58. Expeditions
٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
He who put the necklace of jizyah in his neck abandoned the way followed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3081)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ عَقَدَ الْجِزْيَةَ فِي عُنُقِهِ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِمَّا عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ
The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone takes land by (paying) its jizyah, he renounces his immigration; and if anyone takes off the disgrace of an unbeliever from his neck he turns away his back from Islam. He (the narrator) said: Thereafter Khalid ibn Ma'dan heard this tradition from me, and he said: Has Shubayb narrated it to you? I said: Yes. He said! When you come to him, ask him to write this tradition to me. He said: He then wrote it for him. When I came, Khalid ibn Ma'dan asked me for the paper and I gave it to him. When he read (the paper), he abandoned the lands he had in his possession the moment he heard this. Abu Dawud said: This Yazid b. Khumair al-Yazani is not the disciple of Shu'bah. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3082)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَخَذَ أَرْضًا بِجِزْيَتِهَا فَقَدِ اسْتَقَالَ هِجْرَتَهُ وَمَنْ نَزَعَ صَغَارَ كَافِرٍ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ فَجَعَلَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ فَقَدْ وَلَّى الْإِسْلَامَ ظَهْرَهُ قَالَ سِنَانٌ فَسَمِعَ مِنِّي خَالِدُ بْنُ مَعْدَانَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ لِي أَشَبِيبٌ حَدَّثَكَ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِذَا قَدِمْتَ فَسَلْهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْ إِلِيَّ بِالْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ لَهُ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْتُ سَأَلَنِي ابْنُ مَعْدَانَ الْقِرْطَاسَ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَهُ تَرَكَ مَا فِي يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ حِينَ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هَذَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خُمَيْرٍ الْيَزَنِيُّ لَيْسَ هُوَ صَاحِبَ شُعْبَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَانِ الْحَدِيثَانِ إِسْنَادُهُمَا إِسْنَادٌ شَامِيٌّ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ لَمْ يَحْتَجَّا بِمِثْلِهِمَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
[Machine] I read this verse {Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day} [al-Tawbah 29] as {Until they give the Jizyah} [al-Tawbah 29] with my own hands and they are young, do not remove the young ones from their necks, lest they be placed on your neck.
نَفْسِي فَقَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ} [التوبة 29] إِلَى {حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ} [التوبة 29] عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ لَا تَنْزِعِ الصَّغَارَ مِنْ أَعْنَاقِهِمْ فَتَجْعَلَهُ فِي عُنُقِكَ
[Machine] The man of Islam takes the land from the people of the covenant with what is due from it in terms of taxes. He says it is not permissible for a Muslim or it is not appropriate for a Muslim to subject himself to humiliation and insignificance.
الرَّجُلِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ يَأْخُذُ الْأَرْضَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ بِمَا عَلَيْهَا مِنَ الْخَرَاجِ يَقُولُ لَا يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ أَوْ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِمُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَكْتُبَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ الذُّلَّ وَالصَّغَارَ
[Machine] The entire land is mine for a rent of five dirhams, which I accept from the small ones for myself.
الْأَرْضَ كُلَّهَا لِي بِجِزْيَةٍ خَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ أُقِرُّ فِيهَا بِالصَّغَارِ عَلَى نَفْسِي
مَنْ أَقَرَّ بِالطَّسْقِ فَقَدْ أَقَرَّ بِالصَّغَارِ