[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished with Hunayn, he sent Abu 'Amir with the army of 'Utās. He met Duraīd ibn As-Simmah, and Duraīd was killed and Allah caused his companions to be defeated. The hadith continued until he said, about Abu Musa, "So when I returned to the Prophet ﷺ , I entered upon him while he was in a house on a bed made of palm fibers, and there was a mat that had left marks of the bed on the back of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his side. So I informed him of the news and the news of Abu 'Amir, and the hadith continued."  

لَمَّا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ بَعَثَ أَبَا عَامِرٍ عَلَى جَيْشِ أَوْطَاسٍ فَلَقِيَ دُرَيْدَ بْنَ الصِّمَّةِ فَقُتِلَ دُرَيْدٌ وَهَزَمَ اللهُ أَصْحَابَهُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتٍ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ مُرْمَلٍ وَعِنْدَهُ فِرَاشٌ قَدْ أَثَّرَ رِمَالُ السَّرِيرِ بِظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَجَنْبِهِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِخَبَرِي وَخَبَرِ أَبِي عَامِرٍ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] He was in a fight, then suddenly he saw a man, so he approached him. The man turned out to be an elderly person and he was strong. The young boy didn't recognize him, so the elderly man asked, "What do you want?" The boy replied, "I want to kill you." The elderly man asked, "Who are you?" The boy said, "I am Rabee'ah bin Rufai Al-Sulami." Then he struck him with his sword, but it didn't help him. So the elderly man said, "Your mother armed you poorly. Take my sword from the back of the fight, then strike with it and aim high on bones and low on the brain. That's how I used to kill men." And he killed him.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي شِجَارٍ لَهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ فَأَنَاخَ بِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَإِذَا هُوَ دُرَيْدٌ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ الْغُلَامُ فَقَالَ دُرَيْدٌ مَاذَا تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ قَتْلَكَ قَالَ وَمَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ رُفَيْعٍ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَهُ بِسَيْفِهِ فَلَمْ يُغْنِ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ دُرَيْدٌ بِئْسَ مَا سَلَّحَتْكَ أُمُّكَ خُذْ سَيْفِي هَذَا مِنْ مُؤَخَّرِ الشِّجَارِ ثُمَّ اضْرِبْ بِهِ وَارْفَعْ عَنِ الْعِظَامِ وَاخْفِضْ عَنِ الدِّمَاغِ فَإِنِّي كَذَلِكَ كُنْتُ أَقْتُلُ الرِّجَالَ فَقَتَلَهُ  

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i was killed by a blind man from the Banu Quraizah after the Asr prayer. This indicates the killing of one who does not fight from among the adult men if he refuses Islam and the jizyah. The sheikh said, "He is al-Zubair bin Batta al-Quradhi, whose story we have mentioned before."  

الشَّافِعِيُّ وَقُتِلَ أَعْمَى مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ بَعْدَ الْإِسَارِ وَهَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى قَتْلِ مَنْ لَا يُقَاتِلُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ الْبَالِغِينَ إِذَا أَبَى الْإِسْلَامَ وَالْجِزْيَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَاطَا الْقُرَظِيُّ قَدْ ذَكَرْنَا قِصَّتَهُ فِيمَا مَضَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Kill the elderly polytheists and attack their vulnerable points." Al-Shafi'i said, "Even if it were permissible to criticize those who harm monks, it is not permissible to kill a captive or a wounded person who has surrendered. The wounded were surrounded by the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , including Abu Jahl ibn Hisham, who was surrounded by Ibn Mas'ud and others."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اقْتُلُوا شُيُوخَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَاسْتَبْقُوا شَرْخَهُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَلَوْ جَازَ أَنْ يُعَابَ قَتْلَ مَنْ عَدَا الرُّهْبَانَ لِمَعْنَى أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُقَاتِلُونَ لَمْ يُقْتَلِ الْأَسِيرُ وَلَا الْجَرِيحُ الْمُثْبَتُ وَقَدْ ذُفِّفَ عَلَى الْجَرْحَى بِحَضْرَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ذَفَّفَ عَلَيْهِ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَغَيْرُهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Who will go see what Abu Jahl has done?" So Abdullah ibn Mas'ood went and found that he had been beaten by the sons of Afrah. He descended and grabbed him by his beard and said, "Are you Abu Jahl? Have you not killed a man or had his people kill him?"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ مَا صَنَعَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ؟ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ ضَرَبَهُ ابْنَا عَفْرَاءَ فَنَزَلَ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ قَالَ أَنْتَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ؟ قَالَ وَهَلْ فَوْقَ رَجُلٍ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ قَتَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ؟  

