10. Zakāh (Prescribed Charity)

١٠۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ

10.1 [Machine] What is mentioned in the warning about someone who hoards wealth and does not pay their Zakat.

١٠۔١ بَابُ مَا وَرَدَ مِنَ الْوَعِيدِ فِيمَنْ كَنَزَ مَالَ زَكَاةٍ وَلَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهُ

bayhaqi:7223Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū ʿAbdullāh Muḥammad b. Aḥmad b. Mūsá al-Rāzī Bibukhārá > Muḥammad b. Ayyūb > ʿAlī b. al-Madīnī > Hāshim b. al-Qāsim > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAbdullāh b. Dīnār from his father > Abū Ṣāliḥ al-Sammān > Abū Hurayrah

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "Whoever is given wealth by Allah and does not give its due Zakah, it will be turned into a bald snake for him on the Day of Resurrection. It will be coiled around his neck and he will be held captive by its fangs. Then it will say, 'I am your treasure, I am your wealth.' Then, the verse will be recited to him: 'And do not think that those who are miserly regarding what Allah has granted them of His bounty, that it is better for them. Rather, it is worse for them. They will be encircled by what they were miserly with, on the Day of Resurrection.'"  

البيهقي:٧٢٢٣أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ بِبُخَارَى أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيُّ ثنا هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ آتَاهُ اللهُ مَالًا فَلَمْ يُؤَدِّ زَكَاتَهُ مُثِّلَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ لَهُ زَبِيبَتَانِ يُطَوَّقُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُمَّ يَأْخُذُ بِلِهْزِمَتَيْهِ يَعْنِي شِدْقَيْهِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ أَنَا مَالُكَ أَنَا كَنْزُكَ ثُمَّ تَلَا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَبْخَلُونَ بِمَا آتَاهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ هُوَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ بَلْ هُوَ شَرٌّ لَهُمْ سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُوا بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ}  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْمَدِينِيِّ وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ مَوْقُوفًا وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَرْفُوعًا
bayhaqi:7224Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn And ʾAbū Zakariyyā b. Abū Isḥāq Waghayruhumā > Ūā > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān > al-Shāfiʿī > Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah > Jāmiʿ b. Abū Rāshid And ʿAbd al-Malik b. Aʿyan Samiʿā Abū Wāʾil Yukhbir > ʿAbdullāh b. Masʿūd

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "No man who does not pay his Zakat will enter Paradise without being transformed into a malignant snake, pursuing him until it encircles his neck." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited to us, "{They will be encircled by what they have withheld on the Day of Resurrection}" (Quran 3:180).  

البيهقي:٧٢٢٤أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ سَمِعَ جَامِعَ بْنَ أَبِي رَاشِدٍ وَعَبْدَ الْمَلِكِ بْنَ أَعْيَنَ سَمِعَا أَبَا وَائِلٍ يُخْبِرُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ يَقُولُ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاةَ مَالِهِ إِلَّا مُثِّلَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ يَفِرُّ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ يَتْبَعُهُ حَتَّى يُطَوَّقَهُ فِي عُنُقِهِ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ {سَيُطَوَّقُونَ مَا بَخِلُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ}  

bayhaqi:7225Muḥammad b. ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb b. Yūsuf > Abū And Yaḥyá b. Manṣūr al-Harawī > Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Malik b. Abū al-Shawārib al-Umawī > ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz b. al-Mukhtār > Suhayl from his father > Abū Hurayrah

No owner of the treasure who does not pay Zakat (would be spared) but (his hoards) would be heated in the Fire of Hell and these would be made into plates and with these his sides, his forehead would be cauterised till Allah would pronounce judgment among His servants during a day, the extent of which would be fifty thousand years. He would then see his path, leading either to Paradise or to Hell. And no owner of the camels who does not pay Zakat (would be spared) but a soft sandy plain would be set for him and they (the camels) would be made to pass over him till the last of them would be made to return till Allah would pronounce judgment among His servants during a day the extent of which would be fifty thousand years. He would then see his path leading him to Paradise or leading him to Hell. And no owner of the (cattle and) goats who does not pay Zakat (would be spared) but a soft sandy plain would be set for him, he would find none of them missing, with twisted horns, without horns, or with broken horns, and they will gore him with their horns and trample him with their hoofs and they would be made to pass over him till the last of them would be made to return till Allah would pronounce judgment among His servants, during a day the extent of which would be fifty thousand years, and he would see the paths leading to Paradise or to Hell. Suhail said: I do not know whether he made mention of the cows. They said: Messenger of Allah ﷺ, what about the horses? He said: The horses have goodness in their foreheads (or he said) or goodness is ingrained in the foreheads of the horses (Suhail said: I am in doubt as to what was actually said) up till the Day of judgement. The horses are of three kinds. They are a source of reward to a person, they are a covering to a person, and they are a burden to a person. As for those which bring reward is that a person would get reward who rears them for the sake of Allah and trains them for Him, and nothing disappears in their stomachs but Allah would record for him a good deed. And if they were to graze in the meadow, they would eat nothing but Allah would record for him a reward. And if they were to drink water from the canal, with every drop that, would disappear in their stomachs there would be reward (for the owner). He went on describing till a reward was mentioned for their urine and dung. And if they pranced a course or two, there would be recorded a reward for every pace that they covered. As for one for whom they are a covering, he is the man who rears them for honour and dignity but does not forget the right of their backs and their stomachs, in plenty and adversity, As regards one for whom they are a burden, he is that who rears them for vainglory and showing off to the people; for him they are, the burden. They said: Messenger of Allah, what about asses? He said: Allah has not revealed to me anything in regards to it except this one comprehensive verse:" He who does an atom's weight of good will see it, and he who does an atom's weight of evil will see it" (xcix. 7). (Using translation from Muslim 987c)   

البيهقي:٧٢٢٥أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ بْنِ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَيَحْيَى بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الْهَرَوِيُّ قَالَا ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ الْأُمَوِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ الْمُخْتَارِ ثنا سُهَيْلٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ كَنْزٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهُ إِلَّا أُحْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَيُجْعَلُ صَفَائِحُ فَيُكْوَى بِهَا جَنْبَاهُ وَجَبِينُهُ حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ ثُمَّ يَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ وَمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ إِبِلٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهَا إِلَّا بُطِحَ لَهَا بِقَاعٍ قَرْقَرٍ كَأَوْفَرَ مَا كَانَتْ تَسِيرُ عَلَيْهِ كُلَّمَا مَضَى أُخْرَاهَا رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ أُولَاهَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ ثُمَّ يَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ وَمَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ غَنَمٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي زَكَاتَهَا إِلَّا بُطِحَ لَهَا بِقَاعٍ قَرْقَرٍ كَأَوْفَرَ مَا كَانَتْ فَتَطَؤُهُ بِأَظْلَافِهَا وَتَنْطَحُهُ بِقُرُونِهَا لَيْسَ فِيهَا عَقْصَاءُ وَلَا جَلْحَاءُ كُلَّمَا مَضَى عَلَيْهِ أُخْرَاهَا رُدَّتْ عَلَيْهِ أُولَاهَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللهُ بَيْنَ عِبَادِهِ فِي يَوْمٍ كَانَ مِقْدَارُهُ خَمْسِينَ أَلْفَ سَنَةٍ مِمَّا تَعُدُّونَ ثُمَّ يَرَى سَبِيلَهُ إِمَّا إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ وَإِمَّا إِلَى النَّارِ قَالَ سُهَيْلٌ فَلَا أَدْرِي أَذَكَرَ الْبَقَرَ أَمْ لَا قَالُوا فَالْخَيْلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ الْخَيْلُ فِي نَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ أَوْ قَالَ الْخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ بِنَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ قَالَ سُهَيْلٌ أَنَا أَشُكُّ الْخَيْلُ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَهِيَ لِرَجُلٍ أَجْرٌ وَلِرَجُلٍ سِتْرٌ وَعَلَى رَجُلٍ وِزْرٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ أَجْرٌ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَّخِذُهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَيُعِدُّهَا لَهُ فَلَا يُغَيِّبُ شَيْئًا فِي بُطُونِهَا إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ بِهَا أَجْرًا وَلَوْ رَعَاهَا فِي مَرْجٍ مَا أَكَلَتْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ بِهَا أَجْرًا وَلَوْ سَقَاهَا مِنْ نَهْرٍ كَانَ لَهُ بِكُلِّ قَطْرَةٍ يُغَيِّبُهَا فِي بُطُونِهَا أَجْرٌ حَتَّى ذَكَرَ الْأَجْرَ فِي أَبْوَالِهَا وَأَرْوَاثِهَا وَلَوِ اسْتَنَّتْ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ كَتَبَ اللهُ لَهُ بِكُلِّ خُطْوَةٍ تَخْطُوهَا أَجْرًا وَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ سِتْرٌ فَالرَّجُلُ يَتَّخِذُهَا تَكَرُّمًا وَتَجَمُّلًا وَلَا يَنْسَى حَقَّ اللهِ فِي ظُهُورِهَا وَبُطُونِهَا فِي عُسْرِهَا وَيُسْرِهَا وَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرٌ فَالَّذِي يَتَّخِذُهَا أَشَرًا وَبَطَرًا وَبَذَخًا وَرِئَاءً لِلنَّاسِ فَذَاكَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ وِزْرٌ قَالُوا فَالْحُمُرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَيَّ فِيهَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الْجَامِعَةَ الْفَاذَّةَ {فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ} [الزلزلة 8]  

رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبِي الشَّوَارِبِ وَرَوَاهُ حَفْصُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ وَهِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا مِنْ صَاحِبِ ذَهَبٍ أَوْ فِضَّةٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي مِنْهَا حَقَّهَا فَذَكَرَهُ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْإِبِلَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْبَقَرَ وَالْغَنَمَ
bayhaqi:7226[Chain 1] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Ḥasan b. ʿAlī b. ʿAffān > ʿAbdullāh b. Numayr > al-Aʿmash [Chain 2] Abū al-Ḥusayn b. Bishrān al-ʿAdl> Abū al-Ḥasan ʿAlī b. Muḥammad al-Miṣrī > ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad b. Abū Maryam > al-Firyābī > Sufyān > al-Aʿmash > ʿAbdullāh b. Murrah > al-Ḥārith b. ʿAbdullāh > ʿAbdullāh b. Masʿūd

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of 'Abdullah through another chain of transmitters. (Using translation from Muslim 2775b)   

البيهقي:٧٢٢٦أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ بِشْرَانَ الْعَدْلُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمِصْرِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ لَاوِي الصَّدَقَةِ مَلْعُونٌ عَلَى لِسَانِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ نُمَيْرٍ

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ  

bayhaqi:7227Abū Bakr Muḥammad b. al-Ḥasan b. Fūrak > ʿAbdullāh b. Jaʿfar > Yūnus b. Ḥabīb > Abū Dāwud > Hishām > Yaḥyá b. Abū Kathīr > ʿĀmir al-ʿUqaylī from his father > Abū Hurayrah

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The first three to enter Paradise will be a martyr, a person who fulfilled the rights of Allah and advised his master, and a poor person who stayed chaste despite having dependents. As for the first three to enter Hell, they will be a ruler who oppressed others, a wealthy person who did not give the rightful share of his wealth, and a poor person who committed adultery."  

البيهقي:٧٢٢٧أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ فُورَكٍ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا هِشَامٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ عَنْ عَامِرٍ الْعُقَيْلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عُرِضَ عَلَيَّ أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَأَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ فَأَمَّا أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ فَالشَّهِيدُ وَعَبْدٌ أَدَّى حَقَّ اللهِ وَنَصَحَ لِسَيِّدِهِ وَفَقِيرٌ مُتَعَفِّفٌ ذُو عِيَالٍ وَأَمَّا أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ فَسُلْطَانٌ مُسَلَّطٌ وَذُو ثَرْوَةٍ مِنَ الْمَالِ لَمْ يُعْطِ حَقَّ مَالِهِ وَفَقِيرٌ فَجُورٌ  

bayhaqi:7228Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī > Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥusayn > Ādam b. Abū Iyās > Abū ʿAwānah > al-Suddī > Abū Ṣāliḥ > ʿAlī

[Machine] Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said concerning the verse, "He is Unmindful of the Orphan" [Surah Al-Ma'un, 7]: "It refers to the obligatory Zakat (charity)." This statement has also been narrated from Ibn Umar and Anas ibn Malik, and it is one of the two narrations from Ibn Abbas. It is the view of Abu Al-A'liyah, Al-Hasan, and Mujahid.  

البيهقي:٧٢٢٨أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ ثنا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي قَوْلِهِ {الْمَاعُونُ} [الماعون 7] قَالَ الزَّكَاةُ الْمَفْرُوضَةُ وَهَذَا الْقَوْلُ أَيْضًا رُوِّينَاهُ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَهِيَ إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَتَيْنِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ وَالْحَسَنِ وَمُجَاهِدٍ