[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad, ﷺ , camped at Akamah near the fortress of Taif. He besieged them for about ten nights, and the people of Thaqif fought him with nobility and stones while they were inside the fortress of Taif. The casualties were numerous among the Muslims and the people of Thaqif. The Muslims cut down some of the Thaqif's grapevines to provoke them. Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "O Messenger of Allah, these grapevines are still in their season and their fruits have not been eaten yet." So he ordered them to cut down only what had been eaten from the first harvest.  

فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْأَكَمَةِ عِنْدَ حِصْنِ الطَّائِفِ فَحَاصَرَهُمْ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً وَقَاتَلَتْهُ ثَقِيفٌ بِالنَّبْلِ وَالْحِجَارَةِ وَهُمْ فِي حِصْنِ الطَّائِفِ وَكَثُرَتِ الْقَتْلَى فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَفِي ثَقِيفٍ وَقَطَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ شَيْئًا مِنْ كُرُومِ ثَقِيفٍ لِيَغِيظُوهُمْ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ وَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حِينَ حَاصَرُوا ثَقِيفًا أَنْ يَقْطَعَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَمْسَ نَخَلَاتٍ أَوْ حَبَلَاتٍ مِنْ كُرُومِهِمْ فَأَتَاهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهَا عَفًا لَمْ تُؤْكَلْ ثِمَارُهَا فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَقْطَعُوا مَا أُكِلَتْ ثَمَرَتُهُ الْأَوَّلَ فَالْأَوَّلَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ camped at Al-Akamah near the fortress of Taif for about ten nights, fighting against them. He mentioned that they cut some of their grapevines in order to annoy them with it. Thaqif said, "Do not ruin the wealth, it belongs to us or to you." The Muslims sought permission to attack the fortress, but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I do not think we should open it, and we have not been given permission to do so now."  

وَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْأَكَمَةِ عِنْدَ حِصْنِ الطَّائِفِ بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً يُقَاتِلُهُمْ فَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ وَقَطَعُوا طَائِفَةً مِنْ أَعْنَابِهِمْ لِيَغِيظُوهُمْ بِهَا فَقَالَتْ ثَقِيفٌ لَا تُفْسِدُوا الْأَمْوَالَ فَإِنَّهَا لَنَا أَوْ لَكُمْ قَالَ وَاسْتَأْذَنَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي مُنَاهَضَةِ الْحِصْنِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَرَى أَنْ نَفْتَحَهُ وَمَا أُذِنَ لَنَا فِيهِ الْآنَ  

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i said that the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , set up a catapult or a jousting spear against the people of Ta'if.  

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ نَصَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَهْلِ الطَّائِفِ مَنْجَنِيقًا أَوْ عَرَّادَةً  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ besieged the people of Taif and set up catapults against them for seventeen days. Abu Qilabah said that this hadith was rejected. The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said that it seems that he rejected it because the chain of narration is not known, and it is possible that he only rejected their use of catapults on that day. Abu Dawud narrated in al-Marasil from Abu Salih from Abu Ishaq al-Fazari from al-Awza'i from Yahya ibn Abi Kathir that he said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ besieged them for a month." I asked, "Did he throw catapults at them?" He denied it and said, "This is not known." The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said that this was how Yahya said it, that he did not know about it, but others claimed that he did know about it. Abu Dawud narrated in al-Marasil from Muhammad ibn Bashshar from Yahya ibn Sa'id from Sufyan from Thawr from Mak'hul that the Prophet ﷺ set up catapults against the people of Taif. Al-Shafi'i also mentioned it in al-Qadim 18121. Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Muhammad informed us of this hadith. Abu al-Husayn al-Fasawi narrated it to him from Abu Ali al-Lu'lu'i from Abu Dawud, and they both mentioned it. Al-Waqidi also mentioned it from his shuyukh, as did Mak'hul, and he claimed that Salmaan al-Farsi indicated it. Al-Shafi'i also mentioned in al-Qadim a hadith of Ibn al-Mubarak from Musa ibn Ali from his father that Amr ibn al-As set up a catapult against the people of Alexandria.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ حَاصَرَ أَهْلَ الطَّائِفِ وَنَصَبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَنْجَنِيقَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ وَكَانَ يُنْكَرُ عَلَيْهِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فَكَأَنَّهُ كَانَ يُنْكَرُ عَلَيْهِ وَصْلُ إِسْنَادِهِ وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَنْكَرَ رَمْيَهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِالْمَجَانِيقِ فَقَدْ رَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي الْمَرَاسِيلِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيِّ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنْ يَحْيَى هُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ قَالَ حَاصَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ شَهْرًا قُلْتُ فَبَلَغَكَ أَنَّهُ رَمَاهُمْ بِالْمَجَانِيقِ؟ فَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ مَا يُعْرَفُ هَذَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ كَذَا قَالَ يَحْيَى إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ وَزَعَمَ غَيْرُهُ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ رَوَى أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي الْمَرَاسِيلِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ ثَوْرٍ عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَصَبَ الْمَجَانِيقَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الطَّائِفِ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ 18121 أَخْبَرَنَا بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ أنبأ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ الْفَسَوِيُّ ثنا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ اللُّؤْلُؤِيُّ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُمَا وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُ الْوَاقِدِيُّ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ كَمَا ذَكَرَهُ مَكْحُولٌ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ الَّذِي أَشَارَ بِهِ سَلْمَانُ الْفَارِسِيُّ وَذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي الْقَدِيمِ حَدِيثَ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عَلِيٍّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ نَصَبَ الْمَنْجَنِيقَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِسْكَنْدَرِيَّةِ  

[Machine] So they would throw it every day with sixty catapults, and that was during the time of Umar ibn al-Khattab when Allah granted victory through the hands of Muawiya and Abdullah ibn Amr.  

فَكَانُوا يَرْمُونَهَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ بِسِتِّينَ مَنْجَنِيقًا وَذَلِكَ فِي زَمَنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ حِينَ فَتَحَ اللهُ عَلَى يَدَيْ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered me to deceive the water of the Badr wells, and so on.  

أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أُغَوِّرَ مَاءَ آبَارِ بَدْرٍ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Abu Bakr used to command his officials when he sent them to fight apostates, saying: "If you reach a town that is fortified, mention this hadith until you reach the following part: 'So set it on fire, kill and fight fiercely in combat. Do not flee or weaken in the face of death for your Prophet.'"  

كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ يَأْمُرُ أُمَرَاءَهُ حِينَ كَانَ يَبْعَثُهُمْ فِي الرِّدَّةِ إِذَا غَشِيتُمْ دَارًا فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ فَشُنُّوهَا غَارَةً فَاقْتُلُوا وَأَحْرِقُوا وَانْهَكُوا فِي الْقَتْلِ وَالْجِرَاحِ لَا يُرَى بِكُمْ وَهَنٌ لِمَوْتِ نَبِيِّكُمْ ﷺ  

[Machine] When they set out, Abu Bakr walked with the leaders of his soldiers, bidding them farewell until they reached Thaniyat al-Wada’. They said, “O Caliph of the Messenger of Allah! Will you walk while we are riding?” He said, “Indeed, I seek the reward for my sins in the cause of Allah.” Then he advised them, saying, “I advise you to fear Allah, wage jihad in the cause of Allah, fight those who disbelieve in Allah, for Allah will surely support His religion. Do not be treacherous, do not deceive, do not show cowardice, do not cause corruption on earth, and do not disobey your orders. If you encounter the enemy among the polytheists, then call them to three options. If they accept, accept them and refrain from harming them. Call them to Islam, and if they accept, accept them and refrain from harming them. Then call them to migrate from their homes to the abode of the emigrants, and if they do so, inform them that they have the same rights and responsibilities as the emigrants. And if they choose to remain in the faith of their choice and prefer their homes over the abode of the emigrants, inform them that they will be treated as Muslim Arabs subject to the laws of Allah that have been imposed on the believers. They will have no share in the booty until they fight alongside the Muslims. If they refuse to enter Islam, then call them to pay the jizyah. If they comply, accept it from them and refrain from harming them. If they refuse, seek the help of Allah against them and fight them, if Allah wills. Do not destroy date palms, do not burn them, do not cut down fruitful trees, do not destroy any covenant, do not kill children, elderly people, or women. You will find people who have confined themselves to hermitages, so leave them alone, for what they have confined themselves to is for them. And you will find others who have become the tools of the devil, with lines drawn on their foreheads. When you find such people, strike their necks, if Allah wills. 18126 Abu Abdullah al-Hafiz and Abu Sa’eed ibn Abi Amr reported to us, from Abu al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya’qub, who said: I heard Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal say: I heard my father say: This is a rejected hadith. I do not think there is anything from Yunus except from other than al-Zuhri.  

لَمَّا رَكِبُوا مَشَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَ أُمَرَاءِ جُنُودِهِ يُوَدِّعُهُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَ ثَنِيَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ فَقَالُوا يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ أَتَمْشِي وَنَحْنُ رُكْبَانٌ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يُوصِيهِمْ فَقَالَ أُوصِيكُمْ بِتَقْوَى اللهِ اغْزُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَقَاتِلُوا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ نَاصِرٌ دِينَهُ وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تَجْبُنُوا وَلَا تُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَا تَعْصُوا مَا تُؤْمَرُونَ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُ الْعَدُوَّ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَادْعُوهُمْ إِلَى ثَلَاثِ خِصَالٍ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَجَابُوكَ فَاقْبَلُوا مِنْهُمْ وَكُفُّوا عَنْهُمْ ادْعُوهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَجَابُوكَ فَاقْبَلُوا مِنْهُمْ وَكُفُّوا عَنْهُمْ ثُمَّ ادْعُوهُمْ إِلَى التَّحَوُّلِ مِنْ دَارِهِمْ إِلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَإِنْ هُمْ فَعَلُوا فَأَخْبِرُوهُمْ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مِثْلَ مَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَإِنْ هُمْ دَخَلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَاخْتَارُوا دَارَهُمْ عَلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَأَخْبِرُوهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ كَأَعْرَابِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ حُكْمُ اللهِ الَّذِي فَرَضَ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِي الْفَيْءِ وَالْغَنَائِمِ شَيْءٌ حَتَّى يُجَاهِدُوا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَادْعُوهُمْ إِلَى الْجِزْيَةِ فَإِنْ هُمْ فَعَلُوا فَاقْبَلُوا مِنْهُمْ وَكُفُّوا عَنْهُمْ وَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِينُوا بِاللهِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَاتِلُوهُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ وَلَا تُغْرِقُنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تَحْرِقُنَّهَا وَلَا تَعْقِرُوا بَهِيمَةً وَلَا شَجَرَةً تُثْمِرُ وَلَا تَهْدِمُوا بَيْعَةً وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا الْوِلْدَانَ وَلَا الشُّيُوخَ وَلَا النِّسَاءَ وَسَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي الصَّوَامِعِ فَدَعُوهُمْ وَمَا حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لَهُ وَسَتَجِدُونَ آخَرِينَ اتَّخَذَ الشَّيْطَانُ فِي رُءُوسِهِمْ أَفْحَاصًا فَإِذَا وَجَدْتُمْ أُولَئِكَ فَاضْرِبُوا أَعْنَاقَهُمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ 18126 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْكَرٌ مَا أَظُنُّ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْئًا هَذَا كَلَامُ أَهْلِ الشَّامِ أَنْكَرَهُ أَبِي عَلَى يُونُسَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ كَأَنَّهُ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ يُونُسَ عَنْ غَيْرِ الزُّهْرِيِّ  

[Machine] Imam Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "Perhaps the reason for Abu Bakr's command to refrain from cutting down fruit-bearing trees is because he heard the Prophet ﷺ inform that the lands of the Levant would be conquered by the Muslims. So, when it became permissible for him to cut down the trees and leave them, he chose to leave them due to the presence of Muslims, not because he considered it forbidden. This is because he witnessed the Prophet ﷺ burning them in Nadir, Khaybar, and Ta'if."  

قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَلَعَلَّ أَمْرَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ بِأَنْ يَكُفُّوا عَنْ أَنْ يَقْطَعُوا شَجَرًا مُثْمِرًا؛ إِنَّمَا هُوَ لِأَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يُخْبِرُ أَنَّ بِلَادَ الشَّامِ تُفْتَحُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مُبَاحًا لَهُ أَنْ يَقْطَعَ وَيَتْرُكَ اخْتَارَ التَّرْكَ نَظَرًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ لَا لِأَنَّهُ رَآهُ مُحَرَّمًا؛ لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ حَضَرَ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَحْرِيقَهُ بِالنَّضِيرِ وَخَيْبَرَ وَالطَّائِفِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever kills a bird without just cause, Allah will question him about his killing." It was said: "O Messenger of Allah, what is its just cause?" He said: "To slaughter it and eat it, and not to cut off its head and throw it away." Ash-Shafi'i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade chasing after birds."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ قَتَلَ عُصْفُورًا فَمَا فَوْقَهَا بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهَا سَأَلَهُ اللهُ عَنْ قَتْلِهِ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَا حَقُّهَا؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَذْبَحَهَا فَتَأْكُلَهَا وَلَا تَقْطَعَ رَأْسَهَا فَتَرْمِيَ بِهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَنَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْمَصْبُورَةِ  

[Machine] Anas said, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade tormenting animals.  

أَنَسٌ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُصْبَرَ الْبَهَائِمُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the killing of any animal that is grazing.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ شَيْءٌ مِنَ الْبَهَائِمِ صَبْرًا  

[Machine] Abu Bakr al-Siddiq sent armies to Syria and mentioned in his testament that he said, "Do not slaughter a sheep or a camel except for its meat."  

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ بَعَثَ جُيُوشًا إِلَى الشَّامِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ شَاةً وَلَا بَعِيرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلَةٍ  

[Machine] "That he said, 'Do not slaughter a camel or a cow except for food.'"  

أَنْ قَالَ وَلَا تَذْبَحُوا بَعِيرًا وَلَا بَقَرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلٍ  

[Machine] That they diminish from you, they are only your tomorrow's provision, and the people of your protection. Abu Sa'id added in his narration in another place that Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "We have been informed by Abu Umamah Al-Bahili that he advised his son not to harm any living creature. And Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, may Allah have mercy on him, forbade harming an animal when it is standing, and forbade tying its legs. Hisham ibn Al-Ghaz narrated from Makhloul that he asked him about it, so he forbade him and said: "Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ forbade making animals fight each other."  

