[Machine] "The threshold, we don't want them but they confront us, from our paternal cousins, from Banu Abd al-Muttalib. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Rise, O Ali, rise, O Hamza, rise, O Ubaydah ibn al-Harith." So Allah ﷻ killed Uthbah and Shaybah, the sons of Rabi'ah, and Walid ibn Utbah. And Ubaydah ibn al-Harith was injured. So we killed seventy of them and captured seventy. And the narration mentioned."  

عُتْبَةُ لَا نُرِيدُ هَؤُلَاءِ وَلَكِنْ يُبَارِزُنَا مِنْ بَنِي عَمِّنَا مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ قُمْ يَا حَمْزَةُ قُمْ يَا عُبَيْدَةُ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ فَقَتَلَ اللهُ ﷻ عُتْبَةَ وَشَيْبَةَ ابْنَيْ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُتْبَةَ وَجُرِحَ عُبَيْدَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ فَقَتَلْنَا مِنْهُمْ سَبْعِينَ وَأَسَرْنَا سَبْعِينَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , stand up, Hamza, stand up, Ali, stand up, Ubaydah." So when they stood up and approached, they said, "Who are you?" Hamza said, "I am Hamza bin Abdul-Muttalib." Ali said, "I am Ali bin Abi Talib." Ubaydah said, "I am Ubaydah bin Al-Harith." They were then praised as capable and noble. Ubaydah confronted Utbah and they exchanged two blows, both of which proved strong. Hamza stood face to face with Shaybah and killed him in his place. Ali confronted Walid and killed him in his place. Then he engaged with Utbah and overwhelmed him, and they carried their companion away. Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said that on the day of Khaybar, Muhammad bin Muslima confronted him and welcomed him warmly, and on that day, Zubayr bin Al-Awam fought valiantly, supporting him."  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قُمْ يَا حَمْزَةُ قُمْ يَا عَلِيُّ قُمْ يَا عُبَيْدَةُ فَلَمَّا قَامُوا وَدَنَوْا مِنْهُمْ قَالُوا مِمَّنْ أَنْتُمْ؟ قَالَ حَمْزَةُ أَنَا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَقَالَ عُبَيْدَةُ أَنَا عُبَيْدَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ فَقَالُوا نَعَمْ أَكْفَاءٌ كِرَامٌ فَبَارَزَ عُبَيْدَةُ عُتْبَةَ فَاخْتَلَفَا ضَرْبَتَيْنِ كِلَاهُمَا أَثْبَتَ صَاحِبَهُ وَبَارَزَ حَمْزَةُ شَيْبَةَ فَقَتَلَهُ مَكَانَهُ وَبَارَزَ عَلِيٌّ الْوَلِيدَ فَقَتَلَهُ مَكَانَهُ ثُمَّ كَرَّا عَلَى عُتْبَةَ فَذَفَفَا عَلَيْهِ وَاحْتَمَلَا صَاحِبَهُمَا فَحَازُوهُ إِلَى الرَّحْلِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبَارَزَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ مَرْحَبًا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ بِأَمْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبَارَزَ يَوْمَئِذٍ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ يَاسِرًا  

[Machine] The Jewish man from the fortress of Khaybar welcomed them while arming himself and asking who would duel. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked who was his opponent and Muhammad ibn Maslamah replied, "I am his opponent, O Messenger of Allah. I swear by Allah, I am the raging avenger. They killed my brother yesterday." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Stand up, may Allah assist you against him." Muhammad ibn Maslamah remembered the conversation and described their fighting. Muhammad ibn Maslamah struck him until he killed him. Ibn Ishaq said, "Yasir came out, and Zubayr confronted him." Safiyyah said, "When Zubayr went out to him, she said, 'O Messenger of Allah, he will kill my son!' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Rather, it is your son who will kill him, if Allah wills.' Zubayr went out while arming himself and then they met. Zubayr killed him." And it was mentioned that Ali killed Yasir in this narration. And in this narration, it is mentioned that Muhammad ibn Maslamah killed Marhab.  

مَرْحَبٌ الْيَهُودِيُّ مِنْ حِصْنِ خَيْبَرَ وَقَدْ جَمَعَ سِلَاحَهُ وَهُوَ يَرْتَجِزُ وَيَقُولُ مَنْ يُبَارِزُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ لِهَذَا؟ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ أَنَا لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا وَاللهِ الْمَوْتُورُ الثَّائِرُ قَتَلُوا أَخِي بِالْأَمْسِ قَالَ قُمْ إِلَيْهِ اللهُمَّ أَعِنْهُ عَلَيْهِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي كَيْفِيَّةِ قِتَالِهِمَا قَالَ وَضَرَبَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ خَرَجَ يَاسِرٌ فَبَرَزَ لَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ ؓ فَقَالَتْ صَفِيَّةُ ؓ لَمَّا خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ الزُّبَيْرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ يَقْتُلُ ابْنِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَلِ ابْنُكِ يَقْتُلُهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَخَرَجَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَهُوَ يَرْتَجِزُ ثُمَّ الْتَقَيَا فَقَتَلَهُ الزُّبَيْرُ قَالَ وَكَانَ ذَكَرَ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ هُوَ قَتَلَ يَاسِرًا كَذَا فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ هُوَ قَتَلَ مَرْحَبًا  

[Machine] We accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he mentioned the Hadith in detail. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent for Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) and called him while he was blind in one eye. He said, "Today I will give the banner to a man whom Allah and His Messenger love, and he loves them." He said, "I brought him and I led him." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ spat in his eyes, and he recovered. Then he gave him the banner. He said, "So Marhab emerged and he said, 'I am the renowned Marhab, the brave warrior when battles approach and flames ignite.' He said, 'So Ali emerged and he said, 'I am the one whom my mother named Haydar, resembling the fierce lions in sight. I repay them measure for measure like the pound of a hammer.' Marhab struck him with his sword, and it split his head, killing him. And Fath (victory) was achieved."  

قَدِمْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ قَالَ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ ؓ يَدْعُوهُ وَهُوَ أَرْمَدُ فَقَالَ لَأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ الْيَوْمَ رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَيُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قَالَ فَجِئْتُ بِهِ أَقُودُهُ قَالَ فَبَصَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي عَيْنَيْهِ فَبَرَأَ فَأَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ قَالَ فَبَرَزَ مَرْحَبٌ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ [البحر الرجز] قَدْ عَلِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ أَنِّي مَرْحَبُ شَاكِي السِّلَاحِ بَطَلٌ مُجَرَّبُ إِذَا الْحُرُوبُ أَقْبَلَتْ تَلَهَّبُ قَالَ فَبَرَزَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ [البحر الرجز] أَنَا الَّذِي سَمَّتْنِي أُمِّي حَيْدَرَهْ كَلَيْثِ غَابَاتٍ كَرِيهِ الْمَنْظَرَهْ أُوفِيهِمُ بِالصَّاعِ كَيْلَ السَّنْدَرَهْ فَضَرَبَ مَرْحَبًا فَفَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَكَانَ الْفَتْحُ  

[Machine] From his father, he mentioned the story in Khaybar and mentioned the departure of Marhab and his boasting, and the statement of Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) with its meaning except that he said, "I will give them a ration equal to the weight of the sand-drawer." He said, so they disagreed and exchanged two blows, so Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) attacked him and struck him, causing him to lose the stone, the pardon, his head, and fall into the traps, and he took over the city.  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَذَكَرَ الْقِصَّةَ فِي خَيْبَرَ وَذَكَرَ خُرُوجَ مَرْحَبٍ وَرَجْزَهُ وَقَوْلَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ بِمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ أُكِيلُهُمْ بِالصَّاعِ كَيْلَ السَّنْدَرَهْ قَالَ فَاخْتَلَفَا ضَرْبَتَيْنِ فَبَدَرَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَضَرَبَهُ فَقَدَّ الْحَجَرَ وَالْمِغْفَرَ وَرَأْسَهُ وَوَقَعَ فِي الْأَضْرَاسِ وَأَخَذَ الْمَدِينَةَ  

[Machine] Then he called for the lamp and called for Ali, while he was complaining about his eyes. He wiped them, and then the lamp was brought to him, and it was opened for him. I heard Abdullah bin Buraida saying: "My father narrated to me that he was a companion of Marhab."  

