[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , forbade the sale of fruits until they become ripe. It was said, "O Messenger of Allah, what do you mean by ripe?" He said, "When they turn red." The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , also said, "What do you think if Allah withholds the fruit, how will one of you take the money of his brother?" They both narrated it in Sahih as mentioned previously. Abu Sa'id bin Abi 'Amr informed us, Abu Al-Abbas said, "I am Ar-Rabi', I am Ash-Shafi'i, I am Malik," and he mentioned it in a similar manner. Ash-Shafi'i said during his discussion on the matter of the pandemic, "If Malik owned the fruits and did not have control over the price of what was affected by the pandemic, it would not be necessary for him to sell it." This means that if it was permissible to sell it when it was still green or unripe and it can be picked and cut, it was still commanded to sell it at the time when it is mostly expected to survive from being damaged. Even if the price of what was affected by the pandemic was not binding for the seller and the buyer, he said, "And if the hadith is proven in the case of a pandemic, it does not serve as evidence in this matter." And he concluded the hadith in this manner.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثِّمَارِ حَتَّى تُزْهَى فَقِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَا تُزْهَى؟ قَالَ حِينَ تَحْمَرُّ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَرَأَيْتَ إِذَا مَنَعَ اللهُ الثَّمَرَةَ فَبِمَ يَأْخُذُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَالَ أَخِيهِ؟ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ كَمَا مَضَى ذِكْرُهُ 10624 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أنا الرَّبِيعُ أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ أنا مَالِكٌ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ خِلَالَ كَلَامِهِ فِي مَسْأَلَةِ الْجَائِحَةِ لَوْ كَانَ مَالِكُ الثَّمَرَةِ لَا يَمْلِكُ ثَمَنَ مَا اجْتِيحَ مِنْ ثَمَرَتِهِ مَا كَانَ لِمَنْعِهِ أَنْ يَبِيعَهَا مَعْنَى إِذَا كَانَ يَحِلُّ بَيْعُهَا طَلْعًا أَوْ بَلَحًا يُلْقَطُ وَيُقْطَعُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِبَيْعِهَا فِي الْحِينِ الَّذِي الْأَغْلَبُ فِيهَا أَنْ تَنْجُوَ مِنَ الْعَاهَةِ وَلَوْ لَمْ يَلْزَمْهُ ثَمَنُ مَا أَصَابَتْهُ الْجَائِحَةُ مَا ضَرَّ ذَلِكَ الْبَائِعَ وَالْمُشْتَرِيَ قَالَ وَإِنْ ثَبَتَ الْحَدِيثُ فِي وَضَعِ الْجَائِحَةِ لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي هَذَا حُجَّةٌ وَأَمْضَى الْحَدِيثَ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ  

[Machine] Al-Abbas al-Asamm, I am al-Rabi' and I am al-Shafi'i and I am Malik. Abu Ahmad al-Mihrajani informed us that Muhammad ibn Ja'far al-Muzakki narrated to us from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim who narrated from Ibn Bukayr who narrated from Malik who narrated from Abu al-Rijal Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman who narrated from his mother Ummarah bint Abd al-Rahman that she heard him saying, "A man bought a piece of land during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he began to cultivate it. But then a defect became apparent in it, so he asked the owner of the land to either remove the defect or take it back. The owner of the land swore that he would not do that. Ummul Mushtari went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned this to him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'It is most likely that he will not do good.' When the owner of the land heard this, he went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'The wording of this narration is from Ibn Bukayr, but it is not mentioned in the narration of al-Shafi'i or that he would take it back.' The owner of the land said, 'He cured it and I have benefited from it.' Abu Sa'id narrated from Abu al-Abbas from al-Rabi' from al-Shafi'i who said, 'The narration of Ummarah is mursal (disconnected) and the people of hadith do not consider mursal narrations as evidence. If the hadith of Ummarah was accepted, it would imply that the defendant's word should not be taken. The Sheikh said, 'Harithah ibn Abu al-Rijal has also narrated it from his father from Ummarah from Aishah, but Harithah is weak and cannot be relied upon, and Yahya ibn Sa'id has also narrated it from Abu al-Rijal, but it is an abridged version that does not mention the curing of the defect."  

الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ أنا الرَّبِيعُ أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ أنا مَالِكٌ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الْمِهْرَجَانِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْمُزَكِّي ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا ابْنُ بُكَيْرٍ ثنا مَالِكٌ عَنْ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أُمِّهِ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهَا تَقُولُ ابْتَاعَ رَجُلٌ ثَمَرَ حَائِطٍ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَعَالَجَهُ وَقَامَ فِيهِ حَتَّى تَبَيَّنَ لَهُ النُّقْصَانُ فَسَأَلَ رَبَّ الْحَائِطِ أَنْ يَضَعَ عَنْهُ أَوْ أَنْ يُقِيلَهُ فَحَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ فَذَهَبَتْ أُمُّ الْمُشْتَرِي إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَأَلَّى أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ خَيْرًا فَسَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ رَبُّ الْحَائِطِ فَأَتَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ هُوَ لَهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ بُكَيْرٍ وَلَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الشَّافِعِيِّ أَوْ أَنْ يُقِيلَهُ وَقَالَ فَعَالَجَهُ وَأَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ زَادَنِي أَبُو سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنِ الشَّافِعِيِّ قَالَ حَدِيثُ عَمْرَةَ مُرْسَلٌ وَأَهْلُ الْحَدِيثِ وَنَحْنُ لَا نُثْبِتُ الْمُرْسَلَ فَلَوْ ثَبَتَ حَدِيثُ عَمْرَةَ كَانَتْ فِيهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ دَلَالَةٌ عَلَى أَنْ لَا تُوضَعَ الْجَائِحَةُ لِقَوْلِهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَأَلَّى أَنْ لَا يَفْعَلَ خَيْرًا وَلَوْ كَانَ الْحُكْمُ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَضَعَ الْجَائِحَةَ لَكَانَ أَشْبَهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ ذَلِكَ لَازِمٌ لَهُ حَلَفَ أَوْ لَمْ يَحْلِفْ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ قَدْ أَسْنَدَهُ حَارِثَةُ بْنُ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ فَرَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ إِلَّا أَنَّ حَارِثَةَ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ وَأَسْنَدَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ مُخْتَصَرٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ ذِكْرُ الثَّمَرِ  

Once Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard the loud voices of some opponents quarreling at the door. One of them was appealing to the other to deduct his debt and asking him to be lenient but the other was saying, "By Allah I will not do so." Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out to them and said, "Who is the one who was swearing by Allah that he would not do a favor?" That man said, "I am that person, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I will give my opponent whatever he wishes." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2705)   

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ صَوْتَ خُصُومٍ بِالْبَابِ عَالِيَةٍ أَصْوَاتُهُمْ وَإِذَا أَحَدُهُمْ يَسْتَوْضِعُ الْآخَرَ وَيَسْتَرْفِقُهُ فِي شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَاللهِ لَا أَفْعَلُ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمَا فَقَالَ أَيْنَ الْمُتَأَلِّي عَلَى اللهِ لَا يَفْعَلُ الْمَعْرُوفَ؟ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَا فَلَهُ أِيُّ ذَلِكَ أَحَبَّ  

In the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a man suffered loss affecting fruits he had bought and owed a large debt, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Give him sadaqah (alms). So the people gave him sadaqah (alms), but as that was not enough to pay the debt in full, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Take what you find. But that is all you may have. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3469)   

أُصِيبَ رَجُلٌ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي ثِمَارٍ ابْتَاعَهَا فَكَثُرَ دَيْنُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ فَتَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ فَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَلِكَ وَفَاءَ دِينِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خُذُوا مَا وَجَدْتُمْ وَلَيْسَ لَكُمْ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