10. Zakāh (Prescribed Charity)

١٠۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ

10.45 [Machine] Whoever sees goodness in horses.

١٠۔٤٥ بَابُ مَنْ رَأَى فِي الْخَيْلِ صَدَقَةً.

bayhaqi:7418Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū Ṭāhir Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Jūwaynī > Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Rajāʾ b. al-Sindī > Sūwayd b. Saʿīd > Ḥafṣ b. Maysarah > Zayd b. Aslam > Abū Ṣāliḥ Dhakwān > Nnah > Abū Hurayrah

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is no owner of gold or silver who does not give their due right from it." He mentioned the hadith in the warning that came about preventing its right and the right of camels, cows, and sheep. He mentioned that from the right of camels is their milking on the day of their return. Then it was said, "O Messenger of Allah, what about horses?" He said, "Horses have three rights. They are a burden for one man, a reward for another, and a covering for another. As for the one who burdens it, he ties it ostentatiously, proudly, and arrogantly in front of the people of Islam, so it is a burden for him. As for the one for whom it is a covering, he ties it in the path of Allah, then he does not neglect the right of Allah in its appearance and its necks, so it is a covering for him. As for the one for whom it is a reward, he ties it in the path of Allah for the people of Islam in a meadow or a garden, so it does not eat anything from that meadow or garden except that a number of good deeds is written for him equal to what it ate, and a number of its footsteps and urinations are written as good deeds for him. Its length is not cut, so it seeks nobility or two noble things. Allah writes for him a number of its footsteps and urinations as good deeds, and its owner orders it to a river, so it drinks from it, and he does not intend to quench its thirst except that Allah writes for him a number of what it drank as good deeds. It was said, "O Messenger of Allah, what about donkeys?" He said, "Allah has not revealed anything to me about donkeys except this comprehensive and concise verse: 'So whoever does an atom's weight of good will see it, and whoever does an atom's weight of evil will see it.' " [Surah Az-Zalzalah 8]  

البيهقي:٧٤١٨أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْجُوَيْنِيُّ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ رَجَاءِ بْنِ السِّنْدِيِّ ثنا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثنا حَفْصُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ أَنَّ أَبَا صَالِحٍ ذَكْوَانَ أَخْبَرَهُ أنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ يَقُولُ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ ذَهَبٍ وَلَا فِضَّةٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي مِنْهَا حَقَّهَا فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي الْوَعِيدِ الَّذِي جَاءَ فِي مَنْعِ حَقِّهَا وَحَقِّ الْإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَذَكَرَ فِي الْإِبِلِ وَمِنْ حَقِّهَا حَلْبُهَا يَوْمَ وِرْدِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَالْخَيْلُ؟ قَالَ الْخَيْلُ لِثَلَاثَةٍ هِيَ لِرَجُلٍ وِزْرٌ وَهِيَ لِرَجُلٍ أَجْرٌ وَهِيَ لِرَجُلٍ سِتْرٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ وِزْرٌ فَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا رِيَاءً وَفَخْرًا وَنِوَاءً عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَهِيَ لَهُ وِزْرٌ وَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ سِتْرٌ فَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنْسَ حَقَّ اللهِ فِي ظُهُوَرِهَا وَلَا رِقَابِهَا فَهِيَ لَهُ سِتْرٌ وَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ أَجْرٌ فَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ لِأَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ فِي مَرْجٍ أَوْ رَوْضَةٍ فَمَا أَكَلَتْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَرْجِ وَالرَّوْضَةِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُ عَدَدَ مَا أَكَلَتْ حَسَنَاتٌ وَكُتِبَ لَهُ عَدَدَ أَرْوَاثِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا حَسَنَاتٌ وَلَا تَقْطَعُ طُولَهَا فَاسْتَنَّتْ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ عَدَدَ آثَارِهَا وَأَبْوَالِهَا حَسَنَاتٍ وَلَأَمَرَّ بِهَا صَاحِبُهَا عَلَى نَهَرٍ فَشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ وَلَا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَسْقِيَهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ عَدَدَ مَا شَرِبَتْ حَسَنَاتٍ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَالْحُمُرُ؟ قَالَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَيَّ فِي الْحُمُرِ شَيْئًا إِلَّا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الْفَاذَّةَ الْجَامِعَةَ {فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ } [الزلزلة 8]  

رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَرَوَاهُ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ فَقَالَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَلَا يَنْسَى حَقَّ اللهِ فِي ظُهُوَرِهَا وَبُطُونِهَا فِي عُسْرِهَا وَيُسْرِهَا وَذَلِكَ لَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى الزَّكَاةِ
bayhaqi:7419Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Aḥmad b. ʿAbdān from my father > Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. Mūsá al-Iṣṭakhrī > Ismāʿīl b. Yaḥyá b. Baḥr al-Azdī > al-Layth b. Ḥammād al-Iṣṭakhrī > Abū Yūsuf > Ghūrak b. al-Ḥaṣram Abū ʿAbdullāh > Jaʿfar b. Muḥammad from his father > Jābir

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said regarding horses that are easily frightened, "In every horse, there is a dinar upon which your saddle rests." Abu Bakr ibn Al-Harith narrated that Ali ibn Umar Al-Hafiz said, "In every horse, there is a dinar upon which your saddle rests, and it is unique to your guardian, distancing it from Ja'far who is very weak, and those weaker than him."  

البيهقي:٧٤١٩أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدَانَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ثنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى الْإِصْطَخْرِيُّ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ بَحْرٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ ثنا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ الْإِصْطَخْرِيُّ ثنا أَبُو يُوسُفَ عَنْ غُورَكِ بْنِ الْحَصْرَمِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْخَيْلِ السَّائِمَةِ فِي كُلِّ فَرَسٍ دِينَارٌ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ غُورَكُ هَذَا وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ غُورَكُ عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ جِدًّا وَمَنْ دُونَهُ ضُعَفَاءُ  

bayhaqi:7420Abū Naṣr ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah > Abū ʿUmar Ismāʿīl b. Nujayd al-Sulamī > Abū Muslim Ibrāhīm b. ʿAbdullāh > Abū ʿĀṣim > Ibn Jurayj > ʿUmar > Ḥī b. Yaʿlá > Yaʿlá > Ābtāʿ ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Umayyah Akhū Yaʿlá from a man Faras Unthá Bimiāʾah Qalūṣ Fabadā Lah Fanadim al-Bāʾiʿ Faʾatá ʿUmar ؓ > In Yaʿlá And ʾAkhāh Ghaṣabānī Farasī Fakatab ʿUmar > Yaʿlá b. Umayyah > al-Ḥaq Bī Faʾatāh Faʾakhbarah > In al-Khayl Latablugh Hadhā ʿIndakum > Mā ʿAlimt Faras Qabl Hadhih Balagh Hadhā

[Machine] Umar used to take forty sheep as tax, and he didn't take anything from horses. Take one dinar from each mare. He struck the horse with a dinar, dinar, and we have narrated before this incident, it does not indicate that Umar ordered it only when its owners liked it. And if this narration is correct, it can be inferred that the narrations do not agree and there is no difference. The hadith of the argument of Abu Hurayrah is the most authentic narration in that matter, and it removes the obligation of giving charity from it. And Allah knows best.  

البيهقي:٧٤٢٠أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو نَصْرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ أنبأ أَبُو عُمَرَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ نُجَيْدٍ السُّلَمِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ ثنا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ أنبأ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ أَخْبَرَنِي عُمَرُ أَنَّ حِيَّ بْنَ يَعْلَى أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ يَعْلَى قَالَ ابْتَاعَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ أَخُو يَعْلَى مِنْ رَجُلٍ فَرَسًا أُنْثَى بِمِائَةِ قَلُوصٍ فَبَدَا لَهُ فَنَدِمَ الْبَائِعُ فَأَتَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَالَ إِنَّ يَعْلَى وَأَخَاهُ غَصَبَانِي فَرَسِي فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ إِلَى يَعْلَى بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ أَنِ الْحَقْ بِي فَأَتَاهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ الْخَيْلَ لَتَبْلُغُ هَذَا عِنْدَكُمْ قَالَ مَا عَلِمْتُ فَرَسًا قَبْلَ هَذِهِ بَلَغَ هَذَا فَقَالَ

عُمَرُ فَنَأْخُذُ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ شَاةً شَاةً وَلَا نَأْخُذُ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ شَيْئًا خُذْ مِنْ كُلِّ فَرَسٍ دِينَارًا قَالَ فَضَرَبَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ دِينَارًا دِينَارًا وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي الْبَابِ قَبْلَهُ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَ بِذَلِكَ حِينَ أَحَبَّهُ أَرْبَابُهَا وَهَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةُ إِنْ صَحَّتْ تَكُونُ مَحْمُولَةً عَلَى مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ لَا تَتَّفِقُ الرِّوَايَاتُ وَلَا تَخْتَلِفُ وَحَدِيثُ عِرَاكٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَصَحُّ مَا رُوِيَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ يَقْطَعُ بِنَفْيِ الصَّدَقَةِ عَنْهَا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