13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah about the pilgrimage of the Prophet ﷺ and his sermon at Arafah, he said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Indeed, your blood and your wealth are forbidden to you, as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this land of yours. Behold! Every practice of the days of ignorance is under my feet. And the blood of ignorance is abolished, and the first blood shed by me to be abolished was the blood of Rabiah bin Al-Harith, who was fostered in Bani Sa'd and killed by Hudhayl in the period of ignorance. The usury of ignorance is abolished, and the first usury I abolish is the usury of Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib. Surely, it is all abolished.' He mentioned the hadith."
عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ فِي حَجِّ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَخُطْبَتِهِ بِعَرَفَةَ قَالَ فَقَالَ يَعْنِي رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْكُمْ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا أَلَا وَإنَّ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ تَحْتَ قَدَمِيَّ هَاتَيْنِ وَدِمَاءُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعَةٌ وَأَوَّلُ دَمٍ أَضَعُهُ دَمُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ كَانَ مُسْتَرْضَعًا فِي بَنِي سَعْدٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ فِي زَمَنِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَرِبَا الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ وَأَوَّلُ رِبًا أَضَعُهُ رِبَا الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَإِنَّهُ مَوْضُوعٌ كُلُّهُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ
On the authority of his father: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say in the Farewell Pilgrimage: "Lo, all claims to usury of the pre-Islamic period have been abolished. You shall have your capital sums, deal not unjustly and you shall not be dealt with unjustly. Lo, all claims for blood-vengeance belonging to the pre-Islamic period have been abolished. The first of those murdered among us whose blood-vengeance I remit is al-Harith ibn AbdulMuttalib, who suckled among Banu Layth and killed by Hudhayl." He then said: O Allah, have I conveyed the message? They said: Yes, saying it three times. He then said: O Allah, be witness, saying it three times. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3334)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ أَلَا إِنَّ كُلَّ رِبًا مِنْ رِبَا الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ لَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ أَلَا وَإِنَّ كُلَّ دَمٍ مِنْ دَمِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ وَأَوَّلُ دَمٍ أَضَعُ مِنْهَا دَمُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ كَانَ مُسْتَرْضَعًا فِي بَنِي لَيْثٍ فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ اللهُمَّ قَدْ بَلَّغْتُ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ ثَلَاثًا قَالَ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ
[Machine] Narrated Mujahid: Regarding His saying: 'And if you do not do so, then take a notice of war from Allah and His Messenger' (2:279), he said: "It used to be that a man would have a debt owed to him by another man, and he would say: 'Give me an increase of such and such amount, and delay payment for me.'" [Tafsir Ibn Kathir, Al-Baqarah 278]
عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَذَرُوا مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الرِّبَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} [البقرة 278] قَالَ كَانَ يَكُونُ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ دَيْنٌ فَيَقُولُ لَكَ زِيَادَةُ كَذَا وَكَذَا وَتُؤَخِّرُ عَنِّي
[Machine] For one person to have a right over another person for a certain period of time. When the right period ends, they will say, "Do you settle or extend?" If they settle it, they take it, but if not, it increases their right and the other person's period.
أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلرَّجُلِ عَلَى الرَّجُلِ الْحَقُّ إِلَى أَجَلٍ فَإِذَا حَلَّ الْحَقُّ قَالَ أَتَقْضِي أَمْ تُرْبِي؟ فَإِنْ قَضَاهُ أَخَذَ وَإِلَّا زَادَهُ فِي حَقِّهِ وَزَادَهُ الْآخَرُ فِي الْأَجَلِ