[Machine] About the minor and the adult, the free and the slave: if they give a saa' (a measure) of food, it is accepted from them. And if they give a gift, it is accepted from them. And if they give raisins, it is accepted from them. And if they give salt, it is accepted from them. He said and I consider it, he said, and if they give flour, it is accepted from them. And if they give barley, it is accepted from them. And this is also a narration from Muhammad bin Seereen, who did not hear anything from Ibn Abbas except that it coincides with the narration of Abu Raja Al-Atardi, who is disconnected from Ibn Abbas. So it is more likely to be correct. And the narrator did not doubt it and there is no supporting witness for it, so it should not be relied upon. Allah knows best.  

عَنِ الصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ وَالْحُرِّ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَمَنْ أَدَّى بُرًّا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى شَعِيرًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى زَبِيبًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى سلْتًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَأَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ وَمَنْ أَدَّى دَقِيقًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى سَوِيقًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُرْسَلٌ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يُوَافِقُ حَدِيثَ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيُّ الْمَوْصُولَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَهُوَ أَوْلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ صَحِيحًا وَمَا شَكَّ فِيهِ الرَّاوِي وَلَا شَاهِدَ لَهُ فَلَا اعْتِدَادَ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] He obligated the payment of Zakat al-Fitr in a specific measure of wheat. Ash-Shafi'i said that the hadith of "muddayin" (specific measure) is a mistake, and the scholar said that it is as he said, and the established reports indicate that the measure of a "muddayin" was after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. It was narrated that it is permissible to give half a saa' of barley as Sadaqat al-Fitr from Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Uthman ibn Affan, Jabir ibn Abdullah, and Abu Hurairah. And in one of the two narrations, it was narrated from Ali and Ibn Abbas. Ibn al-Mundhir said that this is not confirmed from Abu Bakr and Uthman. The scholar said that it is disconnected from Abu Bakr and connected to Uthman, and Allah knows best. And there are reports that came from the Prophet ﷺ regarding a saa' of barley, and reports that came regarding half a saa', and none of that is correct. I have explained the reasons for each of them in detail in Al-Khilafiyat (the disagreements). And it was narrated in the hadith of Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri and in the confirmed hadith from Ibn Umar that the t'adil (specific measure) of a muddayin is half a saa' of barley per saa' of barley, and it occurred after the Prophet ﷺ. And with Allah is the facilitation.  

فَرَضَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ حَدِيثُ مُدَّيْنِ خَطَأٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ فَالْأَخْبَارُ الثَّابِتَةُ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ التَّعْدِيلَ بِمُدَّيْنِ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَرُوِّينَا فِي جَوَازِ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَفِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لَا يَثْبُتُ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُثْمَانَ ؓ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ مَوْصُولٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ وَرَدَتْ أَخْبَارٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَوَرَدَتْ أَخْبَارٌ فِي نِصْفِ صَاعٍ وَلَا يَصِحُّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَدْ بَيَّنْتُ عِلَّةَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهَا فِي الْخِلَافِيَّاتِ وَرُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ تَعْدِيلَ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَهُوَ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَقَعَ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ  

[Machine] They said that they used to give Zakat al-Fitr during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the amount of the food of the people of the household or the amount of the food they themselves ate. All the people of Madinah used to do that.  

حَدَّثَتْهُ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يُخْرِجُونَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْمُدِّ الَّذِي يَقْتَاتُ بِهِ أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ أَوِ الصَّاعِ الَّذِي يَقْتَاتُونَ بِهِ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ كُلُّهُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The standard of measurement is the standard of the people of Mecca, and the weight is the weight of the people of Medina."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمِيزَانُ عَلَى مِيزَانِ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَالْمِكْيَالُ مِكْيَالُ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ  

Do these vermin trouble you? He (Ka'b) said: Yes. The Messenger of Allah (way peace be upon him) said: Shave your head and give some quantity of food enough to feed six needy persons (faraq is equal to three sa's), or observe fast for three days or offer sacrifice of a sacrificial animal. Ibn Najih (one of the narrators) said:" Or sacrifice a goat." (Using translation from Muslim 1201e)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَرَّ بِهِ وَهُوَ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مَكَّةَ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ وَهُوَ يُوقِدُ تَحْتَ قِدْرٍ لَهُ وَالْقَمْلُ يَتَهَافَتُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ أَتُؤْذِيكَ هَوَامُّكَ هَذِهِ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَاحْلِقْ رَأْسَكَ وَأَطْعِمْ فَرَقًا بَيْنَ سِتَّةِ مَسَاكِينَ وَالْفَرَقُ ثَلَاثَةُ آصُعٍ أَوْ صُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ أَوِ انْسُكْ نَسِيكَةً وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ أَوِ اذْبَحْ شَاةً  

[Machine] That is not guaranteed.  

لَيْسَ ذَلِكَ بِمَحْفُوظٍ  

[Machine] I heard my father say that Abu Yusuf asked Malik, in the presence of the Commander of the Believers, about the measure of a saa' in terms of ratl. He said, "According to our tradition, a saa' is not measured in ratl." So, Abu Ahmad said, "I heard Husayn ibn Walid say that Abu Yusuf said, 'I went to Madinah and brought together the children of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and I asked them about their saa'. Each of them told me that their fathers narrated from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that this is his saa'. I estimated it and found it to be equal. So, I left the opinion of Abu Hanifa and returned to this."  

سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يَقُولُ سَأَلَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ مَالِكًا عِنْدَ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنْينَ عَنِ الصَّاعِ كَمْ هُوَ رِطْلًا؟ قَالَ السُّنَّةُ عِنْدَنَا أَنَّ الصَّاعَ لَا يُرْطَلُ فَفَحَمَهُ قَالَ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ سَمِعْتُ الْحُسَيْنَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ فَقَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَجَمَعْنَا أَبْنَاءَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَدَعَوْتُ بِصَاعَاتِهِمْ فَكُلٌّ حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ آبَائِهِمْ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ هَذَا صَاعُهُ فَقَدَّرْتُهَا فَوَجَدْتُهَا مُسْتَوِيَةً فَتَرَكْتُ قَوْلَ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ وَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى هَذَا  

[Machine] To open a doorway of knowledge to you, I searched for it. I went to the city and asked about the saa' (a unit of measurement). They said, "Our saa' is the saa' of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." I asked them, "What is your evidence for that?" They said, "We will bring you evidence tomorrow." So, when the morning came, around fifty sheikhs from the descendants of the Muhajireen and the Ansar came to me, each one of them carrying a saa' under his cloak. Each one of them would inform about his father or his household that this is the saa' of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I looked, and it was exactly the same. He said, "So I accepted it." Then, I abandoned the statement of Abu Hanifa regarding the saa' and I adopted the statement of the people of Madinah. Al-Husayn said, "I argued from that year." Then, I met Malik bin Anas and asked him about the saa', and he said, "Our saa' is the saa' of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." I asked him, "How many ratls is it?" He said, "The weight cannot be measured by ratls. This is it." Al-Husayn said, "Then, I met Abdullah bin Zaid bin Aslam, and he said, 'My father informed me on the authority of my grandfather that this is the saa' of Umar.'"  

أَنْ أَفْتَحَ عَلَيْكُمْ بَابًا مِنَ الْعِلْمِ هَمَّنِي تَفَحَّصْتُ عَنْهُ فَقَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنِ الصَّاعِ فَقَالُوا صَاعُنَا هَذَا صَاعُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ مَا حُجَّتُكُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالُوا نَأْتِيكَ بِالْحُجَّةِ غَدًا فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْتُ أَتَانِي نَحْوٌ مِنْ خَمْسِينَ شَيْخًا مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ مَعَ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمُ الصَّاعُ تَحْتَ رِدَائِهِ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ يُخْبِرُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَوْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ أَنَّ هَذَا صَاعُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا هِيَ سَوَاءٌ قَالَ فَعَايَرْتُهُ فَإِذَا هُوَ خَمْسَةُ أَرْطَالٍ وَثُلُثٌ بِنُقْصَانٍ مَعَهُ يَسِيرٍ فَرَأَيْتُ أَمْرًا قَوِيًّا فَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ قَوْلَ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ فِي الصَّاعِ وَأَخَذْتُ بِقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَحَجَجْتُ مِنْ عَامِي ذَلِكَ فَلَقِيتُ مَالِكَ بْنَ أَنَسٍ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الصَّاعِ فَقَالَ صَاعُنَا هَذَا صَاعُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ كَمْ رِطْلًا هُوَ؟ قَالَ إِنَّ الْمِكْيَالَ لَا يُرْطَلُ هُوَ هَذَا قَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ فَلَقِيتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي عَنْ جَدِّي أَنَّ هَذَا صَاعُ عُمَرَ ؓ  

[Machine] About the measure of the Prophet, ﷺ , he brought to me an old, worn-out measure and said, "This is the measure of the Prophet, ﷺ , with his own eyes." I examined it and it was five and a third pounds.  

عَنْ صَاعِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْرَجَ إِلَيَّ صَاعًا عَتِيقًا بَالِيًا فَقَالَ هَذَا صَاعُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِعَيْنِهِ فَعَيَّرْتُهُ فَكَانَ خَمْسَةَ أَرْطَالٍ وَثُلُثًا  

[Machine] I heard Muhammad ibn Yahya al-Dhuhli say, "I borrowed a measurement of Ismail ibn Abi Uwais, which was a sa'a (a unit of measurement) of Malik ibn Anas, and I found written on it 'the sa'a of Malik ibn Anas, which is equivalent to the sa'a of the Prophet ﷺ.' And I do not think that I only borrowed it for weighing lentils, but I found it to be five aratils and a third."  

سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى يَعْنِي الذُّهْلِيَّ يَقُولُ اسْتَعَرْتُ مِنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ صَاعَ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ فَوَجَدْتُ عَلَيْهِ مَكْتُوبًا صَاعُ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ مُعَيَّرٌ عَلَى صَاعِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَا أَحْسَبُنِي إِلَّا عَيَّرْتُهُ بِالْعَدَسِ فَوَجَدْتُهُ خَمْسَةَ أَرْطَالٍ وَثُلُثًا  

[Machine] O Messenger of Allah, our Sa' is smaller than other measures, and our Mud is smaller than other provisions. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Allah, bless our Sa' and Mud, and our small and large amounts. Grant us two blessings along with the blessings (barakah) of food. O Allah, Ibrahim, Your servant and Your Khalil, called upon You for the people of Makkah, and indeed, I, Your servant and Your Messenger, call upon You for the people of Madinah with the same invocation with which Ibrahim called upon You for the people of Makkah."  

ﷺ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ صَاعَنَا أَصْغَرُ الصِّيعَانِ وَمُدَّنَا أَصْغَرُ الْأَمْدَادِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَنَا فِي صَاعِنَا وَمُدِّنَا وَقَلِيلِنَا وَكَثِيرِنَا وَاجْعَلْ لَنَا مَعَ الْبَرَكَةِ بَرَكَتَيْنِ اللهُمَّ إَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَبْدَكَ وَخَلِيلَكَ دَعَاكَ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَإِنِّي عَبْدُكَ وَرَسُولُكَ أَدْعُوكَ لِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ بِمِثْلِ مَا دَعَاكَ بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ لِأَهْلِ مَكَّةَ وَالَّذِي  

