13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
A man demanded his debts from Messenger of Allah ﷺ in such a rude manner that the companions of the Prophet intended to harm him, but the Prophet ﷺ said, "Leave him, no doubt, for he (the creditor) has the right to demand it (harshly). Buy a camel and give it to him." They said, "The camel that is available is older than the camel he demands. "The Prophet ﷺ said, "Buy it and give it to him, for the best among you are those who repay their debts handsomely. " (Using translation from Bukhārī 2390)
أَنَّ رَجُلًا تَقَاضَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَغْلَظَ لَهُ فَهَمَّ أَصْحَابُهُ بِهِ فَقَالَ دَعُوهُ فَإِنَّ لِصَاحِبِ الْحَقِّ مَقَالًا اشْتَرُوا لَهُ بَعِيرًا فَأَعْطُوهُ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَجِدُ لَهُ سِنًّا أَفْضَلَ مِنْ سِنِّهِ قَالَ اشْتَرُوا فَأَعْطُوهُ إِيَّاهُ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَكُمْ أَحْسَنُكُمْ قَضَاءً
[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked for half of a certain measure of water for him and gave it to him. Then the man came back asking for it again, so he gave him a full measure of the water and said, "Half is for you as a fulfillment, and half is for you as a gift from me."
أَتَى رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَسْأَلُهُ فَاسْتَسْلَفَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ شَطْرَ وَسْقٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ فَجَاءَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَقَاضَاهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ وَسْقًا وَقَالَ نِصْفٌ لَكَ قَضَاءٌ وَنِصْفُ لَكَ نَائِلٌ مِنْ عِنْدِي
[Machine] I sent a camel as a gift to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , then I came to collect its payment. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, give me the price for my camel." He said, "Yes, I will only pay you what I have available." Then he paid me and he paid me in the best way possible. Then an Arab came and said, "O Messenger of Allah, give me my camel." So he paid him with an old, weak camel. The Arab said, "O Messenger of Allah, this is better than my camel." He said, "It is yours, for indeed the best of people are those who are the best in fulfilling their obligations."
بِعْتُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَكْرًا فَجِئْتُ أَتَقَاضَاهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْضِنِي ثَمَنَ بَكْرِي قَالَ نَعَمْ لَا أَقْضِيكَهَا إِلَّا بُخْتِيَّةً ثُمَّ قَضَانِي فَأَحْسَنَ قَضَائِي ثُمَّ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اقْضِنِي بَكْرِي فَقَضَاهُ بَعِيرًا مُسِنًّا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ بَكْرِي فَقَالَ هُوَ لَكَ إِنَّ خَيْرَ الْقَوْمِ خَيْرُهُمْ قَضَاءً
[Machine] I entered upon the Prophet ﷺ in the mosque in the morning. He said to me, "Stand and pray." I had a debt owed to him, so he settled it for me and even gave me more.
دَخَلْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ ضُحًى فَقَالَ لِي قُمْ فَصَلِّ وَكَانَ لِي عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَقَضَانِي وَزَادَنِي
[Machine] I passed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while I was riding a lame camel at the rear of the group. He asked me, "What is the matter with your camel?" I said, "It is either lame or stubborn, O Messenger of Allah." He then held its reins, hit it, and said, "Ride it. I have seen it since its beginning, and I have been restraining it." When we approached, I wanted to hurry ahead to meet my family, so he said, "Do not reach your family hastily." He then asked, "Are you married?" I said, "Yes." He asked, "Is she a virgin or previously married?" I said, "Previously married." He said, "Why don't you marry a virgin, so that both of you can amuse each other?" I said, "O Messenger of Allah, Abdullah (my son) has abandoned his slave girls, and I disliked bringing women of their kind to be like them, so I wanted to marry a woman who has understanding." He did not say anything to me, neither scolding nor approving. Then he said to me about my camel, "It is yours, O Messenger of Allah." I said, "It is yours, O Messenger of Allah." When he insisted, I said, "If anyone owes a debt to someone, it belongs to the creditor." He said, "Yes, send it to your family and inform Bilal to give you one dinar and increase it." So, he gave me a gold dinar and increased it by a Qirat (a unit of weight). I said, "This Qirat will never leave me, as it was an increase by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." I put it in a bag and it stayed with me until it was taken by the people of Sham (Greater Syria) on the day of Harrah. They mentioned it in Sahih Al-Bukhari, citing it from the hadith of Al-A'mash with a gesture, and it is also mentioned in Sahih Muslim through narration.
مَرَرْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَعِي بَعِيرٌ مُعْتَلٌّ وَأَنَا أَسُوقُهُ فِي آخِرِ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُ بَعِيرِكَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ مُعْتَلٌّ أَوْ ظَالِعٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَأَخَذَ بِذَنَبِهِ فَضَرَبَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ ارْكَبْ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي فِي أَوَّلِهِ وَإِنِّي لَأَحْبِسُهُ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْنَا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَعَجَّلَ إِلَى أَهْلِي فَقَالَ لَا تَأْتِ أَهْلَكَ طَرُوقًا قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا تَزَوَّجْتَ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ بِكْرٌ أَمْ ثَيِّبٌ؟ قُلْتُ ثَيِّبٌ قَالَ فَهَلَّا بِكْرًا تُلَاعِبُهَا وَتُلَاعِبُكَ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ تَرَكَ جَوَارِيَ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أَضُمَّ إِلَيْهِنَّ مِثْلَهُنَّ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً قَدْ عَقَلَتْ فَمَا قَالَ لِي أَسَأْتَ وَلَا أَحْسَنْتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي بِعْنِي بَعِيرَكَ هَذَا قَالَ قُلْتُ هُوَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ بِعْنِيهِ قُلْتُ هُوَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ عَلَيَّ قُلْتُ فَإِنَّ لِرَجُلٍ عَلَيَّ وُقِيَّةَ ذَهَبٍ فَهُوَ لَكَ بِهَا قَالَ نَعَمْ تَبْلُغُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيَ بِلَالٍ فَقَالَ أَعْطِهِ وُقِيَّةَ ذَهَبٍ وَزِدْهُ فَأَعْطَانِي وُقِيَّةً وَزَادَنِي قِيرَاطًا فَقُلْتُ لَا يُفَارِقْنِي هَذَا الْقِيرَاطُ شَيْءٌ زَادَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَعَلْتُهُ فِي كِيسٍ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ عِنْدِي حَتَّى أَخَذَهُ أَهْلُ الشَّامِ يَوْمَ الْحَرَّةِ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْأَعْمَشِ الْبُخَارِيُّ بِالْإِشَارَةِ إِلَيْهِ وَمُسْلِمٌ بِالرِّوَايَةِ
[Machine] The man said, "O Abu 'Abd Al-Rahman, this is better than the money I previously lent you." Abdullah bin 'Umar said, "I know that, but my intention in doing so is good."
الرَّجُلُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذِهِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دَرَاهِمِي الَّتِي أَسْلَفْتُكَ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ ذَلِكَ وَلَكِنَّ نَفْسِي بِذَلِكَ طَيِّبَةٌ