10. Zakāh (Prescribed Charity)
١٠۔ كِتَابُ الزَّكَاةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent him as a messenger, and his father said to him, "Do not go out until you have made a covenant with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." When he wanted to go out, he came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "O Qays, do not come on the Day of Resurrection with a camel that has a blemish, or a cow that has a deformity, or a sheep that has been lent out, and do not be like Abu Righal." Sa'd said, "O Messenger of Allah, who is Abu Righal?" He said, "A trustworthy person sent him, Saleh, who found a man in Ta'if with a booty close to one hundred shisahs except for one sheep and a young son with no mother. So he milked the sheep and the owner of the sheep said, 'Who are you?' He said, 'I am a messenger from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ .' So he welcomed him and said, 'This is my sheep, take whichever you like.' He looked at the spotted sheep and said, 'This one.' The man said, 'This boy, as you can see, has no food or drink other than this.' He said, 'If you like milk, I like it too.' So he said, 'Take two sheep in place of it.' He kept increasing and giving until he gave him five shisahs in place of it, but he refused. When he saw that, he aimed at his bow and shot him and killed him, and said, 'It is not right for anyone to come to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with this news before me.' So Saleh, the one who had sent him, came to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him, and Saleh said, 'O Allah, curse Abu Righal, O Allah, curse Abu Righal.' Sa'd bin 'Ubada said, 'O Messenger of Allah, pardon Qays from the mission.'
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَهُ سَاعِيًا فَقَالَ أَبُوهُ لَا تَخْرُجْ حَتَّى تُحْدِثَ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَهْدًا فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ الْخُرُوجَ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا قَيْسُ لَا تَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ عَلَى رَقَبَتِكَ بَعِيرٌ لَهُ رُغَاءٌ أَوْ بَقَرَةٌ لَهَا خُوَارٌ أَوْ شَاةٌ لَهَا يُعَارٌ وَلَا تَكُنْ كَأَبِي رِغَالٍ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ ؓ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَا أَبُو رِغَالٍ؟ قَالَ مُصَدِّقٌ بَعَثَهُ صَالِحٌ فَوَجَدَ رَجُلًا بِالطَّائِفِ فِي غَنِيمَةٍ قَرِيبَةٍ مِنَ الْمِائَةِ شِصَاصٍ إِلَّا شَاةً وَاحِدَةً وَابْنُ صَغِيرٍ لَا أُمَّ لَهُ فَلَبَنُ تِلْكَ الشَّاةِ عَيْشُهُ فَقَالَ صَاحِبُ الْغَنَمِ مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ أَنَا رَسُولُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَحَّبَ وَقَالَ هَذِهِ غَنَمِي فَخُذْ أَيَّمَا أَحْبَبْتَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الشَّاةِ اللَّبُونِ فَقَالَ هَذِهِ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ هَذَا الْغُلَامُ كَمَا تَرَى لَيْسَ لَهُ طَعَامٌ وَلَا شَرَابٌ غَيْرُهَا فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ تُحِبُّ اللَّبَنَ فَأَنَا أُحِبُّهُ فَقَالَ خُذْ شَاتَيْنِ مَكَانَهَا فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَزِيدُهُ وَيَبْذِلُ حَتَّى بَذَلَ لَهُ خَمْسَ شِيَاهٍ شِصَاصٍ مَكَانَهَا فَأَبَى عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ عَمَدَ إِلَى قَوْسِهِ فَرَمَاهُ فَقَتَلَهُ وَقَالَ مَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِهَذَا الْخَبَرِ قَبْلِي فَأَتَى صَاحِبُ الْغَنَمِ صَالِحًا النَّبِيَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ صَالِحٌ اللهُمَّ الْعَنْ أَبَا رِغَالٍ اللهُمَّ الْعَنْ أَبَا رِغَالٍ فَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اعْفُ قَيْسًا مِنَ السِّعَايَةِ
[Machine] "Narrated by Aisha, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , she said: I passed by Umar ibn al-Khattab with a sheep from the charity. He saw in it a pregnant sheep with a great udder. Umar said, 'What is this sheep?' They said, 'It is a sheep from the charity.' Umar said, 'Has its owners been given their share? And they are obedient. Do not tempt people, do not take the livelihood of Muslims. Avert hardship from the people.'"
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ مُرَّ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ بِغَنَمٍ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَرَأَى فِيهَا شَاةً حَافِلًا ذَاتَ ضَرْعٍ عَظِيمٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا هَذِهِ الشَّاةُ؟ فَقَالُوا شَاةٌ مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا أَعْطَى هَذِهِ أَهْلُهَا وَهُمْ طَائِعُونَ لَا تَفْتِنُوا النَّاسَ لَا تَأْخُذُوا حَرَزَاتِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ نَكِّبُوا عَنِ الطَّعَامِ
[Machine] That Muhammad ibn Muslimah al-Ansari used to come to them as a witness and say to the master of wealth, "Give me the charity of Malik's money, and he would not accept it unless it was brought to him in a sheep that was fulfilling its obligation."
أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيَّ ؓ كَانَ يَأْتِيهِمْ مُصَدِّقًا فَيَقُولُ لِرَبِّ الْمَالِ أَخْرِجْ إِلَيَّ صَدَقَةَ مَالِكَ فَلَا يَقُودُ إِلَيْهِ شَاةً فِيهَا وَفَاءٌ مِنْ حَقِّهِ إِلَّا قَبِلَهَا