[Machine] I heard Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri saying, "I never used to give an amount greater than a sa'a (measurement) as charity. During the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , we used to give a sa'a of dates, barley, wheat, or raisins." This hadith was narrated by Yahya and Sufyan ibn Uyaynah added to it, saying, "or a sa'a of flour." Hameed stated that they disputed with him about it, so Sufyan left it. Abu Dawood said, "This addition is a misconception from Ibn Uyaynah." The sheikh said...  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ يَقُولُ لَا أُخْرِجُ أَبَدًا إِلَّا صَاعًا إِنَّا كُنَّا نُخْرِجُ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَاعَ تَمْرٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ أَقِطٍ أَوْ زَبِيبٍ هَذَا حَدِيثُ يَحْيَى زَادَ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فِيهِ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ دَقِيقٍ قَالَ حَامِدٌ فَأَنْكَرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَتَرَكَهُ سُفْيَانُ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فَهَذِهِ الزِّيَادَةُ وَهْمٌ مِنَ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded loudly that it is obligatory for every Muslim, young or old, male or female, free or slave, present or absent, to give Zakat al-Fitr, which is a measure of wheat or dates. Muhammad bin Makhlad narrated it from Hamdan, who added to it a measure of barley. Al-Kudaymi also narrated it from Dawud bin Shabib. This is a hadith that Yahya bin Abbad narrated from Ibn Jurayj uniquely in this manner, and indeed this is the complete hadith.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ صَارِخًا بِبَطْنِ مَكَّةَ يُنَادِي أَنَّ صَدَقَةَ الْفِطْرِ حَقٌّ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى حُرٍّ وَمَمْلُوكٍ حَاضِرٍ أَوْ بَادٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ تَمْرٍ وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ عَنْ حَمْدَانَ فَزَادَ فِيهِ مُدَّانِ مِنْ قَمْحٍ وَقَالَهُ الْكُدَيْمِيُّ أَيْضًا عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ شَبِيبٍ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ يَنْفَرِدُ بِهِ يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ هَكَذَا وَإِنَّمَا  

[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ loudly commanded, shouting at every Muslim and he mentioned him saying, 'Ata' reported to us, he said, 'A person is equal to one mud (a measure for grain) of wheat, one sa' (a measure for dates) of dates, or one handful of barley. And the slave is equal in that.'"  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَ صَارِخًا يَصْرُخُ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ وَذَكَرَهُ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ قَمْحٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ الْحُرُّ وَالْعَبْدُ فِيهِ سَوَاءٌ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The Zakat al-Fitr is obligatory upon every free Muslim, whether they are present or travelling." This hadith was narrated by Ibrahim ibn Mahdi, who heard it from Al-Mu'tamir. The hadith has a long chain of narration, and it was also narrated by Salim ibn Nuh, who heard it from Ibn Jurayj, who heard it from Amr, who heard it from his father, who heard it from his grandfather, all the way up to the Prophet ﷺ . However, the mention of "whether they are present or travelling" was not mentioned in this narration. Abu 'Isa at-Tirmidhi said: "I asked Muhammad, meaning Bukhari, about this hadith, and he said that Ibn Jurayj did not hear it from Amr bin Shu'ayb."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ زَكَاةُ الْفِطْرِ عَلَى الْحَاضِرِ وَالْبَادِي وَرَوَاهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ عَنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ وَرَوَاهُ سَالِمُ بْنُ نُوحٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَرْفُوعًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْحَاضِرَ وَالْبَادِيَ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى التِّرْمِذِيُّ سَأَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا يَعْنِي الْبُخَارِيَّ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ  

[Machine] We used to give the zakat al-fitr during the time of the Prophet ﷺ as a saa' of food, or a saa' of barley, or a saa' of dates, or a saa' of raisins. Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Abdan informed us that Ahmad ibn Ubaid narrated to us, from Tumtam, from Abu Hudhaifa, from Sufyan, who mentioned it with his chain of narrators, except that he said: "We used to give during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a saa' of food, a saa' of dates, a saa' of barley, a saa' of raisins, and a saa' of wheat."  

كُنَّا نُعْطِي زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ زَمَنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ أَقِطٍ 7730 أَخْبَرَنَاهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ أنبأ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ ثنا تَمْتَامٌ ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنَّا نُعْطِي عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ صَاعًا مِنْ زَبِيبٍ صَاعًا مِنْ أَقِطٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ مُعَاوِيَةُ وَجَاءَتِ السَّمْرَاءُ عَدَلَهُ النَّاسُ بِمُدَّيْنِ حِنْطَةٍ  

[Machine] Some men from the desert came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, we are people with wealth, is it permissible for us to be exempt from paying Zakat al-Fitr?" He said, "No, you must pay it on behalf of the young and old, males and females, free people and slaves, one Sa' of dates or one Sa' of raisins or one Sa' of barley or one Sa' of wheat."  

جَاءَ رِجَالٌ مِنَ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا أُولُو أَمْوَالٍ فَهَلْ يَجُوزُ عَنَّا مِنْ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ؟ قَالَ لَا فَأَدُّوهَا عَنِ الصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ وَالذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى وَالْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدِ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ زَبِيبٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ أَقِطٍ  

[Machine] A measure of milk.  

صَاعٌ مِنْ لَبَنٍ  

[Machine] I heard Ziyad bin al-Harith al-Suda'i, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, narrating that he said: I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he mentioned a hadith until he said: Then another person came to him and said: O Prophet of Allah, give me. The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said: Whoever asks people for their surplus wealth, he will have a headache and a disease in his stomach. The asker said: Give me something from charity. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: Verily, Allah is not pleased with decisions made by a Prophet or anyone else regarding charity, until He Himself makes a decision about it by dividing it into eight parts. If you are among those eight parts, then I will give you your right.  

