13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
Did you do anything good? He said: No. they said: Try to recall. He said: I used to lend to people and order my servants to give respite to one in straitened circumstances and give allowance to the solvent, for Allah, the Exalted and Majestic, said (to the angels): You should ignore (his failing). (Using translation from Muslim 1560a)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَلَقَّتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ رُوحَ رَجُلٍ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَقَالُوا أَعَمِلْتَ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ لَا قَالُوا تَذَكَّرْ قَالَ كُنْتُ أُدَايِنُ النَّاسَ فَآمُرُ فِتْيَانِي أَنْ يُنْظِرُوا الْمُعْسِرَ وَيَتَجَوَّزُوا عَنِ الْمُوسِرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى تَجَوَّزُوا عَنْهُ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "A man died and it was said to him, 'What have you done?' He said, 'I used to extend leniency to people in matters and give respite to those in difficulty.' So he entered Paradise." Abu Mas'ood Al Badri said, "I have also heard this from the Prophet ﷺ ."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَاتَ رَجُلٌ فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَا عَمِلْتَ؟ قَالَ كُنْتُ أُبَايِعُ النَّاسَ فَأَتَجَاوَزُ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ وَأُنْظِرُ الْمُعْسِرَ فَدَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ قَالَ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيُّ وَأَنَا قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: The man who was before you will be held accountable, and it will be found that he had no good deeds except that he was someone who was easy-going and mixed with people. He would say to his servants, "Go easy on the one who is in debt." Allah said to His angels, "We are more deserving of that." So forgive him. This is the wording of the hadith of Abu Bakr.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حُوسِبَ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ لَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلًا مُوسِرًا يُخَالِطُ النَّاسَ فَيَقُولُ لِغِلْمَانِهِ تَجَاوَزُوا عَنِ الْمُعْسِرِ فَقَالَ اللهُ لِمَلَائِكَتِهِ فَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِذَلِكَ فَتَجَاوَزُوا عَنْهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "There was a man who would borrow from people, and when he couldn't repay, he would say to his servant, 'Let him off, perhaps Allah will let us off.' So, when he met Allah, Allah let him off."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يقول كَانَ رَجُلٌ يُدَايِنُ النَّاسَ فَإِذَا أَعْسَرَ الْمُعْسِرُ قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ تَجَاوَزْ عَنْهُ فَلَعَلَّ اللهَ يَتَجَاوَزُ عَنَّا فَلَقِيَ اللهَ فَتَجَاوَزَ عَنْهُ
I am hard up financially, whereupon he said: (Do you state it) by God? He said: By God. Upon this he (Qatada) said: I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: He who loves that Allah saves him from the torments of the Day of Resurrection should give respite to the insolvent or remit (his debt). (Using translation from Muslim 1563a)
أَنَّ أَبَا قَتَادَةَ طَلَبَ غَرِيمًا لَهُ فَتَوَارَى عَنْهُ ثُمَّ وَجَدَهُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي مُعْسِرٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَالَ آللَّهِ قَالَ آللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ سَرَّهُ أَنْ يُنَجِّيَهُ اللهُ مِنْ كُرَبِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلْيُنْظِرْ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ لِيَضَعْ عَنْهُ
[Machine] My father and I went out seeking knowledge in this neighborhood from the Ansar before they passed away. The first person we met was Abu Al-Yasar, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He had a young boy with him, as well as a bundle of papers. He had a cloak on his shoulder and his face showed signs of anger. My father said to him, "O uncle, I see anger in your face." Abu Al-Yasar replied, "Indeed, I had some money with Fulan ibn Fulan Al-Harami, so I went to his family to greet them. I asked about him, and they said he was not here. Then his young son came out, and I asked him, 'Where is your father?' He said, 'He heard your voice, so he went into my mother's closet.' I said, 'Come out to me, for I know where you are.' He came out, and I asked him, 'What made you hide from me?' He said, 'I swear by Allah, I wanted to talk to you, but I feared that I would lie to you or break my promise to you. And you were the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and I was a difficult person.' I said, 'By Allah,' He said, 'By Allah.' I said, 'By Allah.' He said, 'By Allah.' I said, 'By Allah.' He said, 'By Allah.' Then he brought his papers and erased them with his own hand and said, 'If you find any injustice, then judge me. Otherwise, you are in the right.' He placed his fingers on his eyes and said, 'I bear witness with my own sight.' He put his fingers on his ears and said, 'I hear with my own ears.' He touched his heart and said, 'This is my heart.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ pointed to the strings of his heart and said, 'Whoever shows kindness to a difficult person or helps him, Allah will shade him in His shade on the Day of Judgment.'
