رَهْطٍ إِلَى أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَسْأَلُونَ عَنْ عِبَادَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا أُخْبِرُوا بِهَا كَأَنَّهُمْ تَقَالُّوهَا فَقَالُوا وَأَيْنَ نَحْنُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَدْ غَفَرَ اللهُ لَهُ مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِهِ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ؟ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ أَمَّا أَنَا فَأُصَلِّي اللَّيْلَ أَبَدًا وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ إِنِّي أَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ فَلَا أُفْطِرُ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ أَنَا أَعْتَزِلُ النِّسَاءَ وَلَا أَتَزَوَّجُ أَبَدًا فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ أَنْتُمُ الَّذِينَ قُلْتُمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا أَمَا إِنِّي لَأَخْشَاكُمْ لِلَّهِ ﷻ وَأَتْقَاكُمْ لَهُ لَكِنِّي أَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ وَأُصَلِّي وَأَرْقُدُ وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي
It was narrated from Anas that there was a group of the Companions of the Prophet, one of whom said: "I will not marry women." Another said: "I will not eat meat." Another said: "I will not sleep on a bed." Another said: "I will fast and not break my fast." News of that reached the Messenger of Allah and he praised Allah then said: "What is the matter with people who say such and such? But I pray and I sleep, I fast and I break my fast, and I marry women. Whoever turns away from my Sunnah is not of me." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3217)
أَنَّ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سَأَلُوا أَزْوَاجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَنْ سَرِيرَتِهِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا أَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا آكُلُ اللَّحْمَ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا أَنَامُ عَلَى فِرَاشٍ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَصُومُ وَلَا أُفْطِرُ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَامَ وَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ قَالُوا كَذَا وَكَذَا لَكِنِّي أُصَلِّي وَأَنَامُ وَأَصُومُ وَأُفْطِرُ وَأَتَزَوَّجُ النِّسَاءَ فَمَنْ رَغِبَ عَنْ سُنَّتِي فَلَيْسَ مِنِّي لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ وَحَدِيثِ الرُّوذْبَارِيِّ مُخْتَصَرٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ حِكَايَةُ أَقْوَالِهِمْ
[Machine] Abdullah ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, got married, for indeed, the best of us are those who have the most wives, and by that, I mean the Prophet ﷺ.
عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ تَزَوَّجْ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَنَا كَانَ أَكْثَرَنَا نِسَاءً يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ
[Machine] "From the Prophet ﷺ , he said: 'Whoever loves my nature should adhere to my tradition. And from my tradition is marriage.' This was narrated by Abu Hurayrah through Al-Hasan from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ ."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَحَبَّ فِطْرَتِي فَلْيَسْتَنَّ بِسُنَّتِي وَمِنْ سُنَّتِي النِّكَاحُ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي حُرَّةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ
[Machine] "Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ, he said: 'I have not seen anything better for those who love each other than marriage, and this is a blessed union.'"
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَا رَأَيْتُ لِلْمُتَحَابَّيْنِ مِثْلَ النِّكَاحِ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ
[Machine] "From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that he said: 'They have not seen anything like marriage for those who love each other in Allah.' Abu Tahir al-Faqih, Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Yusuf, and Abu Saeed ibn Abi Amr informed us. They said: Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub informed us, who informed us that Muhammad ibn Ishaq al-Saghani informed us, who informed us that Abdullah ibn Yusuf al-Tinnisi informed us that I am Muhammad ibn Muslim al-Ta'ifi, and he mentioned it."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَمْ يَرَوْا لِلْمُتَحَابَّيْنِ فِي اللهِ مِثْلَ التَّزَوُّجِ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ وَأَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ إِمْلَاءً وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ التِّنِّيسِيُّ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ الطَّائِفِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ
[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'What I love the most from your worldly possessions are women and perfume, and the coolness of my eyes has been placed in prayer.' The narration from Ali states, and in another narration from Musa, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'What I love the most from this world is a person who is humble.' Thiyar bin Hatim narrated it from Ja'far bin Sulaiman, who narrated it from Thabit, who narrated it from Anas. And a group of weak narrators also reported it, and Allah knows best."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّمَا حُبِّبَ إِلِيَّ مِنْ دُنْيَاكُمُ النِّسَاءُ وَالطِّيبُ وَجُعِلَتْ قُرَّةُ عَيْنِي فِي الصَّلَاةِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَلِيٍّ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مُوسَى قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حُبِّبَ إِلِيَّ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا تَابَعَهُ سَيَّارُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ وَرَوَى ذَلِكَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الضُّعَفَاءِ عَنْ ثَابِتٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever is able to marry but does not marry, then he is not from us. He has contradicted my message."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ مُوسِرًا لِأَنْ يَنْكِحَ فَلَمْ يَنْكِحْ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ
"There are three, all of whom have a promise of help from Allah: 'The Mujahid who strives in the cause of Allah, the Mighty and Sublime; the man who gets married, seeking to keep himself chaste; and the slave who has a contract of manumission and wants to buy his freedom.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3120)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثَةٌ كُلُّهُمْ حَقٌّ عَلَى اللهِ عَوْنُهُمُ الْمُجَاهِدُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَالنَّاكِحُ يُرِيدُ الْعَفَافَ وَالْمُكَاتَبُ يُرِيدُ الْأَدَاءَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Get married, for I will boast about you on the Day of Judgment as being the most numerous of the nations. And do not be like the Christian monks. There are many narrations about this, some of which are weak in their chains of transmission, and what we have mentioned is sufficient. Ash-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "We have been informed that the Prophet ﷺ said, 'Whoever has three children, the Fire will not touch him.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَزَوَّجُوا فَإِنِّي مُكَاثِرٌ بِكُمُ الْأُمَمَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَرَهْبَانِيَّةِ النَّصَارَى وَفِي هَذَا أَخْبَارٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فِي أَسَانِيدِهَا ضَعْفٌ وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ غُنْيَةٌ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ مَاتَ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ لَمْ تَمَسَّهُ النَّارُ
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ, he said: "No one from among the Muslims will have three children who die before reaching the age of puberty, except that they will be a means of protection for them from the Hellfire."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا يَمُوتُ لِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْوَلَدِ فَتَمَسَّهُ النَّارُ إِلَّا تَحِلَّةُ الْقَسَمِ
[Machine] "From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: 'Verily, Allah raises the rank of His servant, and the servant asks: 'O Lord, how did I attain this rank?' And Allah responds: 'By virtue of the supplication of your child for you.'"
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ لَيَرْفَعُ الْعَبْدَ الدَّرَجَةَ فَيَقُولُ رَبِّ أَنَّى لِي هَذِهِ الدَّرَجَةُ فَيَقُولُ بِدُعَاءِ وَلَدِكَ لَكَ
[Machine] Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "By Allah, I force myself for intercourse in the hope that Allah will bring forth from me a soul that glorifies Allah."
قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ وَاللهِ إِنِّي لَأُكْرِهُ نَفْسِي عَلَى الْجِمَاعِ؛ رَجَاءَ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ اللهُ مِنِّي نَسَمَةً تُسَبِّحُ اللهَ
[Machine] Hafsah, marry him. If you have a child, they will live after you and pray for you.
لَهُ حَفْصَةُ تَزَوَّجْ فَإِنْ وُلِدَ لَكَ وَلَدٌ فَعَاشُوا مِنْ بَعْدِكَ دَعَوْا لَكَ