ثُمَّ دَعَا بِاللِّوَاءِ فَدَعَا عَلِيًّا ؓ وَهُوَ يَشْتَكِي عَيْنَيْهِ فَمَسَحَهُمَا ثُمَّ دَفَعَ إِلَيْهِ اللِّوَاءَ فَفُتِحَ لَهُ فَسَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ بُرَيْدَةَ يَقُولُ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ صَاحِبَ مَرْحَبٍ  

[Machine] I came to the Prophet ﷺ with a handful of dates and Salih ibn Ahmad narrated from his father, from Husayn ibn Hasan al-Ashqar, with a similar meaning. Al-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: 'Ali ibn Abi Talib appeared on the day of the Trench, along with 'Amr ibn 'Abd al-Wud.'  

جِئْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِرَأْسِ مَرْحَبٍ وَرَوَاهُ صَالِحُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ حَسَنٍ الْأَشْقَرِ بِمَعْنَاهُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ بَارَزَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ عَمْرَو بْنَ عَبْدِ وُدٍّ  

[Machine] It was Amr. He sat down and called out "Oh Amr, isn't there a man?" He criticized them and said, "Where is your paradise that you claim whoever is killed among you will enter it? Doesn't a man come forward?" So Ali stood up and said, "I am, O Messenger of Allah." So the Prophet ﷺ said, "Sit down." Then he called out for the third time and mentioned a poem, so Ali stood up again and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am." He said, "Indeed, it is Amr." He said, "Even if it is Amr, the Messenger of Allah has given him permission." So he walked towards him until he reached him and mentioned a poem. So Amr said to him, "Who are you?" He said, "I am Ali." He said, "Son of Abd Manaf?" He said, "No, I am Ali, son of Abu Talib." He said, "Someone other than you, O son of my brother, who is more noble and honored than you, for I dislike shedding your blood." Ali said, "But, by Allah, I do not dislike shedding your blood." So he became angry, descended from his horse, and unsheathed his sword as if it were a flaming torch. Then he approached Ali angrily, and Ali faced him with his shield. Amr struck him on the shield, causing it to break and the sword to get stuck in it. He hit Ali on the head, causing it to bleed, and Ali struck him on the neck, causing him to fall down. The people rushed in and chaos ensued, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard the takbeer and realized that Ali had killed him.  

إِنَّهُ عَمْرٌو اجْلِسْ وَنَادَى عَمْرٌو أَلَا رَجُلٌ؟ وَهُوَ يُؤَنِّبُهُمْ وَيَقُولُ أَيْنَ جَنَّتُكُمُ الَّتِي تَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْكُمْ دَخَلَهَا؟ أَفَلَا يَبْرُزُ إِلِيَّ رَجُلٌ؟ فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ فَقَالَ أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ اجْلِسْ ثُمَّ نَادَى الثَّالِثَةَ وَذَكَرَ شِعْرًا فَقَامَ عَلِيٌّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ عَمْرٌو قَالَ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَمْرًا فَأَذِنَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَمَشَى إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ وَذَكَرَ شِعْرًا فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمْرٌو مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ أَنَا عَلِيٌّ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ؟ فَقَالَ أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ غَيْرُكَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي مِنْ أَعْمَامِكَ مَنْ هُوَ أَسَنُّ مِنْكَ فَإِنِّي أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُهَرِيقَ دَمَكَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ لَكِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا أَكْرَهُ أَنْ أُهَرِيقَ دَمَكَ فَغَضِبَ فَنَزَلَ وَسَلَّ سَيْفَهُ كَأَنَّهُ شُعْلَةُ نَارٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ نَحْوَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مُغْضَبًا وَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ بِدَرَقَتِهِ فَضَرَبَهُ عَمْرٌو فِي الدَّرَقَةِ فَقَدَّهَا وَأَثْبَتَ فِيهَا السَّيْفَ وَأَصَابَ رَأْسَهُ فَشَجَّهُ وَضَرَبَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ عَلَى حَبْلِ الْعَاتِقِ فَسَقَطَ وَثَارَ الْعَجَاجُ وَسَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ التَّكْبِيرَ فَعَرَفَ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ قَدْ قَتَلَهُ  

[Machine] He ﷺ said, "O Caliph of the Messenger of Allah, he ﷺ has a problem. They do that." He said, "Is he asking for assistance from the Persians and the Romans? He should not bring me his account. The book and the news are sufficient for me."  

لَهُ عُقْبَةُ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّهُمْ يَصْنَعُونَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَفَاسْتِنَانٌ بِفَارِسَ وَالرُّومِ؟ لَا يُحْمَلْ إِلِيَّ رَأْسٌ فَإِنَّمَا يَكْفِي الْكِتَابُ وَالْخَبَرُ  

[Machine] He came to us with the head of a peculiar penguin, and we had no need for it. This is merely a foreign tradition.  

إِنَّهُ قُدِمَ عَلَيْنَا بِرَأْسِ يَنَاقٍ الْبِطْرِيقِ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ لَنَا بِهِ حَاجَةٌ إِنَّمَا هَذِهِ سُنَّةُ الْعَجَمِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ never had a head carried to Madinah, neither on the day of Badr. However, it was Abu Bakr who had a head carried to him and he disliked that. The first person who had heads carried to him was Abdullah ibn Zubayr. The Sheikh said, and Abu Dawood narrated in Al-Marasil from Abdullah ibn Al-Jarrah from Hammad ibn Usamah from Bashir ibn Uqbah from Abu Nadrah who said, "The Prophet ﷺ met the enemy and said, 'Whoever brings a head, they will have whatever they wish from Allah.' So two men came with a head and they disputed over it, and the Prophet ﷺ ruled in favor of one of them." Abu Bakr ibn Muhammad informed us that Abu Al-Husayn Al-Fasawi narrated from Abu Ali Al-Luʿluʼi from Abu Dawood who mentioned it. This is a disconnected hadith in which it is established that there is incitement to kill the enemy, but there is no mention of a head being transported from the land of disbelief to the land of Islam.  

لَمْ يُحْمَلْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رَأْسٌ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ قَطُّ وَلَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَحُمِلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَرِهَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ حُمِلَتْ إِلَيْهِ الرُّءُوسُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ 18354 قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَالَّذِي رَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي الْمَرَاسِيلِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ أُسَامَةَ عَنْ بَشِيرِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ قَالَ لَقِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْعَدُوَّ فَقَالَ مَنْ جَاءَ بِرَأْسٍ فَلَهُ عَلَى اللهِ مَا تَمَنَّى فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلَانِ بِرَأْسٍ فَاخْتَصَمَا فِيهِ فَقَضَى بِهِ لِأَحَدِهِمَا أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَسَوِيُّ ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُ فَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَفِيهِ إِنْ ثَبَتَ تَحْرِيضٌ عَلَى قَتْلِ الْعَدُوِّ وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ نَقْلُ الرَّأْسِ مِنْ بِلَادِ الشِّرْكِ إِلَى بِلَادِ الْإِسْلَامِ  

[Machine] "They were buying it, so the Prophet ﷺ prohibited them from selling a carcass of a polytheist."  

