[Machine] Narrated by Jabir ibn Abdullah, in the story of the Prophet's Hajj, the Prophet ﷺ said in his sermon: "Indeed, everything from the pre-Islamic era is placed beneath my feet, and the pre-Islamic practice of usury is also abolished. The first usury I abolish is the usury of Abbas ibn Abdul-Muttalib, as all forms of usury are abolished."  

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ ؓ فِي قِصَّةِ حَجَّةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ أَلَا وَإِنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ تَحْتَ قَدَمِيَّ وَرِبَا الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ وَأَوَّلُ رِبًا أَضَعُهُ رِبَا الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَإِنَّهُ مَوْضُوعٌ كُلَّهُ  

That he heard the Prophet ﷺ on the day (of the battle) of Khaibar saying, "I will give the flag to a person at whose hands Allah will grant victory." So, the companions of the Prophet ﷺ got up, wishing eagerly to see to whom the flag will be given, and everyone of them wished to be given the flag. But the Prophet asked for ʿAli. Someone informed him that he was suffering from eye-trouble. So, he ordered them to bring ʿAli in front of him. Then the Prophet ﷺ spat in his eyes and his eyes were cured immediately as if he had never any eye-trouble. ʿAli said, "We will fight with them (i.e. infidels) till they become like us (i.e. Muslims)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Be patient, till you face them and invite them to Islam and inform them of what Allah has enjoined upon them. By Allah! If a single person embraces Islam at your hands (i.e. through you), that will be better for you than the red camels." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2942)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ لَأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ رَجُلًا يَفْتَحُ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَبَاتَ النَّاسُ يَدُوكُونَ أَيُّهُمْ يُعْطَاهَا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ غَدَوْا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كُلُّهُمْ يَرْجُو أَنْ يُعْطَاهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَيْنَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هُوَ يَشْتَكِي عَيْنَيْهِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَبَصَقَ فِي عَيْنِهِ وَدَعَا لَهُ فَبَرَأَ مَكَانَهُ حَتَّى لَكَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بِهِ شَيْءٌ فَأَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُقَاتِلُهُمْ حَتَّى يَكُونُوا مِثْلَنَا قَالَ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ انْفُذْ حَتَّى تَنْزِلَ بِسَاحَتِهِمْ ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَخْبِرْهُمْ بِمَا يَجِبُ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ فَوَاللهِ لَأَنْ يَهْدِيَ اللهُ بِكَ الرَّجُلَ الْوَاحِدَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِنْ حُمْرِ النَّعَمِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to Kisra and Caesar, and to every oppressive ruler, inviting them to Allah.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَتَبَ إِلَى كِسْرَى وَقَيْصَرَ وَإِلَى كُلِّ جَبَّارٍ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ never fought a people until he invited them.  

مَا قَاتَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَوْمًا قَطُّ حَتَّى يَدْعُوَهُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought captives from Al-Lat and Al-Uzza (pagan idols). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked them, "Did you call them to Islam?" They replied, "No." He then asked them, "Did they call you to Islam?" They again replied, "No." He said, "Leave them until they reach a place of safety." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the following two verses: "Verily, We have sent you as a witness, a bringer of glad tidings, and a warner. And as one who invites to Allah by His permission, and as a lamp spreading light" (Quran 33:46) and "And it is revealed to me this Quran, that I may warn you thereby and whomever it reaches. Do you really bear witness that there are other gods with Allah?" (Quran 6:19) until the end of the verse. This hadith is narrated by Rawh ibn Musafer, who is considered weak.  

أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِأُسَارَى مِنَ اللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَلْ دَعَوْهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ؟ فَقَالُوا لَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ هَلْ دَعَوْكُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ؟ فَقَالُوا لَا قَالَ خَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ حَتَّى يَبْلُغُوا مَأْمَنَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَاتَيْنِ الْآيَتَيْنِ {إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ شَاهِدًا وَمُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا وَدَاعِيًا إِلَى اللهِ بِإِذْنِهِ وَسِرَاجًا مُنِيرًا} [الأحزاب 46] {وَأُوحِيَ إِلِيَّ هَذَا الْقُرْآنُ لِأُنْذِرَكُمْ بِهِ وَمَنْ بَلَغَ أَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّ مَعَ اللهِ آلِهَةً أُخْرَى} [الأنعام 19] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ رَوْحُ بْنُ مُسَافِرٍ ضَعِيفٌ  

Ibn ‘Awn said “I wrote to Nafi’ asking him about summoning the polytheists (to Islam) at the time of fighting. So, he wrote to me “This was in the early days of Islam. The Prophet of Allaah ﷺ attacked Banu Al Mustaliq while they were inattentive and their cattle were drinking water. So their fighters were killed and the survivors (i.e., women and children) were taken prisoners. On that day Juwairiyyah daughter of Al Harith was obtained. ‘Abd Allaah narrated this to me, he was in that army.” Abu Dawud said “This is a good tradition narrtted by Ibn ‘Awn from Nafi’ and no one shared him in narrating it.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2633)   

عَنِ الدُّعَاءِ يَعْنِي فِي الْقِتَالِ فَكَتَبَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ قَدْ أَغَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَهُمْ غَارُّونَ وَأَنْعَامُهُمْ تُسْقَى عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَقَتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَسَبَى سَبْيَهُمْ وَأَصَابَ يَوْمَئِذٍ جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ حَدَّثَنِي بِذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَكَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشِ  

[Machine] We went out with Abu Bakr and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded him about us in a battle. When we approached, Abu Bakr commanded us and we formed ranks. When we prayed the dawn prayer, Abu Bakr commanded us and we launched the attack. We ambushed and attacked the enemy, and we killed whoever we killed, and the narration was mentioned.  

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَأَمَّرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْنَا فِي غَزْوَةٍ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْنَا أَمَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَعَرَّسْنَا فَلَمَّا صَلَّيْنَا الصُّبْحَ أَمَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَشَنَنَّا الْغَارَةَ فَوَرَدْنَا الْمَاءَ فَقَتَلْنَا مَنْ قَتَلْنَا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to change his clothes in the morning and listen. If he heard the call to prayer, he would hold back, but if not, he would perform ablution.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُغِيرُ عِنْدَ الصَّبَاحِ فَيَسْتَمِعُ فَإِنْ سَمِعَ أَذَانًا أَمْسَكَ وَإِلَّا أَغَارَ  

[Machine] I heard Anas bin Malik say, "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , when he would go out on a military expedition, he would not deceive until morning. If he heard the call to prayer, he would hold back, and if he did not hear the call to prayer, he would proceed after sunrise."  

سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ؓ يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا غَزَا قَوْمًا لَمْ يُغِرْ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَإِنْ سَمِعَ أَذَانًا أَمْسَكَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ أَذَانًا أَغَارَ بَعْدَ مَا أَصْبَحَ  

From his father and he was a Companion who said: "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ dispatched any army or battalion, he would say to them: 'If you see a Masjid, or hear someone calling the Adhan, then do not kill anyone.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1549)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً قَالَ إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ مُؤَذِّنًا أَوْ رَأَيْتُمْ مَسْجِدًا فَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَحَدًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has forbidden to travel with the Quran to the land of the enemy. Malik said, "I consider it out of fear that the enemy might harm him." And Abu Abdullah informed us through Ali ibn Isa ibn Ibrahim through Ja'far ibn Muhammad ibn Al-Husayn and Muhammad ibn Amr Al-Harshi and Ibrahim ibn Ali, saying: Yahya ibn Yahya said: I read to Malik, and he mentioned it similar to this but he did not mention Malik's statement.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُسَافَرَ بِالْقُرْآنِ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ قَالَ مَالِكٌ أُرَاهُ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَنَالَهُ الْعَدُوُّ 18240 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْحَرَشِيُّ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ قَالُوا ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَ مَالِكٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade carrying the Quran to the land of the enemy, for fear that it might fall into their hands.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُسَافَرَ بِالْقُرْآنِ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْعَدُوِّ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يَنَالَهُ الْعَدُوُّ  

A man of ad-Dabab, said: When the Prophet ﷺ became free from the people of Badr I brought to him a colt of my mare called al-Qarha' I said: Muhammad, I have brought a colt of a al-Qarha' , so that you may take it. He said: I have no need of it. If you wish that I give you a select coat of mail from (the spoils of) Badr, I shall do it. I said: I cannot give you today a colt in exchange. He said: Then I have no need of it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2786)   

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعْدَ أَنْ فَرَغَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ بِابْنِ فَرَسٍ لِي يُقَالُ لَهَا الْقَرْحَاءُ فَقُلْتُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي جِئْتُكَ بِابْنِ الْقَرْحَاءِ لِتَتَّخِذَهُ قَالَ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِ وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ أُقِيضَكَ بِهِ الْمُخْتَارَةَ مِنْ دُرُوعِ بَدْرٍ فَعَلْتُ قُلْتُ مَا كُنْتُ أُقِيضُهُ الْيَوْمَ بِغُرَّةٍ قَالَ فَلَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَوْلُهُ أُقِيضُكَ مِنَ الْمُقَايَضَةِ وَهِيَ الْمُبَادَلَةُ  

[Machine] The companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ captured a man from the tribe of Bani 'Aqil. He mentioned the incident and said that the camel of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was taken, and a woman from the Ansar was captured. The camel had been injured before that, so it used to stay with them. They used to bring the blessings to them. He said that one night, the camel got loose and came to the camels. Every time it came near a camel, it would bite it until it came to that camel and strangled it. It did not bite it even though it was a weak and feeble camel. It sat down in its frustration and then let out a cry, after which it ran away. They searched for it in its night quarters but could not find it. The camel had made a vow to Allah that if Allah saved it, it would be sacrificed. They said, "No, by Allah! We will not sacrifice it until we seek permission from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." So they went to him and informed him that so-and-so woman had come on your camel, and she made a vow to Allah that if Allah saved it, she would sacrifice it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Glory be to Allah! What a strange judgment she has made. Has Allah saved it for her to sacrifice it? No fulfillment of a vow made in disobedience to Allah, and no fulfillment of a vow regarding something that a person does not possess, or as Ibn Adam said."  

أَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَقِيلٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ وَأُخِذَتْ نَاقَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ تِلْكَ وَسُبِيَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَكَانَتِ النَّاقَةُ أُصِيبَتْ قَبْلَهَا فَكَانَتْ تَكُونُ مَعَهُمْ وَكَانُوا يَجِيئُونَ بِالنَّعَمِ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ فَانْفَلَتَتْ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ مِنَ الْوَثَاقِ فَأَتَتِ الْإِبِلَ فَجَعَلَتْ كُلَّمَا أَتَتْ بَعِيرًا رَغَا حَتَّى أَتَتْ تِلْكَ النَّاقَةَ فَشَنَقَتْهَا فَلَمْ تَرْغُ وَهِيَ نَاقَةٌ هُدَرَةٌ فَقَعَدَتْ فِي عَجُزِهَا ثُمَّ صَاحَتْ بِهَا فَانْطَلَقَتْ فَطُلِبَتْ مِنْ لَيْلَتِهَا فَلَمْ يُقْدَرْ عَلَيْهَا فَجَعَلَتْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنِ اللهُ أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا قَالُوا لَا وَاللهِ لَا تَنْحَرِنَّهَا حَتَّى نُؤْذِنَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَتَوْهُ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ أَنَّ فُلَانَةَ قَدْ جَاءَتْ عَلَى نَاقَتِكَ وَأَنَّهَا جَعَلَتْ لِلَّهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنْ أَنْجَاهَا اللهُ عَلَيْهَا لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ بِئْسَ مَا جَزَتْهَا إِنِ اللهُ أَنْجَاهَا عَلَيْهِ لَتَنْحَرَنَّهَا؟ لَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ وَلَا وَفَاءَ لِنَذْرٍ فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ الْعَبْدُ أَوْ قَالَ ابْنُ آدَمَ  

[Machine] The Adhbah belonged to a man from the Bani 'Aqil tribe and it was one of the spoils of war. The man was captured and the Adhbah was taken. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ passed by him while he was in shackles and mentioned this incident in a narration until he said, "Then the man was ransomed with two other men, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ kept the Adhbah as his share of the spoils. Then the polytheists became jealous and they took it, and the Adhbah was in that camp. They also captured a Muslim woman, and the Prophet mentioned this incident in a story regarding her conversion, similar to the story of the Thaqifi tribe."  

كَانَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي عَقِيلٍ وَكَانَتْ مِنْ سَوَابِقِ الْحَاجِّ فَأُسِرَ الرَّجُلُ وَأُخِذَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ قَالَ فَمَرَّ بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي وَثَاقٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ فُدِيَ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ وَحَبَسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْعَضْبَاءَ لِرَحْلِهِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَغَارُوا عَلَى سَرْحِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَذَهَبُوا بِهِ وَكَانَتِ الْعَضْبَاءُ فِي ذَلِكَ السَّرْحِ وَأَسَرُوا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي قِصَّةِ انْقِلَابِهَا بِنَحْوٍ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الثَّقَفِيِّ  

[Machine] A group of people became jealous and harmed a woman from the Ansar and a camel belonging to the Prophet ﷺ . The woman and the camel were in their possession, but then the woman escaped and rode the camel to the city. The camel belonging to the Prophet ﷺ was recognized and she said, "I made a vow that if Allah saves me through this camel, I will sacrifice it." They prevented her from sacrificing it until they could mention it to the Prophet ﷺ . He said, "How badly have you rewarded her! Allah saved you through it, so you should not make a vow in disobedience to Allah or in something that does not belong to the son of Adam." They both said together in the narration, and the Prophet ﷺ took his camel. Abu Sa'id added in his narration, "The Prophet ﷺ took his camel after the polytheists had seized it, and it was under the possession of the Ansari woman over the polytheists."  

أَنَّ قَوْمًا أَغَارُوا فَأَصَابُوا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَنَاقَةً لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَكَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَالنَّاقَةُ عِنْدَهُمْ ثُمَّ انْفَلَتَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَرَكِبَتِ النَّاقَةَ فَأَتَتِ الْمَدِينَةَ فَعُرِفَتْ نَاقَةُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي نَذَرْتُ لَئِنْ نَجَّانِي اللهُ عَلَيْهَا لَأَنْحَرَنَّهَا فَمَنَعُوهَا أَنْ تَنْحَرَهَا حَتَّى يَذْكُرُوا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ بِئْسَ مَا جَزَيْتِهَا أَنْ نَجَّاكِ اللهُ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ تَنْحَرِيهَا لَا نَذْرَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ وَلَا فِيمَا لَا يَمْلِكُ ابْنُ آدَمَ وَقَالَا مَعًا أَوْ أَحَدُهُمَا فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَأَخَذَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ نَاقَتَهُ زَادَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَقَدْ أَخَذَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ نَاقَتَهُ بَعْدَ مَا أَحْرَزَهَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَأَحْرَزَتْهَا الْأَنْصَارِيَّةُ عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ  

[Machine] A worker for them betrayed them to the enemy, then the Muslims appeared and the Prophet ﷺ returned him, and there was no division.  

عَامِلًا لَهُمْ أَبَقَ إِلَى الْعَدُوِّ ثُمَّ ظَهَرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ قَسَمَ  

[Machine] Ubaidullah was loyal to the Prophet ﷺ during his lifetime and also remained so after his passing.  

عُبَيْدِ اللهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَمَا كَانَ بَعْدَهُ  

A horse of Ibn 'Umar fled and the enemy took it. Then the Muslims conquered the enemy and the horse was returned to him during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ. And also, once a slave of Ibn 'Umar (ra) fled and joined the Byzantines, and when the Muslims conquered them, Khalid bin Al-Walid returned the slave to him after the death of the Prophet ﷺ. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3067)   

ذَهَبَتْ لَهُ فَرَسٌ فَأَخَذَهَا الْعَدُوُّ فَظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَرُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَأَبَقَ عَبْدٌ لَهُ فَلَحِقَ بِالرُّومِ فَظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَرَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

[Machine] The servant is the one who responded to him during the time of the Prophet ﷺ, and the horse is then in agreement with the narration of Yahya ibn Zakariya ibn Abi Zaidah, and then the narration of Musa ibn Uqba. This is what Allah knows, and there is nothing in the narrations of the division, and perhaps it is in the narration of Yahya according to the saying of some narrators, except Ibn Umar.  

يَكُونَ الْعَبْدُ هُوَ الَّذِي رُدَّ عَلَيْهِ فِي عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالْفَرَسُ بَعْدَهُ لِيَكُونَ مُوَافِقًا لِرِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى بْنِ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ ثُمَّ رِوَايَةِ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ هَذِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَلَيْسَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الرِّوَايَاتِ أَمْرُ الْقِسْمَةِ وَلَعَلَّهُ فِي رِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى مِنْ قَوْلِ بَعْضِ الرُّوَاةِ دُونَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ  

[Machine] Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm narrated that Rabee' informed Shafi'i, who informed Al-Thiqah, who narrated from Makhramah ibn Bukayr, from his father. I do not retain from whom  

ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ الثِّقَةُ عَنْ مَخْرَمَةَ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ لَا أَحْفَظُ عَمَّنْ  

[Machine] The idolaters acquired a horse belonging to Khalid ibn Al-Walid and they kept it safe, but then the Muslims acquired it during the time of Sa'd. We spoke to him and he returned it to us after it was divided, and it became part of the fifth of the caliphate.  

أَصَابَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَرَسًا لَهُمْ زَمَنَ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ وَكَانُوا أَحْرَزُوهُ فَأَصَابَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ زَمَنَ سَعْدٍ فَكَلَّمْنَاهُ فَرَدَّهُ عَلَيْنَا بَعْدَ مَا قُسِمَ وَصَارَ فِي خُمُسِ الْإِمَارَةِ  

[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "I found my camel among the spoils, which the polytheists had taken." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ told him, "Go, if you find your camel before it is divided, then take it. But if you find it after it has been divided, then you are entitled to its price if you wish." This hadith is known through Al-Hasan ibn 'Umarah from 'Abdul-Malik ibn Maisarah, and Al-Hasan ibn 'Umarah is disregarded as a narrator, and it was also narrated by Maslamah ibn 'Ali Al-Khushani from 'Abdul-Malik, who is also weak. It was narrated with another unknown chain from 'Abdul-Malik, and none of that is considered authentic. It was also narrated from Ishaq ibn 'Abdullah ibn Abi Farwah and Yasir ibn Mu'adh Az-Zayyat from Ibn Shihab, and both Ishaq and Yasir are disregarded as narrators.  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنِّي وَجَدْتُ بَعِيرِي فِي الْمَغْنَمِ كَانَ أَخَذَهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ انْطَلِقْ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ بَعِيرَكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقْسَمَ فَخُذْهُ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتَهُ قَدْ قُسِمَ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ بِالثَّمَنِ إِنْ أَرَدْتَهُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ يُعْرَفُ بِالْحَسَنِ بْنِ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ مَتْرُوكٌ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ عُلَيٍّ الْخُشَنِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَهُوَ أَيْضًا ضَعِيفٌ وَرُوِي بِإِسْنَادٍ آخَرَ مَجْهُولٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَلَا يَصِحُّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي فَرْوَةَ وَيَاسِينَ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ الزَّيَّاتِ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مَرْفُوعًا عَلَى اخْتِلَافٍ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي لَفْظِهِ وَإِسْحَاقُ وَيَاسِينُ مَتْرُوكَانِ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِمَا  

[Machine] A man recognized a camel that was in the hands of another man, so he brought it to the Prophet ﷺ and asked about the matter of the camel. He found out that its original owner had bought it from the hands of the enemy. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to the one who recognized it, "If you wish, you can take it back for the price he bought it for, and you are more entitled to it. Otherwise, leave his camel." The man asked for two witnesses.  