سَمِعْتُ زِيَادَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ الصُّدَائِيَّ صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ آخَرُ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ أَعْطِنِي فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ سَأَلَ النَّاسَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى فَصُدَاعٌ فِي الرَّأْسِ وَدَاءٌ فِي الْبَطْنِ فَقَالَ السَّائِلُ فَأَعْطِنِي مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ لَمْ يَرْضَ فِيهَا بِحُكْمِ نَبِيٍّ وَلَا غَيْرِهِ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ حَتَّى حَكَمَ هُوَ فِيهَا فَجَزَّأَهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَجْزَاءٍ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْأَجْزَاءِ أَعْطَيْتُكَ أَوْ أَعْطَيْنَاكَ حَقَّكَ  

"Giving charity to a poor person is charity, and (giving) to a relative is two things, charity and upholding the ties of kinship." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2582)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ صَدَقَتَكَ عَلَى الْمِسْكِينِ صَدَقَةٌ وَإِنَّهَا عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ اثْنَتَانِ صَدَقَةٌ وَصِلَةٌ  

the Messenger of Allah said: “Charity given to the poor is charity, and that given to a relative is two things: charity and upholding the ties of kinship.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1844)   

الصَّدَقَةُ عَلَى الْمِسْكِينِ صَدَقَةٌ وَهِيَ عَلَى ذِي الرَّحِمِ اثْنَتَانِ صَدَقَةٌ وَصِلَةٌ  

[Machine] From a group...  

عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered the payment of Zakat al-Fitr before the people go out for prayer. This is the wording of the hadith of Abu Khaythama.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِزَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ أَنْ تُؤَدَّى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي خَيْثَمَةَ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered the giving of Zakat al-Fitr to be paid before the people go out for prayer, and Abdullah used to pay it a day or two before that.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِإِخْرَاجِ زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ أَنْ تُؤَدَّى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَأَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ كَانَ يُؤَدِّيهَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to give Zakat al-Fitr on behalf of every young and old person, free or slave, a sa' (measurement) of dates or barley. He used to receive from them raisins and dried dates, and they would accept them from him. We were commanded to give it before going to the prayer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered them to distribute it among themselves and said, "Let it suffice them from the need of this day." Abu Ma'shar, the Sindhi Al-Madinah, is more trustworthy than [others], and the hadith of Ibn Abbas has been mentioned before.  

أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ نُخْرِجَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ كُلِّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ وَحُرٍّ وَمَمْلُوكٍ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ شَعِيرٍ قَالَ وَكَانَ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْهِمْ بِالزَّبِيبِ وَالْأَقِطِ فَيَقْبَلُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ وَكُنَّا نُؤْمَرُ أَنْ نُخْرِجَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ نَخْرُجَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقَسِّمُوهُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَيَقُولُ اغْنُوهُمْ عَنْ طَوَافِ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ هَذَا نَجِيحٌ السِّنْدِيُّ الْمَدِينِيُّ غَيْرُهُ أَوْثَقُ مِنْهُ وَحَدِيثُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي هَذَا الْبَابِ وَقَدْ مَضَى ذِكْرُهُ  

[Machine] "Your father, our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers." [Al-A'raf 23]

And say as Nuh (Noah) said: "My Lord, if You do not forgive me and have mercy upon me, I will be among the losers." [Hud 47]

And say as Ibrahim (Abraham) said: "And [Ibrahim] said, 'My Lord, indeed I have wronged myself, so forgive me,' and He forgave him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful." [Ash-Shu'ara' 82]

And say as Musa (Moses) said: "My Lord, indeed I have wronged myself, so forgive me," and He forgave him. Indeed, He is the Forgiving, the Merciful." [Al-Qasas 16]

And say as Dhul-Nun (Jonah) said: "There is no deity except You; exalted are You. Indeed, I have been of the wrongdoers." [Al-Anbiya 87]

And I consider it obligatory for one who does not have something to give in charity to fast, hoping for Allah's reward. And Allah knows best after the Eid."  

أَبُوكُمْ {رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا وَإِنْ لَمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ} [الأعراف 23] وَقُولُوا كَمَا قَالَ نُوحٌ {وَإِلَّا تَغْفِرْ لِي وَتَرْحَمْنِي أَكُنْ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ} [هود 47] وَقُولُوا كَمَا قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ {وَالَّذِي أَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لِي خَطِيئَتِي يَوْمَ الدِّينِ} [الشعراء 82] وَقُولُوا كَمَا قَالَ مُوسَى {رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِرْ لِي فَغَفَرَ لَهُ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ} [القصص 16] وَقُولُوا كَمَا قَالَ ذُو النُّونِ {لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ سُبْحَانَكَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ مِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ} [الأنبياء 87] وَأْرَاهُ كَتَبَ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُ مَا يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ فَلْيَصُمْ يُرِيدُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ بَعْدَ الْعِيدِ  

While we were in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the early hours of the morning, some people came there (who) were barefooted, naked, wearing striped woollen clothes, or cloaks, with their swords hung (around their necks). Most of them, nay, all of them, belonged to the tribe of Mudar. The colour of the face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ underwent a change when he saw them in poverty. He then entered (his house) and came out and commanded Bilal (to pronounce Adhan). He pronounced Adhan and Iqima, and he (the Holy Prophet) observed prayer (along with his Companion) and then addressed (them reciting verses of the Holy Qur'an): '" 0 people, fear your Lord, Who created you from a single being" to the end of the verse," Allah is ever a Watcher over you" (iv. 1). (He then recited) a verse of Sura Hashr:" Fear Allah. and let every soul consider that which it sends forth for the morrow and fear Allah" (lix. 18). (Then the audience began to vie with one another in giving charity.) Some donated a dinar, others a dirham, still others clothes, some donated a sa' of wheat, some a sa' of dates; till he (the Holy Prophet) said: (Bring) even if it is half a date. Then a person from among the Ansar came there with a money bag which his hands could scarcely lift; in fact, they could not (lift). Then the people followed continuously, till I saw two heaps of eatables and clothes, and I saw the face of the Messenger ﷺ glistening, like gold (on account of joy). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: He who sets a good precedent in Islam, there is a reward for him for this (act of goodness) and reward of that also who acted according to it subsequently, without any deduction from their rewards; and he who sets in Islam an evil precedent, there is upon him the burden of that, and the burden of him also who acted upon it subsequently, without any deduction from their burden. (Using translation from Muslim 1017a)   

كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ جُلُوسًا فِي صَدْرِ النَّهَارِ فَجَاءَ قَوْمٌ حُفَاةٌ عُرَاةٌ مُجْتَابِي النِّمَارِ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَبَاءُ أَوْ قَالَ مُتَقَلِّدِي السُّيُوفِ عَامَّتُهُمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ بَلْ كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ فَرَأَيْتُ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَغَيَّرُ لِمَا يَرَى بِهِمْ مِنَ الْفَاقَةِ فَدَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَأَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَأَقَامَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ فَخَطَبَ ثُمَّ قَالَ { يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ } [النساء 1] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ { يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَلْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَّا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍ } [الحشر 18] الْآيَةَ تَصَدَّقَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ دِينَارِهِ مِنْ دِرْهَمِهِ مِنْ ثَوْبِهِ مِنْ صَاعِ بُرِّهِ مِنْ صَاعِ تَمْرِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِصُرَّةٍ قَدْ كَادَتْ كَفُّهُ أَنْ تَعْجِزُ عَنْهَا بَلْ قَدْ عَجَزَتْ عَنْهَا فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَتَتَابَعَ النَّاسُ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ فَرَأَيْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَوْمَيْنِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَثِيَابٍ وَجَعَلَ وَجْهُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَهَلَّلُ كَأَنَّهُ مُذْهَبَةٌ وَقَالَ مَنْ سَنَّ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةً فَلَهُ أَجْرُهَا وَأَجْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُنْتَقَصَ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ سَنَّ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ سُنَةً سَيِّئَةً كَانَ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرُهَا وَوِزْرُ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ يُنْتَقَصَ مِنْ أَوْزَارِهِمْ شَيْءٌ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي دَاوُدَ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ وَحَدِيثُ النَّضْرِ بِمَعْنَاهُ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ النَّضْرُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَبَاءُ  

[Machine] I was sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when a group of people came to him. They were wearing striped garments and carrying swords. They didn't have any covering except for that. They were all from the tribe of Mudar, and they were in a distressed state. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw the signs of fatigue, poverty, and hunger on them, his face changed and he got up and entered his house. Then he went to the mosque and prayed the Dhuhr prayer. Then he ascended a small minbar and praised and thanked Allah ﷻ. He then recited the verses from the Quran starting from "O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul..." [Quran 4:1] until "Be mindful of Allah and let every soul consider what it has sent forth for tomorrow..." [Quran 59:18] then continued until "they are the successful ones" [Quran 59:20]. He advised them to give charity before a time comes when they won't be able to give charity. He said, "Let one of you give in charity from his dinar, or his dirham, or his wheat, or his dates." He emphasized that no one should belittle any amount of charity, even if it is just half a date. Then a man from the Ansar stood up with a bundle in his hand, and handed it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was still on the minbar. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ accepted it with joy on his face and said, "Whoever starts a good tradition in Islam which is followed, he will receive its reward and the reward of those who practice it without their reward being decreased. And whoever starts an evil tradition in Islam which is followed, he will receive its sin and the sin of those who practice it without their sins being decreased." Then the people got up and disbursed, and he distributed the charity among them.  

