10. Zakāh (Prescribed Charity)
١٠۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ, he mentioned that he only took charity from wheat, barley, raisins, and dates. It was also narrated by Abdullah ibn al-Walid al-Adani from Sufyan, who added that al-Hajjaj sent Musa ibn al-Mughira to al-Khudr and as-Sawad and he wanted to take dates and grains from al-Khudr. Musa ibn Talha informed him that there was a book with them from Mu'adh, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered to take wheat, barley, raisins, and dates. So he wrote to al-Hajjaj about it, and al-Hajjaj said: "He has spoken the truth." Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Asbahani informed us, who was informed by Abu Nasr al-'Iraqi, who was told by Sufyan ibn Muhammad al-Jawhari, who was told by Ali ibn al-Hasan, who was told by Abdullah, and he mentioned it.
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أنَّهُ إِنَّمَا أَخَذَ الصَّدَقَةَ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ وَالتَّمْرِ 7475 وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الْعَدَنِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ وَزَادَ فِيهِ قَالَ بَعَثَ الْحَجَّاجُ بِمُوسَى بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَلَى الْخُضَرِ وَالسَّوَادِ فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْخُضَرِ الرِّطَابِ وَالْبُقُولِ فَقَالَ مُوسَى بْنُ طَلْحَةَ عِنْدَنَا كِتَابُ مُعَاذٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أنَّهُ أَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ قَالَ فَكَتَبَ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو نَصْرٍ الْعِرَاقِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ فَذَكَرَهُ
[Machine] "From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: 'So they wrote that to al-Hajjaj, and al-Hajjaj wrote that Musa bin Talha is more knowledgeable than Musa bin al-Mughira.'"
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَكَتَبُوا بِذَلِكَ إِلَى الْحَجَّاجِ فَكَتَبَ الْحَجَّاجُ أَنَّ مُوسَى بْنَ طَلْحَةَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْ مُوسَى بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that when the sky, palm tree, and mountain give water, it is a tenth. And when it is given by means of surface water, then it is half of the tenth. And this only applies to dates, wheat, and grains. As for cucumber, watermelon, pomegranate, and squash, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ pardoned them. This was narrated by Yahya ibn al-Mughira from Ibn Nafi' who said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ pardoned cucumber and green vegetables. Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith al-Faqih informed us, and Ali ibn Umar al-Hafiz narrated to us, and Ali ibn Ahmad al-Azraq in Egypt narrated to us, and Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Naffah narrated to us, and Yahya ibn al-Mughira mentioned it with addition.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِيمَا سَقَتِ السَّمَاءُ وَالْبَعْلُ وَالسَّيْلُ الْعُشْرُ وَفِيمَا سُقِيَ بِالنَّضْحِ نِصْفُ الْعُشْرِ وَإِنَّمَا يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ فِي التَّمْرِ وَالْحِنْطَةِ وَالْحُبُوبِ فَأَمَّا الْقِثَّاءُ وَالْبِطِّيخُ وَالرُّمَّانُ وَالْقَضْبُ فَقَدْ عَفَا عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ 7478 وَرَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنِ ابْنِ نَافِعٍ فَقَالَ الْقَضْبُ وَالْخُضَرُ فَقَدْ عَفَا عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْأَزْرَقُ بِمِصْرَ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ النَّفَّاحِ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَذَكَرَهُ بِزِيَادَتِهِ
[Machine] Charity during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ only consisted of five things: wheat, barley, dates, raisins, and maize.
لَمْ تَكُنِ الصَّدَقَةُ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَّا فِي خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ وَالذُّرَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not impose (taxes) except on ten things: camels, cows, sheep, gold, silver, wheat, barley, dates, and raisins. Ibn 'Uyaynah said, "I think he also imposed (taxes) on corn."
لَمْ يَفْرِضْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَّا فِي عَشَرَةِ أَشْيَاءَ الْإِبِلِ وَالْبَقَرِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالذَّهَبِ وَالْفِضَّةِ وَالْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ قَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ أُرَاهُ قَالَ وَالذُّرَةُ
[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ only specified charitable giving in ten instances. He mentioned them and mentioned in them the value of dates, but did not mention corn.
لَمْ يَجْعَلْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الصَّدَقَةَ إِلَّا فِي عَشَرَةٍ فَذَكَرَهُنَّ وَذَكَرَ فِيهِنَّ السُّلْتَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الذُّرَةَ
[Machine] "Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the people of Yemen. Indeed, charity consists of wheat, barley, dates, and raisins. All of these hadiths are narrations except that they are from different sources. Some of them confirm others, along with the narration of Abu Burdah from Abu Musa. They have already been mentioned in the chapter of palm trees, and it includes the statement of some companions."
رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ إِنَّمَا الصَّدَقَةُ فِي الْحِنْطَةِ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالزَّبِيبِ هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثُ كُلُّهَا مَرَاسِيلُ إِلَّا أَنَّهَا مِنْ طُرُقٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ فَبَعْضُهَا يُؤَكِّدُ بَعْضًا وَمَعَهَا رِوَايَةُ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى وَقَدْ مَضَتْ فِي بَابِ النَّخْلِ وَمَعَهَا قَوْلُ بَعْضِ الصَّحَابَةِ ؓ
عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فِي بَابِ النَّخْلِ
[Machine] It was narrated that it was elevated to the Prophet ﷺ and it was narrated from Aisha that the sunnah was practiced with it, but there is no zakat in what is grown from the green vegetation. And Abu Sa'id told us that Abu Al-Abbas Al-Asamm told us that Al-Hasan ibn Ali told us that Yahya ibn Adam told us that Ibn Mubarak narrated from Ibn Jurayj from Ata that he said: There is no charity except in dates, grapes, or grains, and there is no charity in anything from green vegetation or fruits.
ؓ مَرْفُوعًا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فِيمَا ذَكَرَتْ أَنَّ السُّنَّةَ جَرَتْ بِهِ وَلَيْسَ فِيمَا نَبَتَتِ الْأَرْضُ مِنَ الْخُضَرِ زَكَاةٌ 7484 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ثنا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ قَالَ لَا صَدَقَةَ إِلَّا فِي نَخْلٍ أَوْ عِنَبٍ أَوْ حَبٍّ وَلَيْسَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْخُضَرِ بَعْدُ وَالْفَوَاكِهِ كُلِّهَا صَدَقَةٌ