عَرَفَ رَجُلٌ نَاقَةً لَهُ فِي يَدَيْ رَجُلٍ فَأَتَى بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَسَأَلَ عَنْ أَمْرِ النَّاقَةِ فَوَجَدَ أَصْلَهَا اشْتُرِيَ مِنْ أَيْدِي الْعَدُوِّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِلَّذِي عَرَفَهَا إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَأْخُذَ بِالثَّمَنِ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا بِهِ فَأَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ وَإِلَّا فَخَلِّ عَنْ نَاقَتِهِ قَالَ وَسَأَلَ شَاهِدَيْنِ  

[Machine] The enemy attacked the camel of a Muslim man, and another Muslim man bought it. The owner recognized it and argued with the Prophet ﷺ , saying, "Return to him the price that he bought it with, or settle between them." Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said in a narration from Abu Abdul Rahman al-Baghdadi that Tameem ibn Tarafah did not meet the Prophet ﷺ and did not hear from him. A messenger cannot establish proof, because it is not known who delivered it to him.  

أَنَّ الْعَدُوَّ أَصَابُوا نَاقَةَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَاشْتَرَاهَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَعَرَفَهَا صَاحِبُهَا فَخَاصَمَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ رُدَّ إِلَيْهِ الثَّمَنَ الَّذِي اشْتَرَاهَا بِهِ أَوْ خَلِّ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنْهُ تَمِيمُ بْنُ طَرَفَةَ لَمْ يُدْرِكِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْهُ وَالْمُرْسَلُ لَا تَثْبُتُ بِهِ حُجَّةٌ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يُدْرَى عَمَّنْ أَخَذَهُ  

[Machine] "To be distributed, it is his, and when arrows are shot at it, he does not have anything." Qatadah said: "Ali ibn Abi Talib said it is for the Muslims, whether it is divided or not divided. This is a suspended matter that Umar did not have knowledge of." Qatadah narrated from Ali: "It is suspended."  

أَنْ يُقْسَمَ فَهُوَ لَهُ وَإِذَا جَرَتْ فِيهِ السِّهَامُ فَلَا شَيْءَ لَهُ قَالَ وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ هُوَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ اقْتُسِمَ أَوْ لَمْ يُقْتَسَمْ هَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ قَبِيصَةُ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عُمَرَ ؓ وَقَتَادَةُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مُنْقَطِعٌ  

[Machine] "To return to his family what has not been divided."  

أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ مَا لَمْ يُقْسَمْ  

[Machine] About Umar, neither of them realized Umar, nor did they approach that. Ash-Shafi'i said, "The hadith of Sa'd is more authentic than the hadith of Umar because it is narrated by Rukayn bin ar-Rabi' from his father that Sa'd did it." And the hadith of Umar is mursal.  

عَنْ عُمَرَ وَكِلَاهُمَا لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عُمَرَ ؓ وَلَا قَارَبَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَحَدِيثُ سَعْدٍ أَثْبَتُ مِنَ الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ؛ لِأَنَّهُ عَنِ الرُّكَيْنِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ سَعْدًا فَعَلَهُ بِهِ وَالْحَدِيثُ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ مُرْسَلٌ  

[Machine] "That they be divided and he responds to them, even if they do not recognize him until he is divided, he will not respond to them in this way. I found it in my book and it is like this, disconnected, and Ibn Lahi'a is not relied upon for it. And Allah knows best. It was said about Sulayman from Zaid bin Thabit."  

أَنْ يُقْسَمَ رُدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوهُ حَتَّى يُقْسَمَ لَمْ يُرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ كَذَا وَجَدْتُهُ فِي كِتَابِي وَهُوَ هَكَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ  

[Machine] "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Whoever gives allegiance to something, it belongs to him.' Yaasin bin Mu'adh al-Zaiyat al-Kufi, a weak narrator with a criticism from Yahya bin Ma'een and al-Bukhari, and others from the preservers. This hadith is only narrated from Ibn Abi Mulaykah from the Prophet ﷺ as a Mursal narration, and from 'Urwah from the Prophet ﷺ as a Mursal narration. Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said as if the meaning of that is whoever gives allegiance to something that it is permissible for him to own, it belongs to him."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ لَهُ يَاسِينُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الزَّيَّاتُ كُوفِيٌّ ضَعِيفٌ جَرَحَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُمَا مِنَ الْحُفَّاظِ وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ إِنَّمَا يُرْوَى عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا وَعَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَكَأَنَّ مَعْنَى ذَلِكَ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ يَجُوزُ لَهُ مِلْكُهُ فَهُوَ لَهُ  

[Machine] About the beard of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: "What betrayal have I not strived for your betrayal?" He ﷺ said: "Al-Mughirah was with a group of people during the time of ignorance and he killed them and took their wealth. Then he came and embraced Islam." The Prophet ﷺ said: "As for Islam, it is accepted, but as for the wealth, I have nothing to do with it."  

عَنْ لِحْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَيْ غُدَرُ أَوَلَسْتُ أَسْعَى فِي غَدْرَتِكَ قَالَ وَكَانَ الْمُغِيرَةُ صَحِبَ قَوْمًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَتَلَهُمْ وَأَخَذَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَمَّا الْإِسْلَامُ فَأَقْبَلُ وَأَمَّا الْمَالُ فَلَسْتُ مِنْهُ فِي شَيْءٍ  

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ , he used to say regarding the people of the treaty, "Whatever they give from their wealth, slaves, houses, lands, and livestock as a result of their acceptance of Islam, there is nothing binding upon them except for charity."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ لَهُمْ مَا أَسْلَمُوا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَعَبِيدِهِمْ وَدِيَارِهِمْ وَأَرْضِهِمْ وَمَاشِيَتِهِمْ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهِ إِلَّا الصَّدَقَةُ  

[Machine] The people of Banu Nadir and Quraiza fought against the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , so he expelled Banu Nadir and laid siege to Quraiza until they fought against him later. So he killed their men and divided their women, wealth, and children among the Muslims, except for some who joined the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , so he granted them safety and they embraced Islam. The Hadith mentioning this incident was narrated in Sahih from the Hadith of Abd al-Razzaq.  

يَهُودَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَقُرَيْظَةَ حَارَبُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَجْلَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَأَقَرَّ قُرَيْظَةَ وَمَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى حَارَبَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَتَلَ رِجَالَهُمْ وَقَسَمَ نِسَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَأَوْلَادَهُمْ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا بَعْضَهُمْ لَحِقُوا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَآمَنَهُمْ وَأَسْلَمُوا وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ  

[Machine] He is called Ibn Al-Hayban, so he stayed with us and by Allah, we have never seen a man who does not pray the five prayers better than him. He came to us two years before the message of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Whenever we suffered from drought and rain became scarce, we would say to him, "O Ibn Al-Hayban, go out and supplicate for rain for us." He would say, "No, I swear by Allah, until you give charity before you leave." We would ask, "How much should we give?" He would say, "A sa' of dates or a measurement of barley." Then he would go out to a high point in our land and we would be with him, and he would supplicate for rain. By Allah, he would not leave his gathering until the valleys overflowed with water. He did that not once, not twice, not three times. Then his death came, and we gathered around him. He said, "O Jewish people, what do you think? He has taken me out from the land of wine and intoxication to the land of hardship and hunger?" We said, "You know best." He said, "Indeed, He has taken me out because I anticipated the coming out of a Prophet, and this land is the place of his Hijrah. I will follow him, so do not precede him when he comes out, O Jewish people, because he will shed blood, take captives, and enslave women of those who oppose him. Do not let that prevent you from following him." Then he died. On the night when the Battle of the Trench started, those three young men, who were young and active, said to the Jewish people, "Remember Ibn Al-Hayban?" They asked, "What about him?" They said, "Yes, by Allah, it is him, O Jewish people. He is truly him in appearance." Then they descended and embraced Islam, abandoning their wealth, children, and families. Their wealth was in the fortress with the polytheists, and when it was conquered, it was returned to them.  

يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ الْهَيْبَانِ فَأَقَامَ عِنْدَنَا وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا قَطُّ لَا يُصَلِّي الْخَمْسَ خَيْرًا مِنْهُ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا قَبْلَ مَبْعَثِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَنَتَيْنِ فَكُنَّا إِذَا قَحَطْنَا وَقَلَّ عَلَيْنَا الْمَطَرُ نَقُولُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ الْهَيْبَانِ اخْرُجْ فَاسْتَسْقِ لَنَا فَيَقُولُ لَا وَاللهِ حَتَّى تُقَدِّمُوا أَمَامَ مَخْرَجِكُمْ صَدَقَةً فَنَقُولُ كَمْ نُقَدِّمُ؟ فَيَقُولُ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى ظَاهِرَةِ حَرَّتِنَا وَنَحْنُ مَعَهُ فَيَسْتَسْقِي فَوَاللهِ مَا يَقُومُ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ حَتَّى تُمَرَّ الشِّعَابُ قَدْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ لَا مَرَّتَيْنِ وَلَا ثَلَاثَةً فَحَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ مَا تَرَوْنَهُ أَخْرَجَنِي مِنْ أَرْضِ الْخَمْرِ وَالْخَمِيرِ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْبُؤْسِ وَالْجُوعِ؟ فَقُلْنَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَخْرَجَنِي أَتَوَقَّعُ خُرُوجَ نَبِيٍّ قَدْ أَظَلَّ زَمَانُهُ هَذِهِ الْبِلَادُ مُهَاجَرُهُ فَأَتَّبِعُهُ فَلَا تُسْبَقُنَّ إِلَيْهِ إِذَا خَرَجَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْفِكُ الدِّمَاءَ وَيَسْبِي الذَّرَارِيَّ وَالنِّسَاءَ مِمَّنْ خَالَفَهُ فَلَا يَمْنَعْكُمْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي افْتُتِحَتْ فِيهَا قُرَيْظَةُ قَالَ أُولَئِكَ الْفِتْيَةُ الثَّلَاثَةُ وَكَانُوا شُبَّانًا أَحْدَاثًا يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ لَلَّذِي كَانَ ذَكَرَ لَكُمُ ابْنُ الْهَيبَانِ قَالُوا مَا هُوَ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى وَاللهِ لَهُوَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ إِنَّهُ وَاللهِ لَهُوَ لِصِفَتِهِ ثُمَّ نَزَلُوا فَأَسْلَمُوا وَخَلَّوْا أَمْوَالَهَمْ وَأَوْلَادَهُمْ وَأَهَالِيَهُمْ قَالَ وَكَانَتْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ فِي الْحِصْنِ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَلَمَّا فُتِحَ رُدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ waged war against Thaqif. When he heard that, Sakhr mounted his horse and pursued the Prophet ﷺ , but he found that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had left and not conquered. So Sakhr made a covenant with Allah and pledged not to leave this palace until they descended upon the ruling of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He did not leave them until they descended upon the ruling of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . then Sakhr wrote to him: "O Messenger of Allah! Thaqif has descended upon your rule, and I am coming to them while they are on horses." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded a congregational prayer and supplicated for Ahmas ten times: "O Allah, bless Ahmas, his horses and men." The people came and Al-Mughirah spoke, saying: "O Messenger of Allah! My aunt was captured and she entered into what the Muslims entered into." So he called her and said: "O Sakhr! When the people become Muslims, they preserve their lives and their wealth. Return the captive to Al-Mughirah." So he returned her to him. The Prophet ﷺ asked: "Why didn't the people of Bani Sulaim who had apostated from Islam but left this water remained?" He replied: "O Messenger of Allah! Descend them upon me and my people." He said: "Yes." So he put them in and they became Muslims. They came to Sakhr and asked him to give them their water but he refused. So they came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah! We have become Muslims and we came to Sakhr to give us our water but he refused." So he called him and said: "O Sakhr! When the people become Muslims, they preserve their lives and their wealth. Return the water to the people." He said: "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." So it was narrated that the face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ changed colour, reflecting his shyness about receiving the maid and the water. As for the aunt of Al-Mughirah, if she became Muslim after she was captured, then it is as if her Islam was seen before the distribution. So she safeguards her wealth. It is also possible that she became Muslim before she was captured. And Allah knows best. This Sakhr is Ibn Al-Ayla. It was narrated by Al-Bukhari from Abu Nu'aim from Aban from Uthman bin Abi Hazim from Sakhr bin Al-Ayla. He did not attribute it to his father. It was also narrated in the story of Ria'at Al-Suhaymiyah, which is clearly indicated by the story of the aunt of Al-Mughirah. He became Muslim and then he said: "O Messenger of Allah! My family and my wealth!" He said: "As for your wealth, it has been divided among the Muslims, and as for your family, look to those among them whom you are able to overpower." So his son responded to him, and it is also possible that he distributed the spoils among the wealthy themselves, as he did with the captives of Hawazin and compensated the people with their share. And Allah knows best. The chain of narration of the two Hadith is not strong.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ غَزَا ثَقِيفًا فَلَمَّا أَنْ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ صَخْرٌ رَكِبَ فِي خَيْلٍ يَمُدُّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَوَجَدَ نَبِيَّ اللهِ ﷺ قَدِ انْصَرَفَ وَلَمْ يَفْتَحْ فَجَعَلَ صَخْرٌ حِينَئِذٍ عَهْدَ اللهِ وَذِمَّتَهُ أَنْ لَا يُفَارِقَ هَذَا الْقَصْرَ حَتَّى يَنْزِلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ يُفَارِقْهُمْ حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ صَخْرٌ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ ثَقِيفًا قَدْ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَأَنَا مُقْبِلٌ إِلَيْهِمْ وَهُمْ فِي خَيْلٍ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالصَّلَاةِ جَامِعَةً فَدَعَا لِأَحْمَسَ عَشْرَ دَعَوَاتٍ اللهُمَّ بَارِكْ لِأَحْمَسَ فِي خَيْلِهَا وَرِجَالِهَا وَأَتَاهُ الْقَوْمُ فَتَكَلَّمَ الْمُغِيرَةُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ صَخْرًا أَخَذَ عَمَّتِي وَدَخَلَتْ فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَدَعَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا صَخْرُ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا أَحْرَزُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ فَادْفَعْ إِلَى الْمُغِيرَةِ عَمَّتَهُ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَسَأَلَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لِبَنِي سُلَيْمٍ قَدْ هَرَبُوا عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَتَرَكُوا ذَاكَ الْمَاءَ؟ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَنْزِلْنِيهِ أَنَا وَقَوْمِي قَالَ نَعَمْ فَأَنْزَلَهُ وَأَسْلَمَ يَعْنِي السُّلَمِيِّينَ فَأَتَوْا صَخْرًا فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمَاءَ فَأَبَى فَأَتَوْا نَبِيَّ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَسْلَمْنَا وَأَتَيْنَا صَخْرًا لِيَدْفَعَ إِلَيْنَا مَاءَنَا فَأَبَى عَلَيْنَا فَدَعَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا صَخْرُ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا أَحْرَزُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَدِمَاءَهُمْ فَادْفَعْ إِلَى الْقَوْمِ مَاءَهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ فَرَأَيْتُ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَغَيَّرُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حُمْرَةً؛ حَيَاءً مِنْ أَخْذِهِ الْجَارِيَةَ وَأَخْذِهِ الْمَاءَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَالِاسْتِدْلَالُ وَقَعَ بِقَوْلِهِ ﷺ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ إِذَا أَسْلَمُوا أَحْرَزُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ وَدِمَاءَهُمْ فَأَمَّا اسْتِرْدَادُ الْمَاءِ عَنْ صَخْرٍ بَعْدَ مَا مَلَكَهُ بِتَمْلِيكِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِيَّاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بِاسْتِطَابَةِ نَفْسِهِ وَلِذَلِكَ كَانَ يَظْهَرُ فِي وَجْهِهِ أَثَرُ الْحَيَاءِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَأَمَّا عَمَّةُ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ أَسْلَمَتْ بَعْدَ الْأَخْذِ فَكَأَنَّهُ رَأَى إِسْلَامَهَا قَبْلَ الْقِسْمَةِ يُحْرِزُ مَالَهَا وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ إِسْلَامُهَا قَبْلَ الْأَخْذِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَصَخْرٌ هَذَا هُوَ ابْنُ الْعَيْلَةِ قَالَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ أَبَانَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي حَازِمٍ عَنْ صَخْرِ بْنِ الْعَيْلَةِ لَمْ يَقُلْ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَرُوِيَ فِي قِصَّةِ رِعْيَةَ السُّحَيْمِيِّ مَا دَلَّ عَلَيْهِ ظَاهِرُ قِصَّةِ عَمَّةِ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَإِنَّهُ أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي قَالَ أَمَّا مَالُكَ فَقَدْ قُسِمَ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَمَّا أَهْلُكَ فَانْظُرْ مَنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ابْنَهُ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّهُ اسْتَطَابَ أَنْفُسَ أَهْلِ الْغَنِيمَةِ كَمَا فَعَلَ فِي سَبْيِ هَوَازِنَ وَعَوَّضَ أَهْلَ الْخُمُسِ مِنْ نَصِيبِهِمْ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَإِسْنَادُ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ غَيْرُ قَوِيٍّ  

The Prophet ﷺ sent Khalid bin Al-Walid to the tribe of Jadhima and Khalid invited them to Islam but they could not express themselves by saying, "Aslamna (i.e. we have embraced Islam)," but they started saying "Saba'na! Saba'na (i.e. we have come out of one religion to another)." Khalid kept on killing (some of) them and taking (some of) them as captives and gave every one of us his Captive. When there came the day then Khalid ordered that each man (i.e. Muslim soldier) should kill his captive, I said, "By Allah, I will not kill my captive, and none of my companions will kill his captive." When we reached the Prophet, we mentioned to him the whole story. On that, the Prophet ﷺ raised both his hands and said twice, "O Allah! I am free from what Khalid has done." (Using translation from Bukhārī 4339)   

بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ إِلَى بَنِي جُذَيْمَةَ فَدَعَاهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَلَمْ يُحْسِنُوا أَنْ يَقُولُوا أَسْلَمْنَا فَقَالُوا صَبَأْنَا صَبَأْنَا وَجَعَلَ خَالِدٌ بِهِمْ قَتْلًا وَأَسْرًا قَالَ ثُمَّ دَفَعَ إِلَى كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا أَسِيرًا حَتَّى إِذَا أَصْبَحَ يَوْمًا أَمَرَنَا فَقَالَ لِيَقْتُلْ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْكُمْ أَسِيرَهُ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ؓ وَاللهِ لَا أَقْتُلُ أَسِيرِي وَلَا يَقْتُلُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِي أَسِيرَهُ قَالَ فَقَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ لَهُ مَا صَنَعَ خَالِدٌ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَبْرَأُ إِلَيْكَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ خَالِدٌ  

[Machine] Ishaq ibn Ibrahim.  

إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ  

"A man from Banu Sulaim who had some sheep with him, passed by some of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He gave Salam to them and they said: 'He did not give Salam except to protect himself.' So they attacked him, killed him, and took his sheep. They went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with them, and Allah, Most High, revealed: O you who believe! When you go in the cause of Allah, verify and say not to anyone who greets you: "You are not a believer (4:94)." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3030)   

مَرَّ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ عَلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ غَنَمٌ لَهُ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالُوا مَا سَلَّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا لِيَتَعَوَّذَ مِنْكُمْ فَعَمَدُوا إِلَيْهِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَخَذُوا غَنَمَهُ فَأَتَوْا بِهَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَتَبَيَّنُوا وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا} [النساء 94] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {كَذَلِكَ كُنْتُمْ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَمَنَّ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَتَبَيَّنُوا} [النساء 94]  

[Machine] "We have sent the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , to Itham. I went out with a group of Muslims, including Abu Qatadah al-Harith ibn Rabee' and Muhalim ibn Jaththamah. We went out until we reached the vicinity of Itham, when Amir ibn al-Adabat passed by us on his camel. When he passed by us, he greeted us with the Islamic greeting. We detained him and Muhalim ibn Jaththamah carried out the killing. We took his camel and what was with him, and then we went to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , and informed him of the news. Then the following Quranic verse was revealed to us: 'O you who have believed, when you go forth [to fight] in the cause of Allah, investigate and do not say to one who gives you [a greeting of] peace "You are not a believer"" [Al-Nisa 94] and it continued until the end of the verse."  

بَعَثَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى إِضَمٍ فَخَرَجْتُ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِيهِمْ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ رِبْعِيٍّ وَمُحَلِّمُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِبَطْنِ إِضَمٍ مَرَّ بِنَا عَامِرُ بْنُ الْأَضْبَطِ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَهُ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ عَلَيْنَا سَلَّمَ عَلَيْنَا بِتَحِيَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَأَمْسَكْنَا عَنْهُ وَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ مُحَلِّمُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَخَذَ بَعِيرَهُ وَمَا مَعَهُ فَقَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَخْبَرْنَاهُ الْخَبَرَ فَنَزَلَ فِينَا الْقُرْآنُ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَتَبَيَّنُوا وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا} [النساء 94] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ كَذَا  

[Machine] "That there was a man in a military expedition and he saw them while he was in a mountain, so he descended to them and greeted them, so they took him and killed him. Then the verse was revealed about him: 'And do not say to anyone who greets you with peace, "You are not a believer," seeking the goods of worldly life.'" [Quran 4:94] And the man they killed was 'Amir ibn al-Adibat al-Ashja'i."  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَرَآهُمْ رَجُلٌ وَهُوَ فِي جَبَلٍ فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَخَذُوهُ فَقَتَلُوهُ فَفِيهِ نَزَلَتْ {وَلَا تَقُولُوا لِمَنْ أَلْقَى إِلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامَ لَسْتَ مُؤْمِنًا تَبْتَغُونَ عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا} [النساء 94] وَالرَّجُلُ الَّذِي قَتَلُوهُ عَامِرُ بْنُ الْأَضْبَطِ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ  

[Machine] That his father and grandfather witnessed the Battle of Hunayn with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . They said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led the Zuhr prayer with them and then leaned against the shade of a tree. Al-Aqra' bin Habis and 'Uyaynah bin Badr approached him and began to argue about the blood of 'Amir bin al-Adabti al-Ashja'i. He had been killed by Muhalim bin Jaththamah bin Qays, and 'Uyaynah was seeking the blood money for 'Amir bin al-Adabti because he was from the Qays tribe, while al-Aqra' was defending Muhalim bin Jaththamah because he was from the Kindah tribe, and he was the leader of the Kindah tribe at that time. We heard 'Uyaynah say: "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I will not leave him until I make his wives taste the same heat that my wives have tasted." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "You will take fifty as blood money for our travel, and fifty when we return." But they refused. Then a man from Banu Layth called Muqaytil, who was short in stature, stood up. He had prepared himself for killing. He sat in front of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who asked him: "What is your name?" He said: "Muhalim bin Jaththamah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O Allah, do not forgive Muhalim bin Jaththamah, O Allah, do not forgive Muhalim bin Jaththamah, O Allah, do not forgive Muhalim bin Jaththamah." Then he said to him: "Get up." So he got up, wiping away his tears with his garment. As for us, we say among ourselves: "We hope that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has sought forgiveness for him. But he made this public in order to divert the people from each other." As for what appeared from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , this is what it means.  

أَنَّ أَبَاهُ وَجَدَّهُ شَهِدَا حُنَيْنًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَا صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ عَمَدَ إِلَى ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ الْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ وَعُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِي دَمِ عَامِرِ بْنِ الْأَضْبَطِ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ وَكَانَ قَتَلَهُ مُحَلِّمُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ فَعُيَيْنَةُ يَطْلُبُ بِدَمِ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ عَامِرِ بْنِ الْأَضْبَطِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ قَيْسٍ وَالْأَقْرَعُ بْنُ حَابِسٍ يَدْفَعُ عَنْ مُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ؛ لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ خِنْدِفَ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ سَيِّدُ خِنْدِفَ فَسَمِعْنَا عُيَيْنَةَ يَقُولُ وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَا أَدَعُهُ حَتَّى أُذِيقَ نِسَاءَهُ مِنَ الْحَرِّ مَا أَذَاقَ نِسَائِي وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ تَأْخُذُونَ الدِّيَةَ خَمْسِينَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا وَخَمْسِينَ إِذَا رَجَعْنَا وَهُوَ يَأْبَى فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي لَيْثٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ مُكَيْتِلٌ مَجْمُوعٌ قَصِيرٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ لِهَذَا الْقَتِيلِ فِي غُرَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا كَعِيرٍ وَرَدَتْ فَرُمِيَتْ أُولَاهَا فَنَفَرَتْ أُخْرَاهَا اسْنُنِ الْيَوْمَ وَغَيِّرْ غَدًا فَرَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ تَأْخُذُونَ الدِّيَةَ خَمْسِينَ فِي سَفَرِنَا هَذَا وَخَمْسِينَ إِذَا رَجَعْنَا فَقَبِلَهَا الْقَوْمُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ائْتُوا بِصَاحِبِكُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَاءُوا بِهِ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ آدَمُ طَوِيلٌ ضَرَبَ عَلَيْهِ حُلَّةً لَهُ قَدْ تَهَيَّأَ فِيهَا لِلْقَتْلِ فَجَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَا اسْمُكَ؟ فَقَالَ مُحَلِّمُ بْنُ جَثَّامَةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ لِمُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ اللهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ لِمُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ اللهُمَّ لَا تَغْفِرْ لِمُحَلِّمِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُ قُمْ فَقَامَ وَهُوَ يَتَلَقَّى دَمْعَهُ بِفَضْلِ رِدَائِهِ فَأَمَّا نَحْنُ فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا فَنَقُولُ إِنَّا لَنَرْجُو أَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَدِ اسْتَغْفَرَ لَهُ وَلَكِنْ أَظْهَرَ هَذَا لِيَنْزِعَ النَّاسُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ فَأَمَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هَذَا وَبِمَعْنَاهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent out a group, and they attacked a people. One man from the people fought back, and a man from the group followed him, brandishing a sword. The man from the people said, "I am a Muslim!" but the other did not pay attention to him and struck and killed him. The news reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said harsh words. The killer said, "By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, he did not say anything except seeking refuge from being killed." The Messenger of Allah turned away from him three times, then he approached him, and you could see anger on his face. Then he said, "Indeed, Allah has forbidden killing a believer." He repeated this statement three times. Yunus ibn Ubayd reported this narration from Humeid ibn Hilal.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً فَأَغَارُوا عَلَى قَوْمٍ فَشَذَّ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ فَاتَّبَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ السَّرِيَّةِ مَعَهُ السَّيْفُ شَاهِرٌ فَقَالَ الشَّاذُّ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ فَلَمْ يَنْظُرْ فِيهِ فَضَرَبَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَنُمِيَ الْحَدِيثُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ قَوْلًا شَدِيدًا فَقَالَ الْقَاتِلُ وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا قَالَ الَّذِي قَالَ إِلَّا تَعَوُّذًا مِنَ الْقَتْلِ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثَلَاثًا فَأَعَادَهُ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تُعْرَفُ الْمَسَاءَةُ فِي وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَبَى عَلَى مَنْ قَتَلَ مُؤْمِنًا قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا تَابَعَهُ يُونُسُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ  