كُنْتُ جَالِسًا عَندَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَتَاهُ قَوْمٌ مُجْتَابِي النِّمَارِ مُتَقَلِّدِي السُّيُوفِ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِمْ آزُرٌ وَلَا شَيْءَ غَيْرَهَا عَامَّتُهُمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ بَلْ كُلُّهُمْ مِنْ مُضَرَ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الَّذِي بِهِمْ مِنَ الْجَهْدِ وَالْعُرَى وَالْجُوعِ تَغَيَّرَ وَجْهُهُ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَدَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ ثُمَّ رَاحَ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ صَعِدَ مِنْبَرَهُ مِنْبَرًا صَغِيرًا فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَنْزَلَ فِي كِتَابِهِ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ} [النساء 1] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {رَقِيبًا} [النساء 1] {اتَّقُوا اللهَ وَلْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَّا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍ} [الحشر 18] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ} [الحشر 20] تَصَدَّقُوا قَبَلَ أَنْ لَا تَصَدَّقُوا تَصَدَّقُوا قَبَلَ أَنْ يُحَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ الصَّدَقَةِ تَصَدَّقَ امْرُؤٌ مِنْ دِينَارِهِ مِنْ دِرْهَمِهِ مِنْ بُرِّهِ مِنْ شَعِيرِهِ وَلَا يَحْقِرَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَيْئًا مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بِصُرَّةٍ فِي كَفِّهِ فَنَاوَلَهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِهِ فَقَبَضَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْرَفُ السُّرُورُ فِي وَجْهِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ مَنْ سَنَّ سُنَّةً حَسَنَةً فَعَمِلَ بِهَا كَانَ لَهُ أَجْرُهَا وَمِثْلُ أَجْرِ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أُجُورِهِمْ شَيْءٌ وَمَنْ سَنَّ سُنَّةً سَيِّئَةً فَعَمِلَ بِهَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرُهَا وَمِثْلُ وِزْرِ مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهَا لَا يَنْقُصُ مِنْ أَوْزَارِهِمْ شَيْءٌ فَقَامَ النَّاسُ فَتَفَرَّقُوا فَمِنْ ذِي دِينَارٍ وَمِنْ ذِي دِرْهَمٍ وَمِنْ ذِي وَمِنْ ذِي قَالَ فَاجْتَمَعَ فَقَسَمَهُ بَيْنَهُمْ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Save yourselves from the Hellfire, even if it is by giving half a date in charity."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is none of you but that his Lord will speak to him without any barrier between them, nor an interpreter. He will look to his right and will not see anything except what he has put forth, and he will look to his left and will not see anything except what he has put forth. He will look in front of him and will see nothing but the Fire, so guard yourselves against the Fire even with half of a date."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا سَيُكَلِّمُهُ رَبُّهُ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ حَاجِبٌ وَلَا تُرْجُمَانٌ فَيَنْظُرُ أَيْمَنَ مِنْهُ فَلَا يَرَى شَيْئًا إِلَّا شَيْئًا قَدَّمَهُ وَيَنْظُرُ أَشْأَمَ مِنْهُ فَلَا يَرَى إِلَّا شَيْئًا قَدَّمَهُ وَيَنْظُرُ أَمَامَهُ فَلَا يَرَى إِلَّا النَّارَ فَاتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ mentioned the fire, so he sought refuge from it and turned his face away. Then he mentioned it again and sought refuge from it and turned his face away. Shu'bah said: "Regarding the two times, there is no doubt. Then he said: 'Beware of the fire, even with half a date. And if you cannot find that, then with a good word.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ذَكَرَ النَّارَ فَتَعَوَّذَ مِنْهَا وَأَشَاحَ بِوَجْهِهِ وَذَكَرَ فَتَعَوَّذَ مِنْهَا وَأَشَاحَ بِوَجْهِهِ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ أَمَّا مَرَّتَيْنِ فَلَا شَكَّ ثُمَّ قَالَ اتَّقُوا النَّارَ وَلَوْ بِشِقِّ تَمْرَةٍ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَجِدُوا فَبِكَلِمَةٍ طَيِّبَةٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever gives in charity a date from lawful earnings and does not raise it up to Allah unless it is good, then Allah accepts it with His right hand and grows it for its owner, just as one of you raises his young animal until it becomes like the size of a mountain."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ تَصَدَّقَ بِعَدْلِ تَمْرَةٍ مِنْ كَسْبٍ طَيِّبٍ وَلَا يَصْعَدُ إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ إِلَّا طَيِّبٌ فَإِنَّ اللهَ يَقْبَلُهَا بِيَمِينِهِ فَيُرَبِّيهَا لِصَاحِبِهَا كَمَا يُرَبِّي أَحَدُكُمْ فَلُوَّهُ حتَّى تَكُونَ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say: O Muslim women, do not belittle your neighbor's act, even if it is just giving her a hoof or a sheep.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ يَا نِسَاءَ الْمُسْلِمَاتِ لَا تَحْقِرَنَّ جَارَةٌ لِجَارَتِهَا وَلَوْ فِرْسِنَ شَاةٍ  

[Machine] About this, the verse "Those who defame the voluntary givers among the believers in regards to their charities" [Al-Tawbah 79] was revealed as "a painful punishment" [Al-Tawbah 79]. This is the wording of the hadith of Abu Salih, and in the narration of Abu Bakr, it is mentioned that Abu Mas'ud Al-Badri said: "We used to tease each other, then a man would come with a great charity".  

عَنْ هَذَا فَنَزَلَتْ {الَّذِينَ يَلْمِزُونَ الْمُطَّوِّعِينَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ} [التوبة 79] إِلَى {عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ} [التوبة 79] لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَ عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيِّ قَالَ كُنَّا نَتَحَامَلُ فَيَجِيءُ الرَّجُلُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ الْعَظِيمَةِ  

"Respond to the one who asks even with a sheep's foot." According to the narration of Harun: "With a sheep's burned foot." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2565)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ رُدُّوا السَّائِلَ وَلَوْ بِظِلْفٍ مُحْرَقٍ  

[Machine] Abdul Rahman, one of the Bani Harithah, narrated that his grandmother, Umm Bujayd, who was one of those who pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , told him: "O Messenger of Allah, I swear by Allah, the poor stand at my door and I cannot find anything to give them." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to her: "If you cannot find anything to give them except a burnt hoof, then give it to them." And Sa'id bin Sulaiman narrated from Al-Laith from Abdul Rahman bin Bujayd.  

عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ أَحَدِ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ حدَّثَتْهُ جَدَّتُهُ وَهِيَ أُمُّ بُجَيْدٍ وَكَانَتْ مِمَنْ بَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاللهِ إِنَّ الْمِسْكِينَ لَيَقُومُ عَلَى بَابِي فَمَا أَجِدُ لَهُ شَيْئًا أُعْطِيهِ إِيَّاهُ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنْ لَمْ تَجِدِي شَيْئًا تُعْطِيهِ إِيَّاهُ إِلَّا ظِلْفًا مُحْرَقًا فَادْفَعِيهِ إِلَيْهِ وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنِ اللَّيْثِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ بُجَيْدٍ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "Every person will be in the shade of his charity until the matter is settled between people, or until judgments are made between people." Yazid said, "Abu Al-Khair never missed a day without giving something in charity, even if it was a small amount or a little bit of onion."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ فِي ظِلِّ صَدَقَتِهِ حَتَّى يُفْصَلَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ أَوْ قَالَ حَتَّى يُحْكَمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ قَالَ يَزِيدُ وَكَانَ أَبُو الْخَيْرِ لَا يُخْطِئُهُ يَوْمٌ لَا يَتَصَدَّقُ فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ وَلَوْ كَعْكَةً وَلَوْ بَصَلَةً  

