10. Zakāh (Prescribed Charity)
١٠۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us one day to give sadaqah. At that time I had some property. I said: Today I shall surpass AbuBakr if I surpass him any day. I, therefore, brought half my property. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked: What did you leave for your family? I replied: The same amount. AbuBakr brought all that he had with him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him: What did you leave for your family? He replied: I left Allah and His Apostle for them. I said: I shall never compete you in anything. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1678)
سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يَقُولُ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا أَنْ نَتَصَدَّقَ فَوَافَقَ ذَلِكَ مَالًا عِنْدِي فَقُلْتُ الْيَوْمَ أَسْبِقُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنْ سَبَقْتُهُ يَوْمًا فَجِئْتُ بِنِصْفِ مَالِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَبْقَيْتَ لِأَهْلِكَ فَقُلْتُ مِثْلَهُ قَالَ فَأَتَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِكُلِّ مَا عِنْدَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَبْقَيْتَ لِأَهْلِكَ فَقَالَ أَبْقَيْتُ لَهُمُ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقُلْتُ لَا أُسَابِقُكَ إِلَى شَيْءٍ أَبَدًا
[Machine] About the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the Battle of Tabuk, he mentioned the hadith at length, and in it, I said, "O Messenger of Allah, part of my repentance is to give charity from my wealth to Allah and to the Messenger." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Hold on to some of your wealth, for it is better for you." So I said, "Then I will hold on to my arrow from the Battle of Khaybar," and he mentioned the hadith.
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ وَفِيهِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ مِنْ تَوْبَتِي أَنْ أَنْخَلِعَ مِنْ مَالِي صَدَقَةً إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ وَإِلَى الرَّسُولِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمْسِكْ عَلَيْكَ بَعْضَ مَالِكَ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لَكَ فَقُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أَمْسِكُ سَهْمِيَ الَّذِي بِخَيْبَرَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ
[Machine] About the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and in what happened before that in matters in which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had a role, Hussein claimed that Abu Lubabah said when Allah forgave him, "O Messenger of Allah, I will abandon the home of my people where I committed sin and I will migrate and live with you, and I will donate one-third of my wealth to Allah and His Messenger." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "Hussein claimed that one-third will be compensated for you." This was narrated by Muhammad ibn Abi Hafsah from Az-Zuhri from Hussein ibn As-Saib ibn Abi Lubabah from his father who said, "When Allah forgave Abu Lubabah, he said, 'I came to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned it to him.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'One-third will be compensated for you.'"
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَفِيمَا كَانَ سَلَفَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فِي أُمُورٍ وَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَزَعَمَ حُسَيْنٌ أَنَّ أَبَا لُبَابَةَ قَالَ حِينَ تَابَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي أَهْجُرُ دَارَ قَوْمِي الَّتِي أَصَبْتُ فِيهَا الذَّنْبَ وَأَنْتَقِلُ وَأُسَاكِنُكَ وَأَنْخَلِعُ مِنْ مَالِي صَدَقَةً إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ زَعَمَ حُسَيْنٌ يُجْزِئُ عَنْكَ الثُّلُثُ وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حَفْصَةَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ بْنِ أَبِي لُبَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ لَمَّا تَابَ اللهُ عَلَى أَبِي لُبَابَةَ قَالَ أَبُو لُبَابَةَ جِئْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَالَ فَقَالَ يُجْزِئُ عَنْكَ الثُّلُثُ
[Machine] While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , a man came to him holding a golden egg, which he had acquired from some battles or mines. He approached the Prophet ﷺ from his right side and said, "O Messenger of Allah, take this as a charity from me. By Allah, I have no wealth other than this." The Prophet ﷺ turned away from him. Then he came to him from his left side and said the same thing. Once again, the Prophet ﷺ turned away from him. Finally, the man came to him from in front of him and said the same thing. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Give it here," and he forcibly threw it away. If it had struck him, it would have hurt him or caused him pain. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "One of you may intentionally bring his wealth and give it in charity, but then he sits waiting for people to praise him. Charity is only accepted from those who are self-sufficient. Take what belongs to you, for we have no need for it." So the man took his wealth and left. According to Hammad bin Salamah, Muhammad bin Ishaq stated in this hadith, "I acquired this from a mine."
بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ بِمِثْلِ الْبَيْضَةِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ أَصَابَهَا فِي بَعْضِ الْمَغَازِي أَوْ قَالَ الْمَعَادِنُ فَجَاءَ بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ رُكْنِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ خُذْهَا مَنِّي صَدَقَةً وَاللهِ مَا لِي مَالٌ غَيْرُهَا فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بِهَا عَنْ رُكْنِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بِهَا مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ هَاتِهَا فَحَذَفَهُ حَذْفَةً لَوْ أَصَابَتْهُ لَأَوْجَعَتْهُ أَوْ عَقَرَتْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَعْمِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ فَيَأْتِي بِمَالِهِ فَيَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ ثُمَّ يَقْعُدُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ يَتَكَفَّفُ النَّاسَ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَةُ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى خُذِ الَّذِي لَكَ لَا حَاجَةَ لَنَا بِهِ فَأَخَذَ الرَّجُلُ مَالَهُ فَذَهَبَ وَقَالَ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَصَبْتُ هَذِهِ مِنْ مَعْدِنٍ
[Machine] A man entered the mosque while the Prophet ﷺ was on the pulpit on Friday. The Prophet called him and instructed him to pray two units of prayer. Then the man entered during the second Friday prayer while the Prophet ﷺ was on the pulpit. The Prophet called him and instructed him to pray two units of prayer. Then the man entered during the third Friday prayer and mentioned the same thing. Then the Prophet said, "Give charity, so give charity." He gave him two of the garments given for charity. Then he said, "Give charity, so he threw one of his garments at him. The Prophet ﷺ disapproved of what he had done and disliked it. Then he said, 'Look at this man who entered the mosque in such a disheveled state. I called you all to help him and give him charity, and to clothe him, but you did not do so. So I said, 'Give charity,' and I myself gave him two of the garments given for charity. Then I said, 'Give charity,' and he threw one of his garments at him. Take your garment and reprimand him.'"
أَنَّ رَجُلًا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ فَدَعَاهُ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْجُمُعَةَ الثَّانِيَةَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَدَعَاهُ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ الْجُمُعَةَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَذَكَرَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ تَصَدَّقُوا فَتَصَدَّقُوا فَأَعْطَاهُ ثَوْبَيْنِ مِمَّا تَصَدَّقُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ تَصَدَّقُوا فَأَلْقَى هُوَ أَحَدَ ثَوْبَيْهِ فَانْتَهَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَرِهَ مَا صَنَعَ ثُمَّ قَالَ انْظُرُوا إِلَى هَذَا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ بِهَيْئَةٍ بَذَّةٍ فَدَعَوْتُهُ فَرَجَوْتُ أَنْ تَفْطِنُوا لَهُ فَتَتَصَدَّقُوا عَلَيْهِ وَتَكْسُونَهُ فَلَمْ تَفْعَلُوا فَقُلْتُ تَصَدَّقُوا فَتَصَدَّقْتُ فَأَعْطَيْتُهُ ثَوْبَيْنِ مِمَّا تَصَدَّقُوا ثُمَّ قُلْتُ تَصَدَّقُوا فَأَلْقَى أَحَدَ ثَوْبَيْهِ خُذْ ثَوْبَكَ وَانْتَهَرَهُ
"The Messenger of Allah said: 'A Dirham was better than a hundred thousand Dirhams.' They said: 'O Messenger of Allah, how?' He said: 'A man had two Dirhams and gave one in charity, and another man went to part of his wealth and took out a hundred thousand Dirhams and gave them in charity."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2528)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَبَقَ دِرْهَمٌ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ كَيْفَ يَسْبِقُ دِرْهَمٌ مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ؟ قَالَ رَجُلٌ كَانَ لَهُ دِرْهَمَانِ فَأَخَذَ أَحَدَهُمَا فَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ وَآخَرُ لَهُ مَالٌ كَثِيرٌ فَأَخَذَ مِنْ عَرْضِهَا مِائَةَ أَلْفٍ يَعْنِي فَتَصَدَّقَ بِهَا
Three people came to the Prophet ﷺ and one of them said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I had one hundred dinars and i gave ten of them in charity. The next one said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I had ten dinars and I gave one of them in charity. The next one said: I had one dinar and I gave one-tenth of it in charity. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “You are all the same in reward, for each of you gave one tenth of his wealth.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 743)
جَاءَ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَحَدُهُمْ لِي مِائَةُ أُوقِيَّةٍ فَتَصَدَّقْتُ بِعَشَرَةِ أَوَاقٍ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ لِي مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ فَتَصَدَّقْتُ بِعَشَرَةِ دَنَانِيرَ وَقَالَ الثَّالِثُ لِي عَشَرَةُ دَنَانِيرَ فَتَصَدَّقْتُ بِدِينَارٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ تَصَدَّقَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ بِعُشْرِ مَالِهِ كُلُّكُمْ فِي الْأَجْرِ سَوَاءٌ