10. Zakāh (Prescribed Charity)
١٠۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ
That the Messenger of Allah sent him to Yemen, and he commanded him to take a Dinar, or its equivalent in Maafr,[1] from each person who had reached the age of puberty. And with regard to cattle, from every thirty a male or female Tabi '(two-year-old). And from every forty a Musinnah (three-year-old). (Daif) (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2450)
مُعَاذٌ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ وَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَقَرَةً ثَنِيَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلُهُ مَعَافِرِيٌّ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent him to Yemen and ordered him to take from every thirty cows either a male or a female for sale, and from every forty-year-old, and from every dhalm (camel) a dinar or its equivalent in goods. And Abu Ali al-Rudhbari informed us, Muhammad ibn Bakr informed us, Abu Dawood narrated to us, narrated to us al-Nufayli, and 'Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah and Ibn al-Muthanna said, Mutawwiya narrated to us, al-A'mash narrated to us, from Ibrahim, from Masruq, from Mu'adh, from the Prophet ﷺ in a similar manner.
بَعَثَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ بَقَرَةً تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلُهُ مَعَافِرٌ 7288 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ أنبأ أَبُو دَاوُدُ ثنا النُّفَيْلِيُّ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالُوا ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ ثنا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ عَنْ مُعَاذٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِنَحْوِهِ
[Machine] He said that for every thirty camels, there is either a male or female camel, and for every forty cows, there is one cow.
أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعٌ أَوْ تَبِيعَةٌ وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَقَرَةً بَقَرَةٌ
[Machine] I hear from the messenger of Allah ﷺ in it something until I meet him and ask him, and the messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away before Mu'adh ibn Jabal came forward.
أَسْمَعْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِ شَيْئًا حَتَّى أَلْقَاهُ فَأَسْأَلَهُ فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقْدَمَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ did not command me in it with anything," said Al-Shafi'i and Al-Waqi' said, "except that it has not reached the level of obligation."
لَمْ يَأْمُرْنِي فِيهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِشَيْءٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَالْوَقْصُ مَا لَمْ يَبْلُغِ الْفَرِيضَةَ
[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Mu'adh to Yemen, he was asked: "What have you been commanded?" He replied: "I have been commanded to take from the livestock thirty young she-camels or she-goats, and from every forty, one aged animal." Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, who heard from Abu Amr Uthman bin Ahmad Ad-Daqqaq, who heard from Muhammad bin Ubaydullah Al-Munadi, who heard from Abu Badr Shuja' ibn Al-Walid, who heard from Al-Hasan bin Ammarah, who heard from Al-Hakam, who mentioned it and had a witness with a stronger chain than his.
لَمَّا بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ قِيلَ لَهُ مَا أُمِرْتَ؟ قَالَ أُمِرْتُ أَنْ آخُذَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً 7292 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الَحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرٍو عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الدَّقَّاقُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ الْمُنَادِي ثنا أَبُو بَدْرٍ شُجَاعُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ ثنا الْحَكَمُ فَذَكَرَهُ وَلَهُ شَاهِدٌ بِإِسْنَادٍ أَجْوَدَ مِنْهُ
[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , sent Mu'adh to Yemen, he ordered him to take from every thirty she-camels one that is ready to be sold and from every forty cows one that is old. They asked him, "What about the animals that are in between?" He replied, "He did not command me regarding them, so I will ask the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , when I meet him." So when he met the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , he asked him about the animals in between. He said, "There is nothing specific about them." Al-Mas'udi said, "The 'awaqas are the animals that are below thirty and those that are between forty and sixty. If there are sixty, then there are two that are ready to be sold. If there are seventy, then there is one that is old and ready to be sold. If there are eighty, then there are two that are old and ready to be sold. If there are ninety, then there are three that are ready to be sold." The remainder said, "Awaqas is written with a seen, and it should not be read as "sadin."
لَمَّا بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُعَاذًا إِلَى الْيَمَنِ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً جَذَعًا أَوْ جَذَعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَقَرَةً بَقَرَةً مُسِنَّةً فَقَالُوا فَالْأَوْقَاصُ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ مَا أَمَرَنِي فِيهَا بِشَيْءٍ وَسَأَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْأَوْقَاصِ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ وَقَالَ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ وَالْأَوْقَاصُ مَا دُونَ الثَّلَاثِينَ وَمَا بَيْنَ الْأَرْبَعِينَ إِلَى السِّتِّينَ وَإِذَا كَانَتْ سِتُّونَ فَفِيهَا تَبِيعَتَانِ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ سَبْعُونَ فَفِيهَا مُسِنَّةٌ وَتَبِيعٌ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ ثَمَانُونَ فَفِيهَا مُسِنَّتَانِ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ تِسْعُونَ فَفِيهَا ثَلَاثُ تَبَائِعَ قَالَ بَقِيَّةُ قَالَ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ الْأَوْقَاصُ هِيَ بِالسِّينِ الْأَوْقَاسُ فَلَا تَجْعَلْهَا بِصَادٍ
[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said, "Give one-fourth of the tithe." He mentioned a long narration in it, saying, "And for every thirty cows, (there is) one calf, and for every forty cows, (there is) one middle-aged (cow), and the laborers have no responsibility."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ هَاتُوا رُبْعَ الْعُشْرِ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ قَالَ فِيهِ وَفِي الْبَقَرِ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعٌ وَفِي الْأَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةٌ وَلَيْسَ عَلَى الْعَوَامِلِ شَيْءٌ
[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said regarding cattle: "For every thirty cattle that are sold, a yearling or a yearling heifer is to be mentioned. And for every forty cattle that are old, a wing is not mentioned in his narration, a yearling or a yearling heifer is mentioned." It was narrated by Shurayk from Khusaif from Abu Ubaydah from his mother from Abdullah. Al-Bukhari narrated it.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ فِي الْبَقَرِ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً جَذَعٌ أَوْ جَذَعَةٌ وَفِي أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةٌ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ جَنَاحٌ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ جَذَعٌ أَوْ جَذَعَةٌ وَرَوَاهُ شَرِيكٌ عَنْ خُصَيْفٍ عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ عَنْ أُمِّهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ wrote to the people of Yemen, saying: "Every thirty camels for sale should have a male or female calf, and every forty camels for sale should have a cow." Abu Abdul Rahman Al-Sulami narrated from Abu Amr bin Hamdan, who narrated from Abdullah bin Muhammad bin Abdul Aziz, who narrated from Al-Hakam bin Musa, who narrated from Yahya bin Hamza, who narrated from Sulaiman bin Dawood, who mentioned it.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ قَالَ فِيهِ وَفِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ بَاقُورَةً تَبِيعٌ جَذَعٌ أَوْ جَذَعَةٌ وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَاقُورَةً بَقَرَةٌ حَدَّثَنِيهِ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ حَمْدَانَ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ثنا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ مُوسَى ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَمْزَةَ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ فَذَكَرَهُ
the Prophet said: “For every thirty cattle, Tabi or Tabi'ah and for every forty a Musinnah.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1804)
فِي أَرْبَعِينَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مُسِنَّةٌ وَفِي ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعٌ أَوْ تَبِيعَةٌ
[Machine] Al-Zuhri said: "If it (the number of cows) is twenty-five, then there is one cow for every five cows. And if it exceeds seventy-five, then there are two cows for every hundred. And if it exceeds two hundred, then for every forty cows there is one cow." Ma'mar said: "Al-Zuhri said: 'And we have received news that the Prophet ﷺ said: 'For every thirty cows, there is a livestock transaction, and for every forty cows, there is a livestock transaction.' This was a relief for the people of Yemen.' Then this (narration) came after that. This hadith is mentioned, disconnected, and narrated from another perspective, disconnected. The disconnected narration is not a valid proof, and what came before it is more abundant and more well-known. And Allah knows best."
الزُّهْرِيُّ فَإِذَا كَانَتْ خَمْسًا وَعِشْرِينَ فَفِيهَا بَقَرَةٌ إِلَى خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى خَمْسٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فَفِيهَا بَقَرَتَانِ إِلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَإِذَا زَادَتْ عَلَى عِشْرِينَ وَمِائَةٍ فَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَقَرَةً بَقَرَةٌ قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ قَوْلَهُمْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ بَقَرَةً تَبِيعٌ وَفِي كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ بَقَرَةً بَقَرَةٌ إِنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ تَخْفِيفًا لِأَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ ثُمَّ كَانَ هَذَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ مَوْقُوفٌ وَمُنْقَطِعٌ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ مُنْقَطِعًا وَالْمُنْقَطِعُ لَا تَثْبُتُ بِهِ حُجَّةٌ وَمَا قَبْلَهُ أَكْثَرُ وَأَشْهَرُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