39. Marriage
٣٩۔ كِتَابُ النِّكَاحِ
[Machine] He disliked from the female slaves what he disliked from the free women, except in terms of number." Al-Shafi'i said, "And this is from the statement of Ammar, if Allah wills, regarding the meaning of the Quran, and this is what we adhere to."
أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ مِنَ الْإِمَاءِ مَا كَرِهَ مِنَ الْحَرَائِرِ إِلَّا الْعَدَدَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَهَذَا مِنْ قَوْلِ عَمَّارٍ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فِي مَعْنَى الْقُرْآنِ وَبِهِ نَأْخُذُ
[Machine] Abdullah, the son of Mas'ood, said that what is prohibited for slave women is the same as what is prohibited for free women, except for the specific number.
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ هُوَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ يُحَرَّمُ مِنَ الْإِمَاءِ مَا يُحَرَّمُ مِنَ الْحَرَائِرِ إِلَّا الْعَدَدَ
[Machine] Uthman made something permissible for them through a verse, and prohibited it through another verse. As for me, I do not like to do this. He then left from there and met a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ . He said, "If I had any authority, and I found someone doing that, I would make him face consequences." Malik said, may Allah have mercy on him, that Ibn Shihab said, "I think he was referring to Ali ibn Abi Talib." Malik said, "And it reached me from Az-Zubayr ibn Al-Awwam the same thing."
عُثْمَانُ ؓ أَحَلَّتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَحَرَّمَتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَأَمَّا أَنَا فَلَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أَصْنَعَ هَذَا قَالَ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَلَقِيَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَوْ كَانَ لِي مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ ثُمَّ وَجَدْتُ أَحَدًا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لَجَعَلْتُهُ نَكَالًا قَالَ مَالِكٌ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ أَرَاهُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَبَلَغَنِي عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ
[Machine] Niyar al-Aslami asked a man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the two sisters in what the right hand possesses. The man said to him, "There is a verse that permits them and a verse that prohibits them, and I did not do that." Niyar then left that man and met another man from the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said to him, "What did your companion whom you asked tell you?" Niyar informed him, so he said, "I forbid you from them, and even if you were to bring them together, I have authority over you, and I will punish you severely."
أَنَّ نِيَارًا الْأَسْلَمِيَّ سَأَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْأُخْتَيْنِ فِيمَا مَلَكَتِ الْيَمِينُ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَحَلَّتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَحَرَّمَتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَلَمْ أَكُنْ لِأَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ نِيَارٌ مِنْ عِنْدِ ذَاكَ الرَّجُلِ فَلَقِيَهُ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا أَفْتَاكَ بِهِ صَاحِبُكَ الَّذِي اسْتَفْتَيْتَهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَنْهَاكَ عَنْهُمَا وَلَوْ جَمَعْتَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلِي عَلَيْكَ سُلْطَانٌ عَاقَبْتُكَ عُقُوبَةً مُنَكِّلَةً
[Machine] About the woman and her daughter from the king of the right hand, does one of them step on the other? Omar said, "I do not like to judge them both," and Abu Ahmad said, "I do."
عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ وَابْنَتِهَا مِنْ مِلْكِ الْيَمِينِ هَلْ تُوطَأُ إِحْدَاهُمَا بَعْدَ الْأُخْرَى؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ أُجِيزَهُمَا جَمِيعًا وَقَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ أَنْ أُجِيزَهُمَا
[Machine] 'Umar was asked about the mother and daughter from Milki al-Yameen, so he said, "I do not like to justify both of them." 'Ubaidullah said, "My father said, 'I wish 'Umar was stricter in this matter than he actually was.'" The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "Ibn 'Umar said, 'I wish, and indeed he is the son of 'Utbah, there is no doubt about it.'"
سُئِلَ عُمَرُ ؓ عَنِ الْأُمِّ وَابْنَتِهَا مِنْ مِلْكِ الْيَمِينِ فَقَالَ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يُجِيزَهُمَا جَمِيعًا قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ قَالَ أَبِي فَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ أَشَدَّ فِي ذَلِكَ مِمَّا هُوَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ غَلِطَ الْمُزَنِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ وَدِدْتُ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ ابْنُ عُتْبَةَ لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ
[Machine] The Abbas informed Rabi' that Shafi'i informed Muslim and Abd al-Majid about Ibn Jurayj, who said: "I heard Ibn Abi Mulaikah informing that Mu'adh ibn Ubayd Allah ibn Ma'mar came to Aisha and said to her, 'I have a secret that I shared with her, and she has a young daughter. Should I ask for her (hand in marriage)?' She said, 'No.' He said, 'By Allah, I will not abandon her until she says, 'Allah has prohibited it.' She said, 'No one from my family would do that, nor would anyone obey me (in doing so).'"
