58. Expeditions

٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ

58.126 [Machine] The captives seek help from the polytheists to fight against the polytheists. Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: It has been said that they were fought by Zubayr and his companions in the land of Abyssinia, polytheists fighting against polytheists. If someone were to say that he refrains from fighting them for certain reasons mentioned by Al-Shafi'i, it would be a valid viewpoint. We do not know if the news of Zubayr is substantiated. Even if it were substantiated, Al-Najashi, being a Muslim, would have believed in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and prayed for him.

٥٨۔١٢٦ بَابُ الْأَسِيرِ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَى قِتَالِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: قَدْ قِيلَ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ، قَدْ قَاتَلَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَأَصْحَابٌ لَهُ بِبِلَادِ الْحَبَشَةِ مُشْرِكِينَ عَنْ مُشْرِكِينَ , وَلَوْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ: يَمْتَنِعُ عَنْ قِتَالِهِمْ لِمَعَانٍ ذَكَرَهَا الشَّافِعِيُّ كَانَ مَذْهَبًا , وَلَا نَعْلَمُ خَبَرَ الزُّبَيْرِ يَثْبُتُ , وَلَوْ ثَبَتَ كَانَ النَّجَاشِيُّ مُسْلِمًا كَانَ آمَنَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ.

bayhaqi:18426Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār > Yūnus b. Bukayr > Ibn Isḥāq > al-Zuhrī > Abū Bakr b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. al-Ḥārith b. Hishām > Um Salamah Zawj

[Machine] The Prophet's wife said when Mecca became too narrow for us, she mentioned the story of their migration to the land of Abyssinia and how Quraish sent 'Amr ibn Al-Aas and 'Abdullah ibn Abu Rabiah to Negus to have them expelled from his land and handed over to them. She also mentioned the story of Ja'far ibn Abi Talib and his companions seeking refuge with Negus. Negus asked them if they had anything from the Quran with them, and Ja'far read a portion of Surah Maryam to him. Negus and his bishops were moved to tears by the recitation. Then Negus said, "Indeed, this speech originates from the same source as that which was brought by Moses. You are free to go, guided." She then mentioned the story of their encounter with the Christians from Najran who came to argue with the Prophet about Jesus. When they came to argue, the Prophet asked them what they said about Jesus, and Ja'far replied, "We say that he is the servant of Allah, His Messenger, His Word which He bestowed on Maryam and a spirit from Him." Negus became so moved by his words that he took a stick and traced a line on the ground, saying, "By Allah, Jesus son of Mary did not go beyond what you have said." She went on to mention that while they were in Abyssinia, a man from Abyssinia challenged their leader in authority, and they sought the help of Allah and asked for His support against him. The man was defeated, killed, and Negus was victorious. The wife of the Prophet said that when the news reached them, Zubair, who was one of the youngest companions, blew on a knot in his garment, tied it to his chest, and entered the Nile, swimming until he reached the other side where the people had gathered. He then untied the knot and said, "Rejoice, for Allah has granted victory to Negus!" She concluded that they were never happier about anything as they were happy about the victory of Negus.  

البيهقي:١٨٤٢٦أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي الزُّهْرِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ

ؓ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ لَمَّا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْنَا مَكَّةُ فَذَكَرَتِ الْحَدِيثَ فِي هِجْرَتِهِمْ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ بِعْثَةِ قُرَيْشٍ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ وَعَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أَبِي رَبِيعَةَ إِلَى النَّجَاشِيِّ لِيُخْرِجَهُمْ مِنْ بِلَادِهِ وَيَرُدَّهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ دُخُولِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ ؓ عَلَى النَّجَاشِيِّ قَالَ فَقَالَ النَّجَاشِيُّ هَلْ مَعَكُمْ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا جَاءَ بِهِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَعْفَرٌ نَعَمْ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ صَدْرًا مِنْ كهيعص فَبَكَى وَاللهِ النَّجَاشِيُّ حَتَّى أَخْضَلَ لِحْيَتَهُ وَبَكَتْ أَسَاقِفَتُهُ حَتَّى أَخْضَلُوا مَضَاجِعَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ لَيَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمِشْكَاةِ الَّتِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَى انْطَلِقُوا رَاشِدِينَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي تَصْوِيرِهِمَا لَهُ أَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ وَعِنْدَهُ بَطَارِقَتُهُ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ جَعْفَرٌ نَقُولُ هُوَ عَبْدُ اللهِ وَرَسُولُهُ وَكَلِمَتُهُ وَرُوحُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَى مَرْيَمَ الْعَذْرَاءِ الْبَتُولِ فَدَلَّى النَّجَاشِيُّ يَدَهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَأَخَذَ عُوَيْدًا بَيْنَ أُصْبُعَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا عَدَا عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَا قُلْتَ هَذَا الْعُوَيْدَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَتْ فَلَمْ يَنْشَبْ أَنْ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْحَبَشَةِ يُنَازِعُهُ فِي مُلْكِهِ فَوَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُنَا حَزِنَّا حُزْنًا قَطُّ كَانَ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُ فَرَقًا مِنْ أَنْ يَظْهَرَ ذَلِكَ الْمَلِكُ عَلَيْهِ فَيَأْتِي مَلِكٌ لَا يَعْرِفُ مِنْ حَقِّنَا مَا كَانَ يَعْرِفُ فَجَعَلْنَا نَدْعُو اللهَ وَنَسْتَنْصِرُهُ لِلنَّجَاشِيِّ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ سَائِرًا فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ مَنْ رَجُلٌ يَخْرُجُ فَيَحْضُرُ الْوَقْعَةَ حَتَّى يَنْظُرَ عَلَى مَنْ تَكُونُ؟ فَقَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ ؓ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا أَنَا فَنَفَخُوا لَهُ قِرْبَةً فَجَعَلَهَا فِي صَدْرِهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَسْبَحُ عَلَيْهَا فِي النِّيلِ حَتَّى خَرَجَ مِنَ الشِّقَّةِ الْأُخْرَى إِلَى حَيْثُ الْتَقَى النَّاسُ فَحَضَرَ الْوَقْعَةَ وَهَزَمَ اللهُ ذَلِكَ الْمَلِكَ وَقَتْلَهُ وَظَهَرَ النَّجَاشِيُّ عَلَيْهِ فَجَاءَنَا الزُّبَيْرُ ؓ فَجَعَلَ يُلِيحُ إِلَيْنَا بِرِدَائِهِ وَيَقُولُ أَلَا أَبْشِرُوا فَقَدْ أَظْهَرَ اللهُ النَّجَاشِيَّ فَوَاللهِ مَا فَرِحْنَا بِشَيْءٍ فَرَحَنَا بِظُهُورِ النَّجَاشِيِّ