[Machine] The daughter of Abu Bakr, in the story of Abu Quhafa and his youngest daughter, was driving him on the day of the conquest. When she landed with him on the ground, the horses met her and there was a collar on her neck made of leaves. A man saw it hanging from her neck and cut it off. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the mosque, Abu Bakr stood until he brought his father and mentioned the story of his Islam. Then Abu Bakr stood up and took his sister's hand and said, "I adjure you by Allah and Islam, my sister's collar." By Allah, no one answered him. Then he said it a second time, and no one answered him. Then he said, "O my sister, estimate the value of your collar. By Allah, trust has become rare among people today. This indicates that they have not gained anything, and that it was opened peacefully. If it had been opened by force, there would not have been any booty with it, and Abu Bakr would not seek her collar."  

بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي قِصَّةِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ وَابْنَةٍ لَهُ مِنْ أَصْغَرِ وَلَدِهِ كَانَتْ تَقُودُهُ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ حَتَّى إِذَا هَبَطَتْ بِهِ إِلَى الْأَبْطَحِ لَقِيَتْهَا الْخَيْلُ وَفِي عُنُقِهَا طَوْقٌ لَهَا مِنْ وَرِقٍ فَاقْتَطَعَهُ إِنْسَانٌ مِنْ عُنُقِهَا فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَسْجِدَ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ حَتَّى جَاءَ بِأَبِيهِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي إِسْلَامِهِ ثُمَّ قَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أُخْتِهِ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ وَالْإِسْلَامِ طَوْقَ أُخْتِي فَوَاللهِ مَا أَجَابَهُ أَحَدٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ الثَّانِيَةَ فَمَا أَجَابَهُ أَحَدٌ فَقَالَ يَا أُخَيَّةُ احْتَسِبِي طَوْقَكِ فَوَاللهِ إِنَّ الْأَمَانَةَ الْيَوْمَ فِي النَّاسِ لَقَلِيلٌ وَهَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَغْنَمُوا شَيْئًا وَأَنَّهَا فُتِحَتْ صُلْحًا إِذْ لَوْ فُتِحَتْ عَنْوَةً لَكَانَتْ وَمَا مَعَهَا غَنِيمَةً وَلَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ لَا يَطْلُبُ طَوْقَهَا  

Will you stay in your house at Mecca (which you abandoned at the time of migration)? Thereupon he said: Has 'Aqil left for as any land or house? And 'Aqil and Talib became the Inheritors of Abu Talib's (property), and neither Ja'far nor 'Ali inherited anything from him, for both (Ja'far and 'Ali) were Muslims whereas 'Aqil and Talib were non-Muslims. (Using translation from Muslim 1351a)   

يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَنْزِلُ فِي دَارِكَ بِمَكَّةَ؟ قَالَ وَهَلْ تَرَكَ لَنَا عَقِيلٌ مِنْ رِبَاعٍ أَوْ دُورٍ؟ وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَرِثَ أَبَا طَالِبٍ هُوَ وَطَالِبٌ وَلَمْ يَرِثْهُ عَلِيٌّ وَلَا جَعْفَرٌ شَيْئًا؛ لِأَنَّهُمَا كَانَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَطَالِبٌ كَافِرَيْنِ  

[Machine] About the people of the household from the people of war, they divide the house and some of them own it over others on that division, and they surrender. Then some of them want to break that division and divide it based on wealth. So he said, "This is not for him." So I said, "What is the proof for that?" He said, "Evidence is through consensus and Sunnah," and he mentioned what they cannot be blamed for, such as killing each other, capturing each other, and seizing each other. Then he said, "Even though Malik informed us from Thawr ibn Zaid ad-Dili, he said, 'I heard that the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, 'Any house or land that was divided during the time of ignorance remains on the division of ignorance, and any house or land that Islam reaches and is not divided, it remains on the division of Islam."" Ash-Shafi'i said, "And we narrate from it a hadith that supports the same meaning." The sheikh said, "Perhaps he meant what..."  

عَنْ أَهْلِ الدَّارِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ يَقْسِمُونَ الدَّارَ وَيَمْلِكُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْقَسْمِ وَيُسْلِمُونَ ثُمَّ يُرِيدُ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنْ يَنْقُضَ ذَلِكَ الْقَسْمَ وَيَقْسِمَهُ عَلَى قَسْمِ الْأَمْوَالِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقُلْتُ وَمَا الْحُجَّةُ فِي ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ الِاسْتِدْلَالُ بِمَعْنَى الْإِجْمَاعِ وَالسُّنَّةِ فَذَكَرَ مَا لَا يُؤَاخَذُونَ بِهِ مِنْ قَتْلِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا وَسَبْيِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا وَغَصْبِ بَعْضِهِمْ بَعْضًا ثُمَّ قَالَ مَعَ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الدِّيلِيِّ قَالَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَيُّمَا دَارٍ أَوْ أَرْضٍ قُسِمَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهِيَ عَلَى قَسْمِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَأَيُّمَا دَارٍ أَوْ أَرْضٍ أَدْرَكَهَا الْإِسْلَامُ لَمْ تُقْسَمْ فَهِيَ عَلَى قَسْمِ الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَنَحْنُ نَرْوِي فِيهِ حَدِيثًا أَثْبَتَ مِنْ هَذَا بَلَغَنِي بِمِثْلِ مَعْنَاهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَلَعَلَّهُ أَرَادَ مَا  

[Machine] "He ﷺ said: Each division that was made during the time of ignorance remains as it was, and each division that was made in Islam remains as it was. This is the wording of a complete hadith, which was narrated by Malik in a connected chain. Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz informed us, Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar al-Hafiz narrated to us, Abu Bakr ibn Abi Dawud narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Hafs narrated to me, my father narrated to me, from Ibrahim ibn Tahman, from Malik, from Thawr ibn Zaid, from Ikrimah, from Ibn Abbas. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, and he mentioned it similar to the narration of Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him."  

ﷺ قَالَ كُلُّ قَسْمٍ قُسِمَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ عَلَى مَا قُسِمَ عَلَيْهِ وَكُلُّ قَسْمٍ قُسِمَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَهُوَ عَلَى مَا قُسِمَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ تَمْتَامٍ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ حَدِيثُ مَالِكٍ مَوْصُولًا 18287 أَخْبَرَنَاه أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُظَفَّرِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي دَاوُدَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَهُ مِثْلَ رِوَايَةِ الشَّافِعِيِّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ  

[Machine] Narrated by Jaber, in the story of the Prophet's ﷺ pilgrimage, it was narrated that the Prophet ﷺ said in his sermon, "Know that every aspect of the pre-Islamic era is beneath my feet, and the bloodshed of the pre-Islamic era is abolished. The first bloodshed I will begin with, will be the blood of Rabia ibn Al-Harith, meaning the son of Abdul Muttalib. He was breastfed by the tribe of Banu Saad, and he was killed by Hudhail."  

عَنْ جَابِرٍ ؓ فِي قِصَّةِ حَجِّ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ أَلَا وَإِنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ تَحْتَ قَدَمِيَّ وَدِمَاءُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعَةٌ وَأَوَّلُ دَمٍ أَضَعُهُ مِنْ دِمَائِنَا دَمُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَكَانَ مُرْتَضِعًا فِي بَنِي سَعْدٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ  

[Machine] Shuraih al-Khuzai was one of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. On the day of the conquest, the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ encountered a man from Hudhayl. They used to seek his protection in the pre-Islamic era in al-Haram. The Messenger of Allah ﷺwould lead prayers behind him and pledge allegiance to Islam. However, they killed him. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺwas informed of this, he became angry. The sons of Abu Bakr and Umar interceded on behalf of the killers to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. In the evening, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood among the people and praised Allah for what was fitting. Then he said, "Indeed, Allah has made Makkah forbidden and did not make it permissible for the people. He allowed it for me for a brief time during the day, then it became forbidden as Allah had initially made it forbidden. Indeed, the worst of people in the sight of Allah are three: a man who kills someone within the sanctuary, a man who kills someone other than his killer, and a man who seeks the protection of the pre-Islamic era. By Allah, I will carry out the penalty for this man whom you have found guilt in." Abu Shuraih said, "May Allah protect the Messenger of Allah ﷺ."  

شُرَيْحٍ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ؓ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ لَقُوا رَجُلًا مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ كَانُوا يَطْلُبُونَهُ بِذَحْلٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فِي الْحَرَمِ يَؤُمُّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لِيُبَايِعَهُ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَتَلُوهُ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ غَضِبَ فَسَعَتْ بَنُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ يَسْتَشْفِعُونَ بِهِمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْعَشِيُّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي النَّاسِ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ وَلَمْ يُحِلَّهَا لِلنَّاسِ أَوْ قَالَ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا النَّاسُ وَإِنَّمَا أَحَلَّهَا لِي سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ ثُمَّ هِيَ حَرَامٌ كَمَا حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَإِنَّ أَعْدَى النَّاسِ عَلَى اللهِ ثَلَاثَةٌ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ فِيهَا وَرَجُلٌ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ وَرَجُلٌ طَلَبَ بِذَحْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَأَدِيَنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي أَصَبْتُمْ قَالَ أَبُو شُرَيْحٍ فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] Then I stepped forward and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I pledge allegiance to you on the condition that my previous sins are forgiven and I will not mention what comes after." He said to me, "O 'Amr, pledge allegiance, for Islam cancels out what came before it and migration cancels out what came before it." So I pledged allegiance to him.  

ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمْتُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى أَنْ يُغْفَرَ لِي مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِي وَلَمْ أَذْكُرْ مَا تَأَخَّرَ فَقَالَ لِي يَا عَمْرُو بَايِعْ فَإِنَّ الْإِسْلَامَ يَجُبُّ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهُ وَإِنَّ الْهِجْرَةَ تَجُبُّ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَهَا فَبَايَعْتُهُ  

A man said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Shall we be punished for what we did in the Prelslamic Period of ignorance?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever does good in Islam will not be punished for what he did in the Pre-lslamic Period of ignorance and whoever does evil in Islam will be punished for his former and later (bad deeds). (Using translation from Bukhārī 6921)   

قَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنُؤَاخَذُ بِمَا عَمِلْنَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ؟ قَالَ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَمْ يُؤَاخَذْ بِمَا عَمِلَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَمَنْ أَسَاءَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ أُخِذَ بِالْأَوَّلِ وَالْآخِرِ  

[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked, "O Messenger of Allah, will we be held accountable for what we did in the time of ignorance?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Whoever does good in Islam will not be held accountable for what they did in the time of ignorance, and whoever does evil will be held accountable for both."  

أَتَى رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنُؤَاخَذُ بِمَا كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ لَمْ يُؤَاخَذْ بِمَا عَمِلَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَمَنْ أَسَاءَ أُخِذَ بِالْأَوَّلِ وَالْآخَرِ  

[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, what do you think about matters that I used to engage in during the period of ignorance, such as freeing slaves and maintaining family ties? Will I be rewarded for them?" The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Have you embraced Islam upon what has preceded you of goodness?"  

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ أُمُورًا كُنْتُ أَتَحَنَّثُ بِهَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مِنْ عَتَاقَةٍ وَصِلَةِ رَحِمٍ هَلْ لِي فِيهَا مِنْ أَجْرٍ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَسْلَمْتَ عَلَى مَا سَلَفَ لَكَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ  

[Machine] "O people, ward off the prescribed punishments as much as you can. If you find any way to help Muslims and facilitate their matters, then do so. Indeed, it is better for the leader to make a mistake in showing forgiveness than to make a mistake in imposing punishment. This has been narrated from Umar ibn al-Khattab, Abdullah ibn Masood, and others. The most authentic narration on this issue is from Asim, who narrated from Abu Wa'il, who narrated from Abdullah ibn Masood, in his statement: 'And this has already been mentioned in the book of prescribed punishments.'"  

اللهِ ﷺ ادْرَؤُوا الْحُدُودَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ مَخْرَجًا فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُ فَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ أَنْ يُخْطِئَ فِي الْعَفْوِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ يُخْطِئَ فِي الْعُقُوبَةِ وَرُوِّينَا فِي ذَلِكَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ وَغَيْرِهِمَا وَأَصَحُّ الرِّوَايَاتِ فِيهِ عَنِ الصَّحَابَةِ رِوَايَةُ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ وَقَدْ مَضَى فِي كِتَابِ الْحُدُودِ  

[Machine] He is a traitor who is not subject to any value, and it is possible that he intends to evaluate the few with it, so he returns to the dowry, not 18,296, but rather as Waki'ah.  

هُوَ خَائِنٌ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ حَدٌّ تَقُومُ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةٌ وَهَذَا يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يُرِيدَ بِهِ تَقْوِيمَ الْبُضْعِ عَلَيْهِ فَيَرْجِعَ إِلَى الْمَهْرِ غَيْرَ 18296 أَنَّ وَكِيعًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A pregnant woman should not be made to carry anything until she gives birth, and a non-pregnant woman should not resume having intercourse until she menstruates."  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تُوطَأُ حَامِلٌ حَتَّى تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا وَلَا غَيْرُ حَامِلٍ حَتَّى تَحِيضَ حَيْضَةً  

[Machine] "We raided with Abu Ruwaifin al-Ansari to Al-Maghrib, and we conquered a village. Then I stood up to address the people and said, 'I only speak about you what I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say about us on the day of Khaybar, when he stood up among us and said, 'It is not permissible for a believer in Allah and the Last Day to irrigate his water over the crops of others,' meaning the crops of Banu Fai', and it is not permissible for a believer in Allah and the Last Day to have sexual intercourse with a captive woman until he has checked her virginity. It is not permissible for a believer in Allah and the Last Day to sell the spoils of war until they have been divided. And it is not permissible for a believer in Allah and the Last Day to ride on a mount belonging to the Muslims, then when he has made use of it, to return it. And it is not permissible for a believer in Allah and the Last Day to wear a garment belonging to the Muslims, then when he has made use of it, to return it.' This is what Yunus bin Bukayr said on the day of Khaybar, although it was actually the day of Hunayn."  

غَزَوْنَا مَعَ أَبِي رُوَيْفِعٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ؓ الْمَغْرِبَ فَافْتَتَحَ قَرْيَةً فَقَامَ خَطِيبًا فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَا أَقُولُ فِيكُمْ إِلَّا مَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِينَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ قَامَ فِينَا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْقِيَ مَاءَهُ زَرْعَ غَيْرِهِ يَعْنِي إِتْيَانَ الْحَبَالَى مِنَ الْفَيْءِ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يُصِيبَ امْرَأَةً مِنَ السَّبْيِ ثَيِّبًا حَتَّى يَسْتَبْرِئَهَا وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَبِيعَ مَغْنَمًا حَتَّى يُقْسَمَ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَرْكَبَ دَابَّةً مِنْ فَيْءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَعْجَفَهَا رَدَّهَا فِيهِ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَلْبَسَ ثَوْبًا مِنْ فَيْءِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى إِذَا أَخْلَقَهُ رَدَّهُ كَذَا قَالَ يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ كَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The messenger of Allah sent a group on a mission on the day of Hunayn, and they encountered a tribe of Arabs on the day of Awtaas. They fought them and defeated them, and they captured their women who were married. It seemed that some of the companions of the Prophet may have hesitated about having relations with their wives due to their captivity. So Allah revealed, "And [also prohibited to you are all] married women except those your right hands possess" [Quran 4:24]. So they are lawful for you.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ فَأَصَابُوا جَيْشًا مِنَ الْعَرَبِ يَوْمَ أَوْطَاسٍ فَقَاتَلُوهُمْ وَهَزَمُوهُمْ فَأَصَابُوا نِسَاءً لَهُنَّ أَزْوَاجٌ وَكَأَنَّ أُنَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَأَثَّمُوا مِنْ غَشَيَانِهِنَّ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ} [النساء 24] فَهُنَّ لَكُمْ حَلَالٌ  

[Machine] Regarding this, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "It is not necessary for you to do so, for Allah has decreed who is the Creator until the Day of Judgment."  

عَنْ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ لَا تَفْعَلُوا فَإِنَّ اللهَ قَدْ كَتَبَ مَنْ هُوَ خَالِقٌ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abu Talha when he wanted to go out to Khaybar: "Look for a boy from your slaves to serve me." So Abu Talha took me along, while I was a boy who had just reached adolescence. Whenever we would stop, I would serve him and I would hear him frequently saying, "O Allah, I seek refuge in You from worries, sadness, weakness, laziness, stinginess, cowardice, and the burden of debt and the dominance of men." When the fortress was conquered, the beauty of Safiyyah was mentioned to him. She was a bride whose husband had been killed, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ chose her for himself. When we were at the Sada Al-Sahba, she reached her menstrual period, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ built a living space for her and took her as his wife. I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ covering her with his cloak from behind and sitting next to his camel, placing his knee out for her, and she would put her foot on his knee and then ride. When there appeared to us a man from a distance, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This is a mountain that loves us and we love it." When he approached the city, he said, "O Allah, indeed Ibrahim made Makkah sacred, O Allah, and indeed I make sacred what is between its two sides. O Allah, bless them in their measuring and their journey."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِأَبِي طَلْحَةَ حِينَ أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ الْتَمِسْ لِي غُلَامًا مِنْ غِلْمَانِكُمْ يَخْدِمُنِي فَخَرَجَ بِي أَبُو طَلْحَةَ مُرْدِفِي وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ قَدْ رَاهَقْتُ فَكَانَ إِذَا نَزَلَ خَدَمْتُهُ فَسَمِعْتُهُ كَثِيرًا مَا يَقُولُ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنَ الْهَمِّ وَالْحَزَنِ وَالْعَجْزِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَالْبُخْلِ وَالْجُبْنِ وَظَلْعِ الدَّيْنِ وَغَلَبَةِ الرِّجَالِ فَلَمَّا فُتِحَ الْحِصْنُ ذُكِرَ لَهُ جَمَالُ صَفِيَّةَ وَكَانَتْ عَرُوسًا وَقُتِلَ زَوْجُهَا فَاصْطَفَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِنَفْسِهِ فَلَمَّا كُنَّا بِسَدِّ الصَّهْبَاءِ حَلَّتْ فَبَنَى بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَاتَّخَذَ حَيْسًا فِي نِطْعٍ صَغِيرٍ وَكَانَتْ وَلِيمَتَهُ فَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُحَوِّي لَهَا بِعَبَاءَةٍ خَلْفَهُ وَيَجْلِسُ عِنْدَ نَاقَتِهِ فَيَضَعُ رُكْبَتَهُ فَتَجِيءُ صَفِيَّةُ فَتَضَعُ رِجْلَهَا عَلَى رُكْبَتِهِ ثُمَّ تَرْكَبُ فَلَمَّا بَدَا لَنَا أُحُدٌ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذَا جَبَلٌ يُحِبُّنَا وَنُحِبُّهُ فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ اللهُمَّ إِنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ اللهُمَّ وَإِنِّي أُحَرِّمُ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا اللهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِي صَاعِهِمْ وَمُدِّهِمْ  

[Machine] On the day of Khaybar, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the eating of the meat of domestic donkeys and the women wearing tight ropes until they relieve themselves of what is in their bellies. He also forbade the eating of any animal with fangs from the predators and the selling of the fifth until it is distributed. And in another place, he forbade the selling of the spoils of war until it is divided.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ أَكْلِ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ وَعَنِ النِّسَاءِ الْحَبَالَى أَنْ يُوطَأْنَ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ وَعَنْ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْخُمُسِ حَتَّى يُقْسَمَ وَقَالَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ وَعَنْ شِرَى الْمَغْنَمِ حَتَّى يُقْسَمَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ forbade making deals with merchants until they place their goods down, and he said that sowing is for others, and from selling the spoils of war before they are divided, and from eating predatory animals, and from all animals with fangs. The evidence for this is that when they are divided, their sale is allowed, and the indication is that it is permissible to divide them in the land of war.  

النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يُوقَعَ عَلَى الْحَبَالَى حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ وَقَالَ زَرْعُ غَيْرِكَ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَغَانِمِ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُقْسَمَ وَعَنْ أَكْلِ الْحُمُرِ الْإِنْسِيَّةِ وَعَنْ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ دَلِيلُهُ أَنَّهَا إِذَا قُسِمَتْ جَازَ بَيْعُهَا وَقَدْ مَضَتِ الدَّلَالَةُ عَلَى جَوَازِ قِسْمَتِهَا فِي دَارِ الْحَرْبِ  

[Machine] "He sold a slave girl and separated her from her child, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade him from doing that, and he reported to us that Abu Ali al-Rudhbari informed us that Muhammad ibn Bakr informed us that Abu Dawud informed us that Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah informed us that Ishaq ibn Mansur informed us that Abdus Salam ibn Harb mentioned it with a similar chain of narration, that he separated between a slave girl and her child, so the Prophet ﷺ forbade it and nullified the sale."  

أَنَّهُ بَاعَ جَارِيَةً وَوَلَدَهَا فَفَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَنَهَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ 18306 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ثنا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ إِسْنَادِهِ أَنَّهُ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ جَارِيَةٍ وَوَلَدِهَا فَنَهَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَرَدَّ الْبَيْعَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ مَيْمُونٌ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ عَلِيًّا ؓ  

[Machine] To me, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ instructed to either release both of them or detain both of them.  

لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعْهُمَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ أَمْسِكْهُمَا جَمِيعًا  

[Machine] Abu Usaid al-Ansari arrived with a group of captives from Bahrain, so they were lined up. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and looked at them, and he saw a woman crying. He asked her, "What makes you cry?" She said, "My son was sold in 'Abss." The Prophet ﷺ said to Abu Usaid, "You may ride and bring him back, just as you sold him for the price." So Abu Usaid rode and brought him back, and if there was any payment for him, it was good and lawful because it was a valid transaction witnessed by what had passed.  

أَنَّ أَبَا أُسَيْدٍ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ ؓ قَدِمَ بِسَبْيٍ مِنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ فَصُفُّوا فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا امْرَأَةٌ تَبْكِي فَقَالَ مَا يُبْكِيكِ؟ قَالَتْ بِيعَ ابْنِي فِي عَبْسٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِأَبِي أُسَيْدٍ لَتَرْكَبَنَّ فَلَتَجِيئَنَّ بِهِ كَمَا بِعْتَ بِالثَّمَنِ فَرَكِبَ أَبُو أُسَيْدٍ فَجَاءَ بِهِ هَذَا وَإِنْ كَانَ فِيهِ إِرْسَالٌ فَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ حَسَنٌ شَاهِدٌ لِمَا تَقَدَّمَ  

"I narrated heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'Whoever seperates a mother from her child, Allah seperates him and his most beloved on the Day of Judgement.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1283)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ وَالِدَةٍ وَوَلَدِهَا فَرَّقَ اللهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَحِبَّتِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ  

"I narrated heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'Whoever seperates a mother from her child, Allah seperates him and his most beloved on the Day of Judgement.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1283)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْوَلَدِ وَأُمِّهِ فَرَّقَ اللهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَحِبَّتِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by Umm Dumayrah while she was crying, so he said, "What makes you cry? Are you hungry or naked?" She said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have been separated from my son." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A mother should not be separated from her child." Then he sent for the one who had her son and called him, and he returned him to her the next morning.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَرَّ بِأُمِّ ضُمَيْرَةَ وَهِيَ تَبْكِي فَقَالَ مَا يُبْكِيكِ؟ أَجَائِعَةٌ أَنْتِ أَمْ عَارِيَةٌ أَنْتِ؟ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فُرِّقَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ ابْنِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ وَالِدَةٍ وَوَلَدِهَا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى الَّذِي عِنْدَهُ ضُمَيْرَةُ فَدَعَاهُ فَابْتَاعَهُ مِنْهُ بِبَكْرَةٍ  

[Machine] "That he should not separate between the concubines and their children, for you have already separated between me and my father, so he wrote to him and attached him to his father."  

أَنْ لَا يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ السَّبَايَا وَبَيْنَ أَوْلَادِهِنَّ فَإِنَّكَ قَدْ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ أَبِي فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَلْحَقَهُ بِأَبِيهِ  

[Machine] And he said, "Do not separate between a parent and their child, and it was narrated this as connected."  

وَقَالَ لَا يُفَرَّقُ بَيْنَ الْوَالِدِ وَوَلَدِهِ وَرُوِيَ هَذَا مَوْصُولًا  

[Machine] To differentiate between a father and his son in a sale.  

أَنْ أُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَ الْوَالِدِ وَوَلَدِهِ فِي الْبَيْعِ  

[Machine] Abdullah, even if the division is not fair.  

عَبْدُ اللهِ ؓ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَعْتَدِلِ الْقَسْمُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded me to sell two young brothers, so I sold them and separated them. I mentioned this to the Prophet ﷺ and he said, "Find them and return them, and do not sell them except together, and do not separate them." And so it was.  

أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَبِيعَ غُلَامَيْنِ أَخَوَيْنِ فَبِعْتُهُمَا وَفَرَّقْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَدْرِكْهُمَا فَارْتَجِعْهُمَا وَلَا تَبِعْهُمَا إِلَّا جَمِيعًا وَلَا تُفَرِّقْ بَيْنَهُمَا وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gifted me two brothers as servants. I sent one of them and the Prophet ﷺ asked me: "What did the two servants do?" I replied: "I sent one of them." He said: "Return him."  

وَهَبَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ غُلَامَيْنِ أَخَوَيْنِ فَبِعْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا فَعَلَ الْغُلَامَانِ؟ قُلْتُ بِعْتُ أَحَدَهُمَا قَالَ رُدَّهُ كَذَا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Cursed is the one who separates [people]." This was said by Abu Bakr ibn Ayyash, and it is also attributed to Talq ibn Muhammad.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَلْعُونٌ مَنْ فَرَّقَ كَذَا قَالَهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ طَلْقِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ cursed anyone who causes discord between a parent and their child or between brothers. The scholar Ibrahim bin Ismail bin Mujammal said that this hadith cannot be used as evidence. It has been narrated by Saleh bin Kaysan from Talikh bin Imran bin Husayn from Abu Burdah from Abu Musa, who narrated it from the Prophet ﷺ regarding parents and their children.  

لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْوَالِدِ وَبَيْنَ وَلَدِهِ وَبَيْنَ الْأَخِ وَبَيْنَ أَخِيهِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ مُجَمِّعٍ هَذَا لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَقَدْ قِيلَ عَنْهُ عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ عَنْ طَلِيقِ بْنِ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى ؓ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الْوَالِدِ وَوَلَدِهِ  

"When captives were brought to him, the Prophet ﷺ would give the members of one family together (to one person), not wanting to separate them." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2248)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا أُتِيَ بِالسَّبْيِ أَعْطَى أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ جَمِيعًا وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought some captives, and he began to give them to the people of his household as a whole. He disliked to separate them, except for Jābir ibn Yazid al-Ju'fi, who received these two Isnad.  

أُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِسَبْيٍ فَجَعَلَ يُعْطِي أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ كَمَا هُمْ جَمِيعًا وَكَرِهَ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَهُمْ جَابِرٌ هَذَا هُوَ ابْنُ يَزِيدَ الْجُعْفِيُّ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ بِهَذَيْنِ الْإِسْنَادَيْنِ  

[Machine] Not to differentiate between two enslaved brothers in the sale.  

أَنْ لَا يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ أَخَوَيْنِ مَمْلُوكَيْنِ فِي الْبَيْعِ  

[Machine] "He heard Ubadah ibn as-Samit saying that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade separating a mother from her child. It was said, 'O Messenger of Allah, until when?' He said, 'Until the boy reaches the age of puberty and the girl reaches the age of menstruation.' Abu Abdur-Rahman as-Sulami and Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith informed us that Abu al-Hasan ad-Daraqutni, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'Abdullah ibn Amr is the narrator of this hadith, and he is weak in hadith. Ali ibn al-Madini accused him of lying and no one else narrated it from Sa'id except him.'"  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُبَادَةَ بْنَ الصَّامِتِ ؓ يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُفَرَّقَ بَيْنَ الْأُمِّ وَوَلَدِهَا فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِلَى مَتَى؟ قَالَ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الْغُلَامُ وَتَحِيضَ الْجَارِيَةُ 18327 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ قَالَا قَالَ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو هَذَا هُوَ الْوَاقِفِيُّ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفُ الْحَدِيثِ رَمَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ بِالْكَذِبِ وَلَمْ يَرْوِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ غَيْرُهُ  

[Machine] Imam Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, stated that the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , took captive the women and children of Banu Qurayza and sold them to the polytheists. Abu al-Shahm, a Jewish man, purchased an elderly woman and she gave birth to a child from the Prophet, ﷺ . The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , then sent a third of the remaining captives to Tihamah, a third to Najd, and a third to the route towards Sham (Syria). They were then sold for horses, weapons, camels, and wealth.  

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ سَبَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نِسَاءَ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَبَاعَهُمْ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَاشْتَرَى أَبُو الشَّحْمِ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَهْلَ بَيْتٍ عَجُوزًا وَوَلَدَهَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَا بَقِيَ مِنَ السَّبْيِ أَثْلَاثًا ثُلُثًا إِلَى تِهَامَةَ وَثُلُثًا إِلَى نَجْدٍ وَثُلُثًا إِلَى طَرِيقِ الشَّامِ فَبِيعُوا بِالْخَيْلِ وَالسِّلَاحِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْمَالِ  

[Machine] Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Saad ibn Zaid, the brother of the Banu Abdul-Ashhal tribe, to Najd to purchase war horses and weapons for them. Al-Shafi'i said, "This is also the case with adult women, as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gifted a young girl, who had reached the age of maturity, to one of his companions, and two men ransomed her."  

ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَعْدَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ أَخَا بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ بِسَبَايَا بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ إِلَى نَجْدٍ فَابْتَاعَ لَهُمْ بِهِمْ خَيْلًا وَسِلَاحًا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَكَذَلِكَ النِّسَاءُ الْبَوَالِغُ قَدِ اسْتَوْهَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَارِيَةً بَالِغَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَفَدَى بِهَا رَجُلَيْنِ  

[Machine] With Abu Bakr, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us, so we went to Fazarah. When we approached the water, Abu Bakr commanded us to saddle the camels. When we prayed Fajr, Abu Bakr commanded us to initiate the attack. We descended upon the water. Salamah said, "I looked at a group of people, among them were children and women, and I feared that they would reach the mountain before me. So I took their footsteps and threw an arrow between them and the mountain. They stood still. I then came to drive them to Abu Bakr, in which there was a woman from the tribe of Fazarah, with a lock of black hair, and with her was her daughter, the most beautiful of the Arabs. Abu Bakr then granted her to me as a war captive. I did not uncover her until we reached Medina, and I did not uncover her until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ met me in the market. He said, "O Salamah, gift me the woman." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am amazed by her, and I did not uncover her until we reached Medina." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained silent and left me. Then the next day, when we met in the market, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me, "O Salamah, gift me the woman, for the sake of Allah." I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am amazed by her, and by Allah, I did not uncover her, and she is yours, O Messenger of Allah." He then sent her to the people of Makkah, and she was ransomed by some Muslim men with their own hands.  

مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَأَمَّرَهُ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَغَزَوْنَا فَزَارَةَ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ أَمَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَعَرَّسْنَا فَلَمَّا صَلَّيْنَا الصُّبْحَ أَمَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَشَنَنَّا الْغَارَةَ فَنَزَلْنَا عَلَى الْمَاءِ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى عُنُقٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ فِيهِمُ الذُّرِّيَّةُ وَالنِّسَاءُ فَخَشِيتُ أَنْ يَسْبِقُونِي إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَأَخَذْتُ آثَارَهُمْ فَرَمَيْتُ بِسَهْمٍ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْجَبَلِ فَقَامُوا فَجِئْتُ أَسُوقُهُمْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَفِيهِمُ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ عَلَيْهَا قَشْعٌ مِنْ أَدَمٍ وَمَعَهَا ابْنَةٌ لَهَا مِنْ أَحْسَنِ الْعَرَبِ فَنَفَلَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ ابْنَتَهَا فَمَا كَشَفْتُ لَهَا ثَوْبًا حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ وَلَمْ أَكْشِفْ لَهَا ثَوْبًا وَلَقِيَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَالَ يَا سَلَمَةُ هَبْ لِي الْمَرْأَةَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَقَدْ أَعْجَبَتْنِي وَمَا كَشَفْتُ لَهَا ثَوْبًا حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَتَرَكَنِي حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ لَقِيَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَالَ لِي يَا سَلَمَةُ هَبْ لِيَ الْمَرْأَةَ لِلَّهِ أَبُوكَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَقَدْ أَعْجَبَتْنِي وَاللهِ مَا كَشَفْتُ لَهَا ثَوْبًا وَهِيَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ فَبَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ فَفَدَى بِهَا رِجَالًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ  

[Machine] My mother came to me, desiring a favor during the time of the Quraysh, so I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about her lineage. He said, "Yes, they have mentioned her in the authentic (narrations) as it has already been stated." Ash-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted Umar ibn al-Khattab and he gave covering garments to a relative of his who was a polytheist in Makkah."  

أَتَتْنِي أُمِّي رَاغِبَةً فِي عَهْدِ قُرَيْشٍ فَسَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَصِلُهَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ كَمَا مَضَى قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَأَذِنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَسَا ذَا قَرَابَةٍ لَهُ مُشْرِكًا بِمَكَّةَ  

‘Umar b. al-Khattab saw a silken suit sold at the gate of the mosque. He said: Messenger of Allah, would that you purchase this suit and wear it on Friday and on the occasion when a delegation (from the outside) comes to you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: One who has no share in the afterlife will put on this (suit). Afterwards suits of similar nature were brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He gave ‘Umar b. al-Khattab one of these suits. ‘Umar said: Messenger of Allah, you are giving it to me for use while you had told me such-and-such about the suit of ‘Utarid (I.e. sold by ‘Utarid). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: I did not give it to you that you should wear it. Hence ‘Umar gave it to his brother who was a disbeliever at Mecca for wearing. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1076)   

يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَوِ اشْتَرَيْتَ هَذِهِ فَلَبِسْتَهَا يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَلِلْوُفُودِ إِذَا قَدِمُوا عَلَيْكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّمَا يَلْبَسُ هَذِهِ مَنْ لَا خَلَاقَ لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْهَا حُلَلٌ فَأَعْطَى عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ مِنْهَا حُلَّةً فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَسَوْتَنِيهَا وَقَدْ قُلْتَ فِي حُلَّةِ عُطَارِدَ مَا قُلْتَ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنِّي لَمْ أَكْسُكَهَا لِتَلْبَسَهَا فَكَسَاهَا عُمَرُ ؓ أَخًا لَهُ مُشْرِكًا بِمَكَّةَ  

[Machine] On the authority of Al-Hasan concerning His saying: "And they feed, for the love of Allah, the poor, the orphan, and the prisoner." [Al-Insaan 8]. He said: They were among the polytheists.  

عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَيُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَى حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا} [الإنسان 8] قَالَ كَانُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent out a detachment on the day of Hunayn, and they fought against the pagans until they killed them and took them captive. When they returned, the Prophet ﷺ said, "What made you kill the children?" They said, "O Messenger of Allah, they were the children of the pagans." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Are the children of the pagans the only ones you consider good? By the One in whose hand is the soul of Muhammad, there is no soul that is born except upon the fitrah (natural disposition), until its tongue speaks on its behalf." Ash-Shafi'i said, may Allah have mercy on him, in a narration from Abu 'Abd ar-Rahman, that is the fitrah upon which Allah created the creation, until they are able to express themselves. They are not held accountable for what is in their souls, rather the judgment is for their fathers.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ فَقَاتَلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأَفْضَى بِهِمُ الْقَتْلُ إِلَى الذُّرِّيَّةِ فَلَمَّا جَاءُوا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا حَمَلَكُمْ عَلَى قَتْلِ الذُّرِّيَّةِ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّمَا كَانُوا أَوْلَادَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالَ وَهَلْ خِيَارُكُمْ إِلَّا أَوْلَادُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا مِنْ نَسَمَةٍ تُولَدُ إِلَّا عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ حَتَّى يُعْرِبَ عَنْهَا لِسَانُهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْهُ هِيَ الْفِطْرَةُ الَّتِي فَطَرَ اللهُ عَلَيْهَا الْخَلْقَ فَجَعَلَهُمْ مَا لَمْ يُفْصِحُوا بِالْقَوْلِ لَا حُكْمَ لَهُمْ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ إِنَّمَا الْحُكْمُ لَهُمْ بِآبَائِهِمْ  

[Machine] That Umar ibn Al-Khattab used to not leave inheritance to the pregnant.  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ كَانَ لَا يُوَرِّثُ الْحَمِيلَ  

[Machine] That the pregnant woman should not inherit except with clear evidence, and if it comes to her in her torn garment.  

أَنْ لَا يُوَرِّثَ الْحَمِيلَ إِلَّا بِبَيِّنَةٍ وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ فِي خِرْقَتِهَا  

[Machine] Umar wrote to me, "Do not inherit the pregnant one except with clear evidence." He said, "And Sufyan narrated to us from Ibn Abjar from Shu'ba from Shurayh similar to it."  

كَتَبَ إِلِيَّ عُمَرُ ؓ لَا تُوَرِّثِ الْحَمِيلَ إِلَّا بِبَيِّنَةٍ 18338 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبْجَرَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ مِثْلَهُ  

[Machine] Uthman bin Affan sought the advice of the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ regarding inheritance. They expressed their opinions on the matter, and Uthman said that they should not distribute the wealth of Allah except with clear evidence.  

أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ؓ اسْتَشَارَ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْحَمِيلِ فَقَالُوا فِيهِ فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ مَا نَرَى أَنْ نُوَرِّثَ مَالَ اللهِ إِلَّا بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ  

[Machine] "And Uthman, all of them are weak."  

وَعُثْمَانَ ؓ كُلُّهَا ضَعِيفَةٌ  

[Machine] My father Hashim added to it that they disputed during the Hajj on the day of Badr, and Abu Amr Al-Adib informed us that Abu Bakr Al-Isma'ili narrated to us that Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abdul Karim narrated to us that Bundar narrated to us that Abdur Rahman ibn Mahdi narrated to us from Sufyan from Abu Hashim, and he mentioned it.  

أَبِي هَاشِمٍ زَادَ فِيهِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي الْحَجِّ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَأَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ ثنا بُنْدَارٌ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ فَذَكَرَهُ