Many deputations came to Mu'awiya. This was in the month of Ramadan. We would prepare food for one another. Abu Huraira was one of those who frequently invited us to his house. I said: Should I not prepare food and invite them to my place? So I ordered meals to be prepared Then I met Abu Huraira in the evening and said: (You will have) your meals with me tonight. He said: You have forestalled me. I said: Yes, and invited them. (When they had finished with the meals) Abu Huraira said: Should I not tell yon a tradition from your traditions, O ye assembly of the Ansar? He then gave an account of the Conquest of Mecca and said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ advanced until he reached Mecca. He deputed Zubair on his right flank and Khalid on the left, and he despatched Abu Ubaida with the force that had no armour. They advanced to the interior of the valley. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in the midst of a large contingent of fighters. He saw me and said: Abu Huraira. I said: I am here at your call, Messenger of Allah I He said: Let no one come to me except the Ansar, so call to me the Ansar (only). Abu Huraira continued: So they gathered round him. The Quraish also gathered their ruffians and their (lowly) followers, and said: We send these forward. If they get anything, we shall be with them (to share it), and if misfortune befalls them, we shall pay (as compensation) whatever we are asked for. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said (to the Ansar): You see the ruffians and the (lowly) followers of the Quraish. And he indicated by (striking) one of his hands over the other that they should be killed and said: Meet me at as-Safa. Then we went on (and) if any one of us wanted that a certain person should be killed, he was killed, and none could offer any resistance. Abu Huraira continued: Then came Abu Sufyan and said: Messenger of Allah, the blood of the Quraish has become very cheap. There will be no Quraish from this day on. Then he (the Holy Prophet) said: Who enters the house of Abu Sufyan, he will be safe. Some of the Ansar whispered among themselves: (After all), love for his city and tenderness towards his relations have overpowered him. Abu Huraira said: (At this moment) revelation came to the Prophet ﷺ and when he was going to receive the Revelation, we understood it, and when he was (actually) receiving it, none of us would dare raise his eyes to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until the revelation came to an end. When the revelation came to an end, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: O ye Assembly of the Ansar! They said: Here we are at your disposal, Messenger of Allah. He said: You were saying that love for his city and tenderness towards his people have overpowered this man. They said: So it was. He said: No, never. I am a bondman of God and His Messenger. I migrated towards God and towards you. I will live with you and will die with you. So, they (the Ansar) turned towards him in tears and they were saying: By Allah, we said what we said because of our tenacious attachment to Allah and His Messenger. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Surely, Allah and His Messenger testify to your assertions and accept your apology. The narrator continued: People turned to the house of Abu Sufyan and people locked their doors. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ proceeded until he approached the (Black) Stone. He kissed it and circumambulated the Ka'ba. He reached near an idol by the side of the Ka'ba which was worshipped by the people. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had a bow in his hand, and he was holding it from a corner. When he came near the idol, he began to pierce its eyes with the bow and (while doing so) was saying: Truth has been established and falsehood has perished. When he had finished the circumambulation, he came to Safa', ascended it to a height from where he could see the Ka'ba, raised his hands (in prayer) and began to praise Allah and prayed what he wanted to pray. (Using translation from Muslim 1780a)   

وَفَدَتْ وُفُودٌ إِلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ وَذَلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَكَانَ يَصْنَعُ بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ الطَّعَامَ فَكَانَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مِمَّا يُكْثِرُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَنَا إِلَى رَحْلِهِ فَقُلْتُ أَلَا أَصْنَعُ طَعَامًا وَأَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى رَحْلِي؟ فَأَمَرْتُ بِطَعَامٍ فَصُنِعَ ثُمَّ لَقِيتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ مِنَ الْعَشِيِّ فَقُلْتُ الدَّعْوَةُ عِنْدِي اللَّيْلَةَ قَالَ سَبَقْتَنِي؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَدَعَوْتُهُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ أَلَا أُعْلِمُكُمْ حَدِيثًا مِنْ حَدِيثِكُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ؟ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ فَتْحَ مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ أَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ فَبَعَثَ الزُّبَيْرَ عَلَى إِحْدَى الْمُجَنِّبَتَيْنِ وَبَعَثَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى الْمُجَنِّبَةِ الْأُخْرَى وَبَعَثَ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ عَلَى الْحُسَّرِ فَأَخَذُوا بَطْنَ الْوَادِي وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي كَتِيبَتِهِ فَنَظَرَ فَرَآنِي فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ قُلْتُ لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ فَنَدَبَ الْأَنْصَارَ فَقَالَ لَا يَأْتِينَا إِلَّا أَنْصَارِيٌّ فَأَطَافُوا بِهِ زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ قَالَ فَقَالَ اهْتِفْ بِالْأَنْصَارِ وَلَا تَأْتِنِي إِلَّا بِأَنْصَارِيٍّ قَالَ فَفَعَلْتُهُ قَالَ شَيْبَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَأَوْبَشَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَوْبَاشًا لَهَا وَأَتْبَاعًا فَقَالُوا نُقَدِّمُ هَؤُلَاءِ فَإِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ كُنَّا مَعَهُمْ وَإِنْ أُصِيبُوا أَعْطَيْنَا الَّذِي سُئِلْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَرَوْنَ إِلَى أَوْبَاشِ قُرَيْشٍ وَأَتْبَاعِهِمْ ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ بِيَدَيْهِ إِحْدَاهُمَا عَلَى الْأُخْرَى ثُمَّ قَالَ حَتَّى تُوَافُونِي بِالصَّفَا زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ احْصُدُوهُمْ حَصْدًا قَالَ شَيْبَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ وَانْطَلَقْنَا فَمَا شَاءَ أَحَدٌ مِنَّا أَنْ يَقْتُلَ أَحَدًا إِلَّا قَتَلَهُ وَمَا أَحَدٌ يُوَجِّهُ إِلَيْنَا شَيْئًا قَالَ فَجَاءَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُبِيحَتْ خَضْرَاءُ قُرَيْشٍ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ مَنْ أَلْقَى السِّلَاحَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ قَالَ شَيْبَانُ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ أَمَّا الرَّجُلُ فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ رَغْبَةٌ فِي قَرَابَتِهِ وَرَأْفَةٌ بِعَشِيرَتِهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ وَجَاءَ الْوَحْيُ وَكَانَ إِذَا جَاءَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْنَا فَإِذَا جَاءَ فَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يَرْفَعُ طَرْفَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى يَنْقَضِيَ الْوَحْيُ فَلَمَّا قُضِيَ الْوَحْيُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالُوا لَبَّيْكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ قُلْتُمْ أَمَّا الرَّجُلُ فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ رَغْبَةٌ فِي قَرَابَتِهِ قَالُوا قَدْ كَانَ ذَاكَ قَالَ كَلَّا إِنِّي عَبْدُ اللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ هَاجَرْتُ إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَيْكُمْ الْمَحْيَا مَحْيَاكُمْ وَالْمَمَاتُ مَمَاتُكُمْ فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَيْهِ يَبْكُونَ يَقُولُونَ وَاللهِ مَا قُلْنَا الَّذِي قُلْنَا إِلَّا الضِّنَّ بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ يُصَدِّقَانِكُمْ وَيَعْذِرَانِكُمْ فَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ إِلَى دَارِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَأَغْلَقَ النَّاسُ أَبْوَابَهُمْ وَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى أَقْبَلَ إِلَى الْحَجَرِ فَاسْتَلَمَهُ فَطَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَأَتَى إِلَى صَنَمٍ إِلَى جَنْبِ الْبَيْتِ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَهُ قَالَ وَفِي يَدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَوْسٌ وَهُوَ آخِذٌ بِسِيَةِ الْقَوْسِ فَلَمَّا أَتَى عَلَى الصَّنَمِ جَعَلَ يَطْعَنُ فِي عَيْنِهِ وَيَقُولُ {جَاءَ الْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ الْبَاطِلُ إِنَّ الْبَاطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا} [الإسراء 81] فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ طَوَافِهِ أَتَى الصَّفَا فَعَلَا عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى نَظَرَ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَجَعَلَ يَحْمَدُ اللهَ وَيَدْعُو بِمَا شَاءَ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ  

[Machine] The Prophet, ﷺ , when he entered Mecca, released Zubair ibn Al-Awwam, Abu Ubaidah ibn Al-Jarrah, and Khalid ibn Al-Walid on horses and said, "O Abu Huraira, call out to the Ansar." He said, "Follow this path, and no one will harm you unless you intend to harm them." And the Prophet, ﷺ , proclaimed, "O Quraish, there is no hostility after today." Then the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Whoever enters a house is safe, and whoever throws down their weapon is safe." And the swords of Quraish broke, so they entered the Ka'bah. The Prophet, ﷺ , circumambulated it and prayed behind the Station. Then he took hold of the door's edges and they came out, pledging allegiance to the Prophet, ﷺ , on Islam. Al-Qasim ibn Salam ibn Miskeen increased it with this chain of narration. He said, "Then they came to the Ka'bah, and the Prophet, ﷺ , took hold of two of its pillars and said, 'What do you say? What do you think?' They replied, 'We say that you are the son of a brother and the son of a cousin, forbearing and merciful.' He said, and they said it three times, 'I say as Yusuf said, 'There is no blame upon you today. May Allah forgive you, and He is the most merciful of the merciful.'''" He said, "Then they left as if they were being brought forth from their graves, and they entered Islam." 18276 Abu Bakr ibn Al-Muammal narrated to us, Abu Sa'id Al-Razi informed us, Muhammad ibn Ayyub informed us, and Al-Qasim ibn Salam mentioned it in what Al-Shafi'i reported from Abu Yusuf regarding this story. He said to them when they gathered in the Mosque, "What do you think I will do to you?" They replied, "You are a good, noble brother and the son of a noble brother." He said, "Go, for you are free." The sheikh said, "And indeed, he granted them the initial safety that was based on their acceptance. So when they accepted, he said, 'You are free,' meaning the initial safety. And Allah knows best."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ سَرَّحَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ وَأَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ وَخَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ وَقَالَ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ اهْتِفْ بِالْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ اسْلُكُوا هَذَا الطَّرِيقَ فَلَا يُشْرِفَنَّ لَكُمْ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَنَمْتُمُوهُ فَنَادَى مُنَادٍ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارًا فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ أَلْقَى السِّلَاحَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَعَمَدَ صَنَادِيدُ قُرَيْشٍ فَدَخَلُوا الْكَعْبَةَ فَغُصَّ بِهِمْ وَطَافَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَصَلَّى خَلْفَ الْمَقَامِ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِجَنْبَيِ الْبَابِ فَخَرَجُوا فَبَايَعُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ زَادَ فِيهِ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سَلَّامِ بْنِ مِسْكِينٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَى الْكَعْبَةَ فَأَخَذَ بِعِضَادَتَيِ الْبَابِ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُونَ وَمَا تَظُنُّونَ ؟ قَالُوا نَقُولُ ابْنُ أَخٍ وَابْنُ عَمٍّ حَلِيمٌ رَحِيمٌ قَالَ وَقَالُوا ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ يُوسُفُ {لَا تَثْرِيبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْيَوْمَ يَغْفِرُ اللهُ لَكُمْ وَهُوَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ} [يوسف 92] قَالَ فَخَرَجُوا كَأَنَّمَا نُشِرُوا مِنَ الْقُبُورِ فَدَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ 18276 أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْمُؤَمَّلِ أنبأ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الرَّازِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ أنبأ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ فَذَكَرَهُ وَفِيمَا حَكَى الشَّافِعِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُمْ حِينَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مَا تَرَوْنَ أَنِّي صَانِعٌ بِكُمْ؟ قَالُوا خَيْرًا أَخٌ كَرِيمٌ وَابْنُ أَخٍ كَرِيمٍ قَالَ اذْهَبُوا فَأَنْتُمُ الطُّلَقَاءُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَإِنَّمَا أَطْلَقَهُمْ بِالْأَمَانِ الْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي عَقَدَهُ عَلَى شَرْطِ قَبُولِهِمْ فَلَمَّا قَبِلُوهُ قَالَ أَنْتُمُ الطُّلَقَاءُ يَعْنِي بِالْأَمَانِ الْأَوَّلِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

Al-Abbas ibn AbdulMuttalib brought AbuSufyan ibn Harb to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the year of the conquest (of Mecca). So he embraced Islam at Marr az-Zahran. Al-Abbas said to him: Messenger of Allah, AbuSufyan is a man who likes taking this pride, if you may do something for him. He said: Yes, he who enters the house of AbuSufyan is safe, and he who closes his door is safe. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3021)   

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ جَاءَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ فَأَسْلَمَ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ هَذَا الْفَخْرَ فَلَوْ جَعَلْتَ لَهُ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ  

When the Prophet ﷺ alighted at Marr az-Zahran, al-Abbas said: I thought, I swear by Allah, if the Messenger of Allah ﷺ enters Mecca with the army by force before the Quraysh come to him and seek protection from him, it will be their total ruin. So I rode on the mule of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and thought, Perhaps I may find a man coming for his needs who will to the people of Mecca and inform them of the position of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so that they may come to him and seek protection from him. While I was on my way, I heard AbuSufyan and Budayl ibn Warqa' speaking. I said: O AbuHanzalah! He recognized my voice and said: AbulFadl? I replied: Yes. He said: who is with you, may my parents be a sacrifice for you? I said: Here are the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his people (with him). He asked: Which is the way out? He said: He rode behind me, and his companion returned. When the morning came, I brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he embraced Islam. I said: Messenger of Allah, AbuSufyan is a man who likes this pride, do something for him. He said: Yes, he who enters the house of AbuSufyan is safe; he who closes the door upon him is safe; and he who enters the mosque is safe. The people scattered to their houses and in the mosque. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3022)   

لَمَّا نَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ قُلْتُ وَاللهِ لَئِنْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ عَنْوَةً قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ إِنَّهُ لَهَلَاكُ قُرَيْشٍ فَجَلَسْتُ عَلَى بَغْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ لَعَلِّي أَجِدُ ذَا حَاجَةٍ يَأْتِي أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ فَيُخْبِرُهُمْ بِمَكَانِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لِيَخْرُجُوا إِلَيْهِ فَيَسْتَأْمِنُوهُ وَإِنِّي لَأَسِيرُ سَمِعْتُ كَلَامَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَبُدَيْلِ بْنِ وَرْقَاءَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا حَنْظَلَةَ فَعَرَفَ صَوْتِي قَالَ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ مَا لَكَ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي؟ قُلْتُ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَالنَّاسُ قَالَ فَمَا الْحِيلَةُ؟ قَالَ فَرَكِبَ خَلْفِي وَرَجَعَ صَاحِبُهُ فَلَمْ أُصْبِحْ غَدَوْتُ بِهِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْلَمَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ رَجُلٌ يُحِبُّ هَذَا الْفَخْرَ فَاجْعَلْ لَهُ شَيْئًا قَالَ نَعَمْ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ دَارَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ قَالَ فَتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ إِلَى دُورِهِمْ وَإِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ  

When Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out (towards Mecca) during the year of the Conquest (of Mecca) and this news reached (the infidels of Quraish), Abu Sufyan, Hakim bin Hizam and Budail bin Warqa came out to gather information about Messenger of Allah ﷺ , They proceeded on their way till they reached a place called Marr-az-Zahran (which is near Mecca). Behold! There they saw many fires as if they were the fires of ʿArafat. Abu Sufyan said, "What is this? It looked like the fires of ʿArafat." Budail bin Warqa' said, "Banu ʿAmr are less in number than that." Some of the guards of Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw them and took them over, caught them and brought them to Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abu Sufyan embraced Islam. When the Prophet ﷺ proceeded, he said to Al-Abbas, "Keep Abu Sufyan standing at the top of the mountain so that he would look at the Muslims. So Al-ʿAbbas kept him standing (at that place) and the tribes with the Prophet ﷺ started passing in front of Abu Sufyan in military batches. A batch passed and Abu Sufyan said, "O ʿAbbas Who are these?" ʿAbbas said, "They are (Banu) Ghifar." Abu Sufyan said, I have got nothing to do with Ghifar." Then (a batch of the tribe of) Juhaina passed by and he said similarly as above. Then (a batch of the tribe of) Saʿd bin Huzaim passed by and he said similarly as above. then (Banu) Sulaim passed by and he said similarly as above. Then came a batch, the like of which Abu Sufyan had not seen. He said, "Who are these?" ʿAbbas said, "They are the Ansar headed by Saʿd bin Ubada, the one holding the flag." Saʿd bin Ubada said, "O Abu Sufyan! Today is the day of a great battle and today (what is prohibited in) the Kaʿba will be permissible." Abu Sufyan said., "O ʿAbbas! How excellent the day of destruction is! "Then came another batch (of warriors) which was the smallest of all the batches, and in it there was Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions and the flag of the Prophet ﷺ was carried by Az-Zubair bin Al Awwam. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by Abu Sufyan, the latter said, (to the Prophet), "Do you know what Saʿd bin 'Ubada said?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "What did he say?" Abu Sufyan said, "He said so-and-so." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Saʿd told a lie, but today Allah will give superiority to the Kaʿba and today the Kaʿba will be covered with a (cloth) covering." Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered that his flag be fixed at Al-Hajun. Narrated ʿUrwa: Nafiʿ bin Jubair bin Mutʿim said, "I heard Al-Abbas saying to Az-Zubair bin Al- ʿAwwam, 'O Abu ʿAbdullah ! Did Messenger of Allah ﷺ order you to fix the flag here?' " Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered Khalid bin Al-Walid to enter Mecca from its upper part from Ka'da while the Prophet ﷺ himself entered from Kuda. Two men from the cavalry of Khalid bin Al-Wahd named Hubaish bin Al-Ash'ar and Kurz bin Jabir Al-Fihri were martyred on that day. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4280)   

لَمَّا سَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ قُرَيْشًا خَرَجَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَحَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ يَلْتَمِسُونَ الْخَبَرَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَقْبَلُوا يَسِيرُونَ حَتَّى أَتَوْا مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ فَإِذَا هُمْ بِنِيرَانٍ كَأَنَّهَا نِيرَانُ عَرَفَةَ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ مَا هَذِهِ؟ لَكَأَنَّهَا نِيرَانُ عَرَفَةَ فَقَالَ بُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ نِيرَانُ بَنِي عَمْرٍو قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ عَمْرٌو أَقَلُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَرَآهُمْ نَاسٌ مِنْ حَرَسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَدْرَكُوهُمْ فَأَخَذُوهُمْ وَأَتَوْا بِهِمْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْلَمَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ فَلَمَّا سَارَ قَالَ لِلْعَبَّاسِ احْبِسْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ عِنْدَ حَطْمِ الْخَيْلِ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ إِلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَحَبَسَهُ الْعَبَّاسُ فَجَعَلَتِ الْقَبَائِلُ تَمُرُّ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَمُرُّ كَتِيبَةً كَتِيبَةً عَلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَمَرَّتْ كَتِيبَةٌ قَالَ يَا عَبَّاسُ مَنْ هَذِهِ؟ قَالَ هَذِهِ غِفَارُ قَالَ مَا لِي وَلِغِفَارَ ثُمَّ مَرَّتْ جُهَيْنَةُ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ مَرَّتْ سَعْدُ بْنُ هُذَيْمٍ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ وَمَرَّتْ سُلَيْمٌ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَقْبَلَتْ كَتِيبَةٌ لَمْ يَرَ مِثْلَهَا قَالَ مَنْ هَذِهِ؟ قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَنْصَارُ عَلَيْهِمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ مَعَهُ الرَّايَةُ فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ الْيَوْمَ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْكَعْبَةُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَا عَبَّاسُ حَبَّذَا يَوْمُ الذِّمَارِ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ كَتِيبَةٌ وَهِيَ أَقَلُّ الْكَتَائِبِ فِيهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ وَرَايَةُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَعَ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ قَالَ أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ مَا قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ؟ قَالَ مَا قَالَ؟ قَالَ قَالَ كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ كَذَبَ سَعْدٌ وَلَكِنْ هَذَا يَوْمٌ يُعَظِّمُ اللهُ فِيهِ الْكَعْبَةَ وَيَوْمٌ تُكْسَى فِيهِ الْكَعْبَةُ قَالَ وَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُرْكَزَ رَايَتُهُ بِالْحَجُونِ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ فَأَخْبَرَنِي نَافِعُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ قَالَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ الْعَبَّاسَ يَقُولُ لِلزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ الْعَوَّامِ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ اللهِ هَهُنَا أَمَرَكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُرْكِزَ الرَّايَةَ قَالَ فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مَكَّةَ مِنْ كُدَى وَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ كَدَاءَ فَقُتِلَ مِنْ خَيْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ يَوْمَئِذٍ رَجُلَانِ حُبَيْشُ بْنُ الْأَشْعَرِ وَكُرْزُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ الْفِهْرِيُّ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of the conquest of Mecca, "Everyone has been granted safety except for these four: Ibn Khatal, Maqis bin Subaba al-Makhzumi, Abdullah bin Abi Sarh, and Ibn Nukhayz." As for Ibn Khatal, Az-Zubayr bin al-Awwam killed him. As for Abdullah bin Saad bin Abi Sarh, Uthman granted him safety, and he accepted Islam. They were foster brothers, so he was spared from being killed. Maqis bin Subaba was killed by his cousin, who had been named Laha, and Ali killed Ibn Nukhayz. Maqis also had two captive women, one of whom was killed, while the other was freed and accepted Islam. Sa'id bin Yarbua al-Makhzumi, the grandfather of Abu Jad, embraced Islam. Al-Qabbani narrated this, and in a hadith by Anas bin Malik, it is mentioned that Umm Sara, a slave woman of the Quraysh, ordered his killing. In another narration by Ibn Ishaq in Al-Maghazi, it is mentioned that Sara was a slave woman of some of the Bani Abd al-Muttalib, and she was one of those who harmed him in Mecca.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أُمِّنَ النَّاسُ إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةُ فَلَا يُؤَمَّنُونَ فِي حِلٍّ وَلَا حَرَمٍ ابْنُ خَطَلٍ وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ وَابْنُ نُقَيْذٍ فَأَمَّا ابْنُ خَطَلٍ فَقَتَلَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَاسْتَأْمَنَ لَهُ عُثْمَانُ ؓ فَأُومِنَ وَكَانَ أَخَاهُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ فَلَمْ يُقْتَلْ وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ قَتَلَهُ ابْنُ عَمٍّ لَهُ لَحًّا قَدْ سَمَّاهُ وَقَتَلَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ ابْنَ نُقَيذٍ وَقَيْنَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا لِمَقِيسٍ فَقُتِلَتْ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَأَفْلَتَتِ الْأُخْرَى وَأَسْلَمَتْ أَبُو جَدِّهِ سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَرْبُوعٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ قَالَهُ الْقَبَّانِيُّ وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فِيمَنْ أَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِ أُمُّ سَارَّةَ مَوْلَاةٌ لِقُرَيْشٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فِي الْمَغَازِي سَارَّةُ مَوْلَاةٌ لِبَعْضِ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَكَانَتْ مِمَّنْ يُؤْذِيهِ بِمَكَّةَ  

ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ مِنْ بَنِي الدِّيلِ أَغَارُوا عَلَى بَنِي كَعْبٍ وَهُمْ فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ قُرَيْشٍ وَكَانَ بَنُو كَعْبٍ فِي صُلْحِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ بَنُو نُفَاثَةَ فِي صُلْحِ قُرَيْشٍ فَأَعَانَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ بَنِي نُفَاثَةَ وَأَعَانَتْهُمْ قُرَيْشٌ بِالسِّلَاحِ وَالرَّقِيقِ فَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ رَكْبٌ مِنْ بَنِي كَعْبٍ حَتَّى أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرُوا لَهُ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُمْ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ خُرُوجِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَقِصَّةَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَأَبِي سُفْيَانَ حِينَ أَتَى بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ وَمَعَهُ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ وَحَكِيمٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ادْعُ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْأَمَانِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنِ اعْتَزَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فَكَفَّتْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ آمِنُونَ هُمْ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نَعَمْ مَنْ كَفَّ يَدَهُ وَأَغْلَقَ دَارَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ قَالُوا فَابْعَثْنَا نُؤَذِّنْ بِذَلِكَ فِيهِمْ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوا فَمَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَكَ يَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَدَارَكَ يَا حَكِيمُ وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَدَارُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِأَعْلَى مَكَّةَ وَدَارُ حَكِيمٍ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا تَوَجَّهَا ذَاهِبَيْنِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي لَا آمَنُ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ عَنْ إِسْلَامِهِ قَالَ رُدَّهُ حَتَّى يَقِفَ وَيَرَى جُنُودَ اللهِ مَعَكَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ عَبَّاسٌ فَحَبَسَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَغَدْرًا يَا بَنِي هَاشِمٍ؟ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ سَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّا لَسْنَا بِغُدُرٍ وَلَكِنْ لِي إِلَيْكَ حَاجَةٌ فَأَصْبِحْ حَتَّى تَنْظُرَ جُنُودَ اللهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ إِيقَافِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ حَتَّى مَرَّتْ بِهِ الْجُنُودُ قَالَ وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَخَيْلِهِمْ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مِنْ كَدَاءَ مِنْ أَعْلَى مَكَّةَ وَأَعْطَاهُ رَايَتَهُ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَغْرِزَهَا بِالْحَجُونِ وَلَا يَبْرَحَ حَيْثُ أَمَرَهُ يَغْرِزُهَا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ وَبَعَثَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فِيمَنْ كَانَ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ قُضَاعَةَ وَبَنِي سُلَيْمٍ وَنَاسًا أَسْلَمُوا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَغْرِزَ رَايَتَهُ عِنْدَ أَدْنَى الْبُيُوتِ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ وَبِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ بَنُو بَكْرٍ وَبَنُو الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَاةٍ وَهُذَيْلٌ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَحَابِيشِ قَدِ اسْتَنْصَرَتْ بِهِمْ قُرَيْشٌ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَكُونُوا بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فِي كَتِيبَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فِي مُقَدِّمَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَكُفُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَلَا يُقَاتِلُوا أَحَدًا إِلَّا مَنْ قَاتَلَهُمْ وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ أَرْبَعَةِ نَفَرٍ مِنْهُمْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ وَالْحَارِثِ بْنِ نُقَيْذٍ وَابْنِ خَطَلٍ وَمَقِيسِ بْنِ صُبَابَةَ وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ قَيْنَتَيْنِ لِابْنِ خَطَلٍ كَانَتَا تُغَنِّيَانِ بِهِجَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَمَرَّتِ الْكَتَائِبُ تَتْلُو بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا عَلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَحَكِيمٍ وَبُدَيْلٍ لَا يَمُرُّ عَلَيْهِمْ كَتِيبَةٌ إِلَّا سَأَلُوا عَنْهَا حَتَّى مَرَّتْ عَلَيْهِمْ كَتِيبَةُ الْأَنْصَارِ فِيهَا سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ فَنَادَى سَعْدٌ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ الْيَوْمَ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ فَلَمَّا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمَرْتَ بِقَوْمِكَ أَنْ يُقَتَّلُوا فَإِنَّ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ حِينَ مَرُّوا بِي نَادَانِي سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ الْيَوْمَ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ وَإِنِّي أُنَاشِدُكَ اللهَ فِي قَوْمِكَ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ فَعَزَلَهُ وَجَعَلَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ مَكَانَهُ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ مَعَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَسَارَ الزُّبَيْرُ بِالنَّاسِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِالْحَجُونِ وَغَرَزَ بِهَا رَايَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَانْدَفَعَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ فَلَقِيَهُ بَنُو بَكْرٍ فَقَاتَلُوهُ فَهُزِمُوا وَقُتِلَ مِنْ بَنِي بَكْرٍ قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَمِنْ هُذَيْلٍ ثَلَاثَةٌ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةٌ وَانْهَزَمُوا وَقُتِلُوا بِالْحَزْوَرَةِ حَتَّى بَلَغَ قَتْلُهُمْ بَابَ الْمَسْجِدِ وَفَرَّ فَضَضُهُمْ حَتَّى دَخَلُوا الدُّورَ وَارْتَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى الْجِبَالِ وَاتَّبَعَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِالسُّيُوفِ وَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ فِي أُخْرَيَاتِ النَّاسِ وَصَاحَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ حِينَ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ مَنْ أَغْلَقَ دَارَهُ وَكَفَّ يَدَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ هِنْدُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ وَهِيَ امْرَأَتَهُ قَبَّحَكَ اللهُ مِنْ طَلِيعَةِ قَوْمٍ وَقَبَّحَ عَشِيرَتَكَ مَعَكَ وَأَخَذَتْ بِلِحْيَةِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَنَادَتْ يَا آلَ غَالِبٍ اقْتُلُوا الشَّيْخَ الْأَحْمَقَ هَلَّا قَاتَلْتُمْ وَدَفَعْتُمْ عَنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ وَبِلَادِكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَبُو سُفْيَانُ وَيْحَكِ اسْكُتِي وَادْخُلِي بَيْتَكِ فَإِنَّهُ جَاءَنَا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَمَّا عَلَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثَنِيَّةَ كَدَاءَ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْبَارِقَةِ عَلَى الْجَبَلِ مَعَ فَضَضِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ ؟ فَقَالَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ نَظُنُّ أَنَّ خَالِدًا قُوتِلَ وَبُدِئَ بِالْقِتَالِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ بُدٌّ مِنْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ مَنْ قَاتَلَهُ وَمَا كَانَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لِيَعْصِيَكَ وَلَا لِيُخَالِفَ أَمْرَكَ فَهَبَطَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ فَأَجَازَ عَلَى الْحَجُونِ وَانْدَفَعَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ حَتَّى وَقَفَ بِبَابِ الْكَعْبَةِ وَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ قَالَ فِيهَا وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِخَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ لِمَ قَاتَلْتَ وَقَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ؟ فَقَالَ هُمْ بَدَؤُونَا بِالْقِتَالِ وَوَضَعُوا فِينَا السِّلَاحَ وَأَشْعَرُونَا بِالنَّبْلِ وَقَدْ كَفَفْتُ يَدِي مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَاءُ اللهِ ﷻ خَيْرٌ  

Muhammad bin Ja'far narrated to us, from Shu'bah, from Amr bin Murrah who said: "I asked Abu Ubaidah bin Abdullah: 'Did you remember anything from Abdullah?' He said, 'No'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 624)   

لَا