13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] I heard Ibn Abbas say, "As for what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited, it is that food should not be sold until it is received." Ibn Abbas said, "And I do not consider anything unless its wording is similar to that of the hadith of Ali."
سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ أَمَّا الَّذِي نَهَى عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَهُوَ الطَّعَامُ أَنْ يُبَاعَ حَتَّى يُقْبَضَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَلَا أَحْسَبُ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا مِثْلَهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَلِيٍّ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ reprimanded Attab ibn Asid in Mecca and said: "Verily, I have commanded you to adhere to the rights of Allah and none of them should eat from others' income unless it is guaranteed, and I forbid you from usury and selling two commodities for one in a single transaction, and from selling what you do not possess."
اسْتَعْمَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَتَّابَ بْنَ أَسِيدٍ عَلَى مَكَّةَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي قَدْ أَمَّرْتُكَ عَلَى أَهْلِ اللهِ ﷻ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ ﷻ وَلَا يَأْكُلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ مِنْ رِبْحِ مَا لَمْ يُضْمَنْ وَانْهَهُمْ عَنْ سَلَفٍ وَبَيْعٍ وَعَنِ الصَّفَقْتَيْنِ فِي الْبَيْعِ الْوَاحِدِ وَأَنْ يَبِيعَ أَحَدُهُمْ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to 'Attab ibn Asid: "I have sent you to the people of Allah and the people of Mecca, so forbid them from selling what they do not possess or dealing in profits they have not guaranteed, and from lending on interest, and from engaging in double contracts in sales, and from buying and selling with deferred payment that is unique to Yahya ibn Salih Al-Aili, which is considered rejected by this narration."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِعَتَّابِ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ إِنِّي قَدْ بَعَثْتُكَ إِلَى أَهْلِ اللهِ وَأَهْلُ مَكَّةَ فَانْهَهُمْ عَنْ بَيْعِ مَا لَمْ يَقْبِضُوا أَوْ رِبْحِ مَا لَمْ يَضْمَنُوا وَعَنْ قَرْضٍ وَبَيْعٍ وَعَنْ شَرْطَيْنِ فِي بَيْعٍ وَعَنْ بَيْعٍ وَسَلَفٍ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ يَحْيَى بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْأَيْلِيُّ وَهُوَ مُنْكَرٌ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ
"The Messenger of Allah forbade lending on the condition of a sale, selling what you do not have, and profiting on what you do not possess. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4631)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ عَتَّابَ بْنَ أَسِيدٍ فَنَهَاهُ عَنْ شَرْطَيْنِ فِي بَيْعٍ وَعَنْ سَلَفٍ وَبَيْعٍ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ مَا لَيْسَ عِنْدَكَ وَعَنْ رِبْحِ مَا لَمْ تَضْمَنْ
[Machine] He said, "I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I am a man who engages in buying and selling. What is permissible and what is prohibited in it?' He said, 'O son of my brother, when you buy something, do not sell it until you have received it.' This narration was not heard by Yahya ibn Abi Kathir from Yusuf, but rather he heard it from Ya'la ibn Hakim who heard it from Yusuf."
قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَشْتَرِي بُيُوعًا فَمَا يَحِلُّ مِنْهَا وَمَا يَحْرُمُ؟ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي إِذَا اشْتَرَيْتَ بَيْعًا فَلَا تَبِعْهُ حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ مِنْ يُوسُفَ إِنَّمَا سَمِعَهُ مِنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ حَكِيمٍ عَنْ يُوسُفَ
[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, I engage in these sales, so what is permissible for me and what is prohibited for me?" He said, "O nephew, do not sell anything until you receive it. This is a good continuous chain of narration." And likewise...
قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَبْتَاعُ هَذِهِ الْبُيُوعَ فَمَا يَحِلُّ لِي مِنْهَا وَمَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيَّ؟ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لَا تَبِيعَنَّ شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَقْبِضَهُ هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ حَسَنٌ مُتَّصِلٌ وَكَذَلِكَ