58. Expeditions

٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ

58.28 [Machine] Who starts his jihad from among the polytheists? Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "Allah, may He be blessed and exalted, said: {Fight those who fight against you among the disbelievers} [At-Tawbah: 123].

٥٨۔٢٨ بَابُ مَنْ يُبْدَأُ بِجِهَادِهِ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ: " قَالَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: {قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُمْ مِنَ الْكُفَّارِ} [التوبة: 123].

bayhaqi:17881Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār > Yūnus b. Bukayr > Ibn Isḥāq

[Machine] Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prepared for war and carried out what Allah had commanded him of jihad against his enemies and fighting those who were ordered by him, among the polytheists of the Arabs. Al-Shafi'i said, "If the conditions of the enemy differ, some being more stubborn or more fearful than others, the Imam (leader) should start with the enemy who is most fearful or stubborn, even if his territory is farther, if Allah wills. And this should be considered a necessity." He also reported that the Prophet ﷺ heard about Harith ibn Abi Dirar gathering weapons, so the Prophet ﷺ became jealous and considered him an enemy closer than others.  

البيهقي:١٧٨٨١أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ

ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ تَهَيَّأَ لِلْحَرْبِ فَقَامَ فِيمَا أَمَرَ اللهُ ﷻ مِنْ جِهَادِ عَدُوِّهِ وَقِتَالِ مَنْ أَمَرَهُ بِهِ مِمَّنْ يَلِيهِ مِنْ مُشْرِكِي الْعَرَبِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَإِنِ اخْتَلَفَ حَالُ الْعَدُوِّ فَكَانَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنْكَى مِنْ بَعْضٍ أَوْ أَخْوَفَ مِنْ بَعْضٍ فَلْيَبْدَأ الْإِمَامُ بِالْعَدُوِّ الْأَخْوَفِ أَوِ الْأَنْكَى وَإِنْ كَانَتْ دَارُهُ أَبْعَدَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ وَتَكُونُ هَذِهِ بِمَنْزِلَةِ ضَرُورَةٍ قَالَ وَقَدْ بَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ أَنَّهُ يَجْمَعُ لَهُ فَأَغَارَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِ وَقُرْبَهُ عَدُوٌّ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُ  

bayhaqi:17882Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās > Aḥmad b. ʿAbd al-Jabbār > Yūnus b. Bukayr > Ibn Isḥāq > Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá b. Ḥibbān And ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah Waʿabd Allāh b. Abū Bakr

[Machine] The Prophet (PBUH) was informed that Bani Mustaliq were gathering and their leader was Harith bin Abi Dirar, the father of Juwairiyah, the wife of the Prophet (PBUH). So the Prophet (PBUH) set out until he reached a place called Muraysi' where there was water from the well of Bani Mustaliq. They prepared for the Prophet (PBUH) and the people crowded and fighting broke out. Allah gave victory to the Muslims over Bani Mustaliq, and those who were killed from them were killed. The Prophet (PBUH) took their children, wealth, and women as spoils of war and settled them in Qudaydah until they reached the coast. Ibn Ishaq said that the Prophet (PBUH) attacked it in the month of Sha'ban in the year six.  

البيهقي:١٧٨٨٢أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ حِبَّانَ وَعَاصِمُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ يَجْمَعُونَ لَهُ وَقَائِدُهُمُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ أَبُو جُوَيْرِيَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِالْمُرَيْسِيعِ مَاءٌ مِنْ مِيَاهِ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ فَأَعَدُّوا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَتَزَاحَفَ النَّاسُ فَاقْتَتَلُوا فَهَزَمَ اللهُ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَقُتِلَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ وَنَفَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَنِسَاءَهُمْ وأَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ قُدَيْدٍ إِلَى السَّاحِلِ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ غَزَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ  

bayhaqi:17883Abū Naṣr ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. Qatādah And ʾAbū Bakr Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm al-Fārisī > Abū ʿAmr b. Maṭar > Ibrāhīm b. ʿAlī > Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá > Sulaym b. Akhḍar > Ibn ʿAwn > Katabt > Nāfiʿ Asʾaluh > al-Duʿāʾ Qabl al-Qitāl

[Machine] So he wrote: "Indeed, that happened in the early days of Islam, when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was jealous of the Banu Mustaliq tribe, while they were watering their livestock. He killed their warriors, captured their captives, and on that day he had what I believe was Juwayriyah bint al-Harith narrate this incident to me. Abdullah ibn Umar was in that army."  

البيهقي:١٧٨٨٣أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْفَارِسِيُّ قَالَا أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ مَطَرٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى أنبأ سُلَيْمُ بْنُ أَخْضَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ قَالَ كَتَبْتُ إِلَى نَافِعٍ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنِ الدُّعَاءِ قَبْلَ الْقِتَالِ قَالَ

فَكَتَبَ إِنَّمَا كَانَ ذَاكَ فِي أَوَّلِ الْإِسْلَامِ قَدْ أَغَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَهُمْ غَارُّونَ وَأَنْعَامُهُمْ تُسْقَى عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَقَتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَسَبَى سَبْيَهُمْ وَأَصَابَ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ حَدَّثَنِي بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَكَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْجَيْشِ  

رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبَلَغَهُ أَنَّ خَالِدَ بْنَ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ نُبَيْحٍ يَجْمَعُ لَهُ فَأَرْسَلَ ابْنَ أُنَيْسٍ فَقَتَلَهُ وَقُرْبَهُ عَدُوٌّ أَقْرَبُ مِنْهُ
bayhaqi:17884Muḥammad b. Bakr > Abū Dāwud > ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAmr Abū Maʿmar > ʿAbd al-Wārith > Muḥammad b. Isḥāq > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > Ibn ʿAbdullāh b. Unays from his father

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Khalid b. Sufyan al-Hudhail. This was towards 'Uranah and 'Arafat. He (the Prophet) said: Go and kill him. I saw him when the time of the afternoon prayer had come. I said: I am afraid if a fight takes place between me and him (Khalid b. Sufyan), that might delay the prayer. I proceeded walking towards him while I was praying by making a sign. When I reached near him, he said to me: Who are you ? I replied: A man from the Arabs; it came to me that you were gathering (any army) for this man (i.e. Prophet). Hence I came to you in connection with this matter. He said: I am (engaged) in this (work). I then walked along with him for a while ; when it became convenient for me, I dominated him with my sword until he became cold (dead). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1249)   

البيهقي:١٧٨٨٤أَخْبَرْنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَبُو مَعْمَرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُنَيْسٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ

بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ الْهُذَلِيِّ وَكَانَ نَحْوَ عُرَنَةَ وَعَرَفَاتٍ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاقْتُلْهُ قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُهُ وَحَضَرَتْ صَلَاةُ الْعَصْرِ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي لَأَخَافُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ مَا أَنْ أُؤَخِّرَ الصَّلَاةَ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَمْشِي وَأَنَا أُصَلِّي أُومِي إِيمَاءً نَحْوَهُ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ قَالَ لِي مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قُلْتُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تَجْمَعُ لِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ فَجِئْتُكَ فِي ذَاكَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَفِي ذَاكَ فَمَشَيْتُ مَعَهُ سَاعَةً حَتَّى إِذَا أَمْكَنَنِي عَلَوْتُهُ بِسَيْفِي حَتَّى بَرَكَ