58. Expeditions
٥٨۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever kills a bird without just cause, Allah will question him about his killing." It was said: "O Messenger of Allah, what is its just cause?" He said: "To slaughter it and eat it, and not to cut off its head and throw it away." Ash-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade chasing after birds."
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ عُصْفُورًا فَمَا فَوْقَهَا بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهَا سَأَلَهُ اللهُ عَنْ قَتْلِهِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَا حَقُّهَا؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَذْبَحَهَا فَتَأْكُلَهَا وَلَا تَقْطَعَ رَأْسَهَا فَتَرْمِيَ بِهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَنَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمَصْبُورَةِ
[Machine] Anas said, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade tormenting animals.
أَنَسٌ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُصْبَرَ الْبَهَائِمُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the killing of any animal that is grazing.
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْبَهَائِمِ صَبْرًا
[Machine] Abu Bakr al-Siddiq sent armies to Syria and mentioned in his testament that he said, "Do not slaughter a sheep or a camel except for its meat."
أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ بَعَثَ جُيُوشًا إِلَى الشَّامِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ شَاةً وَلَا بَعِيرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلَةٍ
[Machine] "That he said, 'Do not slaughter a camel or a cow except for food.'"
أَنْ قَالَ وَلَا تَذْبَحُوا بَعِيرًا وَلَا بَقَرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلٍ
[Machine] That they diminish from you, they are only your tomorrow's provision, and the people of your protection. Abu Sa'id added in his narration in another place that Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "We have been informed by Abu Umamah Al-Bahili that he advised his son not to harm any living creature. And Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, forbade harming an animal when it is standing, and forbade tying its legs. Hisham ibn Al-Ghaz narrated from Makhloul that he asked him about it, so he forbade him and said: "Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ forbade making animals fight each other."
أَنْ يَنْتَقِصُوا مِنْكُمْ إِنَّمَا هُمْ غَدًا رَقِيقُكُمْ وَأَهْلُ ذِمَّتِكُمْ زَادَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ بَلَغَنَا عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ ؓ أَنَّهُ أَوْصَى ابْنَهُ لَا يَعْقِرُ جَسَدًا وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ عَقْرِ الدَّابَّةِ إِذَا هِيَ قَامَتْ وَعَنْ قَبِيصَةَ أَنَّ فَرَسَهُ قَامَ عَلَيْهِ بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ فَتَرَكَهُ وَنَهَى عَنْ عَقْرِهِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَنْ سَمِعَ هِشَامَ بْنَ الْغَازِ وَيَرْوِي عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنْهَا فَنَهَاهُ وَقَالَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ
'May Allah curse the one who disfigures and animal. (Sahih ) (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4442)
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَعَنَ اللهُ مَنْ مَثَّلَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ
[Machine] From Abu Ruham Al-Samai, the companion of the Prophet ﷺ, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever injures a camel, a quarter of his reward will be taken away, and whoever burns a date palm, a quarter of his reward will be taken away, and whoever deceives his business partner, a quarter of his reward will be taken away, and whoever disobeys his leader, his entire reward will be taken away." In this chain of narrators, there is weakness, but in the beginning of it there is sufficiency.
عَنْ أَبِي رُهْمٍ السَّمَاعِيِّ صَاحِبِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ عَقَرَ بَهِيمَةً ذَهَبَ رُبْعُ أَجْرِهِ وَمَنْ حَرَّقَ نَخْلًا ذَهَبَ رُبْعُ أَجْرِهِ وَمَنْ غَاشَّ شَرِيكَهُ ذَهَبَ رُبْعُ أَجْرِهِ وَمَنْ عَصَى إِمَامَهُ ذَهَبَ أَجْرُهُ كُلُّهُ فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ ضَعْفٌ وَفِي الْأَوَّلِ كِفَايَةٌ
[Machine] About a man who had a blonde horse, he provoked her, then he advanced and fought until he was killed.
عَنْ فَرَسٍ لَهُ شَقْرَاءَ فَعَقَرَهَا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ
[Machine] Abu Dawood Al-Sijistani said, "This narration is not strong and it includes many prohibitions regarding the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "The scholars avoid what Ibn Ishaq narrates in it, and if it is authentic, perhaps Ja'far did not receive the prohibition. Allah knows best."
قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ لَيْسَ بِذَلِكَ الْقَوِيِّ وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِيهِ نَهْيٌ كَثِيرٌ عَنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ الْحُفَّاظُ يَتَوَقَّوْنَ مَا يَنْفَرِدُ بِهِ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَإِنْ صَحَّ فَلَعَلَّ جَعْفَرًا ؓ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ النَّهْيُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