الْعَبَّاسِ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ مُسْلِمٌ وَعَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ يُخْبِرُ أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ جَاءَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فَقَالَ لَهَا إِنَّ لِي سُرِّيَّةً أَصَبْتُهَا وَإِنَّهَا قَدْ بَلَغَتْ لَهَا ابْنَةٌ جَارِيَةٌ لِي أَفَأَسْتَسِرُّ ابْنَتَهَا؟ فَقَالَتْ لَا قَالَ فَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أَدَعُهَا إِلَّا أَنْ تَقُولِي حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ فَقَالَتْ لَا يَفْعَلُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِي وَلَا أَحَدٌ أَطَاعَنِي
[Machine] "In the two enslaved sisters, one verse made them permissible and another verse made them forbidden. So, I do not command or prohibit, nor do I permit or forbid. I neither do it, nor does my household."
فِي الْأُخْتَيْنِ الْمَمْلُوكَتَيْنِ أَحَلَّتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَحَرَّمَتْهُمَا آيَةٌ فَلَا آمُرُ وَلَا أَنْهَى وَلَا أُحِلُّ وَلَا أُحَرِّمُ وَلَا أَفْعَلُهُ أَنَا وَلَا أَهْلُ بَيْتِي
[Machine] About the man who has two slave girls, does he have intercourse with one of them or the other? He said: One is permissible for him and the other is forbidden. I forbid myself and my children from them. And it was narrated from Ibn Abbas regarding the slave girl and her daughter the like of this.
عَنِ الرَّجُلِ تَكُونُ لَهُ جَارِيَتَانِ أُخْتَانِ فَيَطَأُ إِحْدَاهُمَا أَيَطَأُ الْأُخْرَى؟ فَقَالَ أَحَلَّتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَحَرَّمَتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَأَنَا أَنْهَى عَنْهُمَا نَفْسِي وَوَلَدِي وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ وَابْنَتِهَا مِثْلُ هَذَا
[Machine] Ibn Abbas permits them at that time. They were made permissible by one verse and made forbidden by another verse. The prohibition is only upon my relatives from them, and it does not make them prohibited upon the relatives of others. This is according to the saying of Allah the Exalted: "And [also prohibited to you are] all married women except those your right hands possess." [Surah An-Nisa 24]
ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَحَلَّتْهُمَا آيَةٌ وَحَرَّمَتْهُمَا آيَةٌ إِنَّمَا تُحَرِّمُهُنَّ عَلَى قَرَابَتِي مِنْهُنَّ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُهُنَّ عَلَى قَرَابَةِ بَعْضِهِمْ مِنْ بَعْضٍ لِقَوْلِ اللهِ تَعَالَى {وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [النساء 24]
[Machine] A man asked Ali: "I have two slave women, sisters. He has had relations with one of them and now wants to have relations with the other. Ali replied: "No, not until he frees her from his ownership."
عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ لَهُ أَمَتَانِ أُخْتَانِ وَطِئَ إِحْدَاهُمَا ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَطَأَ الْأُخْرَى قَالَ لَا حَتَّى يُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ مِلْكِهِ
[Machine] Ibn Umar had two sisters who he had sexual relations with. He then wanted to have relations with the other sister, so he expelled the sister he had previously engaged with from his ownership.
لِابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ مَمْلُوكَتَانِ أُخْتَانِ فَوَطِئَ إِحْدَاهُمَا ثُمَّ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَطَأَ الْأُخْرَى فَأَخْرَجَ الَّتِي وَطِئَ مِنْ مِلْكِهِ
[Machine] If a man has two sisters, and he deceives one of them, he should not approach the other until he removes the one he deceived from his possession.
إِذَا كَانَ لِلرَّجُلِ جَارِيَتَانِ أُخْتَانِ فَغَشِيَ إِحْدَاهُمَا فَلَا يَقْرَبِ الْأُخْرَى حَتَّى يُخْرِجَ الَّتِي غَشِيَ مِنْ مِلْكِهِ
عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فَذَكَرَهُ