[Machine] "When it was the day of Badr, I encountered Abu Jahl and he was defeated. I struck him with my sword, but he did not do anything and he dropped his sword. So, I presented him to the Prophet ﷺ on a hot day as if the ground was burning. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, this is the enemy of Allah, Abu Jahl, who has been killed.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'By Allah, he has been killed?' I said, 'By Allah, he has been killed.' He said, 'Then come with us and show him to us.' So, I went and showed him to them. The Prophet ﷺ looked at him and said, 'This man was like Pharaoh of this nation.' This is what 'Amr ibn Maymun narrated, and it is also reported from Abu Ishaq from Abu 'Ubaydah from his father, and that happened some time ago."  

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَهُوَ مَصْرُوعٌ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِسَيْفِي فَمَا صَنَعَ شَيْئًا وَنَدَرَ سَيْفُهُ فَضَرَبْتُهُ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي يَوْمٍ حَارٍّ كَأَنَّمَا أَقَلَّ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا عَدُوُّ اللهِ أَبُو جَهْلٍ قَدْ قُتِلَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ آللَّهِ لَقَدْ قُتِلَ؟ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ لَقَدْ قُتِلَ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ بِنَا فَأَرِنَاهُ فَجَاءَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا كَانَ فِرْعَوْنَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ كَذَا قَالَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ وَالْمَحْفُوظُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَقَدْ مَضَى ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] He was with his father on the day of Yarmouk, and when the polytheists were defeated and he carried [the wounded], he began to treat their wounds. Al-Shafi'i said, may Allah have mercy on him, and I do not know if it is confirmed from Abu Bakr, contrary to this view. If it were confirmed, it would be similar to them commanding seriously to fight those who fight against them and not be preoccupied with the situation of these [wounded]. The Shaykh said, "And indeed, he said this because the narrations that we mentioned from Abu Bakr, all of them are Marasil (narrations attributed to the Prophet through a series of narrators rather than being directly heard from the Prophet), except that they were narrated from different perspectives and narrated by Ibn Al-Musayyib, who is a good and reliable transmitter. And Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, mentioned in the narration of Abu 'Abd Al-Rahman Al-Baghdadi, in his narration of Al-Muraqqi', then he weakened it by saying that Muraqqi' is not known. And he mentioned the narration of Ayyub from a man from his father, then he said, "And this is like what we mentioned before, it is unknown." As for the narration of Ibrahim ibn Isma'il ibn Abi Habibah, Al-Shafi'i did not mention it, and it is weaker than what has been mentioned due to ignorance, and Allah knows best.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ أَبِيهِ يَوْمَ الْيَرْمُوكِ فَلَمَّا انْهَزَمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَحَمَلَ فَجَعَلَ يُجِيزُ عَلَى جَرْحَاهُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ يَثْبُتُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ خِلَافُ هَذَا وَلَوْ كَانَ ثَبَتَ لَكَانَ يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْجِدِّ عَلَى قِتَالِ مَنْ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ وَلَا يَتَشَاغَلُوا بِالْمُقَامِ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ هَذَا لِأَنَّ الرِّوَايَاتِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ كُلَّهَا مَرَاسِيلُ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا رُوِيَتْ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ وَرَوَاهَا ابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَهُوَ حَسَنُ الْمُرْسَلِ وَذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنْهُ حَدِيثَ الْمُرَقَّعِ ثُمَّ ضَعَّفَهُ بِأَنَّ مُرَقَّعًا لَيْسَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَهَذَا كَالَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ مَجْهُولٌ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَهُوَ أَضْعَفُ مِمَّا رَدَّهُ بِالْجَهَالَةِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