أَنْ يَنْتَقِصُوا مِنْكُمْ إِنَّمَا هُمْ غَدًا رَقِيقُكُمْ وَأَهْلُ ذِمَّتِكُمْ زَادَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَقَدْ بَلَغَنَا عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ ؓ أَنَّهُ أَوْصَى ابْنَهُ لَا يَعْقِرُ جَسَدًا وَعَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَنَّهُ نَهَى عَنْ عَقْرِ الدَّابَّةِ إِذَا هِيَ قَامَتْ وَعَنْ قَبِيصَةَ أَنَّ فَرَسَهُ قَامَ عَلَيْهِ بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ فَتَرَكَهُ وَنَهَى عَنْ عَقْرِهِ أَخْبَرَنَا مَنْ سَمِعَ هِشَامَ بْنَ الْغَازِ وَيَرْوِي عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ أَنَّهُ سَأَلَهُ عَنْهَا فَنَهَاهُ وَقَالَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُثْلَةِ  

'May Allah curse the one who disfigures and animal. (Sahih ) (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4442)   

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَعَنَ اللهُ مَنْ مَثَّلَ بِالْحَيَوَانِ  

[Machine] From Abu Ruham Al-Samai, the companion of the Prophet ﷺ, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever injures a camel, a quarter of his reward will be taken away, and whoever burns a date palm, a quarter of his reward will be taken away, and whoever deceives his business partner, a quarter of his reward will be taken away, and whoever disobeys his leader, his entire reward will be taken away." In this chain of narrators, there is weakness, but in the beginning of it there is sufficiency.  

عَنْ أَبِي رُهْمٍ السَّمَاعِيِّ صَاحِبِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ عَقَرَ بَهِيمَةً ذَهَبَ رُبْعُ أَجْرِهِ وَمَنْ حَرَّقَ نَخْلًا ذَهَبَ رُبْعُ أَجْرِهِ وَمَنْ غَاشَّ شَرِيكَهُ ذَهَبَ رُبْعُ أَجْرِهِ وَمَنْ عَصَى إِمَامَهُ ذَهَبَ أَجْرُهُ كُلُّهُ فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ ضَعْفٌ وَفِي الْأَوَّلِ كِفَايَةٌ  

[Machine] About a man who had a blonde horse, he provoked her, then he advanced and fought until he was killed.  

عَنْ فَرَسٍ لَهُ شَقْرَاءَ فَعَقَرَهَا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ  

[Machine] Abu Dawood Al-Sijistani said, "This narration is not strong and it includes many prohibitions regarding the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "The scholars avoid what Ibn Ishaq narrates in it, and if it is authentic, perhaps Ja'far did not receive the prohibition. Allah knows best."  

قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ السِّجِسْتَانِيُّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ لَيْسَ بِذَلِكَ الْقَوِيِّ وَقَدْ جَاءَ فِيهِ نَهْيٌ كَثِيرٌ عَنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ الْحُفَّاظُ يَتَوَقَّوْنَ مَا يَنْفَرِدُ بِهِ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَإِنْ صَحَّ فَلَعَلَّ جَعْفَرًا ؓ لَمْ يَبْلُغْهُ النَّهْيُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] "After that, Abu Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) was from the long sea. If I had wished, they would have saved me like a strong camel and I did not carry the blessings for Ibn Sha'ub. My dowry remained the barking of a dog from them until dawn approached sunset. I fight them diligently and I call: 'O the victorious one!' and I repel them with the corner of my prayer niche. Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub informed us, Ahmad ibn Abdul Jabbar informed us, Yunus ibn Bukayr narrated from Ibn Ishaq from Al-Zuhri and others in the story of Uhud. He mentioned the story of Hanthala with Abu Sufyan and the lack of support from Ibn Sha'ub and the killing of Hanthala, except that he did not mention the horse. Then, he mentioned the verses of Abu Sufyan in a similar manner to what Al-Shafi'i mentioned, and he added to them. Ibn Ishaq said, the name of Ibn Sha'ub is Shaddad ibn Al-Aswad, like he said. Al-Waqidi mentioned in this story that his horse stumbled."  

أَبُو سُفْيَانَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَلِكَ [البحر الطويل] فَلَوْ شِئْتُ نَجَّتْنِي كُمَيْتٌ رَجِيلَةٌ وَلَمْ أَحْمِلِ النَّعْمَاءَ لِابْنِ شَعُوبِ وَمَازَالَ مُهْرِي مُزْجِرَ الْكَلْبِ مِنْهُمُ لَدَى غُدْوَةٍ حَتَّى دَنَتْ لِغُرُوبِ أُقَاتِلُهُمْ طُرًّا وَأَدْعُو يَا لَغَالِبٍ وَأَدْفَعُهُمْ عَنِّي بِرُكْنِ صَلِيبِ 18140 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ فِي قِصَّةِ أُحُدٍ فَذَكَرَ قِصَّةَ حَنْظَلَةَ مَعَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ مَعُونَةِ ابْنِ شَعُوبٍ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ وَقَتْلِهِ حَنْظَلَةَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْعَقْرَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَبْيَاتَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِنَحْوٍ مِمَّا ذَكَرَهُنَّ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَزَادَ عَلَيْهِنَّ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَاسْمُ ابْنِ شَعُوبٍ شَدَّادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ كَذَا قَالَ وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ الْوَاقِدِيُّ فِي هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةِ عَقْرَهُ فَرَسَهُ  

[Machine] Narrated by his elders, they mentioned the story of Handhalah. They said, "Handhalah ibn Abi 'Amir took his weapon and joined the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at the Battle of Uhud while he was aligning the rows. When the disbelievers were exposed, Handhalah intercepted Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and struck his horse's hindquarters. The horse bucked, and Abu Sufyan fell to the ground. He started shouting, 'O people of Quraysh, I am Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, and Handhalah wants to kill me with his sword!' The sound reached some men who were not paying attention in the midst of defeat until Al-Aswad ibn Shuaib noticed it. He rushed towards Handhalah with his spear, penetrated him, and Abu Sufyan escaped."  

عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ فَذَكَرُوا قِصَّةَ حَنْظَلَةَ قَالُوا وَأَخَذَ حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ ؓ سِلَاحَهُ فَلَحِقَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِأُحُدٍ وَهُوَ يُسَوِّي الصُّفُوفَ فَلَمَّا انْكَشَفَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ اعْتَرَضَ حَنْظَلَةُ لِأَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حَرْبٍ فَضَرَبَ عُرْقُوبَ فَرَسِهِ فَاكْتَسَعَتِ الْفَرَسُ وَيَقَعُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ فَجَعَلَ يَصِيحُ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ أَنَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ وَحَنْظَلَةُ يُرِيدُ ذَبَحَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَأَسْمَعَ الصَّوْتُ رِجَالًا لَا يَلْتَفِتُونَ إِلَيْهِ فِي الْهَزِيمَةِ حَتَّى عَايَنَهُ الْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ شَعُوبٍ فَحَمَلَ عَلَى حَنْظَلَةَ بِالرُّمْحِ فَأَنْفَذَهُ وَهَرَبَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ  

[Machine] Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Rabah, a young boy who was a messenger of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said, "I went out with him on the back of Talhah's horse during the day. When we woke up, Abdul Rahman ibn Uyainah attacked the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ back. He asked me, 'O Rabah, take this horse and inform Talhah ibn Ubaydullah and inform the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that the polytheists have attacked his horse's saddle.' Then I stood on a hill and faced the city and called out to three voices saying, 'O Sabahah.' Then I went after the traces of the people, throwing stones at them as I am the son of Ak'wa and today is the day of breastfeeding. I threw a man with an arrow until it hit his shoulder, and I said, 'Take this, as I am the son of Ak'wa and today is the day of breastfeeding.' By Allah, I kept throwing them and harassing them until a Persian horse approached me. I came to a tree and sat in its shade, then I threw it and harassed them. When the mountain narrowed, they entered a narrow passage, and I climbed the mountain, then I began throwing them with stones. I kept doing that until Allah did not create a camel from the back of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that I did not put it behind me and they were left between me and him. The narration continues until he said, 'I did not leave my place until I saw the riders of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passing through the trees, and the first of them was Al-Akram Al-Asadi, with Abu Qatadah Al-Ansari following him, and behind him was Al-Miqdad ibn Al-Aswad Al-Khindi. So, I took the reins of Al-Akram's horse and said, 'O Al-Akram, the people are few, so be careful that they don't cut you off until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions catch up.' He said, 'O Salamah, if you believe in Allah and the Last Day and you know that Paradise is true and Hellfire is true, then do not stand between me and martyrdom.' So, I let him go and he encountered Abdul Rahman ibn Uyainah and attacked him, and Abdul Rahman attacked his horse and stabbed him, killing him. Abdul Rahman got on his horse and Abu Qatadah caught up to Abdul Rahman and stabbed him, killing him. Abdul Rahman's horse attacked Abu Qatadah, and Abu Qatadah got on the horse of Al-Akram Al-Asadi and they fled."

The narration continues.  

فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ظَهْرًا مَعَ رَبَاحٍ غُلَامِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَخَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ بِفَرَسِ طَلْحَةَ أُبْدِيهِ مَعَ الظَّهْرِ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا إِذَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ قَدْ أَغَارَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَاقَهُ أَجْمَعَ وَقَتْلَ رَاعِيَهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَبَاحُ خُذْ هَذَا الْفَرَسَ فَأَبْلِغْهُ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ وَأَخْبِرْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ أَغَارُوا عَلَى سَرْحِهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ قُمْتُ عَلَى ثَنِيَّةٍ فَاسْتَقْبَلْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَنَادَيْتُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَصْوَاتٍ يَا صَبَاحَاهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ فِي آثَارِ الْقَوْمِ أَرْمِيهِمْ بِالنَّبْلِ وَأَرْتَجِزُ أَنَا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الرُّضَّعِ قَالَ فَأَرْمِي رَجُلًا فَأَضَعُ السَّهْمَ حَتَّى يَقَعَ فِي كَتِفِهِ وَقُلْتُ خُذْهَا وَأَنَا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الرُّضَّعِ قَالَ فَوَاللهِ مَا زِلْتُ أَرْمِيهِمْ وَأَعْقِرُ بِهِمْ فَإِذَا رَجَعَ إِلِيَّ فَارِسٌ أَتَيْتُ شَجَرَةً فَجَلَسْتُ فِي أَصْلِهَا فَرَمَيْتُهِ فَعَقَرْتُ بِهِ فَإِذَا تَضَايَقَ الْجَبَلُ فَدَخَلُوا فِي مُتَضَايِقٍ رَقِيتُ الْجَبَلَ ثُمَّ جَعَلْتُ أُرَدِّيهِمْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ قَالَ فَمَا زِلْتُ كَذَلِكَ أَتْبَعُهُمْ حَتَّى مَا خَلَقَ اللهُ بَعِيرًا مِنْ ظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَّا جَعَلْتُهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِي وَخَلَّوْا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ فَمَا بَرِحْتُ مَكَانِي حَتَّى نَظَرْتُ إِلَى فَوَارِسِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَخَلَّلُونَ الشَّجَرَ وَإِذَا أَوَّلُهُمُ الْأَخْرَمُ الْأَسَدِيُّ وَعَلَى أَثَرِهِ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ وَعَلَى أَثَرِهِ الْمِقْدَادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ الْكِنْدِيُّ فَأَخَذْتُ بِعِنَانِ فَرَسِ الْأَخْرَمِ قُلْتُ يَا أَخْرَمُ إِنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَلِيلٌ فَاحْذَرْهُمْ لَا يَقْتَطِعُونَكَ حَتَّى يَلْحَقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ فَقَالَ يَا سَلَمَةُ إِنْ كُنْتَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتَعْلَمُ أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارَ حَقٌّ فَلَا تَحُلْ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ الشَّهَادَةِ فَخَلَّيْتُهُ فَالْتَقَى هُوَ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فَعَقَرَ الْأَخْرَمُ بِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَرَسَهُ وَطَعَنَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَتَحَوَّلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ فَلَحِقَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ فَطَعَنَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَعُقِرَ بِهِ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ فَتَحَوَّلَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ عَلَى فَرَسِ الْأَخْرَمِ وَخَرَجُوا هَارِبِينَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent some horse men to Najd and they brought a man called Thumama bin Uthal from Bani Hanifa. They fastened him to one of the pillars of the mosque. (Using translation from Bukhārī 469)   

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ يَقُولُ بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ خَيْلًا قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ فَجَاءَتْ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي حَنِيفَةَ يُقَالُ لَهُ ثُمَامَةُ بْنُ أُثَالٍ سَيِّدُ أَهْلِ الْيَمَامَةِ فَرَبَطُوهُ بِسَارِيَةٍ مِنْ سَوَارِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ قَدْ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ بِطُولِهِ كَمَا مَضَى  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Abdullah ibn Ghalib al-Laythi along with a detachment and I was also with them. He ordered them to attach Banu al-Mulawwih from all sides at al-Kadid. So we went out and when we reached al-Kadid we met al-Harith ibn al-Barsa al-Laythi, and seized him. He said: I came with the intention of embracing Islam, and I came out to go to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. We said: If you are a Muslim, there is no harm if we keep you in chains for a day and night; and if you are not, we shall tie you with chains. So we tied him with chains. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2678)   

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ غَالِبٍ اللَّيْثِيَّ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ فَكُنْتُ فِيهِمْ فَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَشُنُّوا الْغَارَةَ عَلَى بَنِي الْمُلَوِّحِ فِي الْكَدِيدِ فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِالْكَدِيدِ لَقِينَا الْحَارِثَ بْنَ الْبَرْصَاءِ اللَّيْثِيَّ فَأَخَذْنَاهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا جِئْتُ أُرِيدُ الْإِسْلَامَ وَإِنَّمَا خَرَجْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْنَا إِنْ تَكُ مُسْلِمًا لَمْ يَضُرَّكَ رِبَاطُنَا يَوْمًا وَلَيْلَةً وَإِنْ تَكُنْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ نَسْتَوْثِقْ مِنْكَ فَشَدَدْنَاهُ وِثَاقًا  

[Machine] When evening came on the day of Badr, and the prisoners were in shackles, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed awake at the beginning of the night. His companions said to him, "O Messenger of Allah, why don't you sleep when Al-Abbas has secretly released a man from the Ansar?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I heard the moaning of my blind uncle Al-Abbas in his shackles, so they released him and he became silent. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell asleep.  

