2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

2.35 Advent of the Jesus. Israelites belying and killing of the prophets of God.

٢۔٣٥ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:87

And We did certainly give Moses the Torah and followed up after him with messengers. And We gave Jesus, the son of Mary, clear proofs and supported him with the Pure Spirit. But is it ˹not˺ that every time a messenger came to you, ˹O Children of Israel˺, with what your souls did not desire, you were arrogant? And a party ˹of messengers˺ you denied and another party you killed.  

And We gave Moses the Scripture, the Torah, and after him We sent successive messengers, that is, We sent them one after another, and We gave Jesus son of Mary the clear proofs, that is, the miracles of bringing the dead back to life and healing the blind and the leper, and We confirmed him, We strengthened him, with the Holy Spirit (the expression rūh al-qudus is an example of annexing ˹in a genitive construction˺ the noun described to the adjective ˹qualifying it˺, in other words, al-rūh al-muqaddasa), that is, Gabriel, ˹so described˺ on account of his ˹Jesus’s˺ sanctity; he would accompany him ˹Jesus˺ wherever he went; still you refuse to be upright, and whenever there came to you a messenger, with what your souls did not desire, ˹did not˺ like, in the way of truth, you became arrogant, you disdained to follow him (istakbartum, ‘you became arrogant’, is the response to the particle kullamā, ‘whenever’, and constitutes the interrogative, and is meant as a rebuke); and some, of them, you called liars, such as Jesus, and some you slay?, such as Zachariah and John (the present tenses ˹of these verbs˺ are used to narrate the past events ˹as though they were events in the present˺, in other words, ‘˹and some˺ you slew’).
القرآن:٢:٨٧

وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ وَقَفَّيْنَا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ بِالرُّسُلِ ۖ وَآتَيْنَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّنَاتِ وَأَيَّدْنَاهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ ۗ أَفَكُلَّمَا جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ بِمَا لَا تَهْوَىٰ أَنْفُسُكُمُ اسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ فَفَرِيقًا كَذَّبْتُمْ وَفَرِيقًا تَقْتُلُونَ  

{ولقد آتينا موسى الكتاب} التوراة {وقفيَّنا من بعده بالرسل} أي اتبعناهم رسولا في إثر رسول {وآتينا عيسى ابن مريم البينات} المعجزات كإحياء الموتى وإبراء الأكمه والأبرص {وأيدناه} قويناه {بروح القدس} من إضافة الموصوف إلى الصفة أي الروح المقدسة جبريل لطهارته يسير معه حيث سار فلم تستقيموا {أفكلما جاءكم رسول بما لا تهوى} تحب {أنفسُكم} من الحق {استكبرتم} تكبرتم عن إتباعه جواب كلما وهو محل الاستفهام، والمراد به التوبيخ {ففريقا} منهم {كذبتم} كعيسى {وفريقاً تقتلون} المضارع لحكاية الحال الماضية: أي قتلتم كزكريا ويحيى.
quran:2:88

And they said, "Our hearts are wrapped." But, ˹in fact˺, Allah has cursed them for their disbelief, so little is it that they believe.  

And they say, to the Prophet mockingly: ‘Our hearts are encased’ (ghulf is the plural of aghlaf), that is to say, wrapped up in covers and cannot comprehend what you say; God, exalted be He, says: Nay (bal introduces the rebuttal), but God has cursed them, removed them far from His mercy and degraded them when they rejected ˹the messengers˺, for their unbelief, which is not the result of anything defective in their hearts; and little will they believe (fa-qalīlan mā yu’minūn: the mā here is extra, emphasising the ‘littleness’ involved): that is, their belief is minimal.
القرآن:٢:٨٨

وَقَالُوا قُلُوبُنَا غُلْفٌ ۚ بَلْ لَعَنَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِكُفْرِهِمْ فَقَلِيلًا مَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{وقالوا} للنبي استهزاء {قلوبنا غُلْفٌ} جمع أغلف أي مغشاة بأغطية فلا تعي ما تقول قال تعالى: {بل} للإضراب {لعنهم الله} أبعدهم من رحمته وخذلهم عن القبول {بكفرهم} وليس عدم قبولهم لخلل في قلوبهم {فقليلا ما يؤمنون} ما زائدة لتأكيد القلة أي: إيمانهم قليل جداً.