58. Expeditions
٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , he said: Every betrayer will have a flag on the Day of Judgment and it will be said, "This is the treachery of so and so who betrayed him." This is mentioned in the sahih hadith of Shu'bah.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لِكُلِّ غَادِرٍ لِوَاءٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يُقَالُ هَذِهِ غَدْرَةُ فُلَانٍ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ
[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If a person offers security to another person and then kills him, then I am innocent of the killer, even if the one killed was a disbeliever."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَمَّنَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَتَلَهُ فَأَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْقَاتِلِ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَقْتُولُ كَافِرًا
[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ said: "When a man guarantees the life of another man, then kills him, he will be raised on the Day of Judgment carrying the banner of treachery, and I refrain from speaking about him."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَمَّنَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى دَمِهِ ثُمَّ قَتَلَهُ رُفِعَ لَهُ لِوَاءُ الْغَدْرِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَكَفَفْتُ عَنْهُ
[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Battle of Khaybar when a small group went out and captured a man who was herding sheep. They brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he spoke to him by the will of Allah. The man said to him, "I have believed in you and in what you have brought. But what about the sheep, O Messenger of Allah? They belong to the people, and there are ewes and pregnant sheep among them, and more than that." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Count their faces and let them return to their owners." So he took a handful of pebbles or soil, threw it on their faces, and they all returned to their owners. Then he moved forward towards the battle, and an arrow hit him, causing his death. He never prostrated to Allah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Take him to the hiding place." So he was taken to the hiding place of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished, he came to him and said, "The Islam of your companion is good. I entered upon him, and he has two wives from the celestial ones, and I did not write it except from the narration of Shurahbil ibn Saad, and they have spoken about it. It has also been narrated from Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar from his father as a mursal narration, and it has also been narrated from Abu Al-Aas ibn Ar-Rabi' with a similar story, but with a mursal chain.
كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ خَرَجَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ فَأَخَذُوا إِنْسَانًا مَعَهُ غَنَمٌ يَرْعَاهَا فَجَاؤُوا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَكَلَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ إِنِّي قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِكَ وَبِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْغَنَمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَإِنَّهَا أَمَانَةٌ وَهِيَ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّاةُ وَالشَّاتَانِ وَأَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ احْصِبْ وُجُوهَهَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَأَخَذَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ حَصْبَاءَ أَوْ تُرَابٍ فَرَمَى بِهِ وَجُوهِهَا فَخَرَجَتْ تَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ كُلُّ شَاةٍ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى الصَّفِّ فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً قَطُّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْخِلُوهُ الْخِبَاءَ فَأُدْخِلَ خِبَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ صَاحِبِكُمْ لَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ لَزَوْجَتَيْنِ لَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ لَمْ أَكْتُبْهُ مَوْصُولًا إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ ورُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُرْسَلًا وَرُوِي عَنْ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فِيهِ قِصَّةٌ شَبِيهَةٌ بِهَذِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا بِإِسْنَادٍ مُرْسَلٍ
[Machine] Abu Al-As ibn Ar-Rabi' was a trader who used to go to Sham (Syria). He was a trustworthy man and he had merchandise for the Quraysh with him. A caravan came his way and it was intercepted secretly by a group of the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ Companions. They took away his goods and brought them to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who distributed them among themselves. Abu Al-As went on until he reached Zainab (his wife), seeking her protection and asked her to intercede with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to return his money to him and what he had of other people's goods. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called those who intercepted the caravan and they answered him. Then he went out until he reached Makkah and he distributed among the people what he had of their goods. When he finished he said: "O assembly of Quraysh! Is there anyone among you to whom I owe anything which I have not returned?" They answered: "No, may Allah reward you with the best. You have been found trustworthy and generous." Abu Al-As said: "By Allah! I was not prevented from accepting Islam before I joined you except that I feared that you would think that I embraced Islam in order to take away your possessions. But I asseverate that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His slave and His Apostle." Ash-Shafi'i said in Al-Musnad: "If they secretly took hold of a person and did not feel secure about him nor recover anything from him, they are allowed to take from him the amount equal to the goods they had. They can cause corruption to his wealth and run away from him." The Shaykh said: "We have already reported the Hadith of Imran ibn Husain regarding the Muslim woman who took the she-camel and fled on it."
أَبُو الْعَاصِ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ تَاجِرًا إِلَى الشَّامِ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا مَأْمُونًا وَكَانَتْ مَعَهُ بَضَائِعُ لِقُرَيْشٍ فَأَقْبَلَ قَافِلًا فَلَقِيَهُ سَرِيَّةٌ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَاقُوا عِيرَهُ وَأَفْلَتَ وَقَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَا أَصَابُوا فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَتَى أَبُو الْعَاصِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ ؓ فَاسْتَجَارَ بِهَا وَسَأَلَهَا أَنْ تَطْلُبَ لَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَدَّ مَالِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ السَّرِيَّةَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ فَأَدَّى عَلَى النَّاسِ مَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ بَضَائِعِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ هَلْ بَقِيَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ مَعِي مَالٌ لَمْ أَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ؟ قَالُوا لَا فَجَزَاكَ اللهُ خَيْرًا قَدْ وَجَدْنَاكَ وَفِيًّا كَرِيمًا فَقَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا مَنَعَنِي أَنْ أُسْلِمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَقْدَمَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا تَخَوُّفًا أَنْ تَظُنُّوا أَنِّي إِنَّمَا أَسْلَمْتُ لِأَذْهَبَ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْمُسْلِمِ إِذَا أُسِرَ وَلَمْ يُؤَمِّنُوهُ وَلَمْ يَأْخُذُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُمْ آمِنُونَ مِنْهُ فَلَهُ أَخْذُ مَا قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَإِفْسَادُهُ وَالْهَرَبُ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ رَوَيْنَا حَدِيثَ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ؓ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ الَّتِي أَخَذَتِ النَّاقَةَ وَهَرَبَتْ عَلَيْهَا