13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ, he said that gold is measured by gold in weight, and silver is measured by silver in weight, and barley is measured by barley in measure, and dates are measured by dates, and salt is measured by salt. So whoever increases or seeks to increase, then he has committed usury.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ وَزْنًا بِوَزْنٍ وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ وَزْنًا بِوَزْنٍ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ كَيْلًا بِكَيْلٍ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ كَيْلًا بِكَيْلٍ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ وَالْمِلْحُ بِالْمِلْحِ فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ اسْتَزَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Gold is purified by gold, its measure, and its weight. Silver is purified by silver, its measure, and its weight. Barley is purified by barley, its measure, and its weight. Dates are purified by dates, its measure, and its weight. Salt is purified by salt, its measure, and its weight. So, whoever adds or increases in it has engaged in usury." Abu Ali Al-Rudhbari informed us, "I am Muhammad ibn Bakr." Abu Dawood narrated to us. Al-Hassan ibn Ali narrated to us. Bishr ibn Umar mentioned it and said it was narrated by Ubada ibn As-Samit.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَالْفِضَّةُ بِالْفِضَّةِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَالْمِلْحُ بِالْمِلْحِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ فَمَنْ زَادَ أَوِ ازْدَادَ فَقَدْ أَرْبَى أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَرَ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَالَ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ appointed somebody as a governor of Khaibar. That governor brought to him an excellent kind of dates (from Khaibar). The Prophet ﷺ asked, "Are all the dates of Khaibar like this?" He replied, "By Allah, no, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! But we barter one Sa of this (type of dates) for two Sas of dates of ours and two Sas of it for three of ours." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not do so (as that is a kind of usury) but sell the mixed dates (of inferior quality) for money, and then buy good dates with that money." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2201)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا عَلَى خَيْبَرَ فَجَاءَهُ بِتَمْرٍ جَنِيبٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَكُلُّ تَمْرِ خَيْبَرَ هَكَذَا؟ قَالَ لَا وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا لَنَأْخُذُ الصَّاعَ مِنْ هَذَا بِالصَّاعَيْنِ وَالصَّاعَيْنِ بِالثَّلَاثَةِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَفْعَلْ بِعِ الْجَمْعَ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ ثُمَّ ابْتَعْ بِالدَّرَاهِمِ جَنِيبًا
We used to be given mixed dates (from the booty) and used to sell (barter) two Sas of those dates) for one Sa (of good dates). The Prophet ﷺ said (to us), "No (bartering of) two Sas for one Sa nor two Dirhams for one Dirham is permissible", (as that is a kind of usury). (See Hadith No. 405). (Using translation from Bukhārī 2080)
كُنَّا نُرْزَقُ تَمْرَ الْجَمْعِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ الْخِلْطُ مِنَ التَّمْرِ فَكُنَّا نَبِيعُ الصَّاعَيْنِ بِالصَّاعِ فَقَالَ يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَا وَلَا الدِّرْهَمَ بِالدِّرْهَمَيْنِ
[Machine] He said, "So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "No measure of dates shall be exchanged for a measure of dates, nor a measure of wheat for a measure of wheat, nor two dirhams for one dirham."
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَا صَاعَيْ تَمْرٍ بِصَاعٍ وَلَا صَاعَيْ حِنْطَةٍ بِصَاعٍ وَلَا دِرْهَمَيْنِ بِدِرْهَمٍ