13. Commerce

١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ

13.27 [Machine] Consideration of Equality in What Was Weighed during the time of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) by Weight, and What Was Measured during His time by the Kilogram when Selling the Same Type with Usury occurring between them.

١٣۔٢٧ بَابُ اعْتِبَارِ التَّمَاثُلِ فِيمَا كَانَ مَوْزُونًا عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِالْوَزْنِ وَفِيمَا كَانَ مَكِيلًا عَلَى عَهْدِهِ بِالْكَيْلِ إِذَا بِيعَ الْجِنْسُ الْوَاحِدُ فِيمَا يَجْرِي فِيهِ الرِّبَا بَعْضُهُ بِبَعْضٍ

bayhaqi:10541Abū al-Ḥusayn b. al-Faḍl al-Qaṭṭān> Abū Sahl b. Ziyād al-Qaṭṭān > Isḥāq b. al-Ḥasan al-Ḥarbī > ʿAffān > Hammām > Qatādah > Abū al-Khalīl > Muslim > Abū al-Ashʿath al-Ṣanʿānī > Shāhad Khuṭbah ʿUbādah

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ, he said that gold is measured by gold in weight, and silver is measured by silver in weight, and barley is measured by barley in measure, and dates are measured by dates, and salt is measured by salt. So whoever increases or seeks to increase, then he has committed usury.  

البيهقي:١٠٥٤١أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنا أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْحَرْبِيُّ ثنا عَفَّانُ ثنا هَمَّامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَشْعَثِ الصَّنْعَانِيِّ أَنَّهُ شَاهَدَ خُطْبَةَ عُبَادَةَ يُحَدِّثُ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَزْنًا بِوَزْنٍ وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَزْنًا بِوَزْنٍ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ كَيْلًا بِكَيْلٍ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ كَيْلًا بِكَيْلٍ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ وَالْمِلْحُ بِالْمِلْحِ فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ اسْتَزَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى  

bayhaqi:10542Hammām > Qatādah Biʾisnādih

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Gold is purified by gold, its measure, and its weight. Silver is purified by silver, its measure, and its weight. Barley is purified by barley, its measure, and its weight. Dates are purified by dates, its measure, and its weight. Salt is purified by salt, its measure, and its weight. So, whoever adds or increases in it has engaged in usury." Abu Ali Al-Rudhbari informed us, "I am Muhammad ibn Bakr." Abu Dawood narrated to us. Al-Hassan ibn Ali narrated to us. Bishr ibn Umar mentioned it and said it was narrated by Ubada ibn As-Samit.  

البيهقي:١٠٥٤٢وَرَوَى بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الزَّهْرَانِيُّ قَالَ ثنا هَمَّامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ بِإِسْنَادِهِ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَالْمِلْحُ بِالْمِلْحِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ ازْدَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَالَ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ  

bayhaqi:10543Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > Yaḥyá b. Muḥammad b. Yaḥyá And Muḥammad b. Naṣr al-Marwazī > Yaḥyá b. Yaḥyá > Mālik > ʿAbd al-Majīd b. Suhayl b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAwf > Saʿīd b. al-Musayyib > Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī > Abū Hurayrah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed somebody as a governor of Khaibar. That governor brought to him an excellent kind of dates (from Khaibar). The Prophet ﷺ asked, "Are all the dates of Khaibar like this?" He replied, "By Allah, no, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! But we barter one Sa of this (type of dates) for two Sas of dates of ours and two Sas of it for three of ours." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not do so (as that is a kind of usury) but sell the mixed dates (of inferior quality) for money, and then buy good dates with that money." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2201)   

البيهقي:١٠٥٤٣أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ قَالَا ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى قَالَ قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ بْنِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَعَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا عَلَى خَيْبَرَ فَجَاءَهُ بِتَمْرٍ جَنِيبٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَكُلُّ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ هَكَذَا؟ قَالَ لَا وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا لَنَأْخُذُ الصَّاعَ مِنْ هَذَا بِالصَّاعَيْنِ وَالصَّاعَيْنِ بِالثَّلَاثَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَفْعَلْ بِعِ الْجَمْعَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ ثُمَّ ابْتَعْ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ جَنِيبًا  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ وَغَيْرِهِ عَنْ مَالِكٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَحْيَى
bayhaqi:10544Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. Salmān al-Faqīh > Aḥmad b. Muḥammad b. ʿĪsá al-Qāḍī > Abū Nuʿaym > Shaybān > Yaḥyá > Abū Salamah > Abū Saʿīd

We used to be given mixed dates (from the booty) and used to sell (barter) two Sas of those dates) for one Sa (of good dates). The Prophet ﷺ said (to us), "No (bartering of) two Sas for one Sa nor two Dirhams for one Dirham is permissible", (as that is a kind of usury). (See Hadith No. 405). (Using translation from Bukhārī 2080)   

البيهقي:١٠٥٤٤أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلْمَانَ الْفَقِيهُ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْقَاضِي ثنا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ ثنا شَيْبَانُ عَنْ يَحْيَى عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ

كُنَّا نُرْزَقُ تَمْرَ الْجَمْعِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ الْخِلْطُ مِنَ التَّمْرِ فَكُنَّا نَبِيعُ الصَّاعَيْنِ بِالصَّاعِ فَقَالَ يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَا وَلَا الدِّرْهَمَ بِالدِّرْهَمَيْنِ  

bayhaqi:10545Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū ʿAmr b. Abū Jaʿfar > ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad > Isḥāq b. Manṣūr > ʿUbaydullāh b. Mūsá > Shaybān Fadhakarah Binaḥwih Illā

[Machine] He said, "So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "No measure of dates shall be exchanged for a measure of dates, nor a measure of wheat for a measure of wheat, nor two dirhams for one dirham."  

البيهقي:١٠٥٤٥وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ثنا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ شَيْبَانَ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا

أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَا صَاعَيْ تَمْرٍ بِصَاعٍ وَلَا صَاعَيْ حِنْطَةٍ بِصَاعٍ وَلَا دِرْهَمَيْنِ بِدِرْهَمٍ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