58. Expeditions

٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ

58.125 [Machine] The captive is safe so they cannot be harmed in their wealth and themselves. Imam Shafi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: Because when they are given security, they are safe from him.

٥٨۔١٢٥ بَابُ الْأَسِيرِ يُؤَمَّنُ فَلَا يَكُونُ لَهُ أَنْ يَغْتَالَهُمْ فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: لِأَنَّهُمْ إِذَا أَمَّنُوهُ فَهُمْ فِي أَمَانٍ مِنْهُ.

bayhaqi:18421Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Fūrak > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar al-Aṣbahānī > Yūnus b. Ḥabīb > Abū Dāwud > Shuʿbah > al-Aʿmash > Abū Wāʾil > ʿAbdullāh

[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , he said: Every betrayer will have a flag on the Day of Judgment and it will be said, "This is the treachery of so and so who betrayed him." This is mentioned in the sahih hadith of Shu'bah.  

البيهقي:١٨٤٢١وَقَدْ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا شُعْبَةُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا وَائِلٍ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ ؓ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لِكُلِّ غَادِرٍ لِوَاءٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يُقَالُ هَذِهِ غَدْرَةُ فُلَانٍ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُعْبَةَ  

bayhaqi:18422Abū Bakr b. Fūrak > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar > Yūnus b. Ḥabīb > Abū Dāwud > Muḥammad b. Abān > al-Suddī > Rifāʿah b. Shaddād > ʿAmr b. al-Ḥamiq al-Khuzāʿī

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If a person offers security to another person and then kills him, then I am innocent of the killer, even if the one killed was a disbeliever."  

البيهقي:١٨٤٢٢وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبَانَ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ ؓ حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَمِقِ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ؓ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَمَّنَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ ثُمَّ قَتَلَهُ فَأَنَا بَرِيءٌ مِنَ الْقَاتِلِ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَقْتُولُ كَافِرًا  

bayhaqi:18423Abū Bakr b. Fūrak > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar > Yūnus b. Ḥabīb > Abū Dāwud > Qurrah b. Khālid > ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿUmayr > Rifāʿah b. Shaddād > Kunt

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ said: "When a man guarantees the life of another man, then kills him, he will be raised on the Day of Judgment carrying the banner of treachery, and I refrain from speaking about him."  

البيهقي:١٨٤٢٣وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ فُورَكٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا قُرَّةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ شَدَّادٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ أُبْطِنُ شَيْئًا بِالْمُخْتَارِ يَعْنِي الْكَذَّابَ قَالَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ دَخَلْتَ وَقَدْ قَامَ جِبْرِيلُ قَبْلُ مِنْ هَذَا الْكُرْسِيِّ قَالَ فَأَهْوَيْتُ إِلَى قَائِمِ السَّيْفِ فَقُلْتُ مَا أَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ أَمْشِيَ بَيْنَ رَأْسِ هَذَا وَجَسَدِهِ حَتَّى ذَكَرْتُ حَدِيثًا حَدَّثَنِيهِ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَمِقِ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ؓ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَمَّنَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ عَلَى دَمِهِ ثُمَّ قَتَلَهُ رُفِعَ لَهُ لِوَاءُ الْغَدْرِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَكَفَفْتُ عَنْهُ  

bayhaqi:18424Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Aḥmad b. Muḥammad al-ʿAnazī > ʿUthmān b. Saʿīd al-Dārimī > Aḥmad b. Ṣāliḥ > Ibn Wahb > Ḥaywah b. Shurayḥ > Ibn al-Hād > Shuraḥbīl b. Saʿd > Jābir b. ʿAbdullāh

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Battle of Khaybar when a small group went out and captured a man who was herding sheep. They brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he spoke to him by the will of Allah. The man said to him, "I have believed in you and in what you have brought. But what about the sheep, O Messenger of Allah? They belong to the people, and there are ewes and pregnant sheep among them, and more than that." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Count their faces and let them return to their owners." So he took a handful of pebbles or soil, threw it on their faces, and they all returned to their owners. Then he moved forward towards the battle, and an arrow hit him, causing his death. He never prostrated to Allah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Take him to the hiding place." So he was taken to the hiding place of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished, he came to him and said, "The Islam of your companion is good. I entered upon him, and he has two wives from the celestial ones, and I did not write it except from the narration of Shurahbil ibn Saad, and they have spoken about it. It has also been narrated from Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar from his father as a mursal narration, and it has also been narrated from Abu Al-Aas ibn Ar-Rabi' with a similar story, but with a mursal chain.  