خَرَجْنَا أَنَا وَأَبِي نَطْلُبُ الْعَلِّمَ فِي هَذَا الْحِيِّ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَهْلِكُوا فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَا لَقِينَا أَبُو الْيَسَرِ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَعَهُ غُلَامٌ لَهُ وَمَعَهُ ضِمَامَةٌ مِنْ صُحُفٍ وَعَلَى أَبِي الْيَسَرِ بُرْدَةٌ وَمَعَافِرِيٌّ وَعَلَى غُلَامِهِ بُرْدَةٌ وَمَعَافِرِيٌّ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبِي يَا عَمُّ إِنِّي أَرَى فِي وَجْهِكَ سَفَعةً مِنْ غَضِبٍ قَالَ أَجَلْ كَانَ لِي عَلَى فُلَانِ بْنِ فُلَانٍ الْحَرَمِيِّ مَالٌ فَأَتَيْتُ أَهْلَهُ فَسَلَّمْتُ فَقُلْتُ ثَمَّ هُوَ؟ قَالُوا لَا فَخَرَجَ عَلَيَّ ابْنٌ لَهُ صَغِيرٌ فَقُلْتُ أَيْنَ أَبُوكَ؟ قَالَ سَمِعَ صَوْتَكَ فَدَخَلَ أَرِيكَةَ أُمِّي فَقُلْتُ اخْرُجْ إِلِيَّ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَيْنَ أَنْتَ فَخَرَجَ فَقُلْتُ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى أَنِ اخْتَبَأْتَ مِنِّي؟ قَالَ أَنَا وَاللهِ أُحَدِّثُكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَا أَكْذِبُكَ خَشِيتُ وَاللهِ أَنْ أُحَدِّثَكَ فَأَكْذِبَكَ وَأَنْ أَعِدَكَ فَأُخْلِفَكَ وَكُنْتَ صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكُنْتُ وَاللهِ مُعْسِرًا قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ قَالَ آللَّهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ قَالَ آللَّهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ قَالَ آللَّهِ قَالَ فَأَتَى بِصَحِيفَتِهِ ثُمَّ مَحَاهَا بِيَدِهِ وَقَالَ إِنْ وَجَدْتَ قَضَاءً فَاقْضِنِي وَإِلَّا أَنْتَ فِي حِلٍّ فَأَشْهَدُ بَصُرَ عَيْنِي هَاتَيْنِ وَوَضَعَ أُصْبُعَيْهِ عَلَى عَيْنَيْهِ وَسَمِعَ أُذُنِي هَاتَيْنِ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي هَذَا وَأَشَارَ إِلَى نِيَاطِ قَلْبِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ وَضَعَ لَهُ أَظَلَّهُ اللهُ فِي ظِلِّهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever helps a person in difficulty, he will have a reward similar to it every day." The person asked, "O Messenger of Allah, is there a reward every day?" Then, he asked, "Is there a reward similar to it every day?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes, there is a reward every day as long as the debt has not been settled. But if the debt has been settled, then he will have a reward similar to it every day if he helps him after the settlement."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا فَإِنَّ لَهُ بِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِثْلِهِ صَدَقَةً قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ صَدَقَةٌ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِثْلِهِ صَدَقَةٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ صَدَقَةٌ مَا لَمْ يَحِلَّ الدَّيْنُ فَإِذَا حَلَّ الدَّيْنُ فَإِنْ أَنْظَرَهُ بَعْدَ الْحِلِّ فَلَهُ بِكُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِثْلِهِ صَدَقَةٌ