[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "A saa' of barley or wheat is due from every two individuals, young or old, free or slave, male or female. As for your rich, Allah purifies him and as for your poor, he gives him more than what he gave." And it was narrated to us by Abu Ali Al-Roudbari that Muhammad ibn Bakr informed us, who narrated from Abu Dawud, who narrated from Musaddad, who narrated from Suleiman ibn Dawud Al-Atkiyy, who mentioned the hadith and said in the narration of Suleiman ibn Dawud that Abdullah ibn Tha'labah or Tha'labah ibn Abdullah ibn Abi Suayr narrated from his father who said, and Suleiman added in his hadith, "rich or poor." And it was also narrated by Bakr ibn Wail Al-Koofi from Al-Zuhri from Abdullah ibn Tha'labah ibn Suayr from his father. And it was said that Tha'labah ibn Abdullah or Abdullah ibn Tha'labah narrated from the Prophet ﷺ, directly or through a chain of narrators. And it was also said about this that it applies to every head, and this is also mentioned in the hadith of Nu'man ibn Rashid. And it was said specifically about wheat, from every two individuals. Allah knows best. And Ibn Jurayj narrated it, and he said that Al-Zuhri said that Abdullah ibn Tha'labah delivered a sermon of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and narrated this hadith, and he said about wheat: "between two individuals." And Ma'mar contradicted them. And Al-Zuhri narrated from Abdurrahman ibn Hurmuz from Abu Hurairah, in Marfu' form, and then he said: "I have heard that Al-Zuhri used to elevate it." Ahmad said: Muhammad ibn Yahya Al-Dhuhli mentioned in his book of ailments that it is only Abdullah ibn Tha'labah and it is about every head or every individual. This is the narration of Bakr ibn Wail, which did not establish this hadith, except for the others, because it affected the chain of narrators and the content. And it was also narrated from Abu Salamah from Hammam from Bakr ibn Wail.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَاعٌ مِنْ بُرٍّ أَوْ قَمْحٍ عَنْ كُلِّ اثْنَيْنِ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَى أَمَّا غَنِيُّكُمْ فَيُزَكِّيهِ اللهُ وَأَمَّا فَقِيرُكُمْ فَيَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا أَعْطَى 7710 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُسَدَّدٌ وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْعَتَكِيُّ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَقَالَ فِي رِوَايَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ دَاوُدَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ أَوْ ثَعْلَبَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي صُعَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ وَزَادَ سُلَيْمَانُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ غَنِيٌّ أَوْ فَقِيرٌ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ الْكُوفِيِّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ صُعَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ ثَعْلَبَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ أَوْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا وَقِيلَ عَنْهُ فِي ذَلِكَ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ وَكَذَلِكَ فِي حَدِيثِ النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ وَقِيلَ فِي الْقَمْحِ خَاصَّةً عَنْ كُلِّ اثْنَيْنِ فَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ خَطَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَهُ وَقَالَ فِي الْقَمْحِ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ وَخَالَفَهُمْ مَعْمَرٌ فَرَوَاهُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ الزُّهْرِيَّ كَانَ يَرْفَعُهُ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى الذُّهْلِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ الْعِلَلِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ ثَعْلَبَةَ وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ عَنْ كُلِّ رَأْسٍ أَوْ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ هَكَذَا رِوَايَةُ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ لَمْ يُقِمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ غَيْرُهُ قَدْ أَصَابَ الْإِسْنَادَ وَالْمَتْنَ وَرَوَاهُ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ هَمَّامٍ عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ  

أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ حَزْمٍ فِي زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ بِنِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ أَوْ صَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَهَذَا لَا يَصِحُّ وَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ صَحِيحًا؟ وَرِوَايَةُ الْجَمَاعَةِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عِمْرَانَ تَعْدِيلُ الصَّاعِ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] Whoever is here from the people of Medina, inform your brothers as they do not know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made this charity obligatory upon every young and old, male and female, free and slave, a Sa' of dates or a Sa' of barley or half a Sa' of wheat. When Ali came and saw the abundance of barley, he said, "If you make it a Sa' of everything." He said, "Al-Hasan used to see it on whoever fasted such and such." He said, "Khatabna (we gave a sermon)" and Muhammad ibn Al-Muthanna reported it from Sahl ibn Yusuf, who said, "We considered Ali ibn Abdullah Al-Madini, and he was asked about the hadith of Ibn Abbas about the Prophet ﷺ in Zakat al-Fitr." He said, "It is a Basri narration and its Isnaad is Mursal." He said, "Ali Al-Hasan did not hear from Ibn Abbas and never saw it when he was in Medina during the days when Ibn Abbas was in Basra." He said, "And Ali told me about the hadith of Al-Hasan. Ibn Abbas gave a sermon in Basra, it is only like the saying of Thabit. Imran ibn Husayn came to us and said like what Mujahid said, but Ali came out to us, and he said like what Al-Hasan said, "Indeed, Suraqah ibn Malik ibn Ju'shum narrated to them from Al-Hasan, he did not hear from Ibn Abbas." The Sheikh Abu Ahmad said, "The hadith of Al-Hasan from Ibn Abbas is Mursal, and we have also narrated from Abu Rajaa Al-Attaridi hearing from Ibn Abbas in this sermon about the charity of Fitr, a sa' of food."  

مَنْ هَاهُنَا مِنَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ عَلِّمُوا إِخْوَانَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ عَلَى كُلِّ صَغِيرٍ وَكَبِيرٍ ذَكَرٍ وَأُنْثَى حُرٍّ وَعَبْدٍ صَاعٌ مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعُ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ نِصْفُ صَاعِ قَمْحٍ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَرَأَى رُخْصَ الشَّعِيرِ قَالَ لَوْ جَعَلْتُمُوهُ صَاعًا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَالَ وَكَانَ الْحَسَنُ يَرَاهَا عَلَى مَنْ صَامَ كَذَا قَالَ خَطَبَنَا وَرَوَاهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ فَقَالَ خَطَبَ وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ 7713 فَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْإِسْفَرَايِينِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْبَرَاءِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيَّ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي زَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ فَقَالَ حَدِيثٌ بَصْرِيٌ وَإِسْنَادُهُ مُرْسَلٌ قَالَ وَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ الْحَسَنُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَمَا رَآهُ قَطُّ كَانَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَيَّامَ كَانَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَلَى الْبَصْرَةِ قَالَ وَقَالَ لِي عَلِيٌّ فِي حَدِيثِ الْحَسَنِ خَطَبَنَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بِالْبَصْرَةِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ كَقَوْلِ ثَابِتٍ قَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُصَيْنٍ وَمَثَلُ قَوْلِ مُجَاهِدٍ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا عَلِيٌّ وَكَقَوْلِ الْحَسَنِ إِنَّ سُرَاقَةَ بْنَ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ حَدَّثَهُمُ الْحَسَنُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ حَدِيثُ الْحَسَنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيِّ سَمَاعًا مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي هَذِهِ الْخُطْبَةِ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ صَاعٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ  

[Machine] About the minor and the adult, the free and the slave: if they give a saa' (a measure) of food, it is accepted from them. And if they give a gift, it is accepted from them. And if they give raisins, it is accepted from them. And if they give salt, it is accepted from them. He said and I consider it, he said, and if they give flour, it is accepted from them. And if they give barley, it is accepted from them. And this is also a narration from Muhammad bin Seereen, who did not hear anything from Ibn Abbas except that it coincides with the narration of Abu Raja Al-Atardi, who is disconnected from Ibn Abbas. So it is more likely to be correct. And the narrator did not doubt it and there is no supporting witness for it, so it should not be relied upon. Allah knows best.  

عَنِ الصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ وَالْحُرِّ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَمَنْ أَدَّى بُرًّا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى شَعِيرًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى زَبِيبًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى سلْتًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَأَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ وَمَنْ أَدَّى دَقِيقًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ أَدَّى سَوِيقًا قُبِلَ مِنْهُ وَهَذَا أَيْضًا مُرْسَلٌ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ يُوَافِقُ حَدِيثَ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ الْعُطَارِدِيُّ الْمَوْصُولَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَهُوَ أَوْلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ صَحِيحًا وَمَا شَكَّ فِيهِ الرَّاوِي وَلَا شَاهِدَ لَهُ فَلَا اعْتِدَادَ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] He obligated the payment of Zakat al-Fitr in a specific measure of wheat. Ash-Shafi'i said that the hadith of "muddayin" (specific measure) is a mistake, and the scholar said that it is as he said, and the established reports indicate that the measure of a "muddayin" was after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. It was narrated that it is permissible to give half a saa' of barley as Sadaqat al-Fitr from Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, Uthman ibn Affan, Jabir ibn Abdullah, and Abu Hurairah. And in one of the two narrations, it was narrated from Ali and Ibn Abbas. Ibn al-Mundhir said that this is not confirmed from Abu Bakr and Uthman. The scholar said that it is disconnected from Abu Bakr and connected to Uthman, and Allah knows best. And there are reports that came from the Prophet ﷺ regarding a saa' of barley, and reports that came regarding half a saa', and none of that is correct. I have explained the reasons for each of them in detail in Al-Khilafiyat (the disagreements). And it was narrated in the hadith of Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri and in the confirmed hadith from Ibn Umar that the t'adil (specific measure) of a muddayin is half a saa' of barley per saa' of barley, and it occurred after the Prophet ﷺ. And with Allah is the facilitation.  

فَرَضَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ حَدِيثُ مُدَّيْنِ خَطَأٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ كَمَا قَالَ فَالْأَخْبَارُ الثَّابِتَةُ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ التَّعْدِيلَ بِمُدَّيْنِ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَرُوِّينَا فِي جَوَازِ نِصْفِ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ فِي صَدَقَةِ الْفِطْرِ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَفِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لَا يَثْبُتُ ذَلِكَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُثْمَانَ ؓ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ هُوَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مُنْقَطِعٌ وَعَنْ عُثْمَانَ مَوْصُولٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ وَرَدَتْ أَخْبَارٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَوَرَدَتْ أَخْبَارٌ فِي نِصْفِ صَاعٍ وَلَا يَصِحُّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَدْ بَيَّنْتُ عِلَّةَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهَا فِي الْخِلَافِيَّاتِ وَرُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ تَعْدِيلَ مُدَّيْنِ مِنْ بُرٍّ وَهُوَ نِصْفُ صَاعٍ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ وَقَعَ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