البيهقي:١٨٤٢٤أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَنَزِيُّ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي حَيْوَةُ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ الْهَادِ عَنْ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ ؓ قَالَ

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ خَرَجَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ فَأَخَذُوا إِنْسَانًا مَعَهُ غَنَمٌ يَرْعَاهَا فَجَاؤُوا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَكَلَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ إِنِّي قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِكَ وَبِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْغَنَمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَإِنَّهَا أَمَانَةٌ وَهِيَ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّاةُ وَالشَّاتَانِ وَأَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ احْصِبْ وُجُوهَهَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَأَخَذَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ حَصْبَاءَ أَوْ تُرَابٍ فَرَمَى بِهِ وَجُوهِهَا فَخَرَجَتْ تَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ كُلُّ شَاةٍ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى الصَّفِّ فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً قَطُّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْخِلُوهُ الْخِبَاءَ فَأُدْخِلَ خِبَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ صَاحِبِكُمْ لَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ لَزَوْجَتَيْنِ لَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ لَمْ أَكْتُبْهُ مَوْصُولًا إِلَّا مِنْ حَدِيثِ شُرَحْبِيلَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ ورُوِيَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ مُرْسَلًا وَرُوِي عَنْ أَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ الرَّبِيعِ فِيهِ قِصَّةٌ شَبِيهَةٌ بِهَذِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا بِإِسْنَادٍ مُرْسَلٍ  

bayhaqi:18425Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār > Yūnus b. Bukayr > Ibn Isḥāq > ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Bakr b. Muḥammad b. ʿAmr b. Ḥazm > Kharaj Abū

[Machine] Abu Al-As ibn Ar-Rabi' was a trader who used to go to Sham (Syria). He was a trustworthy man and he had merchandise for the Quraysh with him. A caravan came his way and it was intercepted secretly by a group of the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ Companions. They took away his goods and brought them to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who distributed them among themselves. Abu Al-As went on until he reached Zainab (his wife), seeking her protection and asked her to intercede with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to return his money to him and what he had of other people's goods. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called those who intercepted the caravan and they answered him. Then he went out until he reached Makkah and he distributed among the people what he had of their goods. When he finished he said: "O assembly of Quraysh! Is there anyone among you to whom I owe anything which I have not returned?" They answered: "No, may Allah reward you with the best. You have been found trustworthy and generous." Abu Al-As said: "By Allah! I was not prevented from accepting Islam before I joined you except that I feared that you would think that I embraced Islam in order to take away your possessions. But I asseverate that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His slave and His Apostle." Ash-Shafi'i said in Al-Musnad: "If they secretly took hold of a person and did not feel secure about him nor recover anything from him, they are allowed to take from him the amount equal to the goods they had. They can cause corruption to his wealth and run away from him." The Shaykh said: "We have already reported the Hadith of Imran ibn Husain regarding the Muslim woman who took the she-camel and fled on it."  

البيهقي:١٨٤٢٥أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ قَالَ خَرَجَ

أَبُو الْعَاصِ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ تَاجِرًا إِلَى الشَّامِ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا مَأْمُونًا وَكَانَتْ مَعَهُ بَضَائِعُ لِقُرَيْشٍ فَأَقْبَلَ قَافِلًا فَلَقِيَهُ سَرِيَّةٌ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَاقُوا عِيرَهُ وَأَفْلَتَ وَقَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَا أَصَابُوا فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَأَتَى أَبُو الْعَاصِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ ؓ فَاسْتَجَارَ بِهَا وَسَأَلَهَا أَنْ تَطْلُبَ لَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَدَّ مَالِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ السَّرِيَّةَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ فَأَدَّى عَلَى النَّاسِ مَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ بَضَائِعِهِمْ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ هَلْ بَقِيَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ مَعِي مَالٌ لَمْ أَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ؟ قَالُوا لَا فَجَزَاكَ اللهُ خَيْرًا قَدْ وَجَدْنَاكَ وَفِيًّا كَرِيمًا فَقَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا مَنَعَنِي أَنْ أُسْلِمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ أَقْدَمَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِلَّا تَخَوُّفًا أَنْ تَظُنُّوا أَنِّي إِنَّمَا أَسْلَمْتُ لِأَذْهَبَ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْمُسْلِمِ إِذَا أُسِرَ وَلَمْ يُؤَمِّنُوهُ وَلَمْ يَأْخُذُوا عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُمْ آمِنُونَ مِنْهُ فَلَهُ أَخْذُ مَا قَدَرَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَإِفْسَادُهُ وَالْهَرَبُ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ رَوَيْنَا حَدِيثَ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ؓ فِي الْمَرْأَةِ الْمُسْلِمَةِ الَّتِي أَخَذَتِ النَّاقَةَ وَهَرَبَتْ عَلَيْهَا