لَمَّا أَمْسَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَالْأُسَارَى مَحْبُوسُونَ بِالْوَثَاقِ بَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَاهِرًا أَوَّلَ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا لَكَ لَا تَنَامُ وَقَدْ أَسَرَ الْعَبَّاسَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَمِعْتُ أَنِينَ عَمِّيَ الْعَبَّاسِ فِي وَثَاقِهِ فَأَطْلَقُوهُ فَسَكَتَ فَنَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] During the captivity, when they arrived in Medina, Sawda bint Zam'a, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , was staying with the family of Afraa in their house. They were under the guardianship of A'wf and Mu'awwath, the sons of Afraa, before they were veiled. Sawda said, "By Allah, I was with them when we were taken and brought to them. It was said that these captives had been brought, so I returned to my house where the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was. There, I saw Abu Yazid Suhail bin 'Amr, with both his hands tied to his neck with a rope. By Allah, I have never seen anything like this before. When I asked which Abu Yazid they were referring to with their hands, they said they would kill him. I was only saved from being killed by the words of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , who said, 'O Sawda, may Allah and His Messenger exalt you!' I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I swear by the One who sent you with the truth, I have never seen anything like this before when I saw Abu Yazid with his hands tied to his neck with a rope. If I had said anything, I would have been killed, except for the words of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ .'  

بِالْأُسَارَى حِينَ قُدِمَ بِهِمُ الْمَدِينَةُ وَسَوْدَةُ بِنْتُ زَمْعَةَ ؓ زَوْجُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عِنْدَ آلِ عَفْرَاءَ فِي مُنَاخِِهِمْ عَلَى عَوْفٍ وَمُعَوِّذٍ ابْنَيْ عَفْرَاءَ وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُضْرَبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحِجَابُ قَالَتْ سَوْدَةُ فَوَاللهِ إِنِّي لَعِنْدَهُمْ إِذْ أُتِينَا فَقِيلَ هَؤُلَاءِ الْأُسَارَى قَدْ أُتِيَ بِهِمْ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِ وَإِذَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْحُجْرَةِ يَدَاهُ مَجْمُوعَتَانِ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ بِحَبْلٍ فَوَاللهِ مَا مَلَكْتُ حِينَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا يَزِيدَ كَذَلِكَ أَنْ قُلْتُ أَيْ أَبَا يَزِيدَ أَعْطَيْتُمْ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ إِلَّا مِتُّمْ كِرَامًا فَمَا انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَّا بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ يَا سَوْدَةُ أَعَلَى اللهِ وَعَلَى رَسُولِهِ؟ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا مَلَكْتُ حِينَ رَأَيْتُ أَبَا يَزِيدَ مَجْمُوعَةً يَدَاهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ بِالْحَبْلِ أَنْ قُلْتُ مَا قُلْتُ  

[Machine] Al-Nabeel narrated from the son of Abu Dhi'ab, from Muhammad Ibn Amr Ibn Ata', from Thaqwan, from Aisha, that the Prophet ﷺ entered upon her while she had a captive woman with her. They engaged in a conversation that distracted her from him, so the captive woman left. The Prophet ﷺ then came and asked Aisha, "Where is the captive woman?" She replied, "There were some women with me, and they distracted me from her, so she left." The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "May Allah cut off your hands." Then, he left and sent someone to track the captive woman down. He brought her back and the Prophet ﷺ entered, only to find that Aisha had raised her hands. He asked, "What has happened to you?" She replied, "O Messenger of Allah, you invoked Allah to cut off my hands, and I am waiting for someone to cut them." The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "Have you gone mad?" Then, he raised his hands and said, "O Allah, for whomever I invoked in this manner, make it an expiation and purification for them."  

النَّبِيلُ أنبأ ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ ذَكْوَانَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا بِأَسِيرٍ وَعِنْدَهَا نِسْوَةٌ فَلَهَيْنَهَا عَنْهُ فَذَهَبَ الْأَسِيرُ فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا عَائِشَةُ أَيْنَ الْأَسِيرُ؟ فَقَالَتْ نِسْوَةٌ كُنَّ عِنْدِي فَلَهَيْنَنِي عَنْهُ فَذَهَبَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَطَعَ اللهُ يَدَكِ وَخَرَجَ فَأَرْسَلَ فِي أَثَرِهِ فَجِيءَ بِهِ فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَإِذَا عَائِشَةُ ؓ قَدْ أَخْرَجَتْ يَدَيْهَا فَقَالَ مَا لَكِ؟ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّكَ دَعَوْتَ عَلَيَّ بِقَطْعِ يَدِيَّ وَإِنِّي مُعَلِّقَةٌ يَدِيَّ أَنْتَظِرُ مَنْ يَقْطَعُهَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَجُنِنْتِ؟ ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَقَالَ اللهُمَّ مَنْ كُنْتُ دَعَوْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَاجْعَلْهُ لَهُ كَفَّارَةً وَطَهُورًا  

[Machine] Abu Bakr said, "You are not a disembarking person, nor am I a boarding person. I repent for my sins in the path of Allah." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Indeed, you will find a people who claim to have imprisoned themselves for the sake of Allah. Leave them, for they did not imprison themselves for Him. And you will find a people who have shaved off the hair around the middle of their heads. So strike the places they have shaved with the sword." Abu Bakr, I advise you with ten things: Do not kill a woman, a child, an elderly person, a feeble old man; do not cut down a fruit-bearing tree; do not destroy a inhabited place; do not harm a sheep or a camel except for food; do not burn a palm tree or drown it; do not untie what is tightly tied; and do not betray or deceive. Narrate from me about the incident of Zuhri from Saeed bin Musayyab from Abu Bakr As Siddiq, as he mentioned about the burning issue. Abu Bakr As Siddiq prepared an army, and Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan was appointed as the leader of an expedition to Sham, so he went along with him and mentioned the Hadith in a similar manner.  

لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ مَا أَنْتَ بِنَازِلٍ وَلَا أَنَا بِرَاكِبٍ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَ إِنَّكَ سَتَجِدُ قَوْمًا زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لِلَّهِ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا زَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ لَهُ وَسَتَجِدُ قَوْمًا فَحَصُوا عَنْ أَوْسَاطِ رُءُوسِهِمْ مِنَ الشَّعْرِ فَاضْرِبْ مَا فَحَصُوا عَنْهُ بِالسَّيْفِ وَإِنِّي مُوصِيكَ بِعَشْرٍ لَا تَقْتُلَنَّ امْرَأَةً وَلَا صَبِيًّا وَلَا كَبِيرًا هَرِمًا وَلَا تَقْطَعَنَّ شَجَرًا مُثْمِرًا وَلَا تُخَرِّبَنَّ عَامِرًا وَلَا تَعْقِرَنَّ شَاةً وَلَا بَعِيرًا إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلَةٍ وَلَا تَحْرِقَنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تُغَرِّقَنَّهُ وَلَا تَغْلُلْ وَلَا تَجْبُنْ وَرُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ كَمَا مَضَى فِي مَسْأَلَةِ التَّحْرِيقِ 18149 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو سَعِيدِ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ أنبأ رَوْحُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي مَالِكٍ الشَّامِيِّ قَالَ جَهَّزَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ؓ يَزِيدَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بِعْثَةً إِلَى الشَّامِ أَمِيرًا فَمَشَى مَعَهُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِمَعْنَاهُ  

[Machine] Yazeed, O Khalifah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , either you ride or you descend. He said, "I am not descending, nor am I riding. I count these sins for the sake of Allah, O Yazeed. Indeed, you will advance to lands in which you will be given various types of food, so invoke the name of Allah at the beginning and praise Him at the end. And indeed, you will find people who have isolated themselves in these monasteries, so leave them be, for it is not their fault that they have isolated themselves. And you will find people whom Satan has settled upon their heads, meaning the bishops, so strike their necks. Do not kill an elderly person, nor a woman, nor a child, nor destroy any structure, nor cut down a tree, unless it is for a benefit. Do not cripple a camel except for a benefit. Do not burn a palm tree, nor drown it, nor deceive, nor pretend, nor be cowardly, nor be deceitful, so that Allah may know who supports Him and His messengers in the unseen. Indeed, Allah is Powerful, Mighty." [Surah Al-Hadid (57:25)]. I entrust you to Allah and say goodbye to you in peace, then he left.  

يَزِيدُ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِمَّا أَنْ تَرْكَبَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أَنْزِلَ فَقَالَ مَا أَنْتَ بِنَازِلٍ وَمَا أَنَا بِرَاكِبٍ إِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ خُطَايَ هَذِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ يَا يَزِيدُ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَقْدَمُونَ بِلَادًا تُؤْتَوْنَ فِيهَا بِأَصْنَافٍ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَسَمُّوا اللهَ عَلَى أَوَّلِهَا وَاحْمَدُوهُ عَلَى آخِرِهَا وَإِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا قَدْ حَبَسُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي هَذِهِ الصَّوَامِعِ فَاتْرُكُوهُمْ وَمَا حَبَسُوا لَهُ أَنْفُسَهُمْ وَسَتَجِدُونَ أَقْوَامًا قَدِ اتَّخَذَ الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ مَقَاعِدَ يَعْنِي الشَّمَامِسَةَ فَاضْرِبُوا تِلْكَ الْأَعْنَاقَ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا كَبِيرًا هَرِمًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا وَلِيدًا وَلَا تُخْرِبُوا عُمْرَانًا وَلَا تَقْطَعُوا شَجَرَةً إِلَّا لِنَفْعٍ وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ بَهِيمَةً إِلَّا لِنَفْعٍ وَلَا تَحْرِقُنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تُغَرِّقُنَّهُ وَلَا تَغْدِرْ وَلَا تُمَثِّلْ وَلَا تَجْبُنْ وَلَا تَغْلُلْ {وَلِيَعْلَمَ اللهُ مَنْ يَنْصُرُهُ وَرُسُلَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ إِنَّ اللهَ قَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ} [الحديد 25] أَسْتَوْدِعُكَ اللهَ وَأُقْرِئُكَ السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ  

[Machine] "And he said to me, do you know why Abu Bakr made a distinction and ordered the killing of the Shammasah and prohibited the killing of the monks? So I said, I only see it as a means of restraining themselves. He said, yes, but the Shammasah engage in combat and fight without the monks, while the monks’ habit is to not fight. And Allah has said, 'And fight in the way of Allah those who fight you' [Al-Baqarah 190]."  

وَقَالَ لِي هَلْ تَدْرِي لِمَ فَرَّقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِ الشَّمَامِسَةِ وَنَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ الرُّهْبَانِ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَا أُرَاهُ إِلَّا لِحَبْسِ هَؤُلَاءِ أَنْفُسَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَجَلْ وَلَكِنَّ الشَّمَامِسَةَ يَلْقَوْنَ الْقِتَالَ فَيُقَاتِلُونَ دُونَ الرُّهْبَانِ وَإِنَّ الرُّهْبَانَ دَأْبُهُمْ أَنْ لَا يُقَاتِلُوا وَقَدْ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {وَقَاتِلُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ} [البقرة 190]  

[Machine] Indeed, you have departed as a warrior in the path of Allah, and I consider myself as accompanying you in this journey. Then he advised by saying: "Do not kill a child, a woman, an elderly person, a sick person, a monk. Do not cut down fruit-bearing trees, do not destroy buildings, do not slaughter a camel or a cow except for food. Do not drown palm trees and do not burn them."  

إِنَّكَ خَرَجْتَ غَازِيًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَإِنِّي أَحْتَسِبُ فِي مَشْيِي هَذَا مَعَكَ ثُمَّ أَوْصَاهُ فَقَالَ لَا تَقْتُلُوا صَبِيًّا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا وَلَا مَرِيضًا وَلَا رَاهِبًا وَلَا تَقْطَعُوا مُثْمِرًا وَلَا تُخْرِبُوا عَامِرًا وَلَا تَذْبَحُوا بَعِيرًا وَلَا بَقَرَةً إِلَّا لِمَأْكَلٍ وَلَا تُغْرِقُوا نَخْلًا وَلَا تُحْرِقُوهُ  

[Machine] Narrated Anas bin Malik: The Prophet ﷺ said, "March forth in the name of Allah and upon the religion of Allah's Messenger. Do not kill an elderly person, a child, a young child, or a woman. And do not exceed the bounds or withhold the spoils of war. And set things right and do good, for Allah loves those who do good."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ حَسَنِ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْفِزْرِ حَدَّثَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ وَبِاللهِ وَعَلَى مِلَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ لَا تَقْتُلُوا شَيْخًا فَانِيًا وَلَا طِفْلًا وَلَا صَغِيرًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَضُمُّوا غَنَائِمَكُمْ وَأَصْلِحُوا وَأَحْسِنُوا إِنَّ اللهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُحْسِنِينَ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say when sending an army, and in the narration of Ibn Abi Oweis, he said about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that when he sent his armies, he would say, 'Go forth in the name of Allah, fighting for the cause of Allah. Do not be treacherous, deceitful, greedy, or kill children or those in places of worship.' The narration of Al-Misri does not include his statement 'Do not be greedy,' and the rest is similar to it."  

رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ جَيْشًا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ قَالَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا بَعَثَ جُيُوشَهُ قَالَ اخْرُجُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ تُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ مَنْ كَفَرَ بِاللهِ لَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا الْوِلْدَانَ وَلَا أَصْحَابَ الصَّوَامِعِ لَيْسَ فِي رِوَايَةِ الْمِصْرِيِّ قَوْلُهُ وَلَا تَغُلُّوا وَالْبَاقِي مِثْلُهُ  

[Machine] "In the name of Allah, start and mention the hadith which states: do not kill a young child, a woman, an elderly person, or deceive someone's trust. Do not cut down a tree, except for a tree that prevents you from fighting or blocks between you and the polytheists. Do not depict a human or an animal, and do not betray or cheat in this chain of narration, which is weak and has doubts about its evidences, despite the presence of some authentic narrations. And Allah knows best."  

انْطَلِقُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَفِيهِ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا طِفْلًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً وَلَا شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا وَلَا تُغَوِّرُنَّ عَيْنًا وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ شَجَرَةً إِلَّا شَجَرًا يَمْنَعُكُمْ قِتَالًا أَوْ يَحْجِزُ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا بِآدَمِيٍّ وَلَا بَهِيمَةٍ وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تَغُلُّوا فِي هَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ إِرْسَالٌ وَضَعْفٌ وَهُوَ بِشَوَاهِدِهِ مَعَ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْآثَارِ يَقْوَى وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] He accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as a funeral procession for the people of Mu'tah until they reached Thaniyat al-Wada'. He stood there and the people stood around him. He said, "Attack in the name of Allah and fight the enemies of Allah and your enemies in Sham. You will find among them men who are isolated in their hermitages, so do not confront them. And you will also find others who act as devils, with shaved heads. Strike them with swords. Do not kill a woman, a breastfeeding infant, an elderly person, or a young boy. Do not cut down a tree or uproot a palm tree, and do not demolish a house. This is also forbidden and weak."  

خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مُشَيِّعًا لِأَهْلِ مُؤْتَةَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ ثَنِيَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ فَوَقَفَ وَوَقَفُوا حَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ اغْزُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ فَقَاتِلُوا عَدُوَّ اللهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ بِالشَّامِ وَسَتَجِدُونَ فِيهِمْ رِجَالًا فِي الصَّوَامِعِ مُعْتَزِلِينَ مِنَ النَّاسِ فَلَا تَعَرَّضُوا لَهُمْ وَسَتَجِدُونَ آخَرِينَ لِلشَّيْطَانِ فِي رُءُوسِهِمْ مَفَاحِصُ فَافْلِقُوهَا بِالسُّيُوفِ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا امْرَأَةً وَلَا صَغِيرًا ضَرَعًا وَلَا كَبِيرًا فَانِيًا وَلَا تَقْطَعُنَّ شَجَرَةً وَلَا تَعْقِرُنَّ نَخْلًا وَلَا تَهْدِمُوا بَيْتًا وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُنْقَطِعٌ وَضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] "He informed him that he had gone out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a battle that Khalid bin Al-Walid led. Then Rabaah and the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by a dead woman who had been hit by the front of the army, so they stopped and looked at her, amazed by her beauty, until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ caught up with them on his camel. He said, 'Release the woman.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped by her and said, 'Look at her, she was not fighting.' He looked at the faces of the people and said to one of them, 'Indeed, Khalid bin Al-Walid is right, he should not kill offspring or non-combatants.' Al-Bukhari said, 'Rabaah bin Rabee' is the most authentic narrator, and whoever said "reed" is mistaken. Abu 'Isa said, 'This is his narration.'"  

أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا وَخَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ عَلَى مُقَدِّمَتِهِ فَمَرَّ رَبَاحٌ وَأَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مَقْتُولَةٍ مِمَّا أَصَابَتْهُ الْمُقَدِّمَةُ فَوَقَفُوا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهَا وَيَتَعَجَّبُونَ مِنْ خَلْقِهَا حَتَّى لَحِقَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ قَالَ فَفَرَّجُوا عَنِ الْمَرْأَةِ فَوَقَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ هَا مَا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ تُقَاتَلُ قَالَ ثُمَّ نَظَرَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ فَقَالَ لِأَحَدِهِمْ الْحَقْ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فَلَا يَقْتُلَنَّ ذُرِّيَّةً وَلَا عَسِيفًا قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ رَبَاحُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ أَصَحُّ وَمَنْ قَالَ رِيَاحٌ فَهُوَ وَهِمٌ كَذَا قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the killing of Wasfa' and Asfa'.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ قَتْلِ الْوَصْفَاءِ وَالْعَسْفَاءِ  

[Machine] They prepare war for you.  

أَنْ يَنْصِبُوا لَكُمُ الْحَرْبَ  

[Machine] They did not kill the polytheists' merchants.  

كَانُوا لَا يَقْتُلُونَ تُجَّارَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished with Hunayn, he sent Abu 'Amir with the army of 'Utās. He met Duraīd ibn As-Simmah, and Duraīd was killed and Allah caused his companions to be defeated. The hadith continued until he said, about Abu Musa, "So when I returned to the Prophet ﷺ , I entered upon him while he was in a house on a bed made of palm fibers, and there was a mat that had left marks of the bed on the back of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his side. So I informed him of the news and the news of Abu 'Amir, and the hadith continued."  

لَمَّا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ حُنَيْنٍ بَعَثَ أَبَا عَامِرٍ عَلَى جَيْشِ أَوْطَاسٍ فَلَقِيَ دُرَيْدَ بْنَ الصِّمَّةِ فَقُتِلَ دُرَيْدٌ وَهَزَمَ اللهُ أَصْحَابَهُ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتٍ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ مُرْمَلٍ وَعِنْدَهُ فِرَاشٌ قَدْ أَثَّرَ رِمَالُ السَّرِيرِ بِظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَجَنْبِهِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِخَبَرِي وَخَبَرِ أَبِي عَامِرٍ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] He was in a fight, then suddenly he saw a man, so he approached him. The man turned out to be an elderly person and he was strong. The young boy didn't recognize him, so the elderly man asked, "What do you want?" The boy replied, "I want to kill you." The elderly man asked, "Who are you?" The boy said, "I am Rabee'ah bin Rufai Al-Sulami." Then he struck him with his sword, but it didn't help him. So the elderly man said, "Your mother armed you poorly. Take my sword from the back of the fight, then strike with it and aim high on bones and low on the brain. That's how I used to kill men." And he killed him.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي شِجَارٍ لَهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِرَجُلٍ فَأَنَاخَ بِهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ وَإِذَا هُوَ دُرَيْدٌ وَلَا يَعْرِفُهُ الْغُلَامُ فَقَالَ دُرَيْدٌ مَاذَا تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ قَتْلَكَ قَالَ وَمَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ رَبِيعَةُ بْنُ رُفَيْعٍ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ ضَرَبَهُ بِسَيْفِهِ فَلَمْ يُغْنِ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ دُرَيْدٌ بِئْسَ مَا سَلَّحَتْكَ أُمُّكَ خُذْ سَيْفِي هَذَا مِنْ مُؤَخَّرِ الشِّجَارِ ثُمَّ اضْرِبْ بِهِ وَارْفَعْ عَنِ الْعِظَامِ وَاخْفِضْ عَنِ الدِّمَاغِ فَإِنِّي كَذَلِكَ كُنْتُ أَقْتُلُ الرِّجَالَ فَقَتَلَهُ  

[Machine] Al-Shafi'i was killed by a blind man from the Banu Quraizah after the Asr prayer. This indicates the killing of one who does not fight from among the adult men if he refuses Islam and the jizyah. The sheikh said, "He is al-Zubair bin Batta al-Quradhi, whose story we have mentioned before."  

