13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] I heard Sahl ibn Abi Hathmah say that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling fruit as dates, except that he permitted the selling of dried dates as dates, which their people eat moist.
سَمِعْتُ سَهْلَ بْنَ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ تُبَاعَ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا يَأْكُلُهَا أَهْلُهَا رُطَبًا
Bashair b. Yasir reported on the authority of some of the Companions of Messenger of Allah ﷺ among the members of his family among whom one was Sahl b. Abu Hathma that Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade buying of fresh dates against dry dates and that it is Riba and this is Muzabana, but he made an exemption of 'ariyya (donations) of a tree or two in which case the members of a family sell dry dates and buy fresh dates for eating them. (Using translation from Muslim 1540a)
عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَهْلِ دَارِهِ مِنْهُمٌ سَهْلُ بْنُ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ وَقَالَ ذَلِكَ الرِّبَا تِلْكَ الْمُزَابَنَةُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ النَّخْلَةِ وَالنَّخْلَتَيْنِ يَأْخُذُهَا أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا يَأْكُلُونَهَا رُطَبًا
[Machine] "From some of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ , it is narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling dates with dates. He ﷺ said, "That is the zubn, which is that kind of transaction." Then he mentioned the Hadith in a similar way."
عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ قَالَ وَذَلِكَ الزَّبْنُ تِلْكَ الْمُزَابَنَةُ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِنَحْوِهِ
Zaid b. Thabit reported that Messenger of Allah ﷺ give concession in case of 'ariyya transactions according to which the members of the household give dry dates according to a measure and then eat fresh dates (in exchange for it) (Using translation from Muslim 1539d)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرِيَّةِ يَأْخُذُهَا أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا يَأْكُلُونَهَا رُطَبًا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited selling fruits until their goodness becomes apparent, and he made an exception for Arayā palm trees, allowing people to sell their dates based on their visual inspection.
نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلَاحُهَا رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا قَالَ وَالْعَرِيَّةُ النَّخْلَةُ تُجْعَلُ لِلْقَوْمِ يَبِيعُونَهَا بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا
'Ariyya implies that a person should buy fresh dates on the tree for his family to eat against a measure of dry dates. (Using translation from Muslim 1539g)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْخَصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرِيَّةِ بِخَرْصِهَا وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْعَرِيَّةُ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ الرَّجُلُ ثَمَرَ النَّخَلَاتِ لِطَعَامِ أَهْلِهِ رُطَبًا بِخَرْصِهَا تَمْرًا
[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioned that he has sold the lowest priced dates for a pile of them. Musa (Moses) said, "And the dates are palm trees that are known, and he buys them from her."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْخَصَ فِي الْعَرَايَا أَنْ تُبَاعَ بِخَرْصِهَا كَيْلًا قَالَ مُوسَى وَالْعَرَايَا نَخَلَاتٌ مَعْلُومَاتٌ يَأْتِيهَا فَيَشْتَرِيَهَا
'Ariyyah means that a man gives another man a palm-tree on loan, or it means that reserves one or two palm-trees from his property for his personal use, then he sells for dried dates. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3365)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ الْعَرِيَّةُ الرَّجُلُ يُعْرِي الرَّجُلَ النَّخْلَةَ أَوِ الرَّجُلُ يَسْتَثْنِي مِنْ مَالِهِ النَّخْلَةَ أَوِ الِاثْنَتَيْنِ لِيَأْكُلَهَا فَيَبِيعَهَا بِتَمْرٍ
[Machine] That he should take charge of it and sell it for its equivalent value.
أَنْ يَقُومَ عَلَيْهَا فَيَبِيعَهَا بِمِثْلِ خَرْصِهَا