13. Commerce
١٣۔ كِتَابُ الْبُيُوعِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The tax is guaranteed to be 10739." And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz narrated to us, that I am Ahmad bin Ya'qub Al-Thaqafi, who was narrated by Umar bin Hafs Al-Sadusi, who was narrated by Asim bin Ali, who was narrated by Ibn Abi Dhib, who mentioned it except that he said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ decided that the tax be guaranteed, and likewise."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْخَرَاجُ بِالضَّمَانِ 10739 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الثَّقَفِيُّ ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ السَّدُوسِيُّ ثنا عَاصِمُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ فَذَكَرَهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ وَكَذَلِكَ
[Machine] "That the servant's tax and his dues be returned, and I had gathered from his dues one thousand dirhams. So I went to Umar and informed him, and Umar informed me through Urwa that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had decreed to return the tax with a guarantee. So I went to Hisham and informed him, and he returned it and approved it, and its meaning is."
أَنْ يُرَدَّ الْعَبْدُ وَخَرَاجُهُ وَقَدْ كَانَ اجْتَمَعَ مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ أَلْفُ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ عُرْوَةَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ فَأَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى بِالْخَرَاجِ بِالضَّمَانِ قَالَ فَأَتَيْتُ هِشَامًا فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ قَالَ فَرَدَّ ذَلِكَ وَأَجَازَهُ وَبِمَعْنَاهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ determined that the kharaaj (land tax) should be paid with guarantee, and with this meaning...
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ وَبِهَذَا الْمَعْنَى
[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , made a ruling in a similar matter that taxes should be collected with guarantee. I hurried to Umar and informed him of what Uruwah had informed me about Aisha in relation to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ . Umar said, 'What could be easier for me than a ruling that Allah knows I only meant justice in? I was informed of a sunnah in this matter from the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , so I will follow Umar's ruling and implement the sunnah of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ .' Uruwah then went to Umar and ruled that I should collect the tax that had been ruled upon me, 10742, and with this meaning..."
رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا أَنَّ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ فَعَجَّلْتُ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ مَا أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَمَا أَيْسَرَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ قَضَاءٍ قَضَيْتُهُ اللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي لَمْ أُرِدْ فِيهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ فَبَلَغَتْنِي فِيهِ سُنَّةٌ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَرُدُّ قَضَاءَ عُمَرَ وَأُنَفِّذُ سُنَّةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَاحَ إِلَيْهِ عُرْوَةُ فَقَضَى لِي أَنْ آخُذَ الْخَرَاجَ مِنَ الَّذِي قَضَى بِهِ عَلَيَّ لَهُ 10742 وَبِهَذَا الْمَعْنَى
" The Messenger of Allah ruled that what a slave earns belongs to his guarantor." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4490)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ الْخَرَاجَ بِالضَّمَانِ
[Machine] A man bought a boy from another man, but then he found that the boy had an illness that the seller had known about. So he argued with him until they agreed to settle the matter with a mediator. He said, "Return the illness with its cause, and you will keep the sales proceeds with the guarantee."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا اشْتَرَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ غُلَامًا فَأَصَابَ مِنْ غَلَّتِهِ ثُمَّ وَجَدَ بِهِ دَاءً كَانَ عِنْدَ الْبَائِعِ فَخَاصَمَهُ إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَقَالَ رُدَّ الدَّاءَ بِدَائِهِ وَلَكَ الْغَلَّةُ بِالضَّمَانِ