13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] He said, "O Messenger of Allah, do you descend in your house in Mecca?" He replied, "Do we have a cousin from a Dar or a Durr?" He said, "Aqil inherited Abu Talib, him and Talib, and they were not inherited by Ja'far or Ali; because they were Muslims and Aqil and Talib were disbelievers because of that. That is why Umar ibn al-Khattab used to say, 'The believer does not inherit the disbeliever', the words of Abu Amr's hadith."
أَنَّهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ تَنْزِلُ فِي دَارِكَ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ وَهَلْ تَرَكَ لَنَا عَقِيلٌ مِنْ دَارٍ أَوْ دُورٍ؟ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَرِثَ أَبَا طَالِبٍ هُوَ وَطَالِبٌ وَلَمْ يَرِثْهُ جَعْفَرٌ وَلَا عَلِيٌّ؛ لِأَنَّهُمَا كَانَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ وَكَانَ عَقِيلٌ وَطَالِبٌ كَافِرَيْنِ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَقُولُ لَا يَرِثُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْكَافِرَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو
[Machine] "O Messenger of Allah, the fields of Quraysh have been destroyed, there is no more Quraysh after today." So he said, "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan is safe, and whoever throws down his weapon is safe, and whoever shuts his door is safe."
يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أُبِيدَتْ خَضْرَاءُ قُرَيْشٍ لَا قُرَيْشَ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ فَقَالَ مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ أَلْقَى سِلَاحَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ
[Machine] There is nothing wrong with renting, it is similar to buying. Umar ibn al-Khattab purchased a house from Safwan ibn Umayyah for four thousand dirhams.
لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ الْكِرَاءُ مِثْلُ الشِّرَاءِ قَدِ اشْتَرَى عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ مِنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ دَارًا بِأَرْبَعَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ
[Machine] Ibn Urwah and Abdullah bin Zubair were living in Makkah and carried out activities that no one else among the people of Makkah engaged in. Aisha advised him to stay in her chamber and he bought a dark chamber.
بْنُ عُرْوَةَ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ يَعْتَدُّ بِمَكَّةَ مَا لَا يَعْتَدُّ بِهَا أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَوْصَتْ لَهُ عَائِشَةُ ؓ بِحُجْرَتِهَا وَاشْتَرَى حُجْرَةَ سَوْدَةَ
[Machine] It means "She is in the way of Allah, blessed and exalted, meaning the Dirhams."
أَنَّهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَعْنِي الدَّرَاهِمَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Makkah is a sanctuary, its land cannot be sold and its houses cannot be rented. Isma'il ibn Ibrahim ibn Mu'hajir is weak, and his father is not strong. There is disagreement about him, but it has been narrated from him like this, and it has been narrated from him from his father from Mujahid from Abdullah ibn Amr in a raised (meaning authoritative) manner, with some of its meanings."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَكَّةُ مُنَاخٌ لَا يُبَاعُ رِبَاعُهَا وَلَا تُؤَاجَرُ بُيُوتُهَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُهَاجِرٍ ضَعِيفٌ وَأَبُوهُ غَيْرُ قَوِيٍّ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فَرُوِيَ عَنْهُ هَكَذَا وَرُوِيَ عَنْهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو مَرْفُوعًا بِبَعْضِ مَعْنَاهُ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Makkah is sacred and the sale of its animals is forbidden. The renting of its houses is also forbidden." This has been narrated as a Marfu' hadith (elevated chain of narration) and its elevation is doubtful. The correct narration is that it is Mawquf (stopped at the level of the Companion). Abu Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami narrated it from Abu-l-Hasan Ad-Daraqutni.
قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَكَّةُ حَرَامٌ وَحَرَامٌ بَيْعُ رِبَاعِهَا وَحَرَامٌ أَجْرُ بُيُوتِهَا كَذَا رُوِيَ مَرْفُوعًا وَرَفْعُهُ وَهْمٌ وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ مَوْقُوفٌ قَالَهُ لِي أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ عَنْ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الدَّارَقُطْنِيِّ
[Machine] About Ubaidullah bin Abi Ziyad, it is reported in this wording, attributed to Abdullah bin Amr.
عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي زِيَادٍ بِهَذَا اللَّفْظِ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو
[Machine] The houses of Mecca were called "Al-Sawā'ib". Their rent was not paid during the time of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ , nor during the time of Abu Bakr or Umar. Whoever needed a place to live was provided a house, and those who were self-sufficient would also be provided a place to live. This was a custom that highlights their generosity in providing homes for those in need, even if they had to give up their own homes. Those who were knowledgeable about the situation in Mecca knew about the inheritance and sale practices that occurred there. And Allah knows best.
كَانَتْ بُيُوتُ مَكَّةَ تُدْعَى السَّوَائِبَ لَمْ تُبَعْ رِبَاعُهَا فِي زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَا أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَلَا عُمَرَ مَنِ احْتَاجَ سَكَنَ وَمَنِ اسْتَغْنَى أَسْكَنَ هَذَا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَفِيهِ أَخْبَارٌ عَنْ عَادَتِهِمُ الْكَرِيمَةِ فِي إسْكَانِهِمْ مَا اسْتَغْنَوْا عَنْهُ مِنْ بُيُوتِهِمْ وَقَدْ أَخْبَرَ مَنْ كَانَ أَعْلَمَ بِشَأْنِ مَكَّةَ مِنْهُ عَنْ جَرَيَانِ الْإِرْثِ وَالْبَيْعِ فِيهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