[Machine] "Abdullah bin Jash of the Asadi tribe, and Abdullah bin Shurayh or Shurayh bin Malik bin Rabi'ah bin Dibaab, who is the son of Umm Maktoom, said, 'We are blind, O Messenger of Allah. Do we have permission?' So the verse was revealed saying, 'Those who stay behind from the believers, other than those due to injury, are not equal to those who strive in the cause of Allah' (Quran 4:95). 'Allah had preferred those who strive hard' (Quran 4:95). 'Over those who sit at home' (Quran 4:95). So these individuals who sit at home and are not due to injury are not equal to those due to injury. 'And Allah had preferred those who strive hard with a great reward and degrees from Him' (Quran 4:96). 'Those who sit at home from the believers, other than those due to injury.' Al-Bukhari had mentioned this hadith in his Sahih at the beginning without its context from two other sources through Ibn Juraij. Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, explained that if Allah promised good to those who sit at home and are not due to injury, then they do not commit a sin by staying behind. Allah, may He be glorified, indicated His praise in His statement about mobilization, when He commanded mobilization saying, 'March forth whether light or heavy' (Quran 9:41). And He said, 'If you do not go forth for defense, He will pun- ish you with a painful torment' (Quran 9:39). And He said, 'It is not for the believers to march forth all together. Why should not a party from every section of them go forth?' (Quran 9:122). So He informed them that the obligation of jihad was upon a sufficient number of jihadists, and He indicated that if they all stayed behind together, they would all commit a sin by so doing, by His statement, 'If you do not go forth for defense, He will punish you with a painful torment' (Quran 9:39)."  

عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَحْشٍ الْأَسَدِيُّ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ شُرَيْحٍ أَوْ شُرَيْحُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ ضِبَابٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ إِنَّا أَعْمَيَانِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَهَلْ لَنَا رُخْصَةٌ؟ فَنَزَلَ {لَا يَسْتَوِي الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ} [النساء 95] {فَضَّلَ اللهُ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ} [النساء 95] {عَلَى الْقَاعِدِينَ دَرَجَةً} [النساء 95] فَهَؤُلَاءِ الْقَاعِدُونَ غَيْرُ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ {وَفَضَّلَ اللهُ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ عَلَى الْقَاعِدِينَ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا دَرَجَاتٍ مِنْهُ} [النساء 96] الْقَاعِدِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ غَيْرِ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ أَخْرَجَ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ أَوَّلَ الْحَدِيثِ دُونَ سِيَاقَتِهِ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ آخَرَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبَيِّنٌ إِذَا وَعَدَ اللهُ الْقَاعِدِينَ غَيْرَ أُولِي الضَّرَرِ الْحُسْنَى أَنَّهُمْ لَا يَأْثَمُونَ بِالتَّخَلُّفِ وَأَبَانَ اللهُ جَلَّ ثَنَاؤُهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ فِي النَّفِيرِ حِينَ أَمَرَ بِالنَّفِيرِ {انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا} [التوبة 41] وَقَالَ {إِلَّا تَنْفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا} [التوبة 39] وَقَالَ {وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنْفِرُوا كَافَّةً فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِنْ كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍ مِنْهُمْ طَائِفَةٌ} [التوبة 122] فَأَعْلَمَهُمْ أَنَّ فَرْضَهُ الْجِهَادَ عَلَى الْكِفَايَةِ مِنَ الْمُجَاهِدِينَ وَأَبَانَ أَنْ لَوْ تَخَلَّفُوا مَعًا أَثِمُوا مَعًا بِالتَّخَلُّفِ بِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى {إِلَّا تَنْفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا} [التوبة 39]  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah" [Surah 9:120] until His saying, "they work" [Surah 9:121], He abrogated it with the verse that follows it, "And it is not for the believers to go forth [to battle] all at once" [Surah 9:122].  

رَسُولِ اللهِ} [التوبة 120] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {يَعْمَلُونَ} [التوبة 121] نَسَخَهَا بِالْآيَةِ الَّتِي تَلِيهَا {وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنْفِرُوا كَافَّةً} [التوبة 122]  

[Machine] "Allah, the Blessed and Exalted, said, 'Take your precautions and march forth in groups or altogether.' (Surah An-Nisa 71) And He said, 'March forth, light and heavy.' (Surah At-Tawbah 41) And He said, 'If you do not march forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment.' (Surah At-Tawbah 39) Then, He abrogated these verses and said, 'And it is not for the believers to march forth all together.' (Surah At-Tawbah 122) He said, so a group went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and another group stayed behind. He said, 'Those who stay behind with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ are the ones who study and teach the religion and warn their people when they return from the expedition, so that they may be cautious about what Allah has revealed from His book, its obligations, and its limits.'"  

اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {خُذُوا حِذْرَكُمْ فَانْفِرُوا ثُبَاتٍ} [النساء 71] عُصَبًا {أَوِ انْفِرُوا جَمِيعًا} [النساء 71] وَقَالَ {انْفِرُوا خِفَافًا وَثِقَالًا} [التوبة 41] وَقَالَ {إِلَّا تَنْفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا} [التوبة 39] ثُمَّ نَسَخَ هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ فَقَالَ {وَمَا كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنْفِرُوا كَافَّةً} [التوبة 122] قَالَ فَتَغْزُو طَائِفَةٌ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَتُقِيمُ طَائِفَةٌ قَالَ فَالْمَاكِثُونَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَتَفَقَّهُونَ فِي الدِّينِ وَيُنْذِرُونَ قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْغَزْوِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ مَا نَزَّلَ اللهُ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ وَفَرَائِضِهِ وَحُدُودِهِ  

[Machine] From the Prophet of Allah ﷺ: He who equips a warrior in the cause of Allah has indeed fought, and he who stays behind to take care of his family has fought in goodness.  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ جَهَّزَ غَازِيًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَقَدْ غَزَا وَمَنْ خَلَفَهُ فِي أَهْلِهِ بِخَيْرٍ فَقَدْ غَزَا  

Abu Sa’id Al Khudri said “The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ sent an expedition towards Banu Lihyan and said “One of the two persons should go forth. He then said to those who sat (at home), If any one of you looks after the family and property of a warrior, he will receive half the reward of the one who goes forth (in jihad).” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2510)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ إِلَى بَنِي لِحْيَانَ وَقَالَ لِيَخْرُجْ مِنْ كُلِّ رَجُلَيْنِ رَجُلٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِلْقَاعِدِ أَيُّكُمْ خَلَفَ الْخَارِجَ فِي أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ بِخَيْرٍ كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلُ نِصْفِ أَجْرِ الْخَارِجِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever dies without participating in battle and without having the intention for it, dies upon a branch of hypocrisy."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَمْ يَغْزُ وَلَمْ يُحَدِّثْ نَفْسَهُ بِغَزْوٍ مَاتَ عَلَى شُعْبَةٍ مِنَ النِّفَاقِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: He who does not join the warlike expedition (jihad), or equip, or looks well after a warrior's family when he is away, will be smitten by Allah with a sudden calamity. Yazid ibn Abdu Rabbihi said in his tradition: 'before the Day of Resurrection". (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2503)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ لَمْ يَغْزُ أَوْ لَمْ يُجَهِّزْ غَازِيًا أَوْ يَخْلُفْ غَازِيًا فِي أَهْلِهِ بِخَيْرٍ أَصَابَهُ اللهُ بِقَارِعَةٍ قَالَ يَزِيدُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ قَبْلَ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called out for an expedition against the Arabs, but they hesitated. Then, the verse was revealed: "If you do not go forth, He will punish you with a painful punishment" [Surah At-Tawbah 9:39]. The punishment mentioned here was the deprivation of rain.  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَنْفَرَ حَيًّا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ فَتَثَاقَلُوا فَنَزَلَتْ {إِلَّا تَنْفِرُوا يُعَذِّبْكُمْ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا} [التوبة 39] قَالَ كَانَ عَذَابُهُمْ حَبْسَ الْمَطَرِ عَنْهُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ delivered a sermon and mentioned jihad, and did not give preference to anything over it except what is written. This indicates that it is a communal obligation (fard kifayah), as he gave preference to what is written as it is. And Allah knows best.  

خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْجِهَادَ فَلَمْ يُفَضِّلْ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا إِلَّا الْمَكْتُوبَةَ هَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ فَرْضٌ عَلَى الْكِفَايَةِ حَيْثُ فَضَّلَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ بِعَيْنِهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] Concerning war, there are only sermons from Umar and young children. Indeed, Ibn Umar used to accompany and carry his son during raids, and he considered participating in jihad for the sake of Allah as the best action after prayer.  

عَنِ الْغَزْوِ إِلَّا وَصَايَا عُمَرَ وَصِبْيَانٌ صِغَارٌ وَإِنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يُغْزِي وَلَدَهُ وَيَحْمِلُ عَلَى الظَّهْرِ وَيَرَى الْجِهَادَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَفْضَلَ الْأَعْمَالِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ  

AbuDawud said: Al-Hasan ibn Ali traced this tradition back to the Prophet ﷺ: When people are passing by, it is enough if one of them gives a salutation on their behalf, and that it is enough for those who are sitting if one of them replies. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 5210)   

أَنْ يَرُدَّ أَحَدُهُمْ