الشَّافِعِيُّ وَقُتِلَ أَعْمَى مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ بَعْدَ الْإِسَارِ وَهَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى قَتْلِ مَنْ لَا يُقَاتِلُ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ الْبَالِغِينَ إِذَا أَبَى الْإِسْلَامَ وَالْجِزْيَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ بَاطَا الْقُرَظِيُّ قَدْ ذَكَرْنَا قِصَّتَهُ فِيمَا مَضَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Kill the elderly polytheists and attack their vulnerable points." Al-Shafi'i said, "Even if it were permissible to criticize those who harm monks, it is not permissible to kill a captive or a wounded person who has surrendered. The wounded were surrounded by the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , including Abu Jahl ibn Hisham, who was surrounded by Ibn Mas'ud and others."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اقْتُلُوا شُيُوخَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَاسْتَبْقُوا شَرْخَهُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَلَوْ جَازَ أَنْ يُعَابَ قَتْلَ مَنْ عَدَا الرُّهْبَانَ لِمَعْنَى أَنَّهُمْ لَا يُقَاتِلُونَ لَمْ يُقْتَلِ الْأَسِيرُ وَلَا الْجَرِيحُ الْمُثْبَتُ وَقَدْ ذُفِّفَ عَلَى الْجَرْحَى بِحَضْرَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ ذَفَّفَ عَلَيْهِ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَغَيْرُهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Who will go see what Abu Jahl has done?" So Abdullah ibn Mas'ood went and found that he had been beaten by the sons of Afrah. He descended and grabbed him by his beard and said, "Are you Abu Jahl? Have you not killed a man or had his people kill him?"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ مَا صَنَعَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ؟ قَالَ فَانْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ؓ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ ضَرَبَهُ ابْنَا عَفْرَاءَ فَنَزَلَ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ قَالَ أَنْتَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ؟ قَالَ وَهَلْ فَوْقَ رَجُلٍ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ قَتَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ؟  

[Machine] "When it was the day of Badr, I encountered Abu Jahl and he was defeated. I struck him with my sword, but he did not do anything and he dropped his sword. So, I presented him to the Prophet ﷺ on a hot day as if the ground was burning. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, this is the enemy of Allah, Abu Jahl, who has been killed.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'By Allah, he has been killed?' I said, 'By Allah, he has been killed.' He said, 'Then come with us and show him to us.' So, I went and showed him to them. The Prophet ﷺ looked at him and said, 'This man was like Pharaoh of this nation.' This is what 'Amr ibn Maymun narrated, and it is also reported from Abu Ishaq from Abu 'Ubaydah from his father, and that happened some time ago."  

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَهُوَ مَصْرُوعٌ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِسَيْفِي فَمَا صَنَعَ شَيْئًا وَنَدَرَ سَيْفُهُ فَضَرَبْتُهُ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ بِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي يَوْمٍ حَارٍّ كَأَنَّمَا أَقَلَّ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا عَدُوُّ اللهِ أَبُو جَهْلٍ قَدْ قُتِلَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ آللَّهِ لَقَدْ قُتِلَ؟ قُلْتُ آللَّهِ لَقَدْ قُتِلَ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ بِنَا فَأَرِنَاهُ فَجَاءَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا كَانَ فِرْعَوْنَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ كَذَا قَالَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ وَالْمَحْفُوظُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَقَدْ مَضَى ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] He was with his father on the day of Yarmouk, and when the polytheists were defeated and he carried [the wounded], he began to treat their wounds. Al-Shafi'i said, may Allah have mercy on him, and I do not know if it is confirmed from Abu Bakr, contrary to this view. If it were confirmed, it would be similar to them commanding seriously to fight those who fight against them and not be preoccupied with the situation of these [wounded]. The Shaykh said, "And indeed, he said this because the narrations that we mentioned from Abu Bakr, all of them are Marasil (narrations attributed to the Prophet through a series of narrators rather than being directly heard from the Prophet), except that they were narrated from different perspectives and narrated by Ibn Al-Musayyib, who is a good and reliable transmitter. And Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, mentioned in the narration of Abu 'Abd Al-Rahman Al-Baghdadi, in his narration of Al-Muraqqi', then he weakened it by saying that Muraqqi' is not known. And he mentioned the narration of Ayyub from a man from his father, then he said, "And this is like what we mentioned before, it is unknown." As for the narration of Ibrahim ibn Isma'il ibn Abi Habibah, Al-Shafi'i did not mention it, and it is weaker than what has been mentioned due to ignorance, and Allah knows best.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ أَبِيهِ يَوْمَ الْيَرْمُوكِ فَلَمَّا انْهَزَمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ وَحَمَلَ فَجَعَلَ يُجِيزُ عَلَى جَرْحَاهُمْ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ يَثْبُتُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ خِلَافُ هَذَا وَلَوْ كَانَ ثَبَتَ لَكَانَ يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِالْجِدِّ عَلَى قِتَالِ مَنْ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ وَلَا يَتَشَاغَلُوا بِالْمُقَامِ عَلَى مَوْضِعِ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ هَذَا لِأَنَّ الرِّوَايَاتِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ كُلَّهَا مَرَاسِيلُ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا رُوِيَتْ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ وَرَوَاهَا ابْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَهُوَ حَسَنُ الْمُرْسَلِ وَذَكَرَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ عَنْهُ حَدِيثَ الْمُرَقَّعِ ثُمَّ ضَعَّفَهُ بِأَنَّ مُرَقَّعًا لَيْسَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَهَذَا كَالَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِهِ مَجْهُولٌ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَهُوَ أَضْعَفُ مِمَّا رَدَّهُ بِالْجَهَالَةِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: The protection of Muslims is one, to which the lowest among them is entitled. So whoever harms a Muslim, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. His deeds will not be accepted, nor his intercession sought. And whoever takes charge of a believer without permission from his guardians, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. His deeds will not be accepted, nor his intercession sought.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ يَسْعَى بِهَا أَدْنَاهُمْ فَمَنْ أَخْفَرَ مُسْلِمًا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ عَدْلٌ وَلَا صَرْفٌ وَمَنْ وَالَى مُؤْمِنًا بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِ مَوَالِيهِ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ عَدْلٌ وَلَا صَرْفٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "He will grant protection to the least of my ummah."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ يُجِيرُ عَلَى أُمَّتِي أَدْنَاهُمْ  

[Machine] So a servant wrote a trusted document for the polytheists and threw it at them. They came and said, "You have guaranteed us." The servant replied, "We did not guarantee you, it was only a servant who guaranteed you." So they wrote in it to Umar ibn Al-Khattab. Then Umar ibn Al-Khattab wrote, "Indeed, the servant belongs to the Muslims and his guarantee is their guarantee and he has secured them."  

فَكَتَبَ عَبْدٌ فِي سَهْمٍ أَمَانًا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ فَرَمَاهُمْ بِهِ فَجَاءُوا فَقَالُوا قَدْ أَمَّنْتُمُونَا قَالُوا لَمْ نُؤَمِّنْكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَمَّنَكُمْ عَبْدٌ فَكَتَبُوا فِيهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَذِمَّتُهُ ذِمَّتُهُمْ وَأَمَّنَهُمْ  

[Machine] A man from India came to a Muslim with safety, then another man from Muslims killed him. Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz sent his blood money to his heirs. It was narrated in the hadith of the family members.  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْهِنْدِ قَدِمَ بِأَمَانِ عَبْدٍ ثُمَّ قَتَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَبَعَثَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بِدِيَتِهِ إِلَى وَرَثَتِهِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