13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina while they were borrowing money for two or three years to pay back in a known timeframe. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Borrow, but with a known quantity, to be repaid within a known period." This is the narration of Abu Nu'aim and Al-Firiyabi, similar to it except that it mentions a known quantity and a known weight, to be repaid within a known period.
قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَهُمْ يُسْلِفُونَ فِي الثِّمَارِ السَّنَتَيْنِ وَالثَّلَاثَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَسْلِفُوا فِي الثِّمَارِ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ وَحَدِيثُ الْفِرْيَابِيِّ مِثْلُهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي كَيْلٍ مَعْلُومٍ وَوَزْنٍ مَعْلُومٍ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ
'Abd Allah b. Shaddad and Abu Burdah disputed over salaf (payment in advance). They sent me to Ibn Abi Awfa and I asked him (about it) and he replied: We used to pay in advance (salaf) during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abu Bakr and 'Umar in wheat, barley, dates and raisins. Ibn Kathir added: "to those people who did not possess these things." The agreed version then goes: I then asked Ibn Abza who gave a similar reply. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3464)
إنْ كُنَّا لَنُسْلِفُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ زَادَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ إِلَى قَوْمٍ مَا هُوَ عِنْدَهُمْ ثُمَّ اتَّفَقَا فَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ أَبْزَى فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ
Abu Burda and ʿAbdullah bin Shaddad sent me to ʿAbdur Rahman bin Abza and ʿAbdullah bin Abi ʿAufa to ask them about the Salaf (Salam). They said, "We used to get war booty while we were with Messenger of Allah ﷺ and when the peasants of Sham came to us we used to pay them in advance for wheat, barley, and oil to be delivered within a fixed period." I asked them, "Did the peasants own standing crops or not?" They replied, "We never asked them about it." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2254)
عَنِ السَّلَفِ فَقَالَا كُنَّا نُصِيبُ الْمَغَانِمَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ يَأْتِينَا أَنْبَاطُ الشَّامِ فَنُسْلِفُهُمْ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّيْتِ إِلَى أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى قَالَ أَكَانَ لَهُمْ زَرْعٌ أَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ زَرْعٌ؟ قَالَ مَا كُنَّا نَسْأَلُهُمْ
[Machine] That a man sells something for a term that he does not possess its original 11094. Al-Shafi'i reported that Said narrated from Ibn Jurayj from Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar similar to it.
أَنْ يَبِيعَ الرَّجُلُ شَيْئًا إِلَى أَجَلٍ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ أَصْلُهُ 11094 قَالَ وَأنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ سَعِيدٌ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ مِثْلَهُ