13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever sells a slave while still having a debt, the debt is upon him unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. And whoever cultivates a palm tree and sells it after it has borne fruit, the fruit is for him unless the buyer stipulates otherwise. This is valid if it is correct, for Allah knows best. As for the debtor who engages in trade with money and has a debt tied to it, the creditor takes his money and settles his debt from it."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ بَاعَ عَبْدًا وَلَهُ مَالٌ فَلَهُ مَالُهُ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ وَمَنْ أَبَّرَ نَخْلًا فَبَاعَهُ بَعْدَ تَوْبِيرِهِ فَلَهُ ثَمَرَتُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشْتَرِطَ الْمُبْتَاعُ وَهَذَا إِنْ صَحَّ فَإِنَّمَا أَرَادَ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ الْعَبْدَ الْمَأْذُونَ لَهُ فِي التِّجَارَةِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي يَدِهِ مَالٌ وَفِيهِ دَيْنٌ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِهِ فَالسَّيِّدُ يَأْخُذُ مَالَهُ وَيَقْضِي مِنْهُ دَيْنَهُ
[Machine] They used to say that the debt of the mamluk was guaranteed and that the only thing that was affected by people's wealth was the debt, like something that is stolen, or money that is taken by force, or a camel that is sacrificed. That is all similar to a wound that is inflicted, either its master will heal it, or its slave will submit it.
كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ دَيْنُ الْمَمْلُوكِ فِي ذِمَّتِهِ وَمَا أَصَابَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ النَّاسِ سِوَى الدَّيْنِ مِثْلُ الشَّيْءِ يَخْتَلِسُهُ أَوِ الْمَالِ يَغْتَصِبُهُ أَوِ الْبَعِيرُ يَنْحَرُهُ فَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْجُرْحِ يَجْرَحُهُ إِمَّا أَنْ يَفْدِيَهُ سَيِّدُهُ وَإِمَّا أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ عَبْدَهُ