[Machine] He heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: "The upper hand is better than the lower hand, and let one of you begin with those whom he supports. The best charity is that given by one who has surplus wealth, and the one who stays away from begging, Allah will make him self-sufficient, and the one who seeks self-sufficiency, Allah will make him free from want.” 7753 Abu 'Amr Al-Adibi informed us, Abu Bakr Al-Isma'ili informed me, Ibn Yasin narrated to me, Muhammad bin Sufyan bin Abi Zard Al-Ayli informed us, Wahib narrated to us, from Hisham, from his father, from Hakim bin Hizam, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said...(and he mentioned it like that), except that he said: "And the one who seeks self-sufficiency, Allah will make him free from want." And he did not mention the word "Is'tifaaf" (self-sufficiency). 7754 Wahib narrated to us, from Hisham bin 'Urwah, from his father, from Abu Hurairah, a narration similar to the Hadith of Hakim bin Hizam.  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ الْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى وَلْيَبْدَأْ أَحَدُكُمْ بِمَنْ يعُولُ وَخَيْرُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى وَمَنْ يسْتَعْفِفْ يُعِفَّهُ اللهُ وَمَنِ اسْتَغْنَى أَغْنَاهُ اللهُ 7753 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْأَدِيبُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْإِسْمَاعِيلِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ يَاسِينَ حدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ أَبِي الزَّرْدِ الْأَيْلِيُّ ثنا حَبَّانُ ثنا وُهَيْبٌ عَنْ هِشَامٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ وَمَنْ يسْتَغْنِ يُغْنِهِ اللهُ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ كَلِمَةَ الِاسْتِعْفَافِ 7754 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ هَذَا  

A person from the Banu 'Udhra set a slave free after his death. This news reached the Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon hhn). Upon this he said: Have you any property besides it? He said: No. Upon this he said: Who would buy (this slave) from me? Nulaim b. Abdullah bought it for eight hundred dirhams and (this amount was) brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who returned it to him (the owner), and then said: Start with your own self and spend it on yourself, and if anything is left, it should be spent on your family, and if anything is left (after meeting the needs of the family) it should be spent on relatives, and if anything is left from the family, it should be spent like this, like this. And he was saying: In front of you, on your right and on your left. (Using translation from Muslim 997a)   

عَنْ دُبُرٍ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَلَكَ مَالٌ غَيْرُهُ؟ فَقَالَ لَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنِّي فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْعَدَوِيُّ بِثَمَانِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَجَاءَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْدَأْ بِنَفْسِكَ فَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْهَا فَإِنْ فَضَلَ شَيْءٌ فَلِأَهْلِكَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ عَنْ أَهْلِكَ فَلِذِي قَرَابَتِكَ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ عَنْ ذِي قَرَابَتِكَ فَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا يَقُولُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَعَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَعَنْ شِمَالِكَ  

[Machine] What did the Prophet ﷺ say? He said that a Muslim, when he spends on his family and intends it as an act of charity, it becomes a charity for him.  

أَعَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمَ إِذَا أَنْفَقَ نَفَقَةً عَلَى أَهْلِهِ وَهُوَ يَحْتَسِبُهَا كَانَتْ لَهُ صَدَقَةٌ  

The most excellent dinar is one that a person spends on his family, and the dinar which he spends on his animal in Allah's path, and the dinar he spends on his companions in Allah's path. Abu Qilaba (one of the narrators) said: He (the narrator) started with family, and then Abu Qilaba said: Who is the person with greater reward than a person who spends on young members of his family (and thus) preserves (saves them from want) (and by virtue of which) Allah brings profit for them and makes them rich. (Using translation from Muslim 994)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَفْضَلُ دِينَارٍ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ وَبَدَأَ بِالْعِيَالِ فَأِيُّ رَجُلٍ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى عِيَالٍ صِغَارٍ يَقُوتُهُمُ اللهُ وَيَنْفَعُهُمْ بِهِ  

[Machine] Allah ﷺ said, "Whatever you give them (charity), it is a Sadaqah (i.e. an act of charity)." Umar asked, "Who bears witness with you?" He (Umar) came to Aisha and said, "Who is this?" She said, "It is Umar." He said, "What has brought you here?" He said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Whatever you give them (charity), it is a Sadaqah (i.e. an act of charity)." She said, "Yes, the wording of the Hadith is from Anas bin Malik and the Hadith of Abu Dawud is the most complete, narrated by Hammad bin Abi Hammad and also narrated as Muhammad bin Abi Hammad."  

اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُنَّ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ مَعَكَ؟ فَأَتَى عَائِشَةَ ؓ فَقَامَ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْبَابِ فَقَالَتْ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ عَمْرٌو قَالَتْ مَا جَاءَ بِكَ؟ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُنَّ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ أَنَسِ بْنِ عِيَاضٍ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي دَاوُدَ أَتَمُّ ابْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ حمَّادُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ وَيُقَالُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to give charity. He said, "O women, give in charity even if it is from your jewelry." I used to support Abdullah bin Mas'ud and the orphans in his household. Abdullah had small hands and I said to him, "Go to the Prophet ﷺ and ask him if the charity that I give can be considered as fulfilling my obligation or if it will be counted separately for you." Abdullah replied, "No, you go and ask him yourself." So, I went to him and sat down. I found a woman at the door who also had a request. She had been treated with respect by the Prophet ﷺ. I told her, "Come out with Bilal and ask the Messenger of Allah ﷺ without revealing who we are." Bilal came out and we told him to ask the Prophet ﷺ if the charity given by two women who support their husbands and the orphans in their households would be considered sufficient for them. The Prophet ﷺ asked, "Who are they?" Bilal replied, "Zainab and a woman from the Ansar." The Prophet ﷺ asked, "Which Zainab?" Bilal replied, "The wife of Abdullah bin Mas'ud and a woman from the Ansar." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Yes, they will receive two rewards: the reward for kinship and the reward for charity."  

أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ تَصَدَّقْنَ يَا مَعَاشِرَ النِّسَاءِ وَلَوْ مِنْ حُلِيِّكُنَّ قَالَتْ وَكُنْتُ أَعُولُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ وَيَتَامَى فِي حَجْرِهِ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ خَفِيفَ ذَاتِ الْيَدِ فَقُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ ائْتِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَسَلْهُ أَيَجْزِئُ ذَلِكَ عَنِّي أَوْ أُوَجِّهُهُ عَنْكُمْ تَعْنِي الصَّدَقَةَ فَقَالَ لَا بَلِ ائْتِيهِ أَنْتِ فَسَلِيهِ قَالَتْ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَجَلَسْتُ فَوَجَدْتُ عِنْدَ الْبَابِ امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ حَاجَتُهَا حَاجَتِي وَكَانَتْ قَدْ أُلْقِيَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْمَهَابَةُ قَالَتْ فَخَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا بِلَالٌ فَقُلْنَا سَلْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَا تُخْبِرْهُ مَنْ نَحْنُ فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ امْرَأَتَانِ تَعُولَانِ أَزْوَاجَهُمَا وَيَتَامَى فِي حُجُورِهِمَا هَلْ يَجْزِي ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمَا مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ مَنْ هُمَا قَالَ زَيْنَبُ وَامْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ أِيُّ الزَّيَانِبِ؟ قَالَ امْرَأَةُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَامْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ لَهُمَا أَجْرَانِ أَجْرُ الْقَرَابَةِ وَأَجْرُ الصَّدَقَةِ  

[Machine] I don't like it if you don't have a reward for doing it, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked her about it, and she said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am a woman who has a craft that I sell, and I do not have anything for myself, my children, or my husband, which keeps me occupied so I cannot give charity. Do I have a reward for that?" The Prophet ﷺ said to her, "You will have a reward for whatever you spend on them, so spend on them."  

مَا أُحِبُّ إِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَكِ فِي ذَلِكَ أَجْرٌ أَنْ تَفْعَلِي فَسَأَلَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ هِيَ وَهُوَ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّنِي امْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ صَنْعَةٍ أَبِيعُ مِنْهَا وَلَيْسَ لِي وَلَا لِوَلَدِي وَلَا لِزَوْجِي شَيْءٌ فَشَغَلُونِي فَلَا أَتَصَدَّقُ فَهَلْ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ أَجْرٌ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَكِ فِي ذَلِكَ أَجْرٌ مَا أَنْفَقَتِ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَنْفَقِي عَلَيْهِمْ  

[Machine] "O Messenger of Allah, verily the family of Abu Salama are in my care and they have nothing except what I have spent on them, and I am not leaving them with anything specific. So, do I have a reward if I spend on them?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Spend on them, for you will have a reward for what you spend on them."  

يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ بَنِي أَبِي سَلَمَةَ فِي حَجْرِي وَلَيْسَ لَهُمْ شَيْءٌ إِلَّا مَا أَنْفَقْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَسْتُ بِتَارِكَتِهِمْ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلِي أَجْرٌ إِنْ أَنْفَقْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْفِقِي عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِنَّ لَكِ أَجْرَ مَا أَنْفَقْتِ عَلَيْهِمْ  

[Machine] "She freed a slave during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so she mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said, 'If you had given her to your paternal uncles, it would have been greater in reward for you.'"  

أَنَّهَا أَعْتَقَتْ وَلِيدَةً فِي زَمَنِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَوْ أَعْطَيْتِهَا أَخْوَالَكِ كَانَ أَعْظَمَ لِأَجْرِكِ  

[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, who is most deserving of my good treatment?" He said, "Your mother." I said, "Then who?" He said, "Your mother." I said, "Then who?" He said, "Your mother." I said, "Then who?" He said, "Then your father, and then the closest relatives."  

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ أَبَرُّ؟ قَالَ أُمُّكَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ أُمُّكَ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ أُمُّكَ؟ قُلْتُ ثُمَّ مَنْ؟ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَبَاكَ ثُمَّ الْأَقْرَبُ فَالْأَقْرَبُ  

"No man comes to his Mawla and asks him for something from the surplus of what he has, and he withholds it from him, but on the Day of Resurrection a bald-headed Shuja'a [1] will be called to him and will be licking the surplus that he withheld." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2566)   

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا يَأْتِي رَجُلٌ مَوْلَاهُ فَيَسْأَلَهُ مِنْ فَضْلٍ هُوَ عِنْدَهُ فَيَمْنَعَهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلَّا دُعِيَ إِلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ يَتَلَمَّظُ فَضْلَهُ الَّذِي مَنْعَ  

Messenger of Allah! to whom should I show kindness? He said: Your mother, your sister, your brother and the slave whom you set free and who is your relative, a due binding (on you), and a tie of relationship which should be joined. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 5140)   

أَنَّهُ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَنْ أَبَرُّ؟ قَالَ أُمَّكَ وَأَبَاكَ وَأُخْتَكَ وَأَخَاكَ وَمَوْلَاكَ الَّذِي يَلِي ذَلِكَ حَقًّا وَاجِبًا وَرَحِمًا مَوْصُولَةً  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "Indeed, Allah advises you to be good to your mothers, then advises you to be good to your fathers, then advises you to be good to your closest relatives, then next closest." Al-Miqdam said, "And I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Whatever you give as food to yourself, your children, your spouse, and your servant, it is charity.'"  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ اللهَ يُوصِيكُمْ بِأُمَّهَاتِكُمْ ثُمَّ يُوصِيكُمْ بِآبَائِكُمْ ثُمَّ يُوصِيكُمْ بِالْأَقْرَبِ فَالْأَقْرَبِ 7766 قَالَ الْمِقْدَامُ وَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا أَطْعَمْتَ نَفْسَكَ وَوَلَدَكَ وَزَوْجَكَ وَخَادِمَكَ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