58. Expeditions
٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
هُوَ تَرْكُ النَّفَقَةِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ
[Machine] In his statement {And spend in the way of Allah} [Al-Baqarah 195], the verse says that no one should say, "I cannot find anything to spend, except for a small amount." So, prepare it and spend it in the way of Allah. {And do not throw [yourselves] with your [own] hands into destruction} [Al-Baqarah 195].
فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَأَنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ} [البقرة 195] الْآيَةَ قَالَ يَقُولُ لَا يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ لَا أَجِدُ شَيْئًا إِنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ إِلَّا مِشْقَصًا فَلْيُجَهَّزْ بِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ {وَلَا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ} [البقرة 195]
"We were in a Roman city, when a large column of Romans came out to us. So about the same number or more of the Muslims went towards them. The commander of the people of Egypt was 'Uqbah bin 'Amir, and the commenter of the (our) group was Fadalah bin 'Ubaid. One man among the Muslims reached the Roman line until he entered amidst them, so the people started screaming: 'Subhan Allah! He has thrown himself into destruction!' Abu Ayyub Al-Ansari said: 'O you people! You give this interpretation for this Ayah, while this Ayah was only revealed about us, the people among the Ansar, when Allah made Islam might, and increased its supporters. Some of us secretly said to each other, outside of the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: "Our wealth has been ruined, and Allah has strengthened Islam, and increased its supporters, so if we tend to our wealth then what we lost of it shall be revitalized for us." So Allah, Blessed and Most High, revealed to His Prophet ﷺ, rebuking what we said: 'And spend in the cause of Allah, and do not throw yourselves into destruction. (2:195)' So the destruction was tending to the wealth and maintaining it.' Abu Ayyub did not cease traveling in Allah's cause, until he was buried in the land of the Romans." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2972)
كُنَّا بِالْقُسْطَنْطِينِيَّةِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ مِصْرَ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الشَّامِ رَجُلٌ يُرِيدُ فَضَالَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدٍ فَخَرَجَ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ صَفٌّ عَظِيمٌ مِنَ الرُّومِ فَصَفَفْنَا لَهُمْ فَحَمَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى الرُّومِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ فِيهِمْ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا فَصَاحَ النَّاسُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا سُبْحَانَ اللهِ أَلْقَى بِيَدِهِ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ فَقَامَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّكُمْ لَتُؤَوِّلُونَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ عَلَى هَذَا التَّأْوِيلِ إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِينَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِنَّا لَمَّا أَعَزَّ اللهُ دِينَهُ وَكَثُرَ نَاصِرُوهُ فَقُلْنَا فِيمَا بَيْنَنَا بَعْضُنَا لِبَعْضٍ سِرًّا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أَمْوَالَنَا قَدْ ضَاعَتْ فَلَوْ أَقَمْنَا فِيهَا قَدْ أَصْلَحْنَا مَا ضَاعَ مِنْهَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْنَا مَا هَمَمْنَا بِهِ فَقَالَ {وَأَنْفِقُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلَا تُلْقُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ} [البقرة 195] فَكَانَتِ التَّهْلُكَةُ فِي الْإِقَامَةِ الَّتِي أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نُقِيمَ فِي أَمْوَالِنَا نُصْلِحُهَا فَأَمَرَنَا بِالْغَزْوِ فَمَا زَالَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ ؓ غَازِيًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ ﷻ
[Machine] A man said to Bara'a, "Shall I carry a sword to the battlefield in a thousand perils?". He replied, "No, the real peril is when a person commits a sin and then throws it behind his back with his own hands and says, 'It will not be forgiven for me'."
قَالَ رَجُلٌ لِلْبَرَاءِ ؓ أَحْمِلُ عَلَى الْكَتِيبَةِ بِالسَّيْفِ فِي أَلْفٍ مِنَ التَّهْلُكَةِ ذَاكَ؟ قَالَ لَا إِنَّمَا التَّهْلُكَةُ أَنْ يُذْنِبَ الرَّجُلُ الذَّنْبَ ثُمَّ يُلْقِيَ بِيَدَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولَ لَا يُغْفَرُ لِي
[Machine] If one of you commits a sin, he should not throw himself into destruction with his own hands and say, 'There is no repentance for me,' but rather, let him seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him. Indeed, Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
إِذَا أَذْنَبَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَلَا يُلْقِيَّنَّ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ وَلَا يَقُولَنَّ لَا تَوْبَةَ لِي وَلَكِنْ لِيَسْتَغْفِرِ اللهَ وَلْيَتُبْ إِلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
[Machine] He was sitting with Umar when they mentioned a man who sold himself on the day of Nihawand. Umar said, "By Allah, O Amir al-Mu'minin, my maternal uncle, people claim that he brought about his own destruction with his own hands." Umar replied, "Those people are lying. Rather, he is among those who traded the hereafter for the worldly life," as mentioned in Ya'la's narration.
أَنَّهُ كَانَ جَالِسًا عِنْدَ عُمَرَ ؓ فَذَكَرُوا رَجُلًا شَرَى نَفْسَهُ يَوْمَ نَهَاوَنْدَ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ وَاللهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ خَالِي زَعَمَ النَّاسُ أَنَّهُ أَلْقَى بِيَدَيْهِ إِلَى التَّهْلُكَةِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ كَذَبَ أُولَئِكَ بَلْ هُوَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرَوَا الْآخِرَةَ بِالدُّنْيَا كَذَا فِي رِوَايَةِ يَعْلَى
[Machine] So 'Umar said: "Those people are liars, but rather he is from those who have traded the Hereafter for the worldly life." Qays and the one killed, 'Awf ibn Abi Humeid, who is also known as Abu Shibl, said. Ya'qub Malik is more similar.
فَقَالُ عُمَرُ كَذَبَ أُولَئِكَ بَلْ هُوَ مِنَ الَّذِينَ اشْتَرُوا الْآخِرَةَ بِالدُّنْيَا قَالَ قَيْسٌ وَالْمَقْتُولُ عَوْفُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ وَهُوَ أَبُو شِبْلٍ قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ مَالِكٌ أَشْبَهُ
The Prophet ﷺ said: Our Lord Most High is pleased with a man who fights in the path of Allah, the Exalted; then his companions fled away (i.e. retreated). But he knew that it was a sin (to flee away from the battlefield), so he returned, and his blood was shed. Thereupon Allah, the Exalted, says to His angels: Look at My servant; he returned seeking what I have for him (i.e. the reward), and fearing (the punishment) I have, until his blood was shed. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2536)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَجِبَ رَبُّنَا ﷻ مِنْ رَجُلٍ غَزَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَانْهَزَمَ أَصْحَابُهُ فَعَلِمَ مَا عَلَيْهِ فَرَجَعَ حَتَّى أُهْرِيقَ دَمُهُ فَيَقُولُ اللهُ ﷻ لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ انْظُرُوا إِلَى عَبْدِي رَجَعَ رَغْبَةً فِيمَا عِنْدِي وَشَفَقَةً مِمَّا عِنْدِي حَتَّى أُهْرِيقَ دَمُهُ