يَشْتَرُوهُ فَنَهَاهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَبِيعُوا جِيفَةَ مُشْرِكٍ  

[Machine] A man from the polytheists was killed on the day of the Battle of the Trench. The polytheists sent a message to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking him to send them his body and they would give him twelve thousand (pieces of money). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no goodness in his body nor in its price."  

رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قُتِلَ يَوْمَ الْأَحْزَابِ فَبَعَثَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنِ ابْعَثْ إِلَيْنَا بِجَسَدِهِ وَنُعْطِيَكَ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا خَيْرَ فِي جَسَدِهِ وَلَا فِي ثَمَنِهِ  

[Machine] Imam Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "I do not know what to say about the land of As-Sawad unless it is a probable assumption linked to knowledge. This is because I found the most reliable narration being transmitted by the people of Kufa when they talked about it in As-Sawad, which does not contain a clear statement. I also found conflicting narrations from their statements, some of which claim that As-Sawad is peaceful, while others claim it is tumultuous. And they also say that some parts of As-Sawad are peaceful, while others are tumultuous."  

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَلَا أَعْرِفُ مَا أَقُولُ فِي أَرْضِ السَّوَادِ إِلَّا ظَنًّا مَقْرُونًا إِلَى عِلْمٍ وَذَلِكَ أَنِّي وَجَدْتُ أَصَحَّ حَدِيثٍ يَرْوِيهِ الْكُوفِيُّونَ عِنْدَهُمْ فِي السَّوَادِ لَيْسَ فِيهِ بَيَانٌ وَوَجَدْتُ أَحَادِيثَ مِنْ أَحَادِيثِهِمْ تُخَالِفُهُ مِنْهَا أَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ السَّوَادُ صُلْحٌ وَيَقُولُونَ السَّوَادُ عَنْوَةٌ وَيَقُولُونَ بَعْضُ السَّوَادِ صُلْحٌ وَبَعْضُهُ عَنْوَةٌ  

[Machine] Blackness includes goodness and rebellion. So, whatever is rebellion is for the Muslims, and whatever is goodness is for them to possess their wealth.  

السَّوَادُ مِنْهُ صُلْحٌ وَمِنْهُ عَنْوَةٌ فَمَا كَانَ مِنْهُ عَنْوَةٌ فَهُوَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهُ صُلْحٌ فَلَهُمْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ  

[Machine] Land cannot be sold without the mountain, except for the land of Bani Saluba and the land of Al-Hira, for they have a covenant. Al-Hasan ibn Salih said: We used to hear that what is below the mountain, beyond it, is reconciliation.  

لَا تُبَاعُ أَرْضٌ دُونَ الْجَبَلِ إِلَّا أَرْضُ بَنِي صَلُوبَا وَأَرْضُ الْحِيرَةِ فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ عَهْدًا قَالَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ كُنَّا نَسْمَعُ أَنَّ مَا دُونَ الْجَبَلِ مِمَّا وَرَاءَهُ صُلْحٌ  

[Machine] There is no covenant for the people of as-Sawad except for the land of al-Hira. And was not Banuqya said to Shurayk, "The people of Banuqya guided Jareer ibn Abdullah to a meeting." And the people of Alisa sent down Abu Ubaydah and they guided him to something. Yahya said, "I think he means a weakness for the enemy."  

لَيْسَ لِأَهْلِ السَّوَادِ عَهْدٌ إِلَّا أَرْضَ الْحِيرَةِ وَأَلِيسَ وَبَانِقْيَا قَالَ شَرِيكٌ إِنَّ أَهْلَ بَانِقْيَا كَانُوا دَلُّوا جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَلَى مَخَاضَةٍ وَأَهْلُ أَلِيسَ كَانُوا أَنْزَلُوا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ وَدَلُّوهُ عَلَى شَيْءٍ قَالَ يَحْيَى أَظُنُّهُ يَعْنِي عَوْرَةً لِلْعَدُوِّ  

[Machine] "And he wrote to Abu Bakr about that, and he approved it. Yahya said, I said to Al-Hasan bin Salih, 'The people of Ayn al-Tamr are like the people of Hira. It is only something upon them, and there is nothing on their land.' He said, 'Yes.'"  

وَكَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَأَجَازَهُ قَالَ يَحْيَى قُلْتُ لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ فَأَهْلُ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ مِثْلُ أَهْلِ الْحِيرَةِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ شَيْءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى أَرْضِهِمْ شَيْءٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ  

[Machine] We arrived at the people of Hira, so we made peace with them for a thousand dirhams and a camel. He said, "I asked my father, what did you do with that camel?" He replied, "We had a companion who did not have a camel like this in his book, a thousand dirhams, and another said seventy thousand dirhams."  

انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى أَهْلِ الْحِيرَةِ فَصَالَحْنَاهُمْ عَلَى أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَرَحْلٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي مَا صَنَعْتُمْ بِذَلِكَ الرَّحْلِ؟ قَالَ صَاحِبٌ لَنَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ رَحْلٌ كَذَا فِي كِتَابِي أَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ سَبْعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ  

[Machine] To buy from the land of confusion because they are peaceful.  

أَنْ يَشْتَرُوا مِنْ أَرْضِ الْحِيرَةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُمْ صُلْحٌ  

[Machine] The people of confusion only agreed on what they did not divide among themselves, and there is nothing significant on the leaders' heads.  

أَهْلُ الْحِيرَةِ إِنَّمَا صُولِحُوا عَلَى مَا لَمْ يَقْتَسِمُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى رُءُوسِ الرِّجَالِ شَيْءٌ  

[Machine] A contract.  

عَقْدٌ  

[Machine] There is no fixed agreement for the people of the black towards any specific ruling.  

لَيْسَ لِأَهْلِ السَّوَادِ عَهْدٌ إِنَّمَا نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمٍ  

[Machine] They did not have any covenant, so when they were satisfied with the tribute, they made a covenant with them.  

أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ فِي زَمَنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ عَنْ أَهْلِ السَّوَادِ أَلَهُمْ عَهْدٌ؟ قَالَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ عَهْدٌ فَلَمَّا رُضِيَ مِنْهُمْ بِالْخَرَاجِ صَارَ لَهُمُ الْعَهْدُ  

[Machine] Umar ibn Al-Khattab came to them and reconciled with them regarding the tax payment.  

وَرَدَّ إِلَيْهِمْ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَرْضَهُمْ وَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى الْخَرَاجِ  

[Machine] Omar to Saad, when Iraq was opened. After that, your letter reached me, reminding me that people asked for you to distribute their spoils, but Allah did not grant them anything. So when my letter reaches you, see what people bring to you from the army, whether it is livestock or wealth, and distribute it among those Muslims who are present. Leave the lands and rivers to their workers, as that will be given to the Muslims. If you distribute it among those present, there will be nothing left for those who come after them.  

عُمَرُ إِلَى سَعْدٍ ؓ حِينَ افْتَتَحَ الْعِرَاقَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَقَدْ بَلَغَنِي كِتَابُكَ تَذْكُرُ أَنَّ النَّاسَ سَأَلُوكَ أَنْ تَقْسِمَ بَيْنَهُمْ مَغَانِمَهُمْ وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا جَاءَكَ كِتَابِي هَذَا فَانْظُرْ مَا أَجْلَبَ النَّاسُ عَلَيْكَ إِلَى الْعَسْكَرِ مِنْ كُرَاعٍ أَوْ مَالٍ فَاقْسِمْهُ بَيْنَ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاتْرُكِ الْأَرَضِينَ وَالْأَنْهَارَ لِعُمَّالِهَا فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ فِي أَعْطِيَاتِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ قَسَمْتَهَا بَيْنَ مَنْ حَضَرَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِمَنْ بَقِيَ بَعْدَهُمْ شَيْءٌ  

[Machine] They counted and found the Muslim man being attacked by three of the farmers, meaning the disabled. So, they consulted the companions of the Prophet ﷺ about it. Ali said, "Leave them, they can serve as resources for the Muslims." So, Uthman bin Hunayf was sent and he placed a tax of 84, 24, and 12 on them.  

أَنْ يُحْصَوْا فَوَجَدُوا الرَّجُلَ الْمُسْلِمَ يُصِيبُهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنَ الْفَلَّاحِينَ يَعْنِي الْعُلُوجَ فَشَاوَرَ أَصْحَابَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ دَعْهُمْ يَكُونُونَ مَادَّةً لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَبَعَثَ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ حُنَيْفٍ فَوَضَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثَمَانِيَةً وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَأَرْبَعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ وَاثْنَيْ عَشَرَ  

[Machine] And the tribute (tax) was 7,000,000. But when the famine occurred, the people burned the government building and each group took what was behind them.  

وَكَانَ خَرَاجُ مَنْ أَصْفَى سَبْعَةَ آلَافِ أَلْفٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْجَمَاجِمُ أَحْرَقَ النَّاسُ الدِّيوَانَ وَأَخَذَ كُلُّ قَوْمٍ مَا يَلِيهِمْ  

[Machine] Hudhayfah purified the land of Kisra and the land of the family of Kisra, and whoever was of Kisra, he purified his land and the land of those who were killed and those who fled, and also the lands of foreigners and the stinking water.  

أَصْفَى حُذَيْفَةُ أَرْضَ كِسْرَى وَأَرْضَ آلِ كِسْرَى وَمَنْ كَانَ كِسْرَى أَصْفَى أَرْضَهُ وَأَرْضَ مَنْ قُتِلَ وَمَنْ هَرَبَ وَالْآجَامَ وَمَغِيضَ الْمَاءِ  

[Machine] One of you will swear that he will go down into the village and say, "My village, bury me" or he will say, "My village, abandon me" or he will say, "By God, I will inform them." Abu Sa'id narrated to us, Abu al-Abbas informed us, Al-Rabi' said, Al-Shafi'i said, and they say, "Indeed, Jarir ibn Abdullah al-Bajali."  

أَنْ أَقْسِمَ السَّوَادَ يَنْزِلُ أَحَدُكُمُ الْقَرْيَةَ فَيَقُولُ قَرْيَتِي لَتَكُفُّنِّي أَوْ قَالَ لَتَدَعُنِّي أَوْ لَأَقْسِمَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَيَقُولُونَ إِنَّ جَرِيرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْبَجَلِيَّ  

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i, in his narration, praised me for my right, saying that it was ninety-eight. And in his narration, he said, "Fulana witnessed Abu al-Qadasiyyah, and his arrow remained steady. I will not embrace Islam until you give me this and give me that." So he gave it to her, and Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah narrated it from Ismail, mentioning the story of Jarir. Hushaym also narrated it from Ismail, mentioning it and the story of the woman, and he mentioned that she was the mother of Kurz. And he mentioned that she said, "I will not embrace Islam until you carry me on a submissive camel, with red silk on it, and my hands are filled with gold." So he did that, and the dinars were about eighty.  

الشَّافِعِيُّ فَكَانَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ وَعَاضَنِي مِنْ حَقِّي فِيهِ نَيِّفًا وَثَمَانِينَ وَكَانَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَقَالَتْ فُلَانَةُ شَهِدَ أَبِي الْقَادِسِيَّةَ وَثَبَتَ سَهْمُهُ وَلَا أُسْلِمُهُ حَتَّى تُعْطِيَنِي كَذَا وَتُعْطِيَنِي كَذَا فَأَعْطَاهَا إِيَّاهُ وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ جَرِيرٍ وَرَوَاهُ هُشَيْمٌ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ فَذَكَرَهَا وَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ الْمَرْأَةِ وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهَا أُمُّ كُرْزٍ وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ وَإِنِّي لَسْتُ أُسْلِمُ حَتَّى تَحْمِلَنِي عَلَى نَاقَةٍ ذَلُولٍ وَعَلَيْهَا قَطِيفَةٌ حَمْرَاءُ وَتَمْلَأُ كَفِّي ذَهَبًا فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَتِ الدَّنَانِيرُ نَحْوًا مِنْ ثَمَانِينَ دِينَارًا  

[Machine] "O Jarir, by Allah, if it were not for the fact that I am a responsible distributor, I would have given you what was allocated for you. But I see that I should return it to the Muslims, so I will return it. He had allocated a quarter of the revenues to Bjilah, so they collected the tax for three years and then he returned it and gave them eighty dinars."  

عُمَرُ ؓ لِجَرِيرٍ يَا جَرِيرُ وَاللهِ لَوْمَا أَنِّي قَاسِمٌ مَسئُولٌ لَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى مَا قُسِمَ لَكُمْ وَلَكِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ أَرُدَّهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَرَدَّهُ وَكَانَ جَعَلَ رُبْعَ السَّوَادِ لِبَجِيلَةَ فَأَخَذُوا الْخَرَاجَ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ فَرَدَّهُ وَأَعْطَاهُ ثَمَانِينَ دِينَارًا  

[Machine] We were a quarter of the people on the day of Al-Qadisiyah, so Umar gave us a quarter of the booty, and we took it for three years. Then Jarir went to Umar after that and said, "By Allah, if it were not for the fact that I am responsible and accountable, you would have received what was divided to you. So I suggest that you return it to the Muslims." Umar agreed and reimbursed him with eighty dinars.  

كُنَّا رُبْعَ النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْقَادِسِيَّةِ فَأَعْطَانَا عُمَرُ ؓ رُبْعَ السَّوَادِ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ ثُمَّ وَفَدَ جَرِيرٌ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَوْلَا أَنِّي قَاسِمٌ مَسْئُولٌ لَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى مَا قُسِمَ لَكُمْ فَأَرَى أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَفَعَلَ وَأَجَازَهُ بِثَمَانِينَ دِينَارًا  

[Machine] Umar bin Khattab and his people were living in poverty, so he took him (Jariyah) for two or three years. Then Jariyah visited Umar with Ammar bin Yasir, and Umar said to him, "O Jariyah, if it weren't for me being held responsible, you would still be in the same situation. But I think you should return what you owe to the Muslims." Umar gave him eighty dinars.  

عُمَرُ ؓ جَرِيرًا وَقَوْمَهُ رُبْعَ السَّوَادِ فَأَخَذَهُ سَنَتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ إِنَّ جَرِيرًا وَفَدَ إِلَى عُمَرَ مَعَ عَمَّارٍ ؓ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ يَا جَرِيرُ لَوْلَا أَنِّي قَاسِمٌ مَسْئُولٌ لَكُنْتُمْ عَلَى مَا كُنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَلَكِنْ أَرَى أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَرَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَعْطَاهُ عُمَرُ ؓ ثَمَانِينَ دِينَارًا  

[Machine] "To come to Iraq, and for you to have a quarter or a third after the fifth of every land and property. This is disconnected and what came before it is connected, and it is not in the narrated reports that we heard and did not mention in the blackness of Iraq, more accurate than it, as Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: Abu Sa'id informed us, Abu Al-Abbas narrated from Ar-Rabi', who said: Ash-Shafi'i said: In this hadith, there is evidence that when Jarir gave Bajali compensation for his arrow and when a woman gave compensation for her father’s arrow, it was understood that those who were wronged would give up their rights, so it became a provision for the Muslims, and this is permissible for the leader if a land is conquered forcefully, and he counts those who conquered it and they are pleased to give up their rights from it so that the leader makes it a provision, and their rights from it are four fifths and the people of the fifth are given their rights, except for those who renounced their rights, so it belongs to him. The ruling on the land is like the ruling on money, and the Prophet, ﷺ , took the Hawazin captive and divided four fifths between those who actively participated, then the delegations of the Hawazin came and they became Muslims and asked him to return what he had taken from them, so he gave them the choice between wealth and prisoners, and they chose their wealth, so the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , left their right and the right of his family. Al-Muhajirun heard about it, so they left their rights, and the Ansar heard about it, so they left their rights, and there remained a group of the remaining migrants and the Fathiyin. He commanded that each group be known individually, and one person from each group be chosen. Then he said: Bring me the best of those who remain. So whoever disliked, it was upon him that he was given a certain number of camels until a specific time, which he mentioned. So they brought the best of themselves, except Al-Aqra bin Habis and 'Uyaynah bin Badr, for they refused to slander the Hawazin, so the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , did not force them to do so until they were left, after 'Uyaynah deceived him regarding his right, and the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , surrendered to them their right, and he surrendered the right of whoever was pleased not to claim his right. Ash-Shafi'i said: This is the most important matter for 'Umar ibn Al-Khattab, in our view in Al-Sawad and its conquests, if it was conquered forcefully. And what Ash-Shafi'i mentioned regarding the matter of the Hawazin has already been mentioned in the hadith of Al-Miswar ibn Makhramah, and in the narration of 'Amr ibn Shu'aib from his father from his grandfather."  

أَنْ تَأْتِيَ الْعِرَاقَ وَلَكَ الرُّبُعُ أَوِ الثُّلُثُ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْضٍ وَشَيْءٍ هَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَالَّذِي قَبْلَهُ مَوْصُولٌ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْآثَارِ الَّتِي رُوِّينَاهَا وَلَمْ نَرُدَّهَا فِي سَوَادِ الْعِرَاقِ أَصَحُّ مِنْهُ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ دِلَالَةٌ إِذْ أَعْطَى جَرِيرًا الْبَجَلِيَّ عِوَضًا مِنْ سَهْمِهِ وَالْمَرْأَةَ عِوَضًا مِنْ سَهْمِ أَبِيهَا أَنَّهُ اسْتَطَابَ أَنْفُسَ الَّذِينَ أَوْجَفُوا عَلَيْهِ فَتَرَكُوا حُقُوقَهُمْ مِنْهُ فَجَعَلَهُ وَقْفًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَهَذَا حَلَالٌ لِلْإِمَامِ لَوِ افْتُتِحَ الْيَوْمَ أَرْضٌ عَنْوَةً فَأَحْصَى مَنِ افْتَتَحَهَا وَطَابُوا أَنْفُسًا عَنْ حُقُوقِهِمْ مِنْهَا أَنْ يَجْعَلَهَا الْإِمَامُ وَقْفًا وَحُقُوقُهُمْ مِنْهَا الْأَرْبَعَةُ الْأَخْمَاسِ وَيُوَفَّى أَهْلُ الْخُمُسِ حَقَّهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ يَدَعَ الْبَالِغُونَ مِنْهُمْ حُقُوقَهُمْ فَيَكُونَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ وَالْحُكْمُ فِي الْأَرْضِ كَالْحُكْمِ فِي الْمَالِ وَقَدْ سَبَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَوَازِنَ وَقَسَمَ أَرْبَعَةَ الْأَخْمَاسِ بَيْنَ الْمُوجِفِينَ ثُمَّ جَاءَتْهُ وُفُودُ هَوَازِنَ مُسْلِمِينَ فَسَأَلُوهُ أَنْ يَمُنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَنْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُمْ فَخَيَّرَهُمْ بَيْنَ الْأَمْوَالِ وَالسَّبْيِ فَقَالُوا خَيَّرْتَنَا بَيْنَ أَحْسَابِنَا وَأَمْوَالِنَا فَنَخْتَارُ أَحْسَابَنَا فَتَرَكَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَقَّهُ وَحَقَّ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ فَتَرَكُوا لَهُ حُقُوقَهُمْ وَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ الْأَنْصَارُ فَتَرَكُوا لَهُ حُقُوقَهُمْ وَبَقِيَ قَوْمٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْآخِرِينَ وَالْفَتْحِيِّينَ فَأَمَرَ فَعَرَفَ عَلَى كُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ وَاحِدٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ ائْتُونِي بِطِيبِ أَنْفُسِ مَنْ بَقِيَ فَمَنْ كَرِهَ فَلَهُ عَلَيَّ كَذَا وَكَذَا مِنَ الْإِبِلِ إِلَى وَقْتٍ ذَكَرَهُ فَجَاءُوا بِطِيبِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ إِلَّا الْأَقْرَعَ بْنَ حَابِسٍ وَعُيَيْنَةَ بْنَ بَدْرٍ فَإِنَّهُمَا أَبَيَا لِيُعَيِّرَا هَوَازِنَ فَلَمْ يُكْرِهْهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى ذَلِكَ حَتَّى كَانَا هُمَا تَرَكَا بَعْدَ أَنْ خَدَعَ عُيَيْنَةُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَقَّ مَنْ طَابَ نَفْسُهُ عَنْ حَقِّهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَهَذَا أَوْلَى الْأُمُورِ بِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ عِنْدَنَا فِي السَّوَادِ وَفُتُوحِهِ إِنْ كَانَتْ عَنْوَةً وَهَذَا الَّذِي ذَكَرَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ مِنْ أَمْرِ هَوَازِنَ قَدْ مَضَى فِي حَدِيثِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "I was presented with the option as if to choose between the horns of a dilemma, and indeed, you will soon open it." A man stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, give me the daughter of Baki'ah." He said, "She is yours, so they gave her to him." Then her father came and said, "Do you want to sell her?" He replied, "Yes." The father asked, "For how much?" The man said, "Name any price you wish." The father said, "One thousand dirhams." The man replied, "I have already taken her." They said to him, "If you had said thirty thousand, he would have given her to you." The man said, "Is there a number greater than a thousand?" Ibn Abi 'Umar narrated this incident from Sufyan in the same way, and others also reported it from him, from 'Ali ibn Zaid bin Jud'an. The well-known hadith about this incident is narrated by Khuwaym bin 'Aws, who is the one chosen by the Messenger of Allah to give him this woman. This incident has also been narrated in the book "Evidence of Prophethood" at the end of the Battle of Tabuk.  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مُثِّلَتْ لِيَ الْحِيرَةُ كَأَنْيَابِ الْكِلَابِ وَإِنَّكُمْ سَتَفْتَحُونَهَا فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَبْ لِيَ ابْنَةَ بَقِيلَةَ قَالَ هِيَ لَكَ فَأَعْطَوْهُ إِيَّاهَا فَجَاءَ أَبُوهَا فَقَالَ أَتَبِيعُهَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ بِكَمْ؟ احْكُمْ مَا شِئْتَ قَالَ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ قَدْ أَخَذْتُهَا قَالُوا لَهُ لَوْ قُلْتَ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا لَأَخَذَهَا قَالَ وَهَلْ عَدَدٌ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ أَلْفٍ؟ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ هَكَذَا وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ عَنْهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ وَالْمَشْهُورُ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ عَنْ خُرَيْمِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةَ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي كِتَابِ دَلَائِلِ النُّبُوَّةِ فِي آخِرِ غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ  

[Machine] I have sent you and I from this wealth as a guardian of the orphan's wealth. "Whoever is rich, let him refrain, and whoever is poor, let him eat with kindness." [An-Nisa 6] And I do not see a town from which a sheep is taken every day, except that it will quickly be destroyed. Uthman ibn Hunayf placed ten dirhams on the grape harvest, I think eight on the date palm harvest, six on the sugarcane harvest, four on the barley harvest, two dirhams on their heads for every man, twenty-four for each year, and he took from them in return for what was taken from the women and children and in what they differed in their trades, half of the one tenth. Then he wrote this to Umar and he approved and was satisfied with it. Umar was asked, "How do we take from the merchants of war when they come to us?" Umar said, "How do they take from you when you come to their land?" They said, "The one tenth." He said, "Then take the same from them." This was narrated by Yazid ibn Zurai through Said ibn Abi Arubah, and he said, "And on the date palm harvest, eight, and on the sugarcane harvest, six, without hesitation."  

أَنْزَلْتُكُمْ وَإِيَّايَ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ كَمَنْزِلَةِ وَالِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ {مَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ} [النساء 6] وَمَا أَرَى قَرْيَةً يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهَا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ شَاةٌ إِلَّا كَانَ ذَلِكَ سَرِيعًا فِي خَرَابِهَا قَالَ فَوَضَعَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ عَلَى جَرِيبِ الْكَرْمِ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ النَّخْلِ أَظُنُّهُ قَالَ ثَمَانِيَةً وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ الْقَصَبِ سِتَّةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ الْبُرِّ أَرْبَعَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ الشَّعِيرِ دِرْهَمَيْنِ وَعَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ عَنْ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ أَرْبَعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ كُلَّ سَنَةٍ وَعَطَّلَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَفِيمَا يُخْتَلَفُ بِهِ مِنْ تِجَارَاتِهِمْ نِصْفَ الْعُشْرِ قَالَ ثُمَّ كَتَبَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَأَجَازَ ذَلِكَ وَرَضِيَ بِهِ وَقِيلَ لِعُمَرَ رَضَيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَيْفَ نَأْخُذُ مِنْ تُجَّارِ الْحَرْبِ إِذَا قَدِمُوا عَلَيْنَا؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ كَيْفَ يَأْخُذُونَ مِنْكُمْ إِذَا أَتَيْتُمْ بِلَادَهُمْ؟ قَالُوا الْعُشْرَ قَالَ فَكَذَلِكَ خُذُوا مِنْهُمْ وَرَوَاهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ وَقَالَ وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ النَّخْلِ ثَمَانِيَةٌ وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ الْقَصَبِ سِتَّةٌ لَمْ يَشُكَّ  

[Machine] "And Waki' (a measure) means wheat and barley, and he placed ten dirhams on every grain of grapes and five dirhams on a grain of dates."  

وَكِيعٌ يَعْنِي الْحِنْطَةَ وَالشَّعِيرَ وَضَعَ عَلَى كُلِّ جَرِيبِ الْكَرْمِ عَشَرَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَعَلَى جَرِيبِ الرِّطَابِ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ  

[Machine] He placed a dirham on each of the two date palm tree fronds, and a dirham on the Persian horse.  

أَنَّهُ وَضَعَ عَلَى النَّخْلِ عَلَى الدِّفْلَتَيْنِ دِرْهَمًا وَعَلَى الْفَارِسِيَّةِ دِرْهَمًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "If Iraq withholds its dirhams and qafiz, and if Sham withholds its mudd and dinar, and if Egypt withholds its irdabb and dinar, and you return from where you started, and you return from where you started, and you return from where you started, Abu Hurairah's flesh and blood bear witness to that." Yahya said: "This hadith indicates that the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , mentioned qafiz and dirham before 'Umar placed them on the ground."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنَعَتِ الْعِرَاقُ دِرْهَمَهَا وَقَفِيزَهَا وَمَنَعَتِ الشَّامُ مُدْيَهَا وَدِينَارَهَا وَمَنَعَتْ مِصْرُ إِرْدَبَّهَا وَدِينَارَهَا وَعُدْتُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ بَدَأْتُمْ وَعُدْتُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ بَدَأْتُمْ وَعُدْتُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ بَدَأْتُمْ شَهِدَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ لَحْمُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَدَمُهُ قَالَ يَحْيَى يُرِيدُ مِنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ذَكَرَ الْقَفِيزَ وَالدِّرْهَمَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَضَعَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ  

When we conquered Khaibar, we gained neither gold nor silver as booty, but we gained cows, camels, goods and gardens. Then we departed with Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the valley of Al-Qira, and at that time Messenger of Allah ﷺ had a slave called Midʿam who had been presented to him by one of Banu Ad-Dibbab. While the slave was dismounting the saddle of Messenger of Allah ﷺ an arrow the thrower of which was unknown, came and hit him. The people said, "Congratulations to him for the martyrdom." Allah's Apostle said, "No, by Him in Whose Hand my soul is, the sheet (of cloth) which he had taken (illegally) on the day of Khaibar from the booty before the distribution of the booty, has become a flame of Fire burning him." On hearing that, a man brought one or two leather straps of shoes to the Prophet and said, "These are things I took (illegally)." On that Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "This is a strap, or these are two straps of Fire." (Using translation from Bukhārī 4234)   

افْتَتَحْنَا خَيْبَرَ فَلَمْ نَغْنَمْ ذَهَبًا وَلَا فِضَّةً إِنَّمَا غَنِمْنَا الْإِبِلَ وَالْبَقَرَ وَالْمَتَاعَ وَالْحَوَائِطَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى وَادِي الْقُرَى وَمَعَهُ عَبْدٌ لَهُ يُقَالُ لَهُ مِدْعَمٌ وَهَبَهُ لَهُ أَحَدُ بَنِي الضِّبَابِ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَحُطُّ رَحْلَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ سَهْمٌ عَائِرٌ حَتَّى أَصَابَ ذَلِكَ الْعَبْدَ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ هَنِيئًا لَهُ الشَّهَادَةُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ الشَّمْلَةَ الَّتِي أَصَابَهَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ مِنَ الْمَغَانِمِ لَمْ يُصِبْهَا الْمَقَاسِمُ لَتَشْتَعِلُ عَلَيْهِ نَارًا فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ حِينَ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِشِرَاكٍ أَوْ بِشِرَاكَيْنِ فَقَالَ هَذَا شَيْءٌ كُنْتُ أَصَبْتُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ شِرَاكٌ أَوْ شِرَاكَانِ مِنْ نَارٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , fought the people of Khaybar until he forced them to take refuge in their fortresses. He conquered their land, crops, and palm trees. He made a peace treaty with them, stipulating that they would evacuate the land and leave behind their belongings. As for the Messenger of Allah, his share was yellow and white goods. They left behind a hidden stash of wealth and jewelry belonging to Huyayy ibn Akhtab, which he had carried with him to Khaybar when Nadir was evacuated. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , asked Huyayy's brother Huwayy, "What did Huyayy do with the goods he brought from Nadir?" He replied, "His expenses and expenses of war consumed them." The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "The treaty is near and the wealth is greater than that." So the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , handed the goods to Zubayr, who punished Huwayy with a beating. Before that, Huwayy had entered a ruin and said, "I have seen Huwayy wander around this ruin." So they went and searched, and they found the goods in the ruin. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , killed Hakim's sons, one of whom was the husband of Safiyyah bint Huwayy ibn Akhtab, and he took their women and children as captives. He distributed their wealth according to the agreement they violated. They wanted to stay in the land, fix it, and settle there. The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , and his companions did not have young men to take care of it, and they had no time to do so. So he gave them Khaybar on the condition that they would have half of the crops and palm trees, and whatever else appeared to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ . Abdullah ibn Rawahah used to come to them every year and take their share, then he would give it back to them. They complained to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , about his harsh treatment, and they wanted to bribe him. He said, "O enemies of Allah, do you want to feed me unlawful things? By Allah, I came to you from the most beloved people to me, and you are the most hateful people to me, more hateful to me than monkeys and pigs. I am not biased against you. So they said, "With this, the heavens and earth are established." The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , saw a green mark on Safiyyah's body and asked her, "O Safiyyah, what is this green mark?" She said, "My head was on the stone of Ibn Hakim while I was sleeping, and I saw as if a moon fell into my lap, so I told him about it and he comforted me and said, 'I wish for a kingdom in Yathrib.'" The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , disliked Hakim because he killed her husband and her father, and he kept apologizing to her, saying, "Your father forced me to treat the Arabs unjustly, and he did this and that until I got rid of him. This was not my intention." The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , used to give each of his wives 80 measures of dates and 20 measures of barley every year. But during the time of Umar ibn Al-Khattab, they cheated the Muslims and threw Ibn Umar from the top of a house. So they called out, "Whoever has a share of Khaybar, let him come and we will divide it among them." So Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, distributed it among those who had witnessed Khaybar from the people of Hudaybiyyah.  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَاتَلَ أَهْلَ خَيْبَرَ حَتَّى أَلْجَأَهُمْ إِلَى قَصْرِهِمْ فَغَلَبَ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ وَالزَّرْعِ وَالنَّخْلِ فَصَالَحُوهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْلُوا مِنْهَا وَلَهُمْ مَا حَمَلَتْ رِكَابُهُمْ وَلِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الصَّفْرَاءُ وَالْبَيْضَاءُ وَيَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهَا وَاشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ لَا يَكْتُمُوا وَلَا يُغَيِّبُوا شَيْئًا فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا فَلَا ذِمَّةَ لَهُمْ وَلَا عَهْدَ فَغَيَّبُوا مَسْكًا فِيهِ مَالٌ وَحُلِيٌّ لِحُيِيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ كَانَ احْتَمَلَهُ مَعَهُ إِلَى خَيْبَرَ حِينَ أُجْلِيَتِ النَّضِيرُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِعَمِّ حُيَيٍّ مَا فَعَلَ مَسْكُ حُيَيٍّ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مِنَ النَّضِيرِ؟ فَقَالَ أَذْهَبَتْهُ النَّفَقَاتُ وَالْحُرُوبُ فَقَالَ الْعَهْدُ قَرِيبٌ وَالْمَالُ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَدَفَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الزُّبَيْرِ فَمَسَّهُ بِعَذَابٍ وَقَدْ كَانَ حُيَيٌّ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ دَخَلَ خَرِبَةً فَقَالَ قَدْ رَأَيْتُ حُيَيًّا يَطُوفُ فِي خَرِبَةٍ هَهُنَا فَذَهَبُوا وَطَافُوا فَوَجَدُوا الْمَسْكَ فِي الْخَرِبَةِ فَقَتَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ابْنَيْ حَقِيقٍ وَأَحَدُهُمَا زَوْجُ صَفِيَّةَ بِنْتِ حُيِيِّ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ وَسَبَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نِسَاءَهُمْ وَذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَقَسَمَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ بِالنَّكْثِ الَّذِي نَكَثُوا وَأَرَادَ أَنْ يُجْلِيَهُمْ مِنْهَا فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ دَعْنَا نَكُونُ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَرْضِ نُصْلِحُهَا وَنَقُومُ عَلَيْهَا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَا لِأَصْحَابِهِ غِلْمَانٌ يَقُومُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَكَانُوا لَا يَفْرُغُونَ أَنْ يَقُومُوا عَلَيْهَا فَأَعْطَاهُمْ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى أَنَّ لَهُمُ الشَّطْرَ عَنْ كُلِّ زَرْعٍ وَنَخْلٍ وَشَيْءٍ مَا بَدَا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ يَأْتِيهِمْ كُلَّ عَامٍ فَيَخْرُصُهَا عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ يُضَمِّنُهُمُ الشَّطْرَ فَشَكَوْا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ شِدَّةَ خَرْصِهِ وَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يَرْشُوهُ قَالَ يَا أَعْدَاءَ اللهِ تُطْعِمُونَِي السُّحْتَ؟ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلِيَّ وَلَأَنْتُمْ أَبْغَضُ إِلِيَّ مِنْ عِدَّتِكُمْ مِنَ الْقِرَدَةِ وَالْخَنَازِيرِ وَلَا يَحْمِلُنِي بُغْضِي إِيَّاكُمْ وَحُبِّي إِيَّاهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا أَعْدِلَ بَيْنَكُمْ فَقَالُوا بِهَذَا قَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ قَالَ وَرَأَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعَيْنِ صَفِيَّةَ خُضْرَةً فَقَالَ يَا صَفِيَّةُ مَا هَذِهِ الْخُضْرَةُ فَقَالَتْ كَانَ رَأْسِي فِي حِجْرِ ابْنِ حَقِيقٍ وَأَنَا نَائِمَةٌ فَرَأَيْتُ كَأَنَّ قَمَرًا وَقَعَ فِي حِجْرِي فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِذَلِكَ فَلَطَمَنِي وَقَالَ تَمَنَّيْنَ مَلِكَ يَثْرِبَ قَالَتْ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَبْغَضِ النَّاسِ إِلِيَّ قَتَلَ زَوْجِي وَأَبِي فَمَازَالَ يَعْتَذِرُ إِلِيَّ وَيَقُولُ إِنَّ أَبَاكِ أَلَّبَ عَلَيَّ الْعَرَبَ وَفَعَلَ وَفَعَلَ حَتَّى ذَهَبَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ نَفْسِي وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْطِي كُلَّ امْرَأَةٍ مِنْ نِسَائِهِ ثَمَانِينَ وَسْقًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ كُلَّ عَامٍ وَعِشْرِينَ وَسْقًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ زَمَنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ غَشُّوا الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَلْقَوَا ابْنَ عُمَرَ مِنْ فَوْقِ بَيْتٍ فَفَدَعُوا يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ مَنْ كَانَ لَهُ سَهْمٌ مِنْ خَيْبَرَ فَلْيَحْضُرْ حَتَّى نَقْسِمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَسَمَهَا بَيْنَهُمْ فَقَالَ رَئِيسُهُمْ لَا تُخْرِجْنَا دَعْنَا نَكُونُ فِيهَا كَمَا أَقَرَّنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ لِرَئِيسِهِمْ أَتُرَاهُ سَقَطَ عَنِّي قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَيْفَ بِكَ إِذَا رَقَصَتْ بِكَ رَاحِلَتُكَ نَحْوَ الشَّامِ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ يَوْمًا وَقَسَمَهَا عُمَرُ ؓ بَيْنَ مَنْ كَانَ شَهِدَ خَيْبَرَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ  

[Machine] He heard some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appeared in Khaybar, he divided it into thirty-six portions. Each portion consisted of one hundred shares, with half of the shares going to the Muslims, one share going to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and the remaining half being set aside for matters and needs that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would handle. The scholar said that this was because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered some parts of Khaybar by force and made peace with other parts, so he distributed the shares accordingly. What he took for himself was what he obtained by force, and what he left for matters and needs was what Allah bestowed upon His Messenger. It was not obtained by means of horses or camels.  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ نَفَرًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالُوا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ ظَهَرَ عَلَى خَيْبَرَ فَقَسَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى سِتَّةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ سَهْمًا جَمَعَ كُلَّ سَهْمٍ مِائَةَ سَهْمٍ فَكَانَ النِّصْفُ سِهَامًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَسَهْمَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَعَزَلَ النِّصْفَ لِمَا يَنُوبُهُ مِنَ الْأُمُورِ وَالنَّوَائِبِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهَذَا لِأَنَّهُ افْتَتَحَ بَعْضَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْوَةً وَبَعْضَهَا صُلْحًا فَمَا قَسَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ هُوَ مَا افْتَتَحَهُ عَنْوَةً وَمَا تَرَكَهُ لِنَوَائِبِهِ هُوَ مَا أَفَاءَ اللهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ لَمْ يُوجِفْ عَلَيْهِ بِخَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ  

Sa’id bin Al Musayyab said “The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ conquered a portion of Khaibar by force.” Abu Dawud said “This tradition was read out to Al Harith bin Miskin while I was a witness”. Ibn Wahb said “Malik told me on the authority of Ibn Shihab, Khaibar was captured by force in part and by peace in part. Most of Al Kutaibah was captured by force and a portion by peace.” I asked Malik “What is Al Kutaibah?” He replied “The land of Khaibar. It had forty thousand palm trees.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3017)   

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ افْتَتَحَ بَعْضَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْوَةً  

[Machine] If it weren't for the last of the Muslims, no village would have been conquered, without me dividing it just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided Khaibar.  

لَوْلَا آخِرُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَا افْتُتِحَتْ قَرْيَةٌ إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ  

[Machine] I heard Umar ibn Al-Khattab saying, "If I did not leave people to spread out, no town would be left unclaimed except that I would distribute it just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed Khaybar." The scholar said, "This is with us, and Allah knows best, because he would make their hearts content and then stabilize it for the Muslims, out of consideration for them."  

سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَقُولُ لَوْلَا أَنِّي أَتْرُكُ النَّاسَ يَبَابًا لَا شَيْءَ لَهُمْ مَا فُتِحَتْ قَرْيَةٌ إِلَّا قَسَمْتُهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهَذَا عِنْدَنَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ عَلَى أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَسْتَطِيبُ قُلُوبَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَقِفُهَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ نَظَرًا لَهُمْ  

[Machine] "Mawla ibn Umar says, 'The people have gained victory in Sham, as Bilal, who I believe resembles Muadh bin Jabal, is among them.' So they wrote to Umar ibn al-Khattab, 'Indeed, this booty that we have gained is one-fifth for you and what remains belongs to us. None of it is to be given to anyone else, just as the Prophet ﷺ did with Khaybar.' Umar wrote back, 'It is not as you have said, but I will uphold it for the Muslims. Review the book and consult them, and if they agree, I am willing. But when they refused, Umar stood up and prayed against them, saying, 'O Allah, spare me Bilal and the companions of Bilal.' The outcome was such that all of them died.' The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'His statement is not intended to deny what they argued about the division of Khaybar. We have heard it narrated from Umar through the Prophet ﷺ, and it is similar that he did not intend with it what you have said. The benefit is not in what you have said, but the benefit is that I upheld it for the Muslims.' He chose to refuse their share because of what he hoped for in their allegiance, and they refused what was rightfully theirs. However, when they refused, the ruling to take it from their hands and confiscate it was not imposed on them. But he prayed against them because they opposed him in what he saw as beneficial. If they had agreed, the people and their followers would have agreed, and the hadith is mutawatir. Allah knows best, and we have heard it narrated in the Book of Division in the conquest of Egypt that Umar saw it and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam saw it, just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided Khaybar."  

مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ فَتْحٌ بِالشَّامِ فِيهِمْ بِلَالٌ وَأَظُنُّهُ ذَكَرَ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ ؓ فَكَتَبُوا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِنَّ هَذَا الْفَيْءَ الَّذِي أَصَبْنَا لَكَ خُمُسُهُ وَلَنَا مَا بَقِيَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ كَمَا صَنَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِخَيْبَرَ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَا قُلْتُمْ وَلَكِنِّي أَقِفُهَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَرَاجَعُوهُ الْكِتَابَ وَرَاجَعَهُمْ يَأْبَوْنَ وَيَأْبَى فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا قَامَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ اكْفِنِي بِلَالًا وَأَصْحَابَ بِلَالٍ قَالَ فَمَا حَالَ الْحَوْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى مَاتُوا جَمِيعًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَوْلُهُ ؓ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَا قُلْتُمْ لَيْسَ يُرِيدُ بِهِ إِنْكَارَ مَا احْتَجُّوا بِهِ مِنْ قِسْمَةِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يُرِيدَ بِهِ لَيْسَتِ الْمَصْلَحَةُ فِيمَا قُلْتُمْ وَإِنَّمَا الْمَصْلَحَةُ فِي أَنْ أَقِفَهَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَجَعَلَ يَأْبَى قِسْمَتَهَا لِمَا كَانَ يَرْجُو مِنْ تَطْيِيبِهِمْ ذَلِكَ وَجَعَلُوا يَأْبَوْنَ لِمَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا لَمْ يُبْرِمْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحُكْمَ بِإِخْرَاجِهَا مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَوَقْفِهَا وَلَكِنْ دَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ حَيْثُ خَالَفُوهُ فِيمَا رَأَى مِنَ الْمَصْلَحَةِ وَهُمْ لَوْ وَافَقُوهُ وَافَقَهُ أَفْنَاءُ النَّاسِ وَأَتْبَاعُهُمْ وَالْحَدِيثُ مُرْسَلٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي كِتَابِ الْقَسْمِ فِي فَتْحِ مِصْرَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى ذَلِكَ وَرَأَى الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ قِسْمَتَهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whichever village Allah and His Messenger opened, it belongs to Allah and His Messenger. And whichever village the Muslims open forcefully, one fifth of it belongs to Allah and His Messenger, and the remainder belongs to those who fought for it." Abu'l-Fadl al-Dawri said, "Abu Salamah is the person who mentioned this to me when we were having food, or it could be Hammad ibn Salamah." The sheikh said, "And we have narrated it in the book of division from the hadith of Hammam ibn Munabbih, from Abu Hurairah, with a similar meaning."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ افْتَتَحَهَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ فَهِيَ لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَأَيُّمَا قَرْيَةٍ افْتَتَحَهَا الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَنْوَةً فَخُمُسُهَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَبَقِيَّتُهَا لِمَنْ قَاتَلَ عَلَيْهَا قَالَ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ الدُّورِيُّ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ هَذَا هُوَ عِنْدِي صَاحِبُ الطَّعَامِ أَوْ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَاهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْقَسْمِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ هَمَّامِ بْنِ مُنَبِّهٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ بِمَعْنَاهُ  

He who put the necklace of jizyah in his neck abandoned the way followed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3081)   

أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ عَقَدَ الْجِزْيَةَ فِي عُنُقِهِ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ مِمَّا عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone takes land by (paying) its jizyah, he renounces his immigration; and if anyone takes off the disgrace of an unbeliever from his neck he turns away his back from Islam. He (the narrator) said: Thereafter Khalid ibn Ma'dan heard this tradition from me, and he said: Has Shubayb narrated it to you? I said: Yes. He said! When you come to him, ask him to write this tradition to me. He said: He then wrote it for him. When I came, Khalid ibn Ma'dan asked me for the paper and I gave it to him. When he read (the paper), he abandoned the lands he had in his possession the moment he heard this. Abu Dawud said: This Yazid b. Khumair al-Yazani is not the disciple of Shu'bah. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3082)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَخَذَ أَرْضًا بِجِزْيَتِهَا فَقَدِ اسْتَقَالَ هِجْرَتَهُ وَمَنْ نَزَعَ صَغَارَ كَافِرٍ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ فَجَعَلَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ فَقَدْ وَلَّى الْإِسْلَامَ ظَهْرَهُ قَالَ سِنَانٌ فَسَمِعَ مِنِّي خَالِدُ بْنُ مَعْدَانَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ لِي أَشَبِيبٌ حَدَّثَكَ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِذَا قَدِمْتَ فَسَلْهُ فَلْيَكْتُبْ إِلِيَّ بِالْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ لَهُ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْتُ سَأَلَنِي ابْنُ مَعْدَانَ الْقِرْطَاسَ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ فَلَمَّا قَرَأَهُ تَرَكَ مَا فِي يَدَيْهِ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ حِينَ سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ هَذَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خُمَيْرٍ الْيَزَنِيُّ لَيْسَ هُوَ صَاحِبَ شُعْبَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذَانِ الْحَدِيثَانِ إِسْنَادُهُمَا إِسْنَادٌ شَامِيٌّ وَالْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ لَمْ يَحْتَجَّا بِمِثْلِهِمَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