58. Expeditions

٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ

58.14 [Machine] The Origin of the Obligation of Jihad Allah, may His praise be exalted, said: "Fighting has been enjoined upon you while it is hateful to you. But perhaps you hate a thing and it is good for you; and perhaps you love a thing and it is bad for you. And Allah knows, while you know not." [Surah Al-Baqarah: 216]. Along with what is mentioned in it, regarding the obligation of jihad in other verses in the Quran.

٥٨۔١٤ بَابُ أَصْلِ فَرْضِ الْجِهَادِ قَالَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ: {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ كُرْهٌ لَكُمْ وَعَسَى أَنْ تَكْرَهُوا شَيْئًا وَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ وَعَسَى أَنْ تُحِبُّوا شَيْئًا وَهُوَ شَرٌّ لَكُمْ} [البقرة: 216]، مَعَ مَا ذُكِرَ فِيهِ فَرْضُ الْجِهَادِ مِنْ سَائِرِ الْآيَاتِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ

bayhaqi:17794Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Fūrak > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar b. Aḥmad al-Aṣbahānī > Yūnus b. Ḥabīb > Abū Dāwud al-Ṭayālisī > Hishām > Qatādah > Muṭarrif b. ʿAbdullāh b. al-Shikhhīr > ʿIyāḍ b. Ḥimār al-Mujāshiʿī > Nabī Allāh ﷺ

[Machine] One day during his sermon, he said, "Verily, my Lord has commanded me to teach you what you are ignorant of from what He has taught me on this day." He then mentioned the conversation and said, "O Muhammad, indeed I have sent you to be tested and to test others through you. And I have revealed a book upon you that cannot be washed away by water, and you can recite it while asleep or awake. And indeed, Allah has commanded me to destroy the Quraysh, so I said, 'O Lord, if I do so, they will put my head on a loaf of bread.' He said, 'Remove them as they removed you, and hurt them as they hurt you. And spend, and we shall spend on you. And send an army, and we shall send five times their number.' And fight those who obey you and those who disobey you." He then mentioned the conversation.  

البيهقي:١٧٧٩٤أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ ثنا هِشَامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ مُطَرِّفِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الشِّخِّيرِ عَنْ عِيَاضِ بْنِ حِمَارٍ الْمُجَاشِعِيِّ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ

ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ أَلَا إِنَّ رَبِّي أَوْ إِنَّ رَبِّي أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَعَلِّمَكُمْ مَا جَهِلْتُمْ مِمَّا عَلَّمَنِي يَوْمِي هَذَا فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّمَا بَعَثْتُكَ لِأَبْتَلِيَكَ وَأَبْتَلِيَ بِكَ وَأَنْزَلْتُ عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا لَا يَغْسِلُهُ الْمَاءُ تَقْرَؤُهُ نَائِمًا وَيَقْظَانَ وَإِنَّ اللهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُحَرِّقَ قُرَيْشًا فَقُلْتُ رَبِّ إِذًا يَثْلَغُوا رَأْسِي فَيَدَعُوهُ خُبْزَةً فَقَالَ اسْتَخْرِجْهُمْ كَمَا أَخْرَجُوكَ وَاغْزُهُمْ نُغْزِكَ وَأَنْفِقْ فَنُنْفِقَ عَلَيْكَ وَابْعَثْ جَيْشًا نَبْعَثْ خَمْسَةَ أَمْثَالِهِ وَقَاتِلْ بِمَنْ أَطَاعَكَ مَنْ عَصَاكَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

أَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ الدَّسْتُوَائِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ
bayhaqi:17795Abū Muḥammad ʿAbdullāh b. Yaḥyá al-Sukkarī > Ismāʿīl b. Muḥammad al-Ṣaffār > ʿAbbās b. ʿAbdullāh > Abū al-Mughīrah > Ṣafwān > Abū Ziyād Yaḥyá b. ʿUbayd al-Ghassānī > Yazīd b. Quṭayb > Muʿādh b. Jabal

[Machine] "He used to say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me to Yemen and said to me, 'Perhaps you will pass by my grave and my mosque. I have sent you to a people with gentle hearts. They will fight against you twice for the truth. Fight against those among them who obey you and forgive those who disobey you. Then, proceed towards embracing Islam until a woman surpasses her husband, a son surpasses his father, and a brother surpasses his brother. Stay between the two mountains of tranquility and murmuring.'"  

البيهقي:١٧٧٩٥أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ يَحْيَى السُّكَّرِيُّ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا عَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ ثنا صَفْوَانُ ثنا أَبُو زِيَادٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْغَسَّانِيُّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ قُطَيْبٍ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ ؓ

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّكَ أَنْ تَمُرَّ بِقَبْرِي وَمَسْجِدِي قَدْ بَعَثْتُكَ إِلَى قَوْمٍ رَقِيقَةٍ قُلُوبُهُمْ يُقَاتِلُونَكَ عَلَى الْحَقِّ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَقَاتِلْ بِمَنْ أَطَاعَكَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ عَصَاكَ ثُمَّ يَغْدُونَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ حَتَّى تُبَادِرَ الْمَرْأَةُ زَوْجَهَا وَالْوَلَدُ وَالِدَهُ وَالْأَخُ أَخَاهُ فَانْزِلْ بَيْنَ الْحَيَّيْنِ السَّكُونِ وَالسَّكَاسِكِ  

bayhaqi:17796[Chain 1] Abū Ṭāhir al-Faqīh > Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Qaṭṭān > Abū al-Azhar > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar al-Raqqī [Chain 2] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Aḥmad b. Salmān Imlāʾ> Hilāl b. al-ʿAlāʾ > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar al-Raqqī > ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿAmr > Zayd b. Abū Unaysah > Jabalah b. Suḥaym > Abū al-Muthanná al-ʿAbdī > Ibn al-Khaṣāṣiyah ؓ

[Machine] I heard Ibn al-Khasa'isah saying, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to pledge allegiance to him on Islam. He stipulated that I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger, and that I pray the five prayers, fast during Ramadan, give Zakat, perform Hajj, and strive in the cause of Allah. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I cannot bear two of them. As for Zakat, I do not have more than ten Dirhams. They are my family's messengers and their burdens. As for Jihad, they believe that whoever turns away from it has incurred the wrath of Allah. When I am about to face a battle, I dislike death and my soul becomes fearful.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then took hold of his hand and moved it and said, 'There is no Zakat or Jihad for you. How then will you enter Paradise?' He said, 'Then I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I pledge allegiance to you, so pledge allegiance to me on these,' and I motioned with my hand." This is the wording of Abu 'Abdullah's Hadith.  

البيهقي:١٧٧٩٦أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْقَطَّانُ ثنا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّقِّيُّ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ إِمْلَاءً بِبَغْدَادَ ثنا هِلَالُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الرَّقِّيُّ ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنْ جَبَلَةَ بْنِ سُحَيْمٍ ثنا أَبُو الْمُثَنَّى الْعَبْدِيُّ قَالَ

سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ الْخَصَاصِيَةِ ؓ يَقُولُ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لِأُبَايِعَهُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَاشْتَرَطَ عَلَيَّ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُصَلِّيَ الْخَمْسَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتُؤَدِّيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ وَتُجَاهِدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمَّا اثْنَتَانِ فَلَا أُطِيقُهُمَا أَمَّا الزَّكَاةُ فَمَا لِي إِلَّا عَشْرُ ذَوْدٍ هُنَّ رَسَلُ أَهْلِي وَحَمُولَتُهُمْ وَأَمَّا الْجِهَادُ فَيَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ وَلَّى فَقَدْ بَاءَ بِغَضَبٍ مِنَ اللهِ فَأَخَافُ إِذَا حَضَرَنِي قِتَالٌ كَرِهْتُ الْمَوْتَ وَخَشَعَتْ نَفْسِي قَالَ فَقَبَضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ ثُمَّ حَرَّكَهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا صَدَقَةَ وَلَا جِهَادَ فَبِمَ تَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُبَايِعُكَ فَبَايَعَنِي عَلَيْهِنَّ كُلِّهِنَّ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ  

bayhaqi:17797Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Abū Ṭāhir al-Daqāq> Aḥmad b. Salmān > Ibrāhīm b. al-Haytham al-Baladī > Ādam b. Abū Iyās > Shaybān > Manṣūr > al-Ḥakam b. ʿUtaybah > Maymūn b. Abū Shabīb > Muʿādh b. Jabal

[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, will you not inform me of an action through which I may enter Paradise?" He said: "If you wish, I will inform you of the head of the matter, its pillar, and its peak. As for the head of the matter, it is Islam; whoever submits to it has succeeded. As for its pillar, it is prayer; whoever establishes it has established the religion. And as for its peak, it is jihad; whoever strives in it has excelled." And he mentioned the Hadith.  

البيهقي:١٧٧٩٧أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ أَبِي طَاهِرٍ الدَّقَاقُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ الْبَلَدِيُّ ثنا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ ثنا شَيْبَانُ ثنا مَنْصُورٌ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ عَنْ مَيْمُونَ بْنِ أَبِي شَبِيبٍ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ ؓ قَالَ

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَلَا تُحَدِّثُنِي بِعَمَلٍ أَدْخُلُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ؟ قَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْبَأْتُكَ بِرَأْسِ الْأَمْرِ وَعَمُودِهِ وَذِرْوَةِ سَنَامِهِ أَمَّا رَأْسُ الْأَمْرِ فَالْإِسْلَامُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ سَلِمَ وَأَمَّا عَمُودُهُ فَالصَّلَاةُ وَأَمَّا ذِرْوَةُ سَنَامِهِ فَالْجِهَادُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

bayhaqi:17798Abū Zakariyyā Yaḥyá b. Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá al-Muzakkī > Abū al-Ḥasan Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ʿAbdūs al-ʿAnazī > ʿUthmān b. Saʿīd al-Dārimī > Mūsá b. Ismāʿīl > Ḥammād > Ḥumayd > Anas

The Prophet ﷺ said: Use your property, your persons any your tongues in striving against the polytheists. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2504)   

البيهقي:١٧٧٩٨أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا يَحْيَى بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى الْمُزَكِّي أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدُوسٍ الْعَنَزِيُّ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الدَّارِمِيُّ ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ثنا حَمَّادٌ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ جَاهِدُوا يَعْنِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ  

bayhaqi:17799Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ And ʾAbū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Ṣaghānī > Muʿāwiyah b. ʿAmr > Abū Isḥāq > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAyyāsh > Sulaymān b. Mūsá > Maḥkūl > Abū Umāmah > ʿUbādah b. al-Ṣāmit > Rasūl

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah said, "You should engage in jihad for the sake of Allah, as it is a door from the doors of Paradise. Through it, Allah removes distress, grief, and increases it [jihad] for others. He also said, 'Strive in the cause of Allah both nearby and distant, and establish the limits of Allah both nearby and distant. Do not let the blame of the blamers deter you in the cause of Allah.'" The Sheikh said, "This was narrated from Al-Harith ibn Mu'awiya al-Kindi, from Ubada ibn As-Samit."  

البيهقي:١٧٧٩٩أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ أنبأ مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ مُوسَى عَنْ مَحْكُولٍ عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ ؓ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَإِنَّهُ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ يُذْهِبُ اللهُ بِهِ الْغَمَّ وَالْهَمَّ وَزَادَ فِيهِ غَيْرُهُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَجَاهِدُوا فِي اللهِ الْقَرِيبَ وَالْبَعِيدَ وَأَقِيمُوا حُدُودَ اللهِ فِي الْقَرِيبِ وَالْبَعِيدِ وَلَا يَأْخُذْكُمْ فِي اللهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ الْكِنْدِيِّ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ ؓ  

bayhaqi:17800Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > al-Ḥasan b. Ḥalīm al-Marwazī > Abū al-Muwajjih > ʿAbdān > ʿAbdullāh > Ṣafwān b. ʿAmr > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Jubayr b. Nufayr from his father > Jalasnā > al-Miqdād b. al-Aswad ؓ Bidimashq / > Tābūt Mā Bih > h Faḍl > Lah a man Law Qaʿadt al-ʿĀm > al-Ghazw > Atat ʿAlaynā al-Baḥūth / Sūrah al-Tawbah > Allāh Tabārak Wataʿālá Ānfirūā Khifāf

[Machine] "Allah, exalted and high, said: 'March forth, whether light or heavy' [Quran 9:41]. So I find myself feeling nothing but light."  

البيهقي:١٧٨٠٠أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ حَلِيمٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو الْمُوَجِّهِ أنبأ عَبْدَانُ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ جَلَسْنَا إِلَى الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ ؓ بِدِمَشْقَ وَهُوَ عَلَى تَابُوتٍ مَا بِهِ عَنْهُ فَضْلٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ لَوْ قَعَدْتَ الْعَامَ عَنِ الْغَزْوِ قَالَ أَتَتْ عَلَيْنَا الْبَحُوثُ يَعْنِي سُورَةَ التَّوْبَةِ قَالَ

اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا} [التوبة 41] فَلَا أَجِدُنِي إِلَّا خَفِيفًا  

bayhaqi:17801Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Muḥammad b. Isḥāq al-Ṣaghānī > ʿAffān > Ḥammād b. Salamah > ʿAlī b. Zayd And Thābit > Anas > Abū Ṭalḥah Qaraʾ Hadhih al-Āyah Ānfirūā Khifāf Wathiqāl al-Twbh 41 > Ará

[Machine] Talhah read this verse, "March forth, whether light or heavy." [Surah At-Tawbah, verse 41] He said, "I see our Lord mobilizing us, old and young. Prepare me, O sons, prepare me." So his sons said, "You have already witnessed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , Abu Bakr, and Umar, and we are ready to fight." He said, "Prepare me." Then he embarked on the sea and died. They did not find any island for him except after seven days. He was buried there and did not change.  

البيهقي:١٧٨٠١أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ ثنا عَفَّانُ حَدَّثَنِي حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَثَابِتٌ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ أَنَّ أَبَا

طَلْحَةَ ؓ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا} [التوبة 41] قَالَ أَرَى رَبَّنَا يَسْتَنْفِرُنَا شُيُوخًا وَشَبَابًا جَهِّزُونِي أَيْ بَنِيَّ جَهِّزُونِي فَقَالَ بَنُوهُ قَدْ شَهِدْتَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ فَنَحْنُ نَغْزُو فَقَالَ جَهِّزُونِي فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَمَاتَ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا لَهُ جَزِيرَةً إِلَّا بَعْدَ سَبْعَةِ أَيَّامٍ فَقُبِرَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يَتَغَيَّرْ