[Machine] Abu Bakr said, "You are not a disembarking person, nor am I a boarding person. I repent for my sins in the path of Allah." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Indeed, you will find a people who claim to have imprisoned themselves for the sake of Allah. Leave them, for they did not imprison themselves for Him. And you will find a people who have shaved off the hair around the middle of their heads. So strike the places they have shaved with the sword." Abu Bakr, I advise you with ten things: Do not kill a woman, a child, an elderly person, a feeble old man; do not cut down a fruit-bearing tree; do not destroy a inhabited place; do not harm a sheep or a camel except for food; do not burn a palm tree or drown it; do not untie what is tightly tied; and do not betray or deceive. Narrate from me about the incident of Zuhri from Saeed bin Musayyab from Abu Bakr As Siddiq, as he mentioned about the burning issue. Abu Bakr As Siddiq prepared an army, and Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan was appointed as the leader of an expedition to Sham, so he went along with him and mentioned the Hadith in a similar manner.  

لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ مَا أَنْتَ بِنَازِلٍ وَلَا أَنَا بِرَاكِبٍ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَ إِنَّكَ سَتَجِدُ قَوْمًا زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لِلَّهِ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لَهُ وَسَتَجِدُ قَوْمًا فَحَصُوا عَنْ أَوْسَاطِ رُءُوسِهِمْ مِنَ الشَّعْرِ فَاضْرِبْ مَا فَحَصُوا عَنْهُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَإِنِّي مُوصِيكَ بِعَشْرٍ لَا تَقْتُلَنَّ امْرَأَةً وَلَا صَبِيًّا وَلَا كَبِيرًا هَرِمًا وَلَا تَقْطَعَنَّ شَجَرًا مُثْمِرًا وَلَا تُخَرِّبَنَّ عَامِرًا وَلَا تَعْقِرَنَّ شَاةً وَلَا بَعِيرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلَةٍ وَلَا تَحْرِقَنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تُغَرِّقَنَّهُ وَلَا تَغْلُلْ وَلَا تَجْبُنْ وَرُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ كَمَا مَضَى فِي مَسْأَلَةِ التَّحْرِيقِ 18149 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ أنبأ رَوْحُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الشَّامِيِّ قَالَ جَهَّزَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ يَزِيدَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِعْثَةً إِلَى الشَّامِ أَمِيرًا فَمَشَى مَعَهُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمَعْنَاهُ  

[Machine] Yazeed, O Khalifah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , either you ride or you descend. He said, "I am not descending, nor am I riding. I count these sins for the sake of Allah, O Yazeed. Indeed, you will advance to lands in which you will be given various types of food, so invoke the name of Allah at the beginning and praise Him at the end. And indeed, you will find people who have isolated themselves in these monasteries, so leave them be, for it is not their fault that they have isolated themselves. And you will find people whom Satan has settled upon their heads, meaning the bishops, so strike their necks. Do not kill an elderly person, nor a woman, nor a child, nor destroy any structure, nor cut down a tree, unless it is for a benefit. Do not cripple a camel except for a benefit. Do not burn a palm tree, nor drown it, nor deceive, nor pretend, nor be cowardly, nor be deceitful, so that Allah may know who supports Him and His messengers in the unseen. Indeed, Allah is Powerful, Mighty." [Surah Al-Hadid (57:25)]. I entrust you to Allah and say goodbye to you in peace, then he left.  

يَزِيدُ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِمَّا أَنْ تَرْكَبَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أَنْزِلَ فَقَالَ مَا أَنْتَ بِنَازِلٍ وَمَا أَنَا بِرَاكِبٍ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ يَا يَزِيدُ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَقْدَمُونَ بِلَادًا تُؤْتَوْنَ فِيهَا بِأَصْنَافٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَسَمُّوا اللهَ عَلَى أَوَّلِهَا وَاحْمَدُوهُ عَلَى آخِرِهَا وَإِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا قَدْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الصَّوَامِعِ فَاتْرُكُوهُمْ وَمَا حَبَسُوا لَهُ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَسَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا قَدِ اتَّخَذَ الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ مَقَاعِدَ يَعْنِي الشَّمَامِسَةَ فَاضْرِبُوا تِلْكَ الْأَعْنَاقَ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا كَبِيرًا هَرِمًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا وَلِيدًا وَلَا تُخْرِبُوا عُمْرَانًا وَلَا تَقْطَعُوا شَجَرَةً إِلَّا لِنَفْعٍ وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ بَهِيمَةً إِلَّا لِنَفْعٍ وَلَا تَحْرِقُنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تُغَرِّقُنَّهُ وَلَا تَغْدِرْ وَلَا تُمَثِّلْ وَلَا تَجْبُنْ وَلَا تَغْلُلْ {وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ وَرُسُلَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ إِنَّ اللهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ} [الحديد 25] أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ اللهَ وَأُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ  

[Machine] "And he said to me, do you know why Abu Bakr made a distinction and ordered the killing of the Shammasah and prohibited the killing of the monks? So I said, I only see it as a means of restraining themselves. He said, yes, but the Shammasah engage in combat and fight without the monks, while the monks’ habit is to not fight. And Allah has said, 'And fight in the way of Allah those who fight you' [Al-Baqarah 190]."  

وَقَالَ لِي هَلْ تَدْرِي لِمَ فَرَّقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ الشَّمَامِسَةِ وَنَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ الرُّهْبَانِ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَا أُرَاهُ إِلَّا لِحَبْسِ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَجَلْ وَلَكِنَّ الشَّمَامِسَةَ يَلْقَوْنَ الْقِتَالَ فَيُقَاتِلُونَ دُونَ الرُّهْبَانِ وَإِنَّ الرُّهْبَانَ دَأْبُهُمْ أَنْ لَا يُقَاتِلُوا وَقَدْ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَقَاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ} [البقرة 190]  

[Machine] Indeed, you have departed as a warrior in the path of Allah, and I consider myself as accompanying you in this journey. Then he advised by saying: "Do not kill a child, a woman, an elderly person, a sick person, a monk. Do not cut down fruit-bearing trees, do not destroy buildings, do not slaughter a camel or a cow except for food. Do not drown palm trees and do not burn them."  

إِنَّكَ خَرَجْتَ غَازِيًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَإِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ فِي مَشْيِي هَذَا مَعَكَ ثُمَّ أَوْصَاهُ فَقَالَ لَا تَقْتُلُوا صَبِيًّا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا وَلَا مَرِيضًا وَلَا رَاهِبًا وَلَا تَقْطَعُوا مُثْمِرًا وَلَا تُخْرِبُوا عَامِرًا وَلَا تَذْبَحُوا بَعِيرًا وَلَا بَقَرَةً إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلٍ وَلَا تُغْرِقُوا نَخْلًا وَلَا تُحْرِقُوهُ  

[Machine] Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet ﷺ said, "March forth in the name of Allah and upon the religion of Allah's Messenger. Do not kill an elderly person, a child, a young child, or a woman. And do not exceed the bounds or withhold the spoils of war. And set things right and do good, for Allah loves those who do good."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ حَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْفِزْرِ حَدَّثَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللهِ وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ لَا تَقْتُلُوا شَيْخًا فَانِيًا وَلَا طِفْلًا وَلَا صَغِيرًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَضُمُّوا غَنَائِمَكُمْ وَأَصْلِحُوا وَأَحْسِنُوا إِنَّ اللهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say when sending an army, and in the narration of Ibn Abi Oweis, he said about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that when he sent his armies, he would say, 'Go forth in the name of Allah, fighting for the cause of Allah. Do not be treacherous, deceitful, greedy, or kill children or those in places of worship.' The narration of Al-Misri does not include his statement 'Do not be greedy,' and the rest is similar to it."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ جَيْشًا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ قَالَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ جُيُوشَهُ قَالَ اخْرُجُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ تُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ لَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا الْوِلْدَانَ وَلَا أَصْحَابَ الصَّوَامِعِ لَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْمِصْرِيِّ قَوْلُهُ وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَالْبَاقِي مِثْلُهُ  

[Machine] "In the name of Allah, start and mention the hadith which states: do not kill a young child, a woman, an elderly person, or deceive someone's trust. Do not cut down a tree, except for a tree that prevents you from fighting or blocks between you and the polytheists. Do not depict a human or an animal, and do not betray or cheat in this chain of narration, which is weak and has doubts about its evidences, despite the presence of some authentic narrations. And Allah knows best."  

انْطَلِقُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا طِفْلًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا وَلَا تُغَوِّرُنَّ عَيْنًا وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ شَجَرَةً إِلَّا شَجَرًا يَمْنَعُكُمْ قِتَالًا أَوْ يَحْجِزُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا بِآدَمِيٍّ وَلَا بَهِيمَةٍ وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تَغُلُّوا فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ إِرْسَالٌ وَضَعْفٌ وَهُوَ بِشَوَاهِدِهِ مَعَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْآثَارِ يَقْوَى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] He accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as a funeral procession for the people of Mu'tah until they reached Thaniyat al-Wada'. He stood there and the people stood around him. He said, "Attack in the name of Allah and fight the enemies of Allah and your enemies in Sham. You will find among them men who are isolated in their hermitages, so do not confront them. And you will also find others who act as devils, with shaved heads. Strike them with swords. Do not kill a woman, a breastfeeding infant, an elderly person, or a young boy. Do not cut down a tree or uproot a palm tree, and do not demolish a house. This is also forbidden and weak."  

خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُشَيِّعًا لِأَهْلِ مُؤْتَةَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ ثَنِيَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ فَوَقَفَ وَوَقَفُوا حَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ اغْزُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ فَقَاتِلُوا عَدُوَّ اللهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ بِالشَّامِ وَسَتَجِدُونَ فِيهِمْ رِجَالًا فِي الصَّوَامِعِ مُعْتَزِلِينَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا تَعَرَّضُوا لَهُمْ وَسَتَجِدُونَ آخَرِينَ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِي رُءُوسِهِمْ مَفَاحِصُ فَافْلِقُوهَا بِالسُّيُوفِ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا امْرَأَةً وَلَا صَغِيرًا ضَرَعًا وَلَا كَبِيرًا فَانِيًا وَلَا تَقْطَعُنَّ شَجَرَةً وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تَهْدِمُوا بَيْتًا وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] "He informed him that he had gone out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a battle that Khalid bin Al-Walid led. Then Rabaah and the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a dead woman who had been hit by the front of the army, so they stopped and looked at her, amazed by her beauty, until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ caught up with them on his camel. He said, 'Release the woman.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped by her and said, 'Look at her, she was not fighting.' He looked at the faces of the people and said to one of them, 'Indeed, Khalid bin Al-Walid is right, he should not kill offspring or non-combatants.' Al-Bukhari said, 'Rabaah bin Rabee' is the most authentic narrator, and whoever said "reed" is mistaken. Abu 'Isa said, 'This is his narration.'"  

أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَتِهِ فَمَرَّ رَبَاحٌ وَأَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مَقْتُولَةٍ مِمَّا أَصَابَتْهُ الْمُقَدِّمَةُ فَوَقَفُوا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهَا وَيَتَعَجَّبُونَ مِنْ خَلْقِهَا حَتَّى لَحِقَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ قَالَ فَفَرَّجُوا عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ فَوَقَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ هَا مَا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ تُقَاتَلُ قَالَ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ لِأَحَدِهِمْ الْحَقْ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فَلَا يَقْتُلَنَّ ذُرِّيَّةً وَلَا عَسِيفًا قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ رَبَاحُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ أَصَحُّ وَمَنْ قَالَ رِيَاحٌ فَهُوَ وَهِمٌ كَذَا قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the killing of Wasfa' and Asfa'.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ قَتْلِ الْوَصْفَاءِ وَالْعَسْفَاءِ  

[Machine] They prepare war for you.  

أَنْ يَنْصِبُوا لَكُمُ الْحَرْبَ  

[Machine] They did not kill the polytheists' merchants.  

كَانُوا لَا يَقْتُلُونَ تُجَّارَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