2. Sūrat al-Baqarah

٢۔ سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

Qurʾān > Chapter 2 > Section 70
القرآن > كتاب ٢ > باب ٧٠

2.70 Prohibition of dead meat, blood, pig meat, and what is slaughtered for the sake of other than God.

٢۔٧٠ مقطع في سُورَةُ البَقَرَة

quran:2:172 –

O you who have believed, eat from the good things which We have provided for you and be grateful to Allah if it is ˹indeed˺ Him that you worship.  

O you who believe, eat of the good things, that are lawful, wherewith We have provided you, and give thanks to God, for what He has made lawful for you, if it be Him that you worship.
القرآن:٢:١٧٢ –

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُلُوا مِنْ طَيِّبَاتِ مَا رَزَقْنَاكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لِلَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ إِيَّاهُ تَعْبُدُونَ  

{يا أيها الذين آمنوا كلوا من طيِّبات} حلالات {ما رزقناكم واشكروا لله} على ما أحل لكم {إن كنتم إياه تعبدون}.
quran:2:173 –

He has only forbidden to you dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allah. But whoever is forced ˹by necessity˺, neither desiring ˹it˺ nor transgressing ˹its limit˺, there is no sin upon him. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.  

He has only forbidden you: carrion, that is, the consumption of it, since this is the subject of the general address here, and similarly ˹the consumption of˺ what follows, ˹all of˺ which is what has not been slaughtered in accordance with ˹prescriptions of˺ the Law; to this the Sunna adds ˹as also constituting carrion˺ what has been severed from a living creature. A special status is, however, accorded fish and locusts; blood, poured forth, as in ˹sūrat˺ al-An‘ām ˹see Q. 6:145˺, the flesh of swine, the meat is singled out for mention because that ˹part˺ is what people mostly seek, every other ˹part˺ being implied thereby; what has been hallowed to other than God, that is to say, what has been slaughtered in other than His Name (al-ihlāl is the raising of one’s voice, which they used to do when sacrificing for their gods). Yet whoever is constrained, forced by dire need to eat of the above-mentioned, not desiring, to rebel against Muslims, nor transgressing, committing aggression against them by waylaying them, no sin shall be on him, for eating it. God is Forgiving, to His friends, Merciful, to those who are obedient to Him, for He has granted them wide berth in this matter. The aggressor and the transgressor are excluded from this ˹dispensation˺, and to these two ˹categories˺ one should also add every person that sets out on a journey in disobedience, such as the fugitive or the excise collector, for whom it would be unlawful to eat any of the mentioned, unless they repent ˹of their disobedience˺; this is the opinion of al-Shāfi‘ī.
القرآن:٢:١٧٣ –

إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَيْتَةَ وَالدَّمَ وَلَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ وَمَا أُهِلَّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ ۖ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلَا عَادٍ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{إنما حرم عليكم الميتة} أي أكلها إذا الكلام فيه وكذا ما بعدها وهي ما لم يذك شرعا، وألحق بها بالسنة ما أبين من حيِّ وخُص منها السمك والجراد {والدم} أي المسفوح كما في الأنعام {ولحم الخنزير} خص اللحم لأنه معظم المقصود وغيره تبع له {وما أهل به لغير الله} أي ذبح على اسم غيره والإهلال رفع الصوت وكانوا يرفعونه عند الذبح لآلهتهم {فمن اضطر} أي ألجأته الضرورة إلى أكل شيء مما ذكر فأكله {غير باغ} خارج على المسلمين {ولا عاد} متعد عليهم بقطع الطريق {فلا إثم عليه} في أكله {إن الله غفور} لأوليائه {رحيم} بأهل طاعته حيث وسع لهم في ذلك وخرج الباغي والعادي ويلحق بهما كل عاص بسفره كالآبق والماكس فلا يحل لهم أكل شيء من ذلك ما لم يتوبوا وعليه الشافعي.